CN109566181B - Vertical farm and air regulation and control method thereof - Google Patents
Vertical farm and air regulation and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566181B CN109566181B CN201811522853.6A CN201811522853A CN109566181B CN 109566181 B CN109566181 B CN 109566181B CN 201811522853 A CN201811522853 A CN 201811522853A CN 109566181 B CN109566181 B CN 109566181B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
- A01G9/246—Air-conditioning systems
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H5/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for industrial or agricultural purposes
- E04H5/08—Buildings or groups of buildings for agricultural purposes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of vertical agriculture, and particularly relates to a vertical farm and an air regulation and control method thereof, wherein a plant factory area vertically penetrating through the whole building is arranged in a multi-layer building, and the bottom end of the plant factory area is connected with the external atmosphere through a ventilation and temperature regulation system; each layer of plant factory area is separated from other functional areas in the building by glass walls, and each layer of plant factory area is provided with personnel entrances and exits; replacing interlayer floor slabs by hollow steel structure platforms in each layer of plant factory; and a ventilating pipeline provided with a valve is arranged between the plant factory area and other functional areas. The vertical farm of the invention gives full play to the advantages and the characteristics of the space layout of the vertical farm, the plant factory space which is communicated with each other from top to bottom is isolated from other functional areas by transparent glass, and the plant factory space is used as a three-dimensional vegetable cultivation space and a channel for air to circulate from the bottom to the top, and high-density plant cultivation is integrated into a building air circulation system, so that the plant factory area becomes an air optimization functional area and a green ornamental area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vertical agriculture, and particularly relates to a vertical farm and an air regulation and control method thereof.
Background
With the maturity of plant factory technology, vertical agriculture developed on the basis of the technology is concerned widely, and related concepts and designs continuously emerge as an important fruit, vegetable and grain production mode in the future.
At present, patents for vertical agriculture are limited to building appearances (201330191059.X), household vegetable stereoscopic planting cabinets (201510678970.1) and product appearances (201530404173.5), and most of the designs of the internal structures of urban vertical farms for agricultural product production are designed to carry out different agricultural activities on different floors, at the moment, the traditional plant factory stereoscopic cultivation mode is used as a main means of artificial light cultivation, so that the traditional plant factory stereoscopic cultivation mode is reserved to the greatest extent, some existing defects are not solved, structural and functional innovations brought by 'vertical' are not fully discovered, and the active effects of the plant factory stereoscopic cultivation mode are played in plant growth and environment regulation. Taking the ventilation and cooling of plant factories as an example, the ventilation and cooling are limited by a multilayer three-dimensional cultivation structure, the existing ventilation mode such as fully-closed side ventilation (200610076205.3) has better effect in small-scale plant factories, when the cultivation area is further enlarged and the number of layers is increased, the distance between an air outlet and an air return inlet is increased, and in addition, the cultivation frame and the plants are blocked, and the ventilation and temperature adjustment effects are reduced.
The applicant develops a vertical agriculture/farm which integrates the functions of vegetable three-dimensional cultivation, edible fungus production, aquaculture, fruit and vegetable, flower and fruit tree cultivation, green farming experience, sightseeing, leisure, shopping and the like on the basis of plant factory technology, namely, different functional areas are arranged at each layer of a high-rise building, the circulating flow of materials and energy is realized in each functional area, and the maximum resource utilization is realized. The buildings are suitable for being located in cities or peripheral areas of the cities, so that the buildings are convenient for nearby transportation of products, convenient for on-site purchasing of residents, greatly reduce logistics time and material loss, and are an effective way for supplying high-quality agricultural products to the cities in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vertical farm, creatively provides a three-dimensional vegetable cultivation space arrangement mode and a high-efficiency environment control method of the vertical farm based on the arrangement mode, which not only gives full play to the advantages and the characteristics of the space arrangement of the vertical farm, but also designs each layer in a building into a plant factory area which is communicated with each other from top to bottom, and isolates the plant factory area from other functional areas through transparent glass, namely, the plant factory area serves as a three-dimensional vegetable cultivation space and also serves as a channel for air to circulate from the bottom to the top, and high-density plant cultivation is integrated into a building air circulation system, so that a vegetable production area serves as an optimized functional area and a green ornamental area of air in the building and appears in each layer in the building.
The vertical farm is characterized in that a plant factory area vertically penetrating through the whole building is arranged in a multi-layer building, and the bottom end of the plant factory area is connected with the external atmosphere through a ventilation and temperature regulation system; each layer of plant factory area is separated from other functional areas in the building by a glass wall, and each layer of plant factory area is provided with a personnel entrance and exit; replacing interlayer floor slabs with hollow steel structure platforms in each layer of plant factory area; and a ventilation pipeline provided with a valve is arranged between the plant factory area and other functional areas.
The bottom end of the plant factory area is connected with the outside air through a ventilation and temperature adjustment system, an air channel which penetrates through the plant factory area from top to bottom is preferably arranged inside the plant factory area, and air inlets of each layer of plant factory area are arranged through the air channel to supply air to the plant factory area. The air ports face the cultivation frame, and a plurality of air ports can be arranged in each layer of plant factory area.
In the vertical farm, the functions of all the other functional areas can be freely divided, and the other functional areas can be used for human public activity areas such as restaurants, shopping malls, cinemas, indoor playgrounds, office areas, meeting rooms and the like in a partitioned manner, and can also be set as agricultural production sightseeing areas such as planting greenhouses, edible fungus planting areas, aquaculture areas, medicinal material planting areas and the like of crops, fruits, vegetables and flowers; the human public activity area and the agricultural production and/or sightseeing area can be arranged in a crossed mode. For example, a vertical farm can be directly arranged in a mall building, or a building provided with the vertical farm is newly built, and modern greenhouse technology can be considered for cultivating fruits and vegetables (such as tomatoes, cucumbers, hot peppers, eggplants and strawberries), crops (such as wheat, corns, rice and the like), fruit trees, tropical plants and the like on all the sunny sides of other functional areas outside a plant factory area; the shady side of each layer of other functional areas can adopt a facility factory mode to produce edible fungi, aquatic products, medicinal plants with high added value and the like, and artificial light is properly introduced.
When the building where the vertical farm is located is provided with an aquaculture area, a plant factory area nutrient solution storage tank and an aquaculture area water treatment tank can be arranged in the basement, and a fish-vegetable symbiotic circulation system is formed after the liquid between the plant factory area nutrient solution storage tank and the aquaculture area water treatment tank is filtered, disinfected and treated by a nitrification bed.
When the vertical farm is located in a building provided with any one or more of human activity areas such as restaurants, markets, cinemas, indoor playgrounds, office areas, meeting rooms and the like, the human activity areas and the plant factory area share at least one high transparent glass wall, shutters can be arranged, the transparent glass wall can directly observe green plants artificially cultivated in the plant factory area through glass, the green life of the room is increased, and meanwhile, enough illumination can be provided for a shaded room. The full height refers to the floor from the floor of the floor to the floor of the higher floor.
And the hollow steel structure platform is fixed on each floor of the building. The staff manages the plant of this layer of plant factory on fretwork steel construction platform and gathers.
Wherein, each layer of plant factory area is provided with a plurality of through-height cultivation frames, and the cultivation frames are provided with a plurality of cultivation layers. And each plant factory area is provided with an artificial light source for supplementing light according to the growth requirement of plants.
The plant factory area is provided with a ventilation and temperature regulation system, and the ventilation and temperature regulation system is preferably arranged in a segmented mode (airflow running from bottom to top can be adjusted through the ventilation and temperature regulation system at any time in the front of a certain section under the condition that the temperature and humidity of the certain section are not proper). And the other functional areas are provided with ventilation and temperature regulation systems.
The ventilation and temperature regulation system takes an air conditioner and a fan as main equipment.
The plant factory and the other functional areas are provided with temperature and humidity probes, oxygen concentration probes and carbon dioxide concentration probes for monitoring temperature and humidity, oxygen concentration and carbon dioxide concentration.
And in the plant factory area, preferably, each layer is provided with a carbon dioxide gas outlet for spraying carbon dioxide.
Wherein the air duct connected to the outside atmosphere through the ventilation and temperature adjustment system preferably passes through the ground at a certain depth.
The vertical farm of the invention further comprises a sightseeing elevator which is close to the plant factory area, and the growth condition of the plants can be visited when the elevator runs.
The invention also provides an efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm, the plant factory area is in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time due to heat emitted by artificial light of the plant factory area and heat generated by plant respiration, ventilation and cooling are mainly considered, and if the temperature of the plant factory area is lower than the set temperature of the plant factory area, a ventilation and temperature regulation system is used for heating the plant factory area.
The set temperature of the plant factory is set according to the suitable temperature range for the growth of plants in the plant factory.
The invention provides an efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking the outside atmosphere of the low-temperature vertical farm as a plant factory area for ventilation and cooling;
2) ventilating and cooling the plant factory by using low-temperature air in other functional areas;
3) cooling the plant factory by a ventilation and temperature regulation system;
and (3) performing the steps singly or in combination until the air temperature is reduced to the set air temperature of the plant factory.
The low temperature in the step 1) and the step 2) is less than or equal to the air temperature of the plant factory area.
The method comprises the following steps of 1) cooling a plant factory by using low-temperature vertical farm external atmosphere: when the temperature of the atmosphere outside the vertical farm is lower than or equal to the current temperature of the plant factory, the outside atmosphere enters the plant factory after the humidity is adjusted by the ventilation and temperature adjustment system (enters the plant factory through the air duct without the air duct, and directly enters the plant factory), flows upwards in a directional manner, absorbs carbon dioxide by the plant, releases oxygen to obtain oxygen-enriched air, and reduces the temperature and humidity of the environment of the plant factory; and when the temperature of the external atmosphere is higher than the current air temperature of the plant factory area, stopping introducing the external atmosphere.
Wherein the directional upward flow is such that air entering the plant area flows directionally upward under the action of one or more of air pressure, air heat-lift force, or fan push/pull force.
Wherein the air pressure is generated when air enters the bottom of the plant factory.
The air heat-lifting power is that air is heated by an internal artificial light source and forms air heat-lifting pulling on the top of the building.
And when the introduction of the external atmosphere is stopped, if the plant factory area needs to be ventilated and cooled, performing the step 2). And 2) ventilating and cooling the plant factory area by using low-temperature air in other functional areas, specifically comprising the following steps of: when the air temperature of other functional areas is lower than or equal to the current air temperature of the plant factory area, the air of the other functional areas enters the plant factory area through the ventilation pipeline connected with the plant factory area, and the air temperature of the plant factory area is reduced; and when the air temperature of other functional areas is higher than the current air temperature of the plant factory area, stopping introducing the air of other functional areas.
And (3) when the air temperatures of the external atmosphere and other functional areas are higher than (not equal to) the air temperature of the plant factory area, cooling the plant factory area by using the ventilation and temperature adjustment system.
Preferably, ventilation cooling is performed at night with lower temperature in summer, so that more air is used for cooling, and the energy consumption of the ventilation and temperature regulation system is reduced. In cooperation with the above, the plant photoperiod needs to be adjusted correspondingly, that is, the artificial light source is turned on to perform the photoperiod when the temperature is low at night and the external atmosphere is introduced to perform the dark period when the temperature is high in daytime.
The efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm further comprises the following steps of:
4) oxygen is enriched by taking oxygen-enriched air of the plant factory area as other functional areas.
And 4) oxygen is added to other functional areas by taking the oxygen-enriched air of the plant factory area as the oxygen-enriched air, and the oxygen-enriched air is specifically as follows: when the temperature needed by other functional areas in the building deviates from the current temperature, the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area is measured: when the air temperature of other functional areas in the building can be adjusted by using the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area, the oxygen-enriched air enters the other functional areas through the ventilation pipeline connected with the other functional areas in the plant factory area, and the oxygen is added to the air while the temperature is adjusted; when the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area is not suitable for adjusting the temperature of other functional areas in the building, the oxygen-enriched air is discharged into the atmosphere through the top of the plant factory area.
The temperature of other functional areas in the building can be adjusted by using the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area, and the following situations are involved: when the current temperature of other functional areas in the building is higher than the required temperature (needs to be cooled), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area is lower than the temperature of the other functional areas; secondly, when the current temperature of other functional areas in the building is lower than the required temperature (the temperature needs to be increased), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area is higher than the temperature of other functional areas.
The efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm further comprises the following steps of:
5) and air with high carbon dioxide content in other functional areas is used for increasing the carbon dioxide concentration in the plant factory area.
And 5) increasing the carbon dioxide concentration for the plant factory by using the air with high carbon dioxide content in other functional areas, specifically comprising the following steps: when the concentration of carbon dioxide in other functional areas in the building is higher than that of the plant factory area and the air temperature in the other functional areas is lower than or equal to that of the plant factory area, air rich in carbon dioxide in the other functional areas enters the plant factory area through the ventilation pipeline connected with the plant factory area, otherwise, the air in the other functional areas is directly discharged into the atmosphere.
Wherein the temperature needed by the other functional areas is set according to the specific needs of the other functional areas.
The air efficient regulation and control method is detailed as follows:
a) the external atmosphere enters a plant factory area vertically penetrating through the whole building after being treated by refrigeration/heat, humidity increase/reduction and the like of a ventilation and temperature adjustment system, and directionally flows in the plant factory area under the action of one or more of air pressure, heat rising power, fan push/pull force and the like, so that a necessary temperature and humidity environment is provided for plants, the temperature of an artificial light source is reduced, and the problems of blocked air flow, unsmooth ventilation and uneven temperature and humidity commonly existing in the conventional three-dimensional cultivation of the plant factory are solved; preferably: after being heated by an internal artificial light source, air is heated and pulled at the top of the building, and under the combined action of air inlet pushing at the bottom, newly-entered air moves upwards from the bottom end of the channel;
b) Oxygen-enriched air with significantly reduced carbon dioxide content and increased oxygen content after modification in the plant area is introduced into the other functional areas by the ventilation system and/or air of the other functional areas which is enriched in carbon dioxide is introduced into the plant area.
c) The air pipeline entering the plant factory area can be located underground at a certain depth, and the air with different temperatures in different seasons is preheated/cooled by utilizing terrestrial heat/cold before entering the ventilation and temperature adjustment system, so that the heating/cooling energy consumption of the ventilation and temperature adjustment system is reduced. The ventilation system can be regulated, when the external environment is not suitable for plant growth, an air pipeline connected with the plant factory area and the external atmosphere is closed, and an internal circulation mode (namely air circulation is carried out only between the plant factory area and other functional areas) is adopted in the plant factory area for environment regulation.
d) Each layer in the plant factory area is provided with a heat/cold air outlet and a carbon dioxide outlet with certain power, and a plurality of air temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide sensors are arranged at certain intervals in the vertical direction among the outlets. Along with the directional flow of air in the plant factory area, when the value of a certain sensor at the upstream of the air flow approaches or reaches the threshold value of the set environmental parameter, the heat/cold air outlets and the carbon dioxide air outlet around the sensor start to work in time, and the environmental parameter at the downstream of the air flow is ensured to meet the plant growth requirement.
e) Because the air in the plant factory area after the artificial light source heating is hotter and hotter, the seedlings are arranged on the lower layer as much as possible during planting to prevent spindling, and the seedlings are transferred to the upper plant factory area after growing up.
The vertical farm of the invention has the following advantages:
1. plant cultivation parts in the vertical farm are taken as air treatment units to be integrated into a building ventilation temperature control system, and plant photosynthesis is utilized to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen to improve the air quality in the building. Meanwhile, the flowing air in the plant cooling system provides a necessary temperature and humidity environment for the plants and cools the artificial light source, so that the problems of blocked air flowing, unsmooth ventilation and uneven temperature and humidity in the existing three-dimensional cultivation of plant factories are solved.
2. Fully utilizes natural resources. When the temperature and the humidity of outdoor air are proper, the outdoor air is introduced into the ground, exchanges heat with the stable underground environment, is further adjusted by an air adjusting system according to the temperature and the humidity at the moment, and then enters a plant factory area. The electric energy consumption of the air conditioning system can be greatly saved.
3. Nutrient solution, water, air and the like between different planting areas and plant factory areas of each layer form circulation according to needs, so that resource consumption is reduced, and production cost is reduced.
4. The plant factory area is separated from the suitable place in the building by transparent glass, so that the normal operation of production and office functions at two sides is ensured, comfortable green landscape and illumination are provided for personnel, the working condition is improved, the working efficiency is improved, and the electric energy is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of a vertical farm in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a plant factory floor cultivation frame and each layer of operation platform in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan layout view of the ground of each floor of the vertical farm in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a side sectional view of a vertical farm in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
The arrow indicates the direction of air flow, 1 is a plant factory area, 2 is other functional areas, 3 is an interlayer floor slab, 4 is a hollow steel structure platform, 5 is a person inlet and outlet, 6 is a cultivation frame, 7 is an elevator, 8 is a glass wall, 9 is an air duct, and 10 is an air port.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A vertical farm side section view of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, where the direction of the arrows is the direction of air flow. The structure diagram of the plant factory area cultivation frame and each layer of operation platform is shown in fig. 2, and the plan layout diagram of each layer of ground of the vertical farm is shown in fig. 3.
The vertical farm of the embodiment is characterized in that a plant factory area 1 vertically penetrating through the whole building is arranged in a multi-layer building, and the bottom end of the plant factory area 1 is connected with the external atmosphere through a ventilation and temperature regulation system; each layer of plant factory area 1 is separated from other functional areas 2 in the building by a glass wall 8, and each layer of plant factory area 1 is provided with a personnel entrance 5; each layer of plant factory area 1 replaces the interlayer floor slab 3 with a hollow steel structure platform 4.
Wherein, the hollow steel structure platform 4 is fixed on the interlayer floor 3 of other functional areas. The staff manages the plant of this layer of plant factory district on fretwork steel construction platform 4 and gathers.
Wherein, each layer of plant factory area 4 is provided with a plurality of cultivation shelves 6 that are through high, and cultivation shelves 6 are provided with a plurality of cultivation layers.
The vertical farm of the embodiment further comprises a sightseeing elevator 7 which is close to the plant factory area, and the growth condition of the plants can be visited when the elevator 7 is in operation.
In the embodiment, the functions of other functional areas of the building where the vertical farm is located are freely divided at each layer, namely, human activity areas such as a shopping mall, a cinema, an indoor playground, an office area and a conference room, and agricultural production viewing areas such as a fruit, vegetable and flower planting greenhouse, an edible fungus planting area, an aquaculture area and a medicinal material planting area.
At least one surface of a market, a cinema, an indoor playground, an office area and a conference room in the building where the vertical farm is located is transparent glass with a shutter, and the transparent glass can directly observe green plants artificially cultivated in a plant factory through the transparent glass, so that sufficient illumination can be provided for a shaded room while the green life of the room is increased.
In the agricultural production light observation area outside each layer of plant factory area, fruit and vegetable (such as tomato, cucumber, hot pepper, eggplant and strawberry) and crop (such as wheat, corn, rice and the like) are cultivated in the sun by adopting the modern greenhouse technology, and fruit trees, tropical plants and the like are also cultivated; the shady side adopts a facility factory mode to produce edible fungi, aquatic products, medicinal plants with high added value and the like, and artificial light is properly introduced. When the building where the vertical farm is located is provided with the aquaculture area, the basement is provided with a plant factory area nutrient solution storage tank and an aquaculture area water treatment tank, and liquid between the plant factory area nutrient solution storage tank and the aquaculture area water treatment tank is filtered, disinfected and treated by a nitrification bed to form a fish-vegetable symbiotic circulation system.
Because the heat that the artificial light of plant factory 1 gived off and the heat that the plant breathes and produces, plant factory 1 is in high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, mainly considers aeration cooling, if meet plant factory temperature be less than plant factory when setting for temperature, use the aeration temperature regulating system for plant factory 1 heats. The embodiment also provides an efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm, which comprises the following steps:
1) Taking the outside atmosphere of the low-temperature vertical farm as a plant factory area 1 for ventilation and cooling; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the atmosphere outside the vertical farm is lower than or equal to the current temperature of the plant factory area 1, the outside atmosphere enters the plant factory area 1 after the humidity of the outside atmosphere is adjusted by the ventilation and temperature adjustment system, flows upwards in a directional manner, and the plants absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen to obtain oxygen-enriched air, and simultaneously the temperature and the humidity of the environment of the plant factory area 1 are reduced; and when the temperature of the external atmosphere is higher than the current air temperature of the plant factory area 1, stopping introducing the external atmosphere.
When stopping introducing outside atmosphere, if plant factory area 1 needs aeration cooling, carry out step 2) and use 2 air in microthermal other functional areas as 1 aeration cooling in plant factory area, specifically do: when the air temperature of the other functional areas 2 is lower than or equal to the current air temperature of the plant factory area 1, the air of the other functional areas 2 enters the plant factory area 1 through the ventilation pipeline connected with the plant factory area 1, and the air temperature of the plant factory area 1 is reduced; and when the air temperature of the other functional areas 2 is higher than the current air temperature of the plant factory area 1, stopping introducing the air 2 of the other functional areas.
And when the air temperatures of the external atmosphere and other functional areas 2 are higher than (not equal to) the air temperature of the plant factory area 1, performing the step 3) to cool the plant factory area 1 by using the ventilation and temperature adjustment system.
And (3) performing the steps singly or in combination until the air temperature is reduced to the set air temperature of the plant factory.
The perpendicular plant factory of this embodiment carries out aeration cooling at the lower night of temperature summer to more utilize the atmosphere to cool down, reduce the energy consumption of ventilation temperature regulating system. In cooperation with the above, the plant photoperiod needs to be adjusted correspondingly, that is, the artificial light source is turned on to perform the photoperiod when the temperature is low at night and the external atmosphere is introduced, and the introduction of the external atmosphere is stopped to perform the dark period when the temperature is high at daytime.
The efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm further comprises any one or two of the following steps:
4) oxygen enrichment is carried out on the air of the plant factory area 1 as the other functional areas 2, and the oxygen enrichment is specifically as follows: when the temperature required by the other functional areas 2 deviates from the current temperature, the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant area 1 is determined: when the air temperature of the other functional areas 2 can be adjusted by the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area 1, the oxygen-enriched air enters the other functional areas 2 through the ventilation pipelines connected with the other functional areas 2 in the plant factory 1, and the oxygen is added to the air while the temperature is adjusted; when the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory floor 1 is not suitable for regulating the temperature of the other functional areas 2, the oxygen-enriched air is discharged into the atmosphere through the top of the plant factory floor 1.
Wherein, the temperature of the other functional areas 2 can be adjusted by the oxygen-enriched air of the plant factory area 1, which refers to the following situations: when the current temperature of the other functional areas 2 is higher than the required temperature (needs to be cooled), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area is lower than the temperature of the other functional areas 2; and secondly, when the current temperature of other functional areas in the building is lower than the required temperature (the temperature needs to be increased), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area 1 is higher than the temperature of other functional areas.
5) The method for increasing the carbon dioxide concentration in the plant factory area 1 by using the air with high carbon dioxide content in the other functional areas 2 specifically comprises the following steps: when the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the other functional areas 2 is higher than that of the plant factory area 1 and the air temperature in the other functional areas 2 is lower than or equal to that of the plant factory area 1, the air rich in the carbon dioxide in the other functional areas 2 enters the plant factory area 1 through the ventilation pipeline connected with the plant factory area 1, otherwise, the air in the other functional areas 2 is directly exhausted into the atmosphere.
Example 2
A vertical farm side section view of this embodiment is shown in fig. 4, where the direction of the arrows is the direction of air flow.
The vertical farm of this embodiment is equipped with the wind channel 9 that runs through about the plant factory 1 is inside to be established in the plant factory 1, locates every layer of plant factory's wind gap 10 of factory through wind channel 9 and supplies air to the plant factory. The tuyere 10 faces the cultivation shelf. The other structure is the same as that of embodiment 1. The specific structure of the implementation is that a plant factory area 1 vertically penetrating through the whole building is arranged in a multi-layer building, an air duct 9 vertically penetrating is arranged in the plant factory area 1, and the bottom end of the air duct 9 is connected with the external atmosphere through a ventilation and temperature regulation system; each layer of plant factory area 1 is separated from other functional areas 2 in the building by glass walls, and each layer of glass wall is provided with personnel entrances and exits; replacing the interlayer floor slab 3 with a hollow steel structure platform 4 in each layer of plant factory area; and the plant factory area is provided with a ventilation valve leading to ventilation pipelines of other functional areas in the building.
Because the heat that the artificial light of plant factory 1 gived off and the heat that the plant breathes and produces, plant factory 1 is in high temperature and high humidity environment for a long time, mainly considers aeration cooling, if meet plant factory temperature be less than plant factory when setting for temperature, use the aeration temperature regulating system for plant factory 1 heats. The embodiment also provides an efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm, which comprises the following steps:
1) taking the atmosphere outside the low-temperature vertical farm as a plant factory area 1 for ventilation and cooling; the method specifically comprises the following steps: when the temperature of the atmosphere outside the vertical farm is lower than or equal to the current temperature of the plant factory area 1, the outside atmosphere enters the air duct 9 of the plant factory area 1 after the humidity of the outside atmosphere is adjusted by the ventilation and temperature adjustment system, flows upwards in a directional manner and enters each layer of plant factory area 1 through the air ports 10, carbon dioxide is absorbed by plants, oxygen is released to obtain oxygen-enriched air, and meanwhile, the temperature and the humidity of the environment of the plant factory area 1 are reduced; and when the temperature of the external atmosphere is higher than the current air temperature of the plant factory area 1, stopping introducing the external atmosphere.
When stopping introducing outside atmosphere, if plant factory area 1 needs aeration cooling, carry out step 2) and use 2 air in microthermal other functional areas as 1 aeration cooling in plant factory area, specifically do: when the air temperature of the other functional areas 2 is lower than or equal to the current air temperature of the plant factory area 1, the air of the other functional areas 2 enters the plant factory area 1 through the ventilation pipeline connected with the plant factory area 1, and the air temperature of the plant factory area 1 is reduced; and when the air temperature of the other functional areas 2 is higher than the current air temperature of the plant factory area 1, stopping introducing the air 2 of the other functional areas.
And when the air temperatures of the external atmosphere and other functional areas 2 are higher than (not equal to) the air temperature of the plant factory area 1, performing the step 3) to cool the plant factory area 1 by using the ventilation and temperature adjustment system.
And (3) performing the steps singly or in combination until the air temperature is reduced to the set air temperature of the plant factory.
The perpendicular plant factory of this embodiment carries out aeration cooling at the lower night of temperature summer to more utilize the atmosphere to cool down, reduce the energy consumption of ventilation temperature regulating system. In cooperation with the above, the plant photoperiod needs to be adjusted correspondingly, that is, the artificial light source is turned on to perform the photoperiod when the temperature is low at night and the external atmosphere is introduced to perform the dark period when the temperature is high in daytime.
The efficient air regulation and control method suitable for the vertical farm further comprises any one or two of the following steps:
4) oxygen enrichment is carried out on the air of the plant factory area 1 as the other functional areas 2, and the oxygen enrichment is specifically as follows: when the temperature required by the other functional areas 2 deviates from the current temperature, the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant area 1 is determined: when the air temperature of the other functional areas 2 can be adjusted by the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area 1, the oxygen-enriched air enters the other functional areas 2 through the ventilation pipelines connected with the other functional areas 2 in the plant factory 1, and the oxygen is added to the air while the temperature is adjusted; when the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area 1 is not suitable for regulating the temperature of the other functional areas 2, the oxygen-enriched air is discharged into the atmosphere through the top of the plant factory area 1.
Wherein, the temperature of the other functional areas 2 can be adjusted by the oxygen-enriched air of the plant factory area 1, which refers to the following situations: when the current temperature of the other functional areas 2 is higher than the required temperature (needs to be reduced), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area is lower than the temperature of the other functional areas; and secondly, when the current temperature of the other functional areas 2 is lower than the required temperature (needs to be increased), the temperature of the oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area 1 is higher than the temperature of the other functional areas.
5) The method for increasing the carbon dioxide concentration in the plant factory area 1 by using the air with high carbon dioxide content in the other functional areas 2 specifically comprises the following steps: when the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the other functional areas 2 is higher than that of the plant factory area 1 and the air temperature in the other functional areas 2 is lower than or equal to that of the plant factory area 1, the air rich in the carbon dioxide in the other functional areas 2 enters the plant factory area 1 through the ventilation pipeline connected with the plant factory area 1, otherwise, the air in the other functional areas 2 is directly exhausted into the atmosphere.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A vertical farm is characterized in that a plant factory area vertically penetrating through the whole building up and down and integrally communicated is arranged in a multi-layer building, the plant factory area is used as a space for three-dimensional cultivation of plants and a channel for air circulation from bottom to top, and the bottom end of the plant factory area is connected with the external atmosphere through a ventilation and temperature regulation system; each layer of plant factory area is separated from other functional areas in the building by a glass wall, and each layer of plant factory area is provided with a personnel entrance and exit; replacing interlayer floor slabs by hollow steel structure platforms in each layer of plant factory; a ventilation pipeline provided with a valve is arranged between the plant factory area and other functional areas;
the bottom end of the plant factory area is connected with the external atmosphere through a ventilation and temperature adjustment system, an air duct which penetrates through the plant factory area up and down is arranged in the plant factory area, and air is supplied to the plant factory area through air ports which are arranged in each layer of the plant factory area;
in the plant factory area, each layer is provided with a plurality of through-height cultivation frames, the cultivation frames are provided with a plurality of cultivation layers, and each layer of plant factory area is provided with an artificial light source for light supplement; the plant factory area and the other functional areas are respectively provided with a ventilation and temperature regulation system, a temperature and humidity probe, an oxygen concentration probe and a carbon dioxide concentration probe;
The air duct connected to the outside atmosphere through the ventilation and temperature adjustment system passes through the underground at a certain depth.
2. The vertical farm according to claim 1, wherein said other functional areas are used in areas of human public activity and/or agricultural production viewing.
3. The vertical farm of claim 2, wherein the human public activity area is one or more of a restaurant, a mall, a movie theater, an indoor casino, an office area, a conference room; and the human public activity area and the plant factory area share at least one through high transparent glass wall.
4. The vertical farm according to claim 2, wherein the agricultural production viewing area is one or more of a greenhouse for planting crops, fruits, vegetables and flowers, a field for planting edible fungi, a field for aquaculture, and a field for planting medicinal materials.
5. The vertical farm according to claim 1, further comprising a sightseeing ladder in close proximity to the plant factory.
6. Air conditioning method applicable to a vertical farm according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is:
1) taking the outside atmosphere of the low-temperature vertical farm as a plant factory for ventilation and cooling;
2) taking low-temperature air of other functional areas as the plant factory area for ventilation and cooling;
3) Cooling a plant factory by using a ventilation and temperature regulation system;
and (3) performing the steps singly or in combination until the air temperature is reduced to the set air temperature of the plant factory.
7. The air conditioning method according to claim 6, further comprising any one or both of the following steps:
4) oxygen is added to other functional areas by using oxygen-enriched air in the plant factory area;
5) and air with high carbon dioxide content in other functional areas is used for increasing the carbon dioxide concentration of the plant factory area.
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| CN113498704A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-15 | 北京中农俊景科技有限公司 | Environmental parameter regulation and control system and circulation agricultural health system |
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| KR20120007111A (en) * | 2010-07-14 | 2012-01-20 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Vertical type farm building |
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