CN204786984U - Reinforce compound ventilation system of indoor natural draft effect - Google Patents
Reinforce compound ventilation system of indoor natural draft effect Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/272—Solar heating or cooling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种可强化室内自然通风效果的复合通风系统。本实用新型主要包括地下埋管冷却系统、建筑外墙太阳能烟囱及建筑顶部太阳能通风屋顶。本实用新型利用地下埋管冷却技术，在地表下方的恒温层埋设风管，在夏季可实现室内降温。在建筑的外围设置太阳能烟囱，利用烟囱效应的抽吸作用使地下埋管中的冷空气从建筑物下部进入，吸收建筑物内的热后变成热空气从建筑物上部排出，增加了室内通风量，改善了通风效果。在建筑顶部设置太阳能通风屋顶，冬季关闭其中设有的风阀，让通风间层成为一个温室，通过太阳辐射得热来加热室内空气；夏季打开风阀，通过热压和风压作用，将室内的热空气通过空气间层带出室外，起到通风降温作用。
The utility model discloses a composite ventilation system capable of strengthening indoor natural ventilation effect. The utility model mainly includes an underground buried pipe cooling system, a solar chimney on the outer wall of a building and a solar ventilation roof on the top of the building. The utility model utilizes the buried pipe cooling technology, and the air pipe is buried in the constant temperature layer below the ground surface to realize indoor cooling in summer. Install solar chimneys on the periphery of the building, use the suction effect of the chimney effect to make the cold air in the underground pipes enter from the lower part of the building, absorb the heat in the building and become hot air and discharge from the upper part of the building, increasing indoor ventilation volume, improved ventilation. Install a solar ventilated roof on the top of the building, close the air valve in it in winter, let the ventilation interlayer become a greenhouse, heat the indoor air through solar radiation heat; open the air valve in summer, through the action of heat and wind pressure, the indoor The hot air is taken out of the room through the air interlayer to play the role of ventilation and cooling.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型属于建筑节能技术领域，具体涉及一种可强化室内自然通风效果的复合通风系统。The utility model belongs to the technical field of building energy conservation, and in particular relates to a composite ventilation system capable of strengthening indoor natural ventilation effects.
背景技术Background technique
随着经济社会的发展，能源短缺问题越来越严重，“绿色建筑”日益受到人们的关注和重视。所谓“绿色建筑”是指室内布置合理，对环境无害，能充分利用自然环境和自然资源，不破坏环境基本生态平衡条件下建造的一种建筑。利用自然通风和太阳能是其重要手段，但自然通风的效果易受室外气象条件和建筑结构的影响，其夏季降温和冬季保暖能力很不稳定。With the development of economy and society, the problem of energy shortage is becoming more and more serious, and "green building" has been paid more and more attention by people. The so-called "green building" refers to a kind of building built under the conditions of reasonable indoor layout, harmless to the environment, making full use of the natural environment and natural resources, and not destroying the basic ecological balance of the environment. The use of natural ventilation and solar energy is an important means, but the effect of natural ventilation is easily affected by outdoor weather conditions and building structures, and its ability to cool down in summer and keep warm in winter is very unstable.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于针对夏热冬冷且阳光充足的地区，在太阳能烟囱的基础上，提供一种强化室内自然通风效果的复合通风系统。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a composite ventilation system that strengthens the indoor natural ventilation effect on the basis of solar chimneys for regions with hot summer and cold winter and sufficient sunlight.
本实用新型的目的是通过如下的技术方案来实现的：该强化室内自然通风效果的复合通风系统，它包括地下埋管冷却系统、建筑外墙太阳能烟囱及建筑顶部太阳能通风屋顶；所述地下埋管冷却系统包括埋设于地表下方恒温层的风管，风管一端与设置于地表的进风口及过滤器连通，风管另一端通过风机及静压箱与设置于每层楼下部的送风口连通；所述建筑外墙太阳能烟囱包括设置于建筑物南墙的夹层墙，夹层墙的外墙为透明玻璃盖板，夹层墙的内墙是混凝土墙外贴有吸热板，夹层墙中间为通风间层；透明玻璃盖板的上、下部分别设有可调风阀，第一层楼的夹层墙内墙的上、下部分别设有可旋转换向排风扇和可调风阀，第一层楼之上楼层的夹层墙内墙的上部设有可调风阀；所述建筑顶部太阳能通风屋顶包括锥形屋顶，锥形屋顶的四周及底部为夹层结构，锥形屋顶的顶部设有屋帽，锥形屋顶四周夹层结构的外层为透明玻璃盖板、内层为吸热板，锥形屋顶四周及底部夹层中间为通风间层；在屋帽下的两侧边各设有一个可调风阀，控制锥形屋顶通风间层与外界空气的交换；上层楼的楼顶设有一个可旋转换向排风扇和一个通风口，并与锥形屋顶通风间层连通。The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: the composite ventilation system for strengthening indoor natural ventilation effect, which includes an underground buried pipe cooling system, a solar chimney on the outer wall of a building and a solar ventilation roof on the top of a building; The pipe cooling system consists of an air pipe buried in the constant temperature layer below the ground surface. One end of the air pipe is connected to the air inlet and filter installed on the ground surface, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the air supply outlet installed on the lower part of each floor through a fan and a static pressure box. The solar chimney on the exterior wall of the building includes a sandwich wall arranged on the south wall of the building. The exterior wall of the sandwich wall is a transparent glass cover plate. Interlayer; the upper and lower parts of the transparent glass cover plate are respectively equipped with adjustable air valves, and the upper and lower parts of the inner wall of the mezzanine wall of the first floor are respectively equipped with rotatable and reversible exhaust fans and adjustable air valves. The upper part of the inner wall of the mezzanine wall on the upper floor is provided with an adjustable air valve; the solar ventilation roof at the top of the building includes a conical roof, the surrounding and bottom of the conical roof are sandwich structures, and the top of the conical roof is provided with a roof cap. The outer layer of the sandwich structure around the conical roof is a transparent glass cover, the inner layer is a heat-absorbing plate, and the surrounding layer of the conical roof and the middle of the bottom interlayer are ventilation interlayers; The valve controls the exchange between the conical roof ventilation interlayer and the outside air; the roof of the upper floor is equipped with a rotatable reversible exhaust fan and a ventilator, and communicates with the conical roof ventilation interlayer.
进一步，所述屋帽之下的锥形屋顶顶部设有两层顶板，两层顶板之间的两侧吸热板为活动盖板，当其翻转上去后，即可阻断屋帽两侧边通道与所述锥形屋顶通风间层的连通。Further, the top of the conical roof under the roof is provided with two layers of roofs, and the heat absorbing plates on both sides between the two roofs are movable cover plates, which can block the two sides of the roof when they are turned upside down. The channel communicates with the ventilated interlayer of the conical roof.
本实用新型利用地下埋管冷却技术，在地表下方的恒温层埋设风管，室外新风经过进风口、地下埋管(地层对风流降温)、风机和出风口组成的新风系统进入建筑室内，在夏季可实现室内降温。在建筑的外围设置太阳能烟囱，利用透过透明玻璃盖板的太阳辐射热增加烟囱内外温差从而增加自然通风空气流动的浮力和热压，利用烟囱效应的抽吸作用使地下埋管中的冷空气从建筑物下部进入，吸收建筑物内的热后变成热空气，热空气从建筑物上部排出，在建筑物内形成空气流动(自然通风)，增加了室内通风量，改善了通风效果。在建筑顶部设置太阳能通风屋顶，冬季关闭其中设有的风阀，让通风间层成为一个温室，通过太阳辐射得热来加热室内空气；夏季打开风阀，通过热压和风压作用，将室内的热空气通过空气间层带出室外，起到通风降温作用。The utility model utilizes the underground buried pipe cooling technology, and the air pipe is buried in the constant temperature layer below the ground surface, and the outdoor fresh air enters the building through the fresh air system composed of the air inlet, the underground pipe (the stratum cools the air flow), the fan and the air outlet. It can realize indoor cooling. Solar chimneys are installed on the periphery of the building to increase the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the chimney by using the solar radiant heat through the transparent glass cover to increase the buoyancy and thermal pressure of the natural ventilation air flow. It enters from the lower part of the building, absorbs the heat in the building and becomes hot air, and the hot air is discharged from the upper part of the building to form air flow (natural ventilation) in the building, increasing the indoor ventilation and improving the ventilation effect. Install a solar ventilated roof on the top of the building, close the air valve in it in winter, let the ventilation interlayer become a greenhouse, heat the indoor air through solar radiation heat; open the air valve in summer, through the action of heat and wind pressure, the indoor The hot air is taken out of the room through the air interlayer to play the role of ventilation and cooling.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型实施例的系统结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the embodiment of the utility model.
图2是本实用新型实施例的屋顶结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the roof structure of the utility model embodiment.
图3是本实用新型实施例夏季系统工作原理示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the summer system of the embodiment of the utility model.
图4是本实用新型实施例冬季系统工作原理示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the winter system of the embodiment of the utility model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本实用新型作进一步详细的描述。Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described in further detail.
参见图1，本实施例包括地下埋管冷却系统、建筑外墙太阳能烟囱及建筑顶部太阳能通风屋顶；从图中可见，本实施例的建筑物为两层楼房。地下埋管冷却系统包括埋设于地表下方恒温层的风管13，风管13一端与设置于地表的进风口及过滤器12连通，风管13另一端通过风机14及静压箱15与设置于一楼和二楼下部的送风口9和送风口8连通；地面之上的送风管13采用保温材料16制成。建筑外墙太阳能烟囱包括设置于建筑物南墙的夹层墙，夹层墙的外墙为透明玻璃盖板17，夹层墙的内墙是混凝土墙外贴有吸热板18，透明玻璃盖板17与吸热板18之间为通风间层；透明玻璃盖板17的上、下部分别设有可调风阀2和可调风阀1，一楼的夹层墙内墙的上、下部分别设有可旋转换向排风扇4和可调风阀3，二楼的夹层墙内墙的上部设有可调风阀5。建筑顶部太阳能通风屋顶包括锥形屋顶，锥形屋顶的四周及底部为夹层结构，锥形屋顶的顶部设有屋帽19，锥形屋顶四周夹层结构的外层为透明玻璃盖板20、内层为吸热板21，锥形屋顶四周及底部夹层中间为通风间层；在屋帽下的两侧边各设有一个可调风阀10和可调风阀11，控制锥形屋顶通风间层与外界空气的交换；二楼的楼顶设有一个可旋转换向排风扇6和一个通风口7，并与锥形屋顶通风间层连通。Referring to Fig. 1, the present embodiment comprises underground buried pipe cooling system, building external wall solar chimney and building top solar ventilation roof; As can be seen from the figure, the building of present embodiment is a two-story building. The underground pipe cooling system includes an air duct 13 buried in the constant temperature layer below the surface. One end of the air duct 13 communicates with the air inlet and the filter 12 arranged on the ground surface. The air supply port 9 on the lower part of the first floor and the second floor communicates with the air supply port 8; the air supply pipe 13 above the ground is made of thermal insulation material 16. The building exterior solar chimney comprises a sandwich wall arranged on the south wall of the building. The exterior wall of the sandwich wall is a transparent glass cover plate 17. The interior wall of the sandwich wall is a concrete wall with a heat-absorbing plate 18 attached to the outside. The transparent glass cover plate 17 and Between the heat-absorbing plates 18 is a ventilation interlayer; the upper and lower parts of the transparent glass cover plate 17 are respectively provided with an adjustable air valve 2 and an adjustable air valve 1, and the upper and lower parts of the inner wall of the interlayer wall on the first floor are respectively provided with adjustable air valves. Rotate reversing exhaust fan 4 and adjustable air valve 3, the top of the interlayer wall inner wall on the second floor is provided with adjustable air valve 5. The solar ventilated roof at the top of the building comprises a conical roof, the surrounding and bottom of the conical roof are sandwich structures, the top of the conical roof is provided with a roof cap 19, the outer layer of the sandwich structure around the conical roof is a transparent glass cover plate 20, It is a heat absorbing plate 21, and the surrounding of the conical roof and the middle of the bottom interlayer are ventilation interlayers; an adjustable air valve 10 and an adjustable air valve 11 are respectively provided on both sides under the roof cap to control the ventilation interlayer of the conical roof. Exchange with the outside air; the roof of the second floor is provided with a rotatable reversing exhaust fan 6 and an air vent 7, and is communicated with the ventilating interlayer of the conical roof.
参见图2，屋帽19之下的锥形屋顶顶部设有两层顶板，即顶板22和顶板23，两层顶板之间的两侧吸热板为活动盖板24和活动盖板25，当其翻转上去后，即可阻断屋帽两侧边通道与所述锥形屋顶通风间层的连通。Referring to Fig. 2, the top of the conical roof under the roof cap 19 is provided with two layers of top plates, i.e. top plate 22 and top plate 23, and the heat absorbing plates on both sides between the two layers of top plates are movable cover plates 24 and movable cover plates 25, when After it is flipped up, it can block the communication between the two side channels of the roof cap and the ventilating interlayer of the conical roof.
参见图3，夏季时，将可调风阀1、2、10、11打开，可调风阀3、5保持关闭，将可旋转换向排风扇4、6调为向室外排风。由于建筑坐北朝南，其受热面主要在南墙，附着在南墙的吸热板吸热后使得由透明玻璃盖板和吸热板形成的通风间层中的空气温度升高，密度减少，从而向上流动，促使室外空气从可调风阀1处进入，受热向上流动，再从可调风阀2排出，形成一个循环。有效降低南墙温度，减少墙体冷负荷。另一方面，风机14工作，室外空气经进风口及过滤器12过滤净化后进入地下风管13，通过管壁与土壤进行换热，被地下土壤降温后，再经送风口9和送风口8分别送至一楼和二楼，被室内热源加热后向上流动，由可旋转换向排风扇4、6及通风口7排至室外。太阳能屋顶通风间层中的空气在太阳光辐射作用的直接加热和吸热板吸热再加热后，向上流动，经可调风阀10、11排出室外。Referring to Fig. 3, during summer, the adjustable dampers 1, 2, 10, 11 are opened, the adjustable dampers 3, 5 are kept closed, and the rotatable reversing exhaust fans 4, 6 are transferred to the outdoor exhaust. Since the building faces south, its heating surface is mainly on the south wall, and the heat absorbing plate attached to the south wall absorbs heat, which makes the temperature of the air in the ventilation interlayer formed by the transparent glass cover plate and the heat absorbing plate increase and the density decrease. Thereby, the upward flow causes outdoor air to enter from the adjustable air valve 1, to flow upward after being heated, and then to be discharged from the adjustable air valve 2, forming a cycle. Effectively reduce the temperature of the south wall and reduce the cooling load of the wall. On the other hand, the fan 14 works, and the outdoor air enters the underground air pipe 13 after being filtered and purified by the air inlet and the filter 12, exchanges heat with the soil through the pipe wall, and is cooled by the underground soil, and then passes through the air supply port 9 and the air supply port 8 They are sent to the first floor and the second floor respectively, and flow upward after being heated by the indoor heat source, and are exhausted to the outside by the rotatable reversing exhaust fans 4, 6 and the vent 7. The air in the ventilation interlayer of the solar roof flows upwards after the direct heating of the solar radiation effect and the heat absorption and reheating of the heat absorbing plate, and is discharged outside through the adjustable air valves 10,11.
参见图4，冬季时，将可调风阀3、5打开，可调风阀1、2、10、11关闭，将可旋转换向排风扇4、6调为向室内送风，并将屋顶靠上部分的活动盖板24和活动盖板25向上翻起，封闭气流出口，使整个通风空调系统封闭。南墙处通风间层内的空气受到太阳光辐射作用的直接加热和吸热板吸热再加热后，向上流动，使得一楼中的空气从可调风阀3进入通风间层，加热后向上流动，经可调风阀5送至二楼，部分热空气由可旋转换向排风扇4再次送至一楼，如此循环。此时屋顶通风间层的出口已封闭，整个通风间层中的空气受热后，在可旋转换向排风扇6的作用下被送至二楼室内，再经通风口7进入屋顶进行再次加热，如此循环。夏季时的双向流动变成了单向循环。Referring to Fig. 4, during winter, the adjustable air valves 3, 5 are opened, the adjustable air valves 1, 2, 10, 11 are closed, the rotatable and reversible exhaust fans 4, 6 are adjusted to deliver air indoors, and the roof is placed against the roof. The movable cover plate 24 and the movable cover plate 25 of the upper part are turned up, and the airflow outlet is closed, so that the whole ventilation and air-conditioning system is closed. The air in the ventilation compartment at the south wall is directly heated by solar radiation and reheated by the heat-absorbing plate, and then flows upwards, so that the air in the first floor enters the ventilation compartment from the adjustable damper 3 and is heated upwards. The flow is sent to the second floor through the adjustable air valve 5, and part of the hot air is sent to the first floor again by the rotatable reversing exhaust fan 4, and the cycle is like this. At this time, the outlet of the roof ventilation interlayer has been closed. After the air in the entire ventilation interlayer is heated, it is sent to the room on the second floor under the action of the rotatable reversing exhaust fan 6, and then enters the roof through the vent 7 for reheating. cycle. The two-way flow in summer becomes a one-way circulation.
参见图2，在靠近屋顶顶部设置了两块可活动的吸热板，即活动盖板24和活动盖板25。夏季向下放置，使通风间层开放，加快气流流动，经可调风阀10、11出风口排除室外，强化通风降温效果；冬季向上翻起，封闭通风间层出风口，使得通风间层中的空气形成一个循环，反复加热，再由可旋转换向排风扇6送入室内，强化供暖保温效果。Referring to Fig. 2, two movable heat-absorbing panels, i.e. a movable cover 24 and a movable cover 25, are arranged near the top of the roof. Place it downwards in summer to open the ventilating interlayer, speed up the air flow, and discharge the air through the air outlets of the adjustable air valves 10 and 11 to enhance the ventilation and cooling effect; turn it up in winter to close the air outlet of the ventilating interlayer, so that the air in the ventilating interlayer The air forms a cycle, is heated repeatedly, and then sent into the room by the rotatable reversing exhaust fan 6, so as to strengthen the heating and heat preservation effect.
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