CN109511296B - Accurate water supplementing subsoiler and water supplementing method thereof - Google Patents
Accurate water supplementing subsoiler and water supplementing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109511296B CN109511296B CN201811549834.2A CN201811549834A CN109511296B CN 109511296 B CN109511296 B CN 109511296B CN 201811549834 A CN201811549834 A CN 201811549834A CN 109511296 B CN109511296 B CN 109511296B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 216
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001233061 earthworms Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
Abstract
The invention discloses a precise water supplementing subsoiler and a water supplementing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural machinery; the soil deep scarification machine is used for carrying a water supplementing system and a soil humidity detection device, and supplementing water is carried out when the soil is subjected to deep scarification operation; firstly, the soil humidity condition of a plough bottom layer is rapidly, conveniently and accurately detected through a soil humidity detection device arranged at the lower end of the subsoiler, and then a control unit is used for controlling a water supplementing system to accurately supplement water according to a preset water supplementing program; in addition, the water is atomized and sprayed on the soil smashed by the plow layer through the atomizing nozzle, and the water is supplied while loosening the soil, so that uniform water supply is realized; the water supplementing effect is better, and meanwhile, the waste of water resources is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a precise water supplementing subsoiler and a water supplementing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.
Background
In agricultural production, in order to obtain high yield and high harvest of grains, not only good seeds, enough fertilizers and means for controlling plant diseases and insect pests are needed, but also advanced and applicable mechanized technologies are needed to be used as supports;
the mechanical subsoiling technique means a mechanized technique for completing farmland subsoiling operation by matching different power machines with corresponding subsoiling machines; the purpose of mechanical deep scarification is to loosen soil, break the plow bottom layer, enhance the infiltration speed and quantity of rainwater, reduce runoff and reduce the evaporation loss of water; the soil realizes mechanical deep scarification, is actually a technical revolution in the agricultural cultivation field, and is becoming an advanced technical cultivation system which is most effective in increasing grain yield and is recognized and accepted by people;
agricultural production facts tell us that one of the most important factors restricting grain yield is soil quality; according to investigation, in the past 30 years, most of the land in China is mainly cultivated in the traditional cultivation mode, namely, small farm tools are operated, cultivation is carried out continuously, the soil cultivation layer is only about 12-15 cm, the soil is seriously hardened, the resistance is continuously increased, the soil of the plough bottom layer becomes hard and brittle, the plough bottom layer is cracked in large blocks after a spade is moved down, meanwhile, the thick and hard plough bottom layer also prevents water vapor from penetrating up and down and natural precipitation from being stored, the small farm tools are operated continuously, a great amount of earthworms and other organisms in the soil are reduced, the capillary of the soil is damaged, the nutrient conveying capacity of the soil is damaged, and the water, fertilizer, gas and heat requirements of normal growth of plants are difficult to maintain; as shown in fig. 1, a schematic view of the soil structure is shown; according to the measurement, the small four-wheel mechanical stubble cleaning has the tillage depth of 6-10cm, and the multifunctional compound soil preparation machine has the tillage depth of only 12-16cm; the drought phenomenon of the soil is aggravated year by year, the crops can only grow in the space with a narrow interlayer, the root system development has no space, the nutrient is not absorbed, and the poor growth of the crops and the insufficient wind resistance, drought resistance and disease resistance are caused; soil hardening, the root system of crops cannot be deeply pricked, so that the quality of cultivated land is reduced, and the soil hardening becomes a basic obstacle factor for improving the comprehensive production capacity of agriculture. In order to improve the production capacity of the land, the water supplementing and the nourishing repair of the plow bottom layer are urgently needed, and water resources are preferably prevented from being wasted while the water supplementing effect is better realized according to the water demand of the plow bottom layer and the water is uniformly and accurately supplemented.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a precise water supplementing subsoiler and a water supplementing method thereof, and aims to solve the problems, and the subsoiler is used for carrying a water supplementing system and a soil humidity detection device to carry out subsoiling operation on the land and water supplementing operation at the same time; firstly, the soil humidity condition of a plough bottom layer is rapidly, conveniently and accurately detected through a soil humidity detection device arranged at the lower end of the subsoiler, and then a control unit is used for controlling a water supplementing system to accurately supplement water according to a preset water supplementing program; in addition, the water is atomized and sprayed on the soil smashed by the plow layer through the atomizing nozzle, and the water is supplied while loosening the soil, so that uniform water supply is realized; the water supplementing effect is better, and meanwhile, the waste of water resources is avoided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides an accurate moisturizing subsoiler, includes frame, depth limiting wheel, splayed support, splayed diagonal draw bar, subsoiler mount pad, soil moisture detection device, moisturizing system, control unit, its characterized in that:
the machine frame is of a dish-shaped symmetrical frame structure and comprises two parallel cross beams and four parallel longitudinal beams, wherein the cross beams are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams, and the middle two longitudinal beams are connected through a connecting cross bar to form a concave groove with a hollow bottom at intervals; the two longitudinal beams on the outer side are provided with adjustable depth wheels; two first connecting seats are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the beam with the shorter front side, two second connecting seats are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the beam with the longer rear end, and the second connecting seats are arranged on the outer sides of the first connecting seats; the splayed bracket is vertically arranged in the middle of the beam with the shorter front side, two free ends at the bottom are respectively connected with the first connecting seats through bolts, the third first connecting seat is arranged at the top, and the first connecting seats are distributed in an isosceles triangle;
the two splayed diagonal draw bars are arranged, the rear ends of the two splayed diagonal draw bars are fixed on the second connecting seat through bolts, and the front ends of the two splayed diagonal draw bars are fixed on the first connecting seat arranged at the top of the splayed bracket through bolts; subsoilers are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear cross beams in a left-right direction and are uniformly distributed along the left-right direction; the subsoiler mounting seat is mounted on the cross beam; the upper end of the subsoiler is mounted on the subsoiler mounting seat through a bolt;
the subsoiler comprises an arc-shaped shovel handle, a shovel blade, a soil separating blade and an atomizing nozzle, wherein the lower part of the arc-shaped shovel handle is bent forwards; the front of the lower end of the shovel handle is provided with a shovel blade, the shovel blade exceeds the shovel handle, the front center is provided with a soil dividing blade, and the lower end of the soil dividing blade extends to the shovel blade; the front part of the shovel handle is wide, the rear part of the shovel handle is narrow, bolt holes are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the upper end of the shovel handle, a water through cavity is formed in the shovel handle, a connecting pipe is arranged on the top surface of the shovel handle and communicated with the water through cavity, a plurality of rows of spray holes are uniformly arranged on the arc-shaped curved surface of the lower part of the shovel handle at intervals from top to bottom along the curved arc line of the shovel handle, the spray holes are communicated with the water through cavity and the outside, and the spray holes face to the rear; the lower end of the shovel handle is provided with a humidity detection cavity, and a soil humidity detection device is arranged in the humidity detection cavity; the atomizing nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the spray hole;
the soil humidity detection device comprises an electric telescopic rod and a soil humidity sensor; the detection end of the soil humidity sensor is arranged at the top end of the electric telescopic rod, the sensor inlet and outlet are arranged on the lower surface of the humidity detection cavity, and the electric telescopic rod drives the soil humidity sensor to extend out of the humidity detection cavity or retract into the humidity detection cavity; the connecting circuit of the electric telescopic rod and the soil humidity sensor passes through a threading pipeline arranged in the subsoiler and penetrates out of the top surface of the shovel handle;
the water replenishing system comprises a water tank, a main water supply pipe, a water diversion pipe, a pipe clamp, a water pump, a flow detection device, a liquid level sensor and a storage battery; the water tank is fixedly arranged in a concave groove in the center of the frame, the top surface is provided with a water inlet, the bottom surface is provided with a water outlet, the bottom surface of the water tank is also provided with a clamping seat, and the clamping seat is clamped on the connecting cross rod and is fixed through bolts; one end of the water supply main pipe extends into the water tank, is close to the bottom surface of the water tank, and is sequentially connected with the water pump and the water diversion pipe after the other end extends out of the water tank, and the water diversion pipe is distributed along the rack and is connected with a connecting pipe on the top surface of the subsoiler; the pipe clamps are arranged on the frame at intervals, and the water diversion pipe is fixed; the water inlet end of the water diversion pipe is provided with a flow detection device; a liquid level sensor is also arranged in the water tank; the bottom surfaces of the water pump and the storage battery are provided with clamping seats, and the clamping seats are clamped on the connecting cross rod and fixed through bolts; the storage battery is connected with electric equipment through a power supply line;
the control unit is connected with the water pump, the flow detection device, the liquid level sensor, the electric telescopic rod and the soil humidity sensor through cables.
Preferably, the subsoilers are four, the front cross beam and the rear cross beam are two, the two subsoilers at the rear side are positioned at the outer sides of the two subsoilers at the front side, and the four subsoilers are uniformly distributed along the left-right direction.
Preferably, the water supply main pipe is further provided with a filtering device, a filtering component for filtering water is arranged in the filtering device, and a slag discharging valve for filtering slag release is arranged at the bottom of the filtering device.
Preferably, the water tank is also internally provided with an anti-shaking device, and the anti-shaking device comprises a rotating shaft, a bearing, a bracket, an impeller, an annular spring and a pressure rod; the rotary shaft is vertically arranged in the water tank, the upper end of the rotary shaft is fixed on the water tank through a bearing, the lower end of the rotary shaft passes through the bracket to be suspended in the water tank, the impeller is arranged on the rotary shaft, a spring mounting cavity is arranged at the upper end of the rotary shaft and below the bearing, an annular spring is fixedly arranged in the spring mounting cavity, a pressure rod horizontally arranged passes through the rotary shaft, and two ends of the pressure rod are pressed on the annular spring.
Preferably, the control unit adopts an LM393 singlechip integrated controller, and comprises a humidity detection circuit and a water pump control circuit electrically connected with the humidity detection circuit; the humidity detection circuit is used for detecting the humidity condition of the soil, and the water pump is controlled to irrigate or is closed to stop irrigating through the water pump control circuit.
Preferably, the subsoiler is matched with a high-horsepower tractor.
Preferably, at least one soil moisture detecting device is provided, and each soil moisture detecting device is independently controlled.
Preferably, 1 soil humidity detection device is arranged on each subsoiler.
Preferably, the sensor inlet and outlet is provided with a cover which can be jacked up, hinged at the sensor inlet and outlet and automatically covers the sensor inlet and outlet.
The water replenishing method of the accurate water replenishing subsoiler is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, water or water fertilizer is contained in a water tank, after a subsoiler is inserted into a plough bottom layer to walk for a small distance, the electric telescopic rod is controlled to stretch through a control unit, the detection end of a soil humidity sensor extends out from an inlet and an outlet of the sensor and is pricked into soil loosened by a shovel blade, and the soil humidity sensor detects the humidity value of the soil of the plough bottom layer and transmits the humidity value to the control unit; after the detection is finished, the control unit controls the electric telescopic rod to shorten, and the soil humidity sensor is retracted into the humidity detection cavity;
step two, the control unit compares the humidity value with a preset humidity range;
when the humidity value is lower than the lower end value of the preset humidity range, controlling the water pump to irrigate by the water pump control circuit;
when the humidity value is in the upper and lower end value ranges of the preset humidity range, the control unit keeps the previous action unchanged;
when the humidity value is higher than the upper end value of the preset humidity range, the water pump is controlled to be closed by the water pump control circuit, and irrigation and fertilization are stopped;
a piece of land can be detected only once and then subjected to deep loosening and water supplementing, and different areas can be divided for detection respectively, so that water supplementing is controlled respectively.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the soil deep scarification machine is used for carrying a water supplementing system and a soil humidity detection device, and supplementing water is carried out when the soil is subjected to deep scarification operation; firstly, the soil humidity condition of a plough bottom layer is rapidly, conveniently and accurately detected through a soil humidity detection device arranged at the lower end of the subsoiler, and then a control unit is used for controlling a water supplementing system to accurately supplement water according to a preset water supplementing program; in addition, the water is atomized and sprayed on the soil smashed by the plow layer through the atomizing nozzle, and the water is supplied while loosening the soil, so that uniform water supply is realized; the water supplementing effect is better, and meanwhile, the waste of water resources is avoided.
Furthermore, various devices are mounted on the subsoiler, so that the stability of the subsoiler during operation is improved, in the structural design, the symmetrical structure is adopted, the various devices are fixed in the center of the frame, and the splayed diagonal draw bars are arranged to improve the front-rear connection strength of the frame; the connecting pipelines are also reasonably arranged and fixed on the frame through pipe clamps.
Further, the soil humidity detection device is arranged at the lower end of the subsoiler, is positioned between the shovel blade and the spray hole, and is pricked into the plow layer along with the subsoiler, when the soil humidity detection device is not used, the soil humidity detection device is contained in the subsoiler, and the soil humidity detection device has two functions, namely, the soil humidity detection device is prevented from being damaged when the subsoiler is pricked into soil and walked; secondly, the soil humidity detection device is protected to reach the plough bottom layer, and the soil humidity of the plough bottom layer is accurately detected; the soil humidity detection device is positioned between the scraper knife and the spray hole, and the scraper knife breaks the soil of the plough bottom layer firstly, so that the soil humidity detection device positioned behind the scraper knife can be easily pricked into the soil of the plough bottom layer, and damage is avoided; meanwhile, the water spray nozzle is positioned in front of the spray hole, so that the influence of water spray is avoided; finally, the soil humidity condition of the plow bottom layer is rapidly, conveniently and accurately detected.
Further, the spray hole faces to the rear, and the atomizing nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the spray hole; the soil of the plough bottom layer which is smashed can be uniformly sprayed towards the rear, so that uniform water supplementing is realized.
Further, in order to prevent the water in the carried water tank from shaking during walking, thereby affecting the stable operation of the subsoiler, an anti-shaking device is also arranged in the water tank; specifically, the water pushes the impeller to rotate in the shaking process, the impeller drives the rotating shaft to rotate, the pressure rod at the upper end of the rotating shaft also rotates, and the pressure rod converts the rotation kinetic energy of the rotating shaft into the elastic potential energy of the annular spring; the impact force of water on the wall surface of the water tank is reduced.
Further, a filtering device is further arranged on the water supply main pipe, a filtering component for filtering water is arranged in the filtering device, and a slag discharging valve for filtering slag release is arranged at the bottom of the filtering device; the filtering device is used for protecting the pipeline from being unobstructed and avoiding the blockage of the atomizing nozzle.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a soil structure in the background of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front perspective view of the frame of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic bottom perspective view of the frame of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic front perspective view of the subsoiler of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a rear perspective view of the subsoiler of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic top perspective view of the subsoiler of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a view showing an internal structure of the subsoiler of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the humidity detecting chamber according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the water replenishment system of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a water replenishing system according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 is an internal cross-sectional view of the water tank of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the upper end connecting structure of the rotating shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a sectional view showing a structure of connecting the upper end of the rotary shaft according to the present invention.
Fig. 15 is a control block diagram of a control unit of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic circuit diagram of the water replenishing method of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a depth limiting wheel 2, a splayed bracket 3, a splayed diagonal draw bar 4, a subsoiler 5, a subsoiler mounting seat 6, a soil humidity detection device 7, a water supplementing system 8, a control unit 9, a filtering device 10, an anti-shaking device 11, a cross beam 1-1, a longitudinal beam 1-2, a connecting cross beam 1-3, a concave groove 1-4, a connecting seat 1-5, a connecting seat two 1-6, a shovel handle 5-1, a shovel blade 5-2, a soil dividing blade 5-3, an atomizing nozzle 5-4, an arc curved surface 5-5, bolt holes 5-6, a water through cavity 5-7, connecting pipes 5-8 and spray holes 5-9, the device comprises a humidity detection cavity 5-10, a threading pipeline 5-11, a cover 5-12, an electric telescopic rod 7-1, a soil humidity sensor 7-2, a sensor inlet and outlet 7-3, a water tank 8-1, a water supply main pipe 8-2, a water diversion pipe 8-3, a pipe clamp 8-4, a water pump 8-5, a flow detection device 8-6, a liquid level sensor 8-7, a storage battery 8-8, a water inlet 8-9, a water outlet 8-10, a clamping seat 8-11, a rotating shaft 11-1, a bearing 11-2, a bracket 11-3, an impeller 11-4, an annular spring 11-5, a pressure rod 11-6 and a spring mounting cavity 11-7.
Detailed Description
The foregoing aspects are further described in conjunction with the specific embodiments, which are to be understood as illustrating the invention and not as limiting the scope thereof.
The accurate water supplementing subsoiler comprises a frame 1, a depth limiting wheel 2, a splayed bracket 3, a splayed diagonal draw bar 4, a subsoiler 5, a subsoiler mounting seat 6, a soil humidity detection device 7, a water supplementing system 8 and a control unit 9;
the machine frame 1 is of a dish-shaped symmetrical frame structure and comprises two parallel cross beams 1-1 and four parallel longitudinal beams 1-2, wherein the cross beams 1-1 are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams 1-2, and the middle two longitudinal beams 1-2 are connected through a connecting cross beam 1-3 to form a concave groove 1-4 with hollow bottoms at intervals; the two longitudinal beams 1-2 on the outer side are provided with adjustable depth wheels 2; two connecting seats I1-5 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the beam with the shorter front side, two connecting seats II 1-6 are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the beam with the longer rear end, and the connecting seats II 1-6 are arranged outside the connecting seats I1-5; the splayed bracket 3 is vertically arranged in the middle of a beam with a shorter front side, two free ends at the bottom are respectively connected with two connecting seats I1-5 through bolts, a third connecting seat I1-5 is arranged at the top, and the three connecting seats I1-5 are distributed in an isosceles triangle;
the two splayed diagonal draw bars 4 are arranged, the rear ends of the two splayed diagonal draw bars are fixed on the second connecting seats 1-6 through bolts, and the front ends of the two splayed diagonal draw bars are fixed on the first connecting seats 1-5 arranged at the top of the splayed bracket 3 through bolts; subsoilers 5 are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear cross beams in a left-right direction, and the subsoilers 5 are uniformly distributed along the left-right direction; the subsoiler mounting seat 6 is mounted on the cross beam 1-1; the upper end of the subsoiler 5 is mounted on a subsoiler mounting seat 6 through a bolt;
the subsoiler 5 comprises an arc-shaped shovel handle 5-1, a shovel blade 5-2, a soil dividing blade 5-3 and an atomizing nozzle 5-4, wherein the lower part of the arc-shaped shovel handle is bent forwards; the front of the lower end of the shovel handle 5-1 is provided with a shovel blade 5-2, the shovel blade 5-2 exceeds the shovel handle 5-1, the front center is provided with a soil dividing blade 5-3, and the lower end of the soil dividing blade 5-3 extends to the shovel blade 5-2; the shovel handle 5-1 is wide in front and narrow in back, an arc-shaped curved surface 5-5 is arranged at the back, bolt holes 5-6 are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the upper end, a water through cavity 5-7 is formed in the inside, a connecting pipe 5-8 is arranged on the top surface of the shovel handle, the connecting pipe 5-8 is communicated with the water through cavity 5-7, a plurality of rows of spray holes 5-9 are uniformly arranged on the arc-shaped curved surface at the lower part of the shovel handle at intervals from top to bottom along an arc line bent by the shovel handle, the spray holes 5-9 are communicated with the water through cavity 5-7 and the outside, and the spray holes 5-9 face to the back; the lower end part of the shovel handle 5-1 is provided with a humidity detection cavity 5-10, and a soil humidity detection device 7 is arranged in the humidity detection cavity; the atomizing nozzle 5-4 is arranged at the outlet of the spray hole 5-9;
the soil humidity detection device 7 comprises an electric telescopic rod 7-1 and a soil humidity sensor 7-2; the detection end of the soil humidity sensor 7-2 is arranged at the top end of the electric telescopic rod 7-1, the sensor inlet and outlet 7-3 is arranged on the lower surface of the humidity detection cavity 5-10, and the electric telescopic rod 7-1 drives the soil humidity sensor 7-2 to extend out of the humidity detection cavity or retract into the humidity detection cavity; the connecting lines of the electric telescopic rod 7-1 and the soil humidity sensor 7-2 penetrate out of the top surface of the shovel handle through a threading pipeline 5-11 arranged in the subsoiler 5;
the water replenishing system 8 comprises a water tank 8-1, a water supply main pipe 8-2, a water diversion pipe 8-3, a pipe clamp 8-4, a water pump 8-5, a flow detection device 8-6, a liquid level sensor 8-7 and a storage battery 8-8; the water tank 8-1 is fixedly arranged in the concave groove 1-4 in the center of the frame 1, the top surface is provided with a water adding port 8-9, the bottom surface is provided with a water outlet 8-10, the bottom surface of the water tank is also provided with a clamping seat 8-11, and the clamping seat 8-11 is clamped on the connecting cross rod 1-3 and is fixed through bolts; one end of the water supply main pipe 8-2 extends into the water tank 8-1, is close to the bottom surface of the water tank, and is sequentially connected with the water pump 8-5 and the water diversion pipe 8-3 after the other end extends out of the water tank, and the water diversion pipe 8-3 is distributed along the frame 1 and is connected with the connecting pipe 5-8 on the top surface of the subsoiler 5; the pipe clamps 8-4 are arranged on the frame 1 at intervals, and the water diversion pipes 8-3 are fixed; the water inlet end of the water diversion pipe 8-3 is provided with a flow detection device 8-6; a liquid level sensor 8-7 is also arranged in the water tank 8-1; the bottom surfaces of the water pump 8-5 and the storage battery 8-8 are provided with clamping seats 8-11, and the clamping seats 8-11 are clamped on the connecting cross rod 1-3 and fixed through bolts; the storage battery 8-8 is connected with electric equipment through a power supply line;
the control unit 9 is connected with the water pump 8-5, the flow detection device 8-6, the liquid level sensor 8-7, the electric telescopic rod 7-1 and the soil humidity sensor 7-2 through cables;
the four subsoilers 5 are arranged, two front and rear cross beams 1-1 are respectively arranged, two subsoilers at the rear side are positioned at the outer sides of the two subsoilers at the front side, and the four subsoilers are uniformly distributed along the left-right direction;
the water supply main pipe 8-2 is also provided with a filter device 10, a filter assembly for filtering water is arranged in the filter device 10, and a slag discharge valve for filtering slag release is arranged at the bottom of the filter device;
the water tank 8-1 is internally provided with an anti-shaking device 11, and the anti-shaking device 11 comprises a rotating shaft 11-1, a bearing 11-2, a bracket 11-3, an impeller 11-4, an annular spring 11-5 and a pressure rod 11-6; the rotating shaft 11-1 is vertically arranged in the water tank 8-1, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixed on the water tank 8-1 through the bearing 11-2, the lower end of the rotating shaft passes through the bracket 11-3 to be suspended in the water tank, the impeller 11-4 is arranged on the rotating shaft 11-1, the spring mounting cavity 11-7 is arranged at the upper end of the rotating shaft 11-1 and below the bearing 11-2, the annular spring 11-5 is fixedly arranged in the spring mounting cavity 11-7, the horizontally arranged pressure rod 11-6 passes through the rotating shaft 11-1, and the two ends of the pressure rod are pressed on the annular spring 11-5;
the control unit 9 adopts an LM393 singlechip integrated controller and comprises a humidity detection circuit and a water pump control circuit electrically connected with the humidity detection circuit; the humidity detection circuit is used for detecting the humidity condition of the soil, and controlling the water pump to irrigate or to close to stop irrigating through the water pump control circuit;
the subsoiler is matched with a high-horsepower tractor for use; each subsoiler 5 is provided with 1 soil humidity detection device; the sensor inlet and outlet 7-3 is provided with a cover 5-12 which can be opened and hinged at the sensor inlet and outlet and automatically covers the sensor inlet and outlet, so as to protect the internal structure of the humidity detection cavity 5-10.
A water replenishing method of a precise water replenishing subsoiler comprises the following steps:
firstly, water or water fertilizer is contained in a water tank, after a subsoiler is inserted into a plough bottom layer to walk for a small distance, the electric telescopic rod is controlled to stretch through a control unit, the detection end of a soil humidity sensor extends out from an inlet and an outlet of the sensor and is pricked into soil loosened by a shovel blade, and the soil humidity sensor detects the humidity value of the soil of the plough bottom layer and transmits the humidity value to the control unit; after the detection is finished, the control unit controls the electric telescopic rod to shorten, and the soil humidity sensor is retracted into the humidity detection cavity;
step two, the control unit compares the humidity value with a preset humidity range;
when the humidity value is lower than the lower end value of the preset humidity range, controlling the water pump to irrigate by the water pump control circuit;
when the humidity value is in the upper and lower end value ranges of the preset humidity range, the control unit keeps the previous action unchanged;
when the humidity value is higher than the upper end value of the preset humidity range, the water pump is controlled to be closed by the water pump control circuit, and irrigation and fertilization are stopped;
a piece of land can be detected only once and then subjected to deep loosening and water supplementing, and different areas can be divided for detection respectively, so that water supplementing is controlled respectively.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing embodiments may be modified or practiced with equivalents to some of the features of the embodiments, and that any modifications, equivalents, improvements and substitutions made herein within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an accurate moisturizing subsoiler, includes frame, depth limiting wheel, splayed support, splayed diagonal draw bar, subsoiler mount pad, soil moisture detection device, moisturizing system, control unit, its characterized in that:
the machine frame is of a dish-shaped symmetrical frame structure and comprises two parallel cross beams and four parallel longitudinal beams, wherein the cross beams are perpendicular to the longitudinal beams, and the middle two longitudinal beams are connected through a connecting cross bar to form a concave groove with a hollow bottom at intervals; the two longitudinal beams on the outer side are provided with adjustable depth wheels; two first connecting seats are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the beam with the shorter front side, two second connecting seats are symmetrically arranged in the middle of the beam with the longer rear end, and the second connecting seats are arranged on the outer sides of the first connecting seats; the splayed bracket is vertically arranged in the middle of the beam with the shorter front side, two free ends at the bottom are respectively connected with the first connecting seats through bolts, the third first connecting seat is arranged at the top, and the first connecting seats are distributed in an isosceles triangle;
the two splayed diagonal draw bars are arranged, the rear ends of the two splayed diagonal draw bars are fixed on the second connecting seat through bolts, and the front ends of the two splayed diagonal draw bars are fixed on the first connecting seat arranged at the top of the splayed bracket through bolts; subsoilers are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear cross beams in a left-right direction and are uniformly distributed along the left-right direction; the subsoiler mounting seat is mounted on the cross beam; the upper end of the subsoiler is mounted on the subsoiler mounting seat through a bolt;
the subsoiler comprises an arc-shaped shovel handle, a shovel blade, a soil separating blade and an atomizing nozzle, wherein the lower part of the arc-shaped shovel handle is bent forwards; the front of the lower end of the shovel handle is provided with a shovel blade, the shovel blade exceeds the shovel handle, the front center is provided with a soil dividing blade, and the lower end of the soil dividing blade extends to the shovel blade; the front part of the shovel handle is wide, the rear part of the shovel handle is narrow, bolt holes are formed in the left side surface and the right side surface of the upper end of the shovel handle, a water through cavity is formed in the shovel handle, a connecting pipe is arranged on the top surface of the shovel handle and communicated with the water through cavity, a plurality of rows of spray holes are uniformly arranged on the arc-shaped curved surface of the lower part of the shovel handle at intervals from top to bottom along the curved arc line of the shovel handle, the spray holes are communicated with the water through cavity and the outside, and the spray holes face to the rear; the lower end of the shovel handle is provided with a humidity detection cavity, and a soil humidity detection device is arranged in the humidity detection cavity; the atomizing nozzle is arranged at the outlet of the spray hole;
the soil humidity detection device comprises an electric telescopic rod and a soil humidity sensor; the detection end of the soil humidity sensor is arranged at the top end of the electric telescopic rod, the sensor inlet and outlet are arranged on the lower surface of the humidity detection cavity, and the electric telescopic rod drives the soil humidity sensor to extend out of the humidity detection cavity or retract into the humidity detection cavity; the connecting circuit of the electric telescopic rod and the soil humidity sensor passes through a threading pipeline arranged in the subsoiler and penetrates out of the top surface of the shovel handle;
the water replenishing system comprises a water tank, a main water supply pipe, a water diversion pipe, a pipe clamp, a water pump, a flow detection device, a liquid level sensor and a storage battery; the water tank is fixedly arranged in a concave groove in the center of the frame, the top surface is provided with a water inlet, the bottom surface is provided with a water outlet, the bottom surface of the water tank is also provided with a clamping seat, and the clamping seat is clamped on the connecting cross rod and is fixed through bolts; one end of the water supply main pipe extends into the water tank, is close to the bottom surface of the water tank, and is sequentially connected with the water pump and the water diversion pipe after the other end extends out of the water tank, and the water diversion pipe is distributed along the rack and is connected with a connecting pipe on the top surface of the subsoiler; the pipe clamps are arranged on the frame at intervals, and the water diversion pipe is fixed; the water inlet end of the water diversion pipe is provided with a flow detection device; a liquid level sensor is also arranged in the water tank; the bottom surfaces of the water pump and the storage battery are provided with clamping seats, and the clamping seats are clamped on the connecting cross rod and fixed through bolts; the storage battery is connected with electric equipment through a power supply line;
the control unit is connected with the water pump, the flow detection device, the liquid level sensor, the electric telescopic rod and the soil humidity sensor through cables.
2. The precise water replenishing subsoiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: the subsoiler is provided with four subsoilers, the front cross beam and the rear cross beam are respectively provided with two subsoilers, the two subsoilers at the rear side are positioned at the outer sides of the two subsoilers at the front side, and the four subsoilers are uniformly distributed along the left-right direction.
3. The precise water replenishing subsoiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: the water supply main pipe is also provided with a filtering device, a filtering component for filtering water is arranged in the filtering device, and a slag discharging valve for filtering slag release is arranged at the bottom of the filtering device.
4. The precise water replenishing subsoiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: the water tank is internally provided with an anti-shaking device, and the anti-shaking device comprises a rotating shaft, a bearing, a bracket, an impeller, an annular spring and a pressure rod; the rotary shaft is vertically arranged in the water tank, the upper end of the rotary shaft is fixed on the water tank through a bearing, the lower end of the rotary shaft passes through the bracket to be suspended in the water tank, the impeller is arranged on the rotary shaft, a spring mounting cavity is arranged at the upper end of the rotary shaft and below the bearing, an annular spring is fixedly arranged in the spring mounting cavity, a pressure rod horizontally arranged passes through the rotary shaft, and two ends of the pressure rod are pressed on the annular spring.
5. The precise water replenishing subsoiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: the control unit adopts an LM393 singlechip integrated controller and comprises a humidity detection circuit and a water pump control circuit electrically connected with the humidity detection circuit; the humidity detection circuit is used for detecting the humidity condition of the soil, and the water pump is controlled to irrigate or is closed to stop irrigating through the water pump control circuit.
6. The precise water replenishing subsoiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: the subsoiler is matched with a high-horsepower tractor.
7. The precise water replenishing subsoiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: the soil humidity detection device is provided with at least one, and each soil humidity detection device is independently used for control.
8. The accurate water replenishing subsoiler of claim 7, wherein: each subsoiler is provided with 1 soil humidity detection device.
9. The precise water replenishing subsoiler as defined in claim 1, wherein: the sensor inlet and outlet is provided with a cover which can be jacked up, is hinged at the sensor inlet and outlet and automatically covers the sensor inlet and outlet.
10. The water replenishing method of the accurate water replenishing subsoiler is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, water or water fertilizer is contained in a water tank, after a subsoiler is inserted into a plough bottom layer to walk for a small distance, the electric telescopic rod is controlled to stretch through a control unit, the detection end of a soil humidity sensor extends out from an inlet and an outlet of the sensor and is pricked into soil loosened by a shovel blade, and the soil humidity sensor detects the humidity value of the soil of the plough bottom layer and transmits the humidity value to the control unit; after the detection is finished, the control unit controls the electric telescopic rod to shorten, and the soil humidity sensor is retracted into the humidity detection cavity;
step two, the control unit compares the humidity value with a preset humidity range;
when the humidity value is lower than the lower end value of the preset humidity range, controlling the water pump to irrigate by the water pump control circuit;
when the humidity value is in the upper and lower end value ranges of the preset humidity range, the control unit keeps the previous action unchanged;
when the humidity value is higher than the upper end value of the preset humidity range, the water pump is controlled to be closed by the water pump control circuit, and irrigation and fertilization are stopped;
a piece of land can be detected only once and then subjected to deep loosening and water supplementing, and different areas can be divided for detection respectively, so that water supplementing is controlled respectively.
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| CN201811549834.2A CN109511296B (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Accurate water supplementing subsoiler and water supplementing method thereof |
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| CN201811549834.2A CN109511296B (en) | 2018-12-18 | 2018-12-18 | Accurate water supplementing subsoiler and water supplementing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112369140A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-02-19 | 吉林大学 | Intelligent soil deep loosening device |
| CN112655294A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-04-16 | 山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心 | Soil moisture filling and soil preparation machine for dry-land corn |
| CN113597835A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-05 | 吉安职业技术学院 | Cotton field water-saving irrigation device based on singlechip |
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