CN109496494A - A method of preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae - Google Patents
A method of preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496494A CN109496494A CN201811567611.9A CN201811567611A CN109496494A CN 109496494 A CN109496494 A CN 109496494A CN 201811567611 A CN201811567611 A CN 201811567611A CN 109496494 A CN109496494 A CN 109496494A
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010068319 Oropharyngeal pain Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000131316 Panax pseudoginseng Species 0.000 description 1
- 201000007100 Pharyngitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001121987 Scrophularia ningpoensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000207844 Scrophulariaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006909 Tilia x europaea Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method for preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae, is related to radix scrophulariae raising technology field, and the method for the invention includes: that reed head or the propagation material with reed head 1) are separated from radix scrophulariae；2) it will be buried after reed head or propagation material disinfection with reed head with soil, obtain the seedling with adventitious bud；3) next year will carry out crop field cultivation to the seedling with adventitious bud, and harvest time obtains the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae.Propagation material of the present invention using reed head or with reed head carries out burial vernalization, and then obtains more sub- buds of radix scrophulariae, effectively overcomes the problem that current propagation material is single, breeding coefficient is low.Meanwhile the reed head that uses of the method for the invention or the propagation material with reed head carry out vernalization, the sub- bud production quantity of radix scrophulariae breeding can be improved in this mode and hereditary information for having not been changed radix scrophulariae, the Rapid Popularization for radix scrophulariae breeding provide basis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to radix scrophulariae raising technology field more particularly to a kind of method and its application for preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae.
Background technique
Radix scrophulariae is the dry root of scrophulariaceae radix scrophulariae Scrophularia ningpoensis, first recorded in " legendary god of farming's book on Chinese herbal medicine
Through ", be classified as middle product, be one of Chinese tradition conventional Chinese medicine, tool nourishing yin and lessening fire, moisturize promote the production of body fluid, the function for relieving sore-throat of detoxifying.
Radix scrophulariae can be bred with sub- bud, seed, plant division, cuttage etc..Radix scrophulariae production at present is mainly carried out with sub- bud asexual numerous
It grows, seldom uses other propagation materials.In radix scrophulariae harvest, the sub- bud of disease-free, healthy and strong, white, long 3~4cm is selected, from reed head
On leave and make propagation material.South uses winter kind, and in 12 months, January in the last ten-days period to next year goes up, the middle ten days plants.By line-spacing 40-
50cm, spacing in the rows 34-40cm open cave, cave depth 8-10cm, and sub- bud 1 is put in every cave, and bud is upward.The north is based on sowing in spring, in late Febuary
It is planted to early April, method is identical as winter kind.
However the sub- bud limited amount of radix scrophulariae, generally at more than ten or so, after breeding radix scrophulariae breeding, due to corresponding
There is a serious shortage of can not meet the requirement of rapid expansion radix scrophulariae cultivation, breeding coefficient is extremely low, it is difficult to expand rapidly to multiplication technique
Group causes the popularization and application of breeding limited.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides one for the defect for overcoming existing radix scrophulariae breeding Shi Ziya negligible amounts, propagation material single
The method that kind prepares the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae, effectively increases sub- bud source, is conducive to quickening radix scrophulariae and expands numerous, the hair of propulsion radix scrophulariae industry
Exhibition.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention the following technical schemes are provided:
The present invention provides a kind of methods for preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae, comprising the following steps:
1) reed head or the propagation material with reed head are separated from radix scrophulariae；
2) 100~130d will be buried with soil after reed head or propagation material disinfection with reed head, obtained with adventitious bud
Seedling；
3) March in next year will carry out crop field cultivation to the seedling with adventitious bud, and harvest time obtains the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae.
Preferably, in step 1), the reed head is the reed head after cutting, 15~20g of quality of reed head after the cutting.
Preferably, the propagation material with reed head is the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae with reed head, the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae
Quality is lower than 20g.
Preferably, reed head length is 0.5~1.0cm in the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae with reed head.
Preferably, the propagation material with reed head is the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae with reed head, the radix scrophulariae bulk
Quality >=20g of root；
The big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae with reed head, the length on the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae are 4~6cm, and reed head length is
0.5~1.0cm.
Preferably, the disinfection includes soaking disinfection and treatment of wounds, and disinfectant used in the soaking disinfection includes more
Bacterium spirit or thiophanate methyl, the treatment of wounds smear reed head or propagation material wound with reed head with plant ash.
It preferably, further include treating buried region disinfection in step 2), before being buried with soil.
Preferably, in step 2), the depth buried with soil is 10~15cm.
Preferably, in step 2), during the burial, soil moisture keeps holding the i.e. scattered state of agglomerating, release.
Preferably, in step 3), it includes planting seedlings that crop field, which is cultivated, stays seedling, ridging, weeding and fertilizing management.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention provides a kind of method for preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae, 1) reed head or the breeding with reed head are separated from radix scrophulariae
Material；2) it will be buried after reed head or propagation material disinfection with reed head with soil, obtain the seedling with adventitious bud；3) next year will
Crop field cultivation is carried out to the seedling with adventitious bud, harvest time obtains the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae.Radix scrophulariae production is mainly using sub- bud as asexual
Propagation material, a sub- bud can grow into one plant of radix scrophulariae plant, due to the sub- bud negligible amounts that radix scrophulariae plant generates, cannot achieve
Fast-propagation.Propagation material of the present invention using reed head or with reed head carries out burial vernalization, and then obtains more radix scrophulariae
Bud effectively overcomes the problem that current propagation material is single, breeding coefficient is low.The method of the invention is not limited to by profound
Ginseng plant directly obtains sub- bud, does not also need the complex steps such as tissue cultures.Experimental data of the invention shows using the present invention
74% sub- bud quantity can be improved relative to sub- bud is obtained on radix scrophulariae plant in the method.
Meanwhile the reed head of the method for the invention use or the propagation material with reed head carry out vernalization, this mode is simultaneously
The hereditary information of radix scrophulariae is had not been changed, the Rapid Popularization for radix scrophulariae breeding provides basis, and the sub- bud production number of radix scrophulariae breeding can be improved
Amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the picture of the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae；
Fig. 2 prepares the process pictorial diagram of the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae for the reed head after cutting；Wherein, left figure is the reed head after cutting, in
Figure is the seedling that cutting reed head grows up to, and right figure is the under ground portion excavated after cutting reed head crop field is cultivated；
Fig. 3 is the process pictorial diagram that the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae with reed head prepares the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae；Wherein, left figure is with reed head
The small root tuber of radix scrophulariae, middle figure be with reed head radix scrophulariae fritter root long at seedling, right figure be with reed head the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae
The under ground portion that crop field is excavated after cultivating；
Fig. 4 is the process pictorial diagram that the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae with reed head prepares the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae；Wherein, left figure be with
The big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae of reed head, middle figure are the seedling grown up to the big root tuber top of reed head radix scrophulariae, and right figure is with reed head
The under ground portion that radix scrophulariae big root tuber top crop field is excavated after cultivating.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of methods for preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae, comprising the following steps:
1) reed head or the propagation material with reed head are separated from radix scrophulariae；
2) it will be buried after reed head or propagation material disinfection with reed head with soil, obtain the seedling with adventitious bud；
3) next year will carry out crop field cultivation to the seedling with adventitious bud, and harvest time obtains the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae.
Radix scrophulariae plant is made of the strain leaf of aerial part and sub- bud, reed head and the root tuber of under ground portion.Sub- bud it is main it is raw
It is the asexual propagation material in radix scrophulariae production on reed head top.The sub- bud of radix scrophulariae as shown in Figure 1, outer image finger, excavation when
Sub- bud is pulled down or is cut from Lu Toushang by time.When excavation, as fruit bud bury it is not light-exposed in soil, then bulbil be white；If
Sub- bud, which bassets, has seen light, then bulbil is purple or green.
Reed head refers to the remaining rhizome convex portion in root class medicinal material place near the ground, is commonly called as reed head.The present invention selects reed head to make
It for propagation material, is buried after being sterilized, callus can be formed from wound under field conditions (factors), then differentiate adventitious bud,
And then forming complete plant, plant strain growth can be excavated when withered to ground, and sub- bud can be obtained in when excavation, to expand profound
Join the source of sub- bud.The present invention, cannot seedling without reed head studies have shown that in the field environment.Speculate point that can be reed head
Raw cell mobilization, differentiation capability is strong, can slowly form intact plant in the field environment.
In the present invention, the sub- bud quantity of radix scrophulariae that in order to further increase prepared by the method for the invention, it is of the present invention
Reed head is preferably the reed head after cutting, and quality is in 15~20g.The present invention is studies have shown that the mass range limited in the present invention
Reed head after interior cutting also has the function of growing sub- bud, thus those skilled in the art are preferably larger (extremely by quality
Few reed head in 30g or more) carries out cutting.
In the present invention, the length of reed head is far less than reed head in the propagation material with reed head, but because of reed head point
Raw cell mobilization, meristematic capacity is strong, also can mitogenetic formation full plants in the enough situations of nutrition.The weight of single plant reed head
It is limited, it is limited the number that progress cutting can separate；If the reed head quality of cutting is lower than 15g not because of nutrition
Foot, causes planting percent low.The present invention uses the root tuber with a small amount of reed head that can not only reduce the use of reed head as propagation material
Amount, additionally it is possible to meet required nutrition in its plumule emergence, to further increase the quantity of sub- bud.In addition, without the block of reed head
Root cannot be divided into plant in the field environment.
In the present invention, radix scrophulariae small root tuber of the propagation material with reed head preferably with reed head, the radix scrophulariae
The quality of small root tuber is lower than 20g；Preferably, the quality of the small root tuber of the radix scrophulariae is in 15~20g.In the present invention, described to have
In the small root tuber of reed head, the length of reed head is preferably 0.5~1.0cm.Due to quality lower than 20g small root tuber it is smaller, directly from
Radix scrophulariae small root tuber of the interception with reed head is conducive to provide battalion needed for plumule emergence with small root tuber as propagation material at reed head
It supports.
In the present invention, it is described with reed head propagation material preferably with reed head the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae, it is described
The length on the quality of the big root tuber of radix scrophulariae big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae in 20g or more, the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae with reed head
For 4~6cm；Preferably, in the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae with reed head, reed head length is 0.5~1.0cm.Due to radix scrophulariae
Big root tuber quality it is larger, respectively from Lu Touchu and the big root tuber of radix scrophulariae intercept total length be 4~6cm part, radix scrophulariae bulk
The remaining part of root is connect in the reservation big root tuber of part radix scrophulariae with reed head as medicinal material, the present invention, is conducive to provide seedling
Nutrition needed for process.
In the present invention, the method that reed head or the propagation material with reed head are separated from radix scrophulariae plant is preferably cutting,
Notch (wound) is formed at cutting, adventitious bud can be grown after sterilized and burial from incision, and then forms complete plant
Strain, plant strain growth can be excavated when withered to ground, and the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae can be obtained in when excavation.
In the present invention, it can choose individually using reed head or the propagation material with reed head is as the preparation source of sub- bud,
The two can also be combined.
After obtaining reed head or propagation material with reed head, it will be covered after reed head or propagation material disinfection with reed head with soil
It buries, obtains the seedling with adventitious bud.
In the present invention, the disinfection preferably includes soaking disinfection and treatment of wounds.The purpose that the present invention carries out disinfection
It is to prevent from rotting in the burial, infect.In the present invention, disinfectant used in the soaking disinfection preferably includes more bacterium
Spirit or thiophanate methyl, more preferably 40~60% carbendazol wettable powders or 50~80% thiophanate methyl wettable powders
700~1000 times of liquid.The present invention is in soaking disinfection by reed head or propagation material submergence and the disinfection with reed head
In agent；In the present invention, the soaking time is preferably 3~5min.In the present invention, the treatment of wounds is preferably with vegetation
Ash smears the reed head or the propagation material wound with reed head.
It in the present invention, preferably further include digging pit and treating buried region disinfection in described buried preceding with soil.In this hair
In bright, preferred selection drains good, loosing soil plot and is buried, and digs pit here.In tool of the invention
In body embodiment, the depth digged pit is 10~15cm, width is 30~40cm.It is currently preferred to use stone after digging pit
Ash treats buried region and carries out disinfection.
In the present invention, when the burial, between the reed after any two disinfection or the propagation material with reed head
Parallel spacing is preferably 2~3cm.
In the present invention, during the burial, soil moisture preferably keeps holding the i.e. scattered state of agglomerating, release.
Keep soil moisture wound can be promoted to grow adventitious bud.In the present invention, the time of the burial be preferably 100~
130d, more preferably 110~120d.During burial, reed head or the propagation material wound with reed head are initially formed and do not advise
Callus then, then it is divided into adventitious bud, and then form intact plant；Intact plant aerial part to be formed is adopted when withered
It receives, obtains sub- bud.Humidity appropriate facilitates the accumulation of callus fresh weight and the differentiation of adventitious bud and takes root.With bury the time without
It closes.
After obtaining the seedling with adventitious bud, the present invention will carry out crop field cultivation to the seedling with adventitious bud in next year,
Harvest time obtains the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae.
In the present invention, it includes planting seedlings that the crop field, which is cultivated preferably, stays seedling, ridging, weeding and fertilizing management.
Specifically, the currently preferred plant for sprouting adventitious bud in spring in next year carries out the planting seedlings；Field planting
Specification is preferred are as follows: spacing in the rows 50cm, 40~50cm of line-spacing, every cave is colonized 1 plant.
In the present invention, described that seedling is stayed preferably to cut off weak seedling in seedling stage in May, retain strong sprout 1~2.Due to every plant of plant
There are multiple adventitious buds in strain, each adventitious bud can seedling, thus trimmed, to prevent subalimentation.
In the present invention, the ridging preferably combines tillage and weeding, earths up 1 time July, 8~10cm of ridging height.
In the present invention, the weeding in entire growing season management, the same crop field of fertilizing management.
Using the method for the present invention for preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae, sub- bud can only be obtained from radix scrophulariae plant relative to conventional and
Speech, the acquisition quantity of sub- bud can be improved 74% or so, and breeding numerous for the expansion of radix scrophulariae, which expands to promote, to increase significantly.
Technical solution provided by the invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment, but they cannot be understood
For limiting the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Test site is located at the radix scrophulariae study base in Chongqing WuLong area, and 1350 meters of height above sea level, 15 DEG C~18 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year,
Soil types is yellow earth, 240~285d of frost-free period, 1000~1200mm of precipitation.The soil organism 2.84%, full nitrogen 0.2%,
Full phosphorus 0.016%, full potassium 13.36mgg-1, available nitrogen 131.9mgKg-1, rapid available phosphorus 9.01mgKg-1, available potassium
3.42mg·g-1, pH value 4.84.
Totally four kinds of propagation material: sub- bud, the reed head of cutting, the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae with reed head, the radix scrophulariae with reed head are big
Root tuber top.Zone leader 9.2m, wide 1.8m.Concrete operations are as follows:
Collect propagation material:
(1) sub- bud: sub- bud is cut with knife from radix scrophulariae plant；
(2) the reed head of cutting: being cut from Lu Toushang respectively by root tuber and sub- bud with knife from radix scrophulariae plant, obtain reed head,
And according to reed head size, cut as 15~20g/ parts as propagation material；
(3) it the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae with reed head: is cut with knife from Lu Toushang from radix scrophulariae plant, makes to weigh less than 20g's
Remain the reed head of 0.5~1.0cm in small root tuber；
(4) the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae with reed head: selection radix scrophulariae Plant weight only retains in the big root tuber of 20g or more
4~6cm of top that big root tuber is contacted with reed head retains 0.5~1.0cm of reed head as propagation material.
Disinfection: it is impregnated with 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder above-mentioned
Various propagation material 3-5min, pull draining out and dry.And notch is uniformly smeared with plant ash, it prevents infection of incisional wound, rot.
It concentrates to bury and promotees bud: digging the shallow hole of depth 10-15cm, width 30-40cm in the plot that draining is good, the soil is porous, and
The powder that limes carries out disinfection to shallow hole.3 kinds of propagation material single layers of collection are placed in shallow hole, 2- is spaced between propagation material
3cm.It is finally buried with soil covering, is kept for or so wet April, notch is promoted to grow adventitious bud.
Transplant planting: the next spring temperature gos up, and plane opens soil layer, and the seedling transplant planting of adventitious bud has been sprouted in selection,
It is colonized specification: spacing in the rows 50cm, line-spacing 40-50cm, every cave is colonized 1 plant.
Stay seedling: seedling stage in May cuts off weak seedling, retains strong sprout 1-2
Ridging: it in conjunction with tillage and weeding, earths up 1 time July, earth up height 8-10cm.
Weeding, fertilizing management: entire growth period, weeding, the same crop field of fertilizing management.
Actual measurement photo when above-mentioned each group is cultivated is as shown in figs. 2 to 4.
Harvest time measures the sub- bud quantity of single plant and sub- bud weight, calculates breeding coefficient.Test result is shown in Table 1: the cutting of reed head,
Small root tuber, the sub- bud number of this 3 kinds of every plant of propagation materials of big root tuber top, sub- bud gross weight difference are little, slightly below sub- bud breeding.
The sub- bud number of 1 different reproductive material single plant of table is compared with sub- bud gross weight
74% sub- bud quantity (table can be improved by the cutting of reed head, small root tuber, big these three propagation materials of root tuber top
2), achieved the purpose that improve fine breeding coefficient.
The reproductive number in first and second generation of 2 four kinds of propagation materials of table
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for preparing the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae, comprising the following steps:
1) reed head or the propagation material with reed head are separated from radix scrophulariae；
2) 100~130d will be buried with soil after reed head or propagation material disinfection with reed head, obtains the seedling with adventitious bud；
3) March in next year will carry out crop field cultivation to the seedling with adventitious bud, and harvest time obtains the sub- bud of radix scrophulariae.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the reed head is the reed head after cutting, described in step 1)
15~20g of quality of reed head after cutting.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the propagation material with reed head is with the profound of reed head
Join small root tuber, the quality of the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae is lower than 20g.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that, reed head length is in the small root tuber of radix scrophulariae with reed head
0.5~1.0cm.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the propagation material with reed head is with the profound of reed head
Join big root tuber top, quality >=20g of the big root tuber of radix scrophulariae；
The big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae with reed head, the length on the big root tuber top of radix scrophulariae are 4~6cm, reed head length is 0.5~
1.0cm。
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein it is described disinfection include soaking disinfection and treatment of wounds, it is described
Disinfectant used in soaking disinfection includes carbendazim or thiophanate methyl, the treatment of wounds with plant ash smear the reed head or
Propagation material wound with reed head.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein further including treating buried regions before being buried with soil in step 2)
Domain disinfection.
8. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the depth buried with soil is 10~
15cm。
9. method according to claim 1 or 8, which is characterized in that in step 2), during the burial, soil moisture is protected
It holds and holds the i.e. scattered state of agglomerating, release.
10. the method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3), crop field cultivate include planting seedlings, stay seedling,
Ridging, weeding and fertilizing management.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN112673826A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-20 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Seedling breeding method using dangshen reed heads |
| CN113943190A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-01-18 | 陕西师范大学 | Radix scrophulariae bud water-retention root-promotion probiotic powder |
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| CN112673826A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-20 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Seedling breeding method using dangshen reed heads |
| CN113943190A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-01-18 | 陕西师范大学 | Radix scrophulariae bud water-retention root-promotion probiotic powder |
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