CN109485904A - 用于成型机清理的组合物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- CN109485904A CN109485904A CN201811249129.0A CN201811249129A CN109485904A CN 109485904 A CN109485904 A CN 109485904A CN 201811249129 A CN201811249129 A CN 201811249129A CN 109485904 A CN109485904 A CN 109485904A
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- C08J9/236—Forming foamed products using binding agents
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0066—Use of inorganic compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/0085—Use of fibrous compounding ingredients
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种用于成型机清理的组合物,包含热塑性聚合物29.9‑99.9重量份,微球发泡剂0.1‑15重量份,可选组分0‑70重量份。微球发泡剂具有核壳结构,其中外壳材料为热塑性聚合物,内核材料受热后可以迅速膨胀,发泡后微球外壳不破裂,可以有效增大与成型机内壁及螺杆的摩擦,清洗效果优异,并且使用过程中环保无异味。本发明方法简单易行,通过加入热塑性聚合物、微球发泡剂等,制备具有一种清洗效果好、环保无异味的组合物,该组合物用于成型机清理领域,具有广泛的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子复合材料领域,涉及一种用于成型机清理的组合物,尤其涉及用于热塑性聚合物成型机清理的领域。
背景技术
热塑性聚合物在成型过程中需要使用挤出机、注塑机等成型机,由于应用领域不同,热塑性聚合物存在品种多、颜色多等情况,成型机在使用过程中需要频繁切换不同种类或颜色的热塑性聚合物,前次制备成型的热塑性聚合物会有部分物料和色粉残留在成型机螺杆等元件上,如果成型机不能被很好的清理干净,会影响后续制备生产。
已知常用的清理方法有以下三种:1、采用后续使用的热塑性聚合物进行冲洗置换,该方法需要消耗大量原料,造成成本增高,并且清理效果一般;2、拆卸成型机,对螺杆等元件进行擦拭清理,该方法费时费力,影响生产效率;3、目前常用方法是添加螺杆清洗材料进行冲洗,相关研究专利披露了很多清洗组合物的制备方法。
专利“用于聚合物机械的清洁组合物”(CN 101421084A),通过添加热塑性材料、交联剂、填料、起泡剂、润滑剂制备一种清洁组合物,该起泡剂为化学发泡剂,受热时产生二氧化碳,通过对组合物加压提高与聚合物残余物和内壁的接触,但化学发泡剂会产生较大的异味,不利于环保和现场作业人员的健康。
专利“洗涤剂组合物”(CN 1157281C)提到一种洗涤剂组合物,包括热塑性树脂、水、硅灰石,但水的加入会造成部分热塑性树脂降解,并且该组合物的水是通过将热塑性树脂放置较长时间吸附产生,使用效率低。
目前常见的用于成型机清理的清洗组合物是热塑性树脂与无机填料的组合,该组合物对螺杆清洗效果一般,需要较大的用量及较长的时间才能冲洗干净,影响生产效率,因此需要开发一种清洗效果优良的环保型组合物,以用于成型机清理领域!
发明内容
本发明内容针对设计一种用于成型机清理的组合物,本发明制备的用于成型机清理的组合物,通过在热塑性聚合物中添加可以膨胀发泡的微球发泡剂,有效提高了该组合物与螺杆的作用强度,清洁效果优异,并且该组合物清洗过程中环保无异味,拥有广阔的应用前景。
一种用于成型机清理的组合物,包括以下组分:
热塑性聚合物29.9-99.9重量份,
微球发泡剂0.1-15重量份,
选自无机填料、润滑剂、抗氧剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、交联剂中的一种或多种的可选组分0-70重量份,
所述微球发泡剂为核壳结构,壳体材料选自载荷50N,升温速度120℃/h条件下的维卡软化点为50-300℃的热塑性聚合物,占比10-90wt%,优选30-70wt%,内核材料选自常压下沸点50-300℃的碳氢化合物及其衍生物中的一种或多种,占比10-90wt%,优选30-70wt%,所述wt%以微球发泡剂的重量为基准计。壳体材料受热后发生软化,温度达到内核材料沸点后开始汽化,微球发泡剂起泡胀大,提高清洗效果。
优选地,本发明的组合物包括以下组分:
热塑性聚合物40-90重量份,
微球发泡剂0.2-10重量份,
可选组分5-50重量份。
更优选地,本发明的组合物包括以下组分:
热塑性聚合物50-80重量份,
微球发泡剂0.5-10重量份,
可选组分10-40重量份。
最优选地,本发明的组合物包括以下组分:
热塑性聚合物60-75重量份,
微球发泡剂1-5重量份,
可选组分20-35重量份。
其中,所述热塑性聚合物、微球发泡剂和可选组分共计为100重量份。
优选地,所述热塑性聚合物选自聚碳酸酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯共聚物等中的一种或几种组合,优选成型加工温度范围100-350℃,优选150-300℃。
本发明的微球发泡剂可以通过现有方法制备,也可以市购,以往用于树脂发泡,例如以牌号HC-100Y从日本高化学公司市购或以牌号Expancel 920DU120从阿克苏诺贝尔公司市购。
在所述的用于成型机清理的组合物中,所述可选组分包括无机填料、润滑剂、抗氧剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、交联剂等中的一种或多种混合物。
其中,所述无机填料粒径在0.2-200μm范围,种类选自硅藻土、硅灰石、硫酸钙、碳酸钙、氧化铝、二氧化硅、二氧化钛、氢氧化镁、氢氧化铝、硼酸锌、硫酸钡、陶瓷微珠、木粉、玻璃微珠、白云石、黏土、蒙脱土、滑石粉、高岭土、玻璃纤维、分子筛、凹凸棒等中的一种或多种的混合物。
其中,所述的润滑剂选自脂肪醇类、金属皂类、脂肪酸类、脂肪酸酯类、褐煤酸及其衍生物类、酰胺蜡类、饱和烃类、聚烯烃蜡及其衍生物类、有机硅及硅酮粉类、有机氟类等中的一种或几种。
其中,所述的抗氧剂选自受阻酚类、亚磷酸酯类、硫代酯类、苯并呋喃类、丙烯酰改性苯酚类、羟胺类中一种或两种或多种的结合。
其中,所述的增塑剂选自苯多羧酸酯、聚酯增塑剂、脂肪族二元羧酸酯、环氧增塑剂、对苯二甲酸酯、柠檬酸酯和多元醇酯中的一种或多种。
其中,所述的表面活性剂选自羧酸盐型、磺酸盐型、硫酸酯盐型、磷酸酯盐型、胺盐类、季铵盐型、卵磷脂类、氨基酸型、甜菜碱型、脂肪酸甘油酯型、多元醇型、聚氧乙烯型等中的一种或几种。
其中,所述的交联剂选自多异氰酸酯类、多元胺类、多元醇类、缩水甘油醚类、有机硅类、苯磺酸类、丙烯酸酯类、有机过氧化物类、金属有机化合物类、丙烯酸类、聚碳化二亚胺类等中的一种或几种。
本发明进一步提供了上述组合物应用于热塑性聚合物成型机清理的用途。
本发明还提供了所述的用于成型机清理的组合物的制备方法,例如可分为干混法和挤出法。其中干混法是将组合物在常温下通过混合设备直接混合而成,此方法具有普适性;挤出法是将热塑性聚合物、微球发泡剂等组分通过挤出造粒而成,此方法适用于热塑性聚合物成型加工温度低于微球发泡剂内核材料沸点的组合物。
本发明的优点在于:制备一种用于成型机清理的组合物,通过添加热塑性聚合物、微球发泡剂及可选其他组份,微球发泡剂受热后迅速膨胀,有效提高了该组合与成型机内壁及螺杆等的作用强度,清洁效果优异,并且该组合物清洗过程中环保无气味,本发明提供了该组合物的制备方法,制备方法简单易行,应用在成型机清理领域,拥有广阔的应用前景。
具体实施方式
通过参考本发明的以下详细说明和其中包括的实施例可以更容易理解本发明。应当指出的是,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
以下实施例及对比例所使用的原材料如下:
聚碳酸酯:光气法PC,牌号A1225,万华化学集团股份有限公司;
丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物:本体法ABS,牌号8434,上海高桥石化公司;
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯:高流动级PMMA,牌号CM-211,台湾奇美公司;
丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物:一般级SAN,牌号PN-128,镇江奇美公司;
聚丙烯:注塑级PP,牌号EPC30G,中国石化公司;
聚乙烯:注塑级PE,牌号1600H,中国石化公司;
微球发泡剂A:牌号HC-100Y,起始粒径20-30um,发泡温度150-270℃,日本高化学公司;
微球发泡剂B:牌号Expancel 920DU120,起始粒径28-38um,发泡温度150-220℃,阿克苏诺贝尔公司;
玻璃纤维:牌号510,中国巨石股份有限公司;
滑石粉:牌号MP10-52,美国特种矿物有限公司;
润滑剂:PETS,龙沙公司;
抗氧剂:Irganox 1010,巴斯夫公司;
炭黑:色素级炭黑,牌号600L,德固赛公司。
评价用于成型机清理的组合物作用效果,主要从清洁性和置换性两方面考察。其中清洁性的考察方法是,制备含有2%炭黑的ABS黑色材料,将2公斤黑色材料通过注塑机排净后,加入该组合物,目视排出物无黑点时,计算消耗该组合物的用量及用时,用量及用时越少说明该清洗组合物清洗效果越好。
置换性的考察方法是,目视排出物无黑点后,加入本色ABS材料对用于成型机清理的组合物进行置换处理,目视排出物无黑点时(即无残余组合物的影响),计算使用本色热塑性聚合物材料用量及所需时间,用量及用时越少说明该清洗组合物置换性越好。
实施例1
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚碳酸酯(PC):95份,微球发泡剂A:5份。
实施例2
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS):95份,微球发泡剂B:5份。
实施例3
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA):95份,微球发泡剂A:5份。
实施例4
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(SAN):95份,微球发泡剂A:5份。
实施例5
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚丙烯(PP):95份,微球发泡剂B:5份。
实施例6
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):95份,微球发泡剂B:5份。
实施例7
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):99.9份,微球发泡剂B:0.1份。
实施例8
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):29.9份,微球发泡剂B:0.1份,滑石粉:69.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
实施例9
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):70份,微球发泡剂B:5份,玻璃纤维:24.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
实施例10
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):70份,微球发泡剂B:1份,滑石粉:28.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
实施例11
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):65份,微球发泡剂B:15份,滑石粉:19.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
实施例12
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):70份,微球发泡剂A:5份,玻璃纤维:24.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
实施例13
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):70份,微球发泡剂B:5份,滑石粉:24.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
对比例1
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):70份,玻璃纤维:29.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
对比例2
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):70份,滑石粉:29.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。
对比例3
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:聚乙烯(PE):100份。
对比例4
用于成型机清理的组合物包括以下重量配比原料:丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS):70份,玻璃纤维:29.5份,润滑剂:0.5份。实施例及对比例性能表
对比实施例与对比例可知,添加微球发泡剂的用于成型机清理的组合物清洁效果优异,完成清洁所消耗组合物的量及所需时间较对比例减少50%以上,置换性也优于对比例,总切换过程所需消耗的清洗组合物及本色ABS总量大大减少,所需耗费的时间也明显缩短。因此,通过添加本发明的用于成型机清理的组合物,可以显著提高清洗效果,缩短切换时间,大大提高生产效率。并且该清洗组合物使用过程中环保无异味,为操作人员提供良好的工作环境,该组合物制备方法简单,适于在螺杆清洗材料领域广泛应用。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本领域技术的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种用于成型机清理的组合物,包括以下组分:
热塑性聚合物29.9-99.9重量份,
微球发泡剂0.1-15重量份,
选自无机填料、润滑剂、抗氧剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、交联剂中的一种或多种的可选组分0-70重量份,
其中,所述热塑性聚合物、微球发泡剂共计为100重量份;
所述微球发泡剂为核壳结构,壳体材料选自载荷50N、升温速度120℃/h下的维卡软化点为50-300℃的热塑性聚合物,占比10-90wt%,内核材料选自常压下沸点50-300℃的碳氢化合物及其衍生物中的一种或多种,占比10-90wt%,所述wt%以微球发泡剂的重量为基准计。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于成型机清理的组合物,包括以下组分:
热塑性聚合物60-75重量份,
微球发泡剂1-5重量份,
可选组分20-35重量份;
其中,所述热塑性聚合物、微球发泡剂和可选组分共计为100重量份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于成型机清理的组合物,其特征在于,所述热塑性聚合物选自聚碳酸酯、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、甲基丙烯酸甲酯-苯乙烯共聚物、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚酰胺、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、热塑性聚氨酯弹性体、苯乙烯-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-异戊二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯共聚物中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于成型机清理的组合物,其特征在于,所述热塑性聚合物的成型加工温度范围100-350℃,优选150-300℃。
5.根据权利要求2所述的用于成型机清理的组合物,其特征在于,所述可选组分选自无机填料、润滑剂、抗氧剂、增塑剂、表面活性剂、交联剂中的一种或多种。
6.权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于成型机清理的组合物应用于成型机清理,尤其热塑性聚合物成型机清理的用途。
7.权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于成型机清理的组合物的制备方法,其为干混法,包括将各组分在常温下通过混合设备直接混合而成。
8.权利要求1-5中任一项所述的用于成型机清理的组合物的制备方法,其为挤出法,包括将热塑性聚合物、微球发泡剂组分和可选组分通过挤出造粒而成。
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