CN109464457A - Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair - Google Patents
Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/14—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
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- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
- A61K31/365—Lactones
- A61K31/375—Ascorbic acid, i.e. vitamin C; Salts thereof
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/32—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. carbomers, poly(meth)acrylates, or polyvinyl pyrrolidone
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- A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
- A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
- A61K47/38—Cellulose; Derivatives thereof
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
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Abstract
Prevent fish skin disease and promote the medical fluid of skin repair, it is related to a kind of medical fluid, belongs to the sick technical field of prevention fish.The present invention is to solve existing method and cannot effectively prevent and treat the technical issues of causing death because of fish body skin damage.Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair by NaCl, NaHCO3, vitamin C, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone be dissolved in water and be made.The medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair of the invention can promote fish to grow scale, while reduce the death rate of fish.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of medical fluids, belong to the sick technical field of prevention fish.
Background technique
The epidermis of fish skin contains abundant goblet cell, Malpighian cell and other secretory cells, is fish and its institute
Protective layer between living environment.The main component of body surface is mucus, and the gel macromolecular by water and high molecular weight is (main
To be referred to as mucoprotein based on glycoprotein) it forms.Rete malpighii can effectively prevent micro- as the main barrier for resisting infection
The invasion of biology and helminth reduces friction injury, and plays a role in ion and osmotic adjustment.
In pond, seine fish, transports, puts in a suitable place to breed etc. in practice processes, often will cause the damage of Fish table and mucus loss
And water mo(u)ld and Pseudomonas fluorescens are infected so as to cause such as saprolegniasis and red skin disease etc..Water mo(u)ld and Pseudomonas fluorescens are all
Conditional pathogenic bacteria, are widely present among water body；When fish body body surface does not damage, these pathogenic bacteria can not infect fish,
And after body-surface rauma, they infect fish by damage location, cause to fall ill.After water mo(u)ld invades fish body, carry out sexual numerous
It grows, forms White Flocculus, water mo(u)ld mass propagation and when being attached to body surface, sick fish haves the fidgets, and swimming slowly, loses flat
Weighing apparatus, appetite stimulator, constitution decline are final dead.Cause body surface hyperemia inflammation after Pseudomonas fluorescens infection fish body, scale is de-
It falls, tissue is destroyed to form broom shape moth fin between fin ray.After being in a bad way, connected scale falls off, and fin ray rots, while can intersect
Infect water mo(u)ld.In fishing, transport and put in a suitable place to breed, fisherman and researcher often carefully operate, avoid fish body by
Wound.
In fingerling stocking, is impregnated 5-15 minutes and carried out disinfection using the saline solution of 3%-5%；When the such illness of generation
When, the full pool, which is carried out, with sodium bicarbonate mixture 400mg/L using salt splashes；Or use bleaching powder 1mg/kg full pool spilling head；Or
Person's methylene blue 1-3mg/L is complete, and the pool is splashed, be spaced 2 days after splashing 1 time, 5 days again with 0.2-0.3mg/L and C5H6Br2N2O2 is splashed
1 time.These prevention and treatment methods still cannot effectively prevent and treat death caused by due to fish body skin damage.
In laboratory or the breedings work of cultivation greenhouse etc., scientific research personnel be frequently necessary to according to experiment purpose to fish into
Row sampling, such as weighs length and weight, and because of sampling equipment, station and operating reason will cause fish body body surface injury and slime flux
It loses.Season is incubated in production, needs to capture parent population from parent population pond, is put into storage pond, holding pond and hastens parturition respectively to female milter, inject hormone,
Put back to temporarily feeding pond；It waits after a certain period of time, is again caught female milter with fishing net, manually crowded ovum and crowded sperm.Ovum is acquired
After son and sperm, if any under enough manpowers and enough appointed conditions, can carry out disinfection processing to parent population rapidly, be put into pond into
The management such as row routine observation and continuous disinfection, after waiting parent populations to regain one's strength, can put back to Yuan Tang；If without enough manpowers and foot
Enough ponds, operator carry out disinfection to parent population 10-15 minutes commonly using 3-5% saline solution, put back to pond.By these
After operation, squamose fish, if carp and graining (scale is more open) body surface have lost a large amount of fish scale, stimulation is produced
And lose a large amount of mucus.It is even a large amount of dead that part just occurs soon in pond.
Summary of the invention
It cannot effectively prevent and treat the purpose of the present invention is to solve existing method and be made because of fish body skin damage
At dead technical problem, a kind of medical fluid for preventing fish skin disease and promoting skin repair is provided.
Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair by NaCl, NaHCO3, vitamin C, carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in water and are made, and wherein the concentration of NaCl is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.4g/L-
0.6g/L, ascorbic concentration are 0.05g/L-0.15g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.5g/L-1.0g/L, are gathered
The concentration of vinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.
The NaCl and NaHCO that the present invention uses3It is easy to get, salt can be bought respectively on the market and sodium bicarbonate can generation
It replaces, it is cheap.A small amount of NaCl medium-term and long-term can be used, and using 7-15 days, not injured to experiment fish, for sterilizing；When
Water pH value is 7~9, NaHCO3It is pH adjusting agent in water environment, mainly with HCO3 -Form exists, the pH of adjustable water quality
Value, concentration are that 0.05-0.15g/L vitamin C can promote skin repair and wound healing, and high concentration vitamin C causes to dislike
Change sick fish body matter (when its concentration is 0.8g/L, the experiment fish for causing the present invention to be tested is dead),
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) can be in medical industry often as the emulsion stabilizer of injection, and tablet glues
Tie agent and film forming agent.Largely experiments have shown that CMC is safe and reliable anticancer drug carrier.Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), it is readily soluble
In water and a variety of organic solvents, there is good hygroscopicity, film forming and physiological compatibility etc..Its physiological compatibility shows tool
Standby excellent biocompatibility, does not form any stimulation to skin, mucous membrane, eye etc., is not involved in human metabolism, thus it is speculated that it is not
Participate in fish body metabolism.CMC and PVP aqueous solution can form a kind of protectiveness mucus solution, hinder the straight of fish body and pathogen
Contact restores conducive to the fish body body surface being damaged.CMC (40 yuan/kilogram) and PVP (100 yuan/kilogram) are cheap.This hair
Bright pharmaceutical formulation composition is simple, and raw material is easy to purchase, and processing technology thereof is simple, at low cost, noresidue, environmentally friendly.
The medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair of the invention can promote fish to grow scale, reduce simultaneously
The death rates of fish.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following list, further includes between each specific embodiment
Any combination.
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiment prevention fish skin disease and promote skin repair medical fluid by NaCl,
NaHCO3, vitamin C, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone be dissolved in water and be made, wherein the concentration of NaCl is 3.5g/
L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.4g/L-0.6g/L, ascorbic concentration be 0.05g/L-0.15g/L, sodium carboxymethylcellulose
Concentration is 0.5g/L-1.0g/L, and the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.
Specific embodiment 2: the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the concentration of NaCl be 3.5g/L,
NaHCO3Concentration be 0.4g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.05g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.5g/L, poly- second
The concentration of alkene pyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: the present embodiment is different from the first and the second embodiment in that the concentration of NaCl is
3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.08g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.6g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.It is other the same as one or two specific embodiments.
Specific embodiment 4: NaCl's unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.1g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.7g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Specific embodiment 5: NaCl's unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.11g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.8g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one to four.
Specific embodiment 6: NaCl's unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.12g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.9g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one to five.
Specific embodiment 7: NaCl's unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to six is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.13g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
1.0g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one to six.
Specific embodiment 8: NaCl's unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to seven is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.6g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.15g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
1.0g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one to seven.
Using following experimental verifications effect of the present invention:
Experiment one:
Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair by NaCl, NaHCO3, vitamin C, carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in water and are made, and wherein the concentration of NaCl is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, dimension life
The concentration of plain C is 0.08g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.6g/L, and the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.
It will prevent fish skin disease and the medical fluid of skin repair promoted to be put into 3 aquariums (96cm × 52cm × 50cm) extremely
200L is inflated spare.Each 60 tail processing of Leuciscus waleckii is as follows:
60 tails are tested fish (size: 10-12cm by processing group；Weight: 46-56g) it is anaesthetized using anesthetic, below dorsal fin
Remove scale about 2cm × 1cm (long × wide) on the left of body along lateral line scales.Every 20 tail of aquarium, does not change water during test, only supplement
The water of evaporation loss.Without feeding during experiment, water quality monitoring, during experiment, water are carried out using Water Test Kits daily
Warm 17-22 DEG C, dissolved oxygen 7.5-9.2ppm.
After 9 days, processing group has 2 tail fishes to can see one layer of very thin scale to start to grow；After 12 days, processing group has
5-6 tail fish starts to grow very thin scale；After 15 days, processing group respectively has 12-14 fish to start to grow scale；After 21 days, processing
Group fish all grows scale.
60 tail of control group equally removes scale, and every 20 tail is put into the aquarium of 200L tap water containing aeration and is raised.It is right
Starting within the 5th day discovery according to group respectively has 5-6 articles of side with water mold, and discovery in the 8th day respectively has 10-13 articles to suffer from water mold；At 12 days, have
7-8 fish loses swimming balanced capacity, and body surface is with a large amount of water molds；At 15 days, there are about the grainings of 70%-80% with water
It is mould；Experiment terminates (21 days), and control group adds up to 6-9 fish and do not find that infection water mold, water mold disease incidence are 85-90%.
Experiment two:
Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair by NaCl, NaHCO3, vitamin C, carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in water and are made, and wherein the concentration of NaCl is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, dimension life
The concentration of plain C is 0.1g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 0.7g/L, and the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.
Salvage the health for breeding from pond in May, 2017 (no scale loss, no fin ray missing are rotted, no deformity)
The refined 360 tail fish of sieve parent population of sexually matured male and female (120 tail rauns: 240 tail milters)；After being transferred to the pond of workshop, according to
Fish carries out artificial induced spawning with Corticosteroids specification；It, will be in parent population free-ranging fish and water pond after having injected hormone；By 16-18 hours
Effect time after, catch parent population with fishing net again, acquire ovum and sperm respectively, carry out dry method fertilization for producing.It will be through
Graining parent population after crossing pond fishing, short distance transportation, injection hormone, recovery of ova and sperm, random point 3 groups (every group 60
Tail) it is handled:
First group, using after 3%-5% saline solution immersion treatment 15-20 minutes, is put into storage pond, holding pond；
Second group, without any processing, is put into another storage pond, holding pond of same size；
Third group carries out leaching in 21 days by a definite date using the medical fluid of this experiment prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair
Bubble is not supplemented prevention fish skin disease and promotes skin wherein every 7 days replace basin solution half using workshop recirculated water
The medical fluid of reparation.
After experiment, anesthesia is conducted batch-wise in three groups of fishes, carries out health degree inspection.
First group of 40 tail fish of survival, 30 tails of healthy fish (no scale lacks, and rots without fin ray), unhealthy 10 tail of fish
(there are scale loss, tail fin eats into fin in broom shape, and body surface infects the sick fish such as water mold).
Second group of 22 tail fish of survival, wherein 15 tail of healthy fish.
Third group 46 tail fishes of survival, all survivals are all healthy fish, do not find any illness.
Experiment three:
Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair by NaCl, NaHCO3, vitamin C, carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in water and are made, and wherein the concentration of NaCl is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, dimension life
The concentration of plain C is 0.12g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1.0g/L, and the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.
The carp (20 tail) with saprolegniasis (5-7 days) is anaesthetized using anesthetic.Using tweezers by water mold scab from table
Skin and scale go out to remove, at sand paper (1000 mesh of granularity) friction morbidity, as far as possible by the saprolegnia hypha on skin at morbidity
Remove.By treated, 10 tail carps are put into the medical fluid of this experiment prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair, are in addition located
10 tail carps are put into as a control group in aeration tap water after reason.Control 20~24 DEG C of tap water water temperature of medical fluid solution and aeration.
After 1 day, processing group has 1 tail fish dead；After 5 days, processing group has a tail fish to infect water mold again；After 10 days, processing
Remaining 8 tail fish-skin skins start to give birth to a thin layer of squamation in group；After 21 days, 8 tail fishes grow scale completely, regain one's strength, and are good for
Health.
Control group has 2 tail fishes dead after 1 day, and remaining 9 tail fishes infect water mold again after 5 days；After 10 days, there are 5 fishes dead
It dies；After 21 days, 1 tail fish survival, infected with water mold.
Experiment four:
Prevent fish skin disease and promotes the medical fluid of skin repair by NaCl, NaHCO3, vitamin C, carboxymethyl cellulose
Sodium and polyvinylpyrrolidone are dissolved in water and are made, and wherein the concentration of NaCl is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.6g/L, dimension life
The concentration of plain C is 0.15g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 1.0g/L, and the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.
On May 20th, 2017 carp (body long 10-13cm, weight 75-95g) is counted into 20 tails using anesthetic and is anaesthetized.
Artificially remove 1.5cm x 2.0cm scale in left side, using the deep about 1mm-2mm of the artificial wound of scalpel, removes skin area
About 1.5cm x 1.5cm (is temporarily supported to June 20).
2 groups are classified as, every group of 10 tail fishes, 10 tail fish of processing group is put into this experiment prevention fish skin disease and promotes skin
In the medical fluid of reparation, control group is put into aeration tap water and raises respectively, and 20-22 DEG C of water temperature, primary one times of the dilution of replacement in every 7 days
Prevention fish skin disease and promote skin repair medical fluid.
At 15 days, processing group discovery epidermis starts to heal, and exposed part becomes smaller；20 days, skin regeneration was completed, above it is raw
Very thin scale；It 30 days, handles fish epidermis and scale restores completely, fish body left and right side does not have difference.
The survival of control group, only 6 tails, 4 tails are dead；At 20 days, it can be observed to have on 3 tail fish-skin skins wound there are also areas about
0.5cm x 0.5cm not yet raw scale, not yet healing completely；At 30 days, it can be observed have 3 tail fish fish body left and right sides scales rigid
Just healing.
Claims (8)
1. preventing fish skin disease and promoting the medical fluid of skin repair, it is characterised in that prevent fish skin disease and skin is promoted to repair
Multiple medical fluid is by NaCl, NaHCO3, vitamin C, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone be dissolved in water and be made, wherein
The concentration of NaCl is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.4g/L-0.6g/L, ascorbic concentration be 0.05g/L-0.15g/
L, the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose are 0.5g/L-1.0g/L, and the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g/L.
2. the medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that NaCl's is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.4g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.05g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.5g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.
3. the medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that NaCl's is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.08g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.6g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.
4. the medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that NaCl's is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.1g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.7g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.
5. the medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that NaCl's is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.11g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.8g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.
6. the medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that NaCl's is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.12g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
0.9g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.
7. the medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that NaCl's is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.5g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.13g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
1.0g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.
8. the medical fluid of prevention fish skin disease and promotion skin repair according to claim 1, it is characterised in that NaCl's is dense
Degree is 3.5g/L, NaHCO3Concentration be 0.6g/L, ascorbic concentration is 0.15g/L, and the concentration of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is
1.0g/L, the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone are 0.5g/L.
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