CN109463267B - Method for planting roof greening arbor to prevent wind and fix root - Google Patents
Method for planting roof greening arbor to prevent wind and fix root Download PDFInfo
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- CN109463267B CN109463267B CN201811194584.5A CN201811194584A CN109463267B CN 109463267 B CN109463267 B CN 109463267B CN 201811194584 A CN201811194584 A CN 201811194584A CN 109463267 B CN109463267 B CN 109463267B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
Abstract
The invention provides a method for planting roof greening arbor to prevent wind and fix root, belonging to the field of gardening. The invention mainly overcomes the defects of low survival rate and poor windproof effect of roof greening arbor planting in the prior art. A new method is used, comprising the steps of: coating waterproof paint on the surface of the roof; laying an anticorrosive material on the surface of the waterproof coating; paving a root-resisting material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer; laying a nutritional matrix on the root-blocking layer; and (5) planting arbors. The nutrient medium is prepared from mineral powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, filamentous fungi and a thickening agent, reduces the overall mass, reduces the pressure borne by the roof, is rich in various nutrient substances, and is beneficial to rapid rooting. By adopting the method, the annual survival rate of transplanted trees is as high as 97.3 percent, and the maximum acting force between roots and soil can reach 177.3N.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of gardening, and particularly relates to a method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots.
Background
Roof greening is an important way for accelerating urban greening development, improving urban greening rate and promoting urban environment protection.
Roof greening refers to the activities of greening, decorating, making gardens, planting trees, flowers and grass and lawn ground covers on top layers, terraces, balcony, balconies or large artificial rockery bodies of various buildings, structures, urban enclosures, bridges and the like so as to increase the greening area of cities. The method is a high-tech aerial greening mode without occupying land, and is the most different from open field gardening and plant planting in that garden projects such as open field gardening in roof greening bars and plant planting are moved to a building or a structure.
After many years of exploration, certain effects are achieved in the construction technology of roof greening. Roof greening landscapes are special, and due to the limitation of roof load, the substrate has special requirements.
The basic principle of the nutrient medium selected for roof greening is as follows: firstly, the method is green and environment-friendly, and has no disease and pest source body; secondly, light but not too loose; and thirdly, unavailable garden soil is directly used for climbing the roof. The roof greening mechanism should select a substrate with light weight, large water holding capacity, good permeability, proper nutrient, no pollution and low price as much as possible according to the roof bearing capacity, the plant growth characteristics and the natural environment conditions.
The substrates commonly used in the prior art comprise garden soil, peat, turf, wood chips and the like, but the substrates have insufficient nutrient components and cannot provide enough nutrition for arbors to help the arbors to rapidly root.
The Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 104584969B also provides a method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots, but the method is more biased to physical methods and is not suitable for transplanting small trees, and the crowns of the small trees are not easy to fix; in addition, the method uses a reinforced cement fixing frame for root fixing, which results in that once the arbor is fatigued and removed very difficultly, the subsequent remedial work can be difficult to carry out.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides a method for planting the roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots, so that the overall weight is reduced, the peculiar smell is reduced, the survival rate of the trees is increased, and the overall wind resistance of the trees is increased.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) coating waterproof paint on the surface of the roof;
(2) laying an anticorrosive material on the surface of the waterproof coating to form an anticorrosive layer;
(3) paving a root-resisting material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer to form a root-resisting layer;
(4) laying a nutritional matrix on the root-blocking layer;
(5) planting arbor;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, filamentous fungi and a thickening agent;
the inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
Preferably, the arbor is any one or more of glossy privet, lagerstroemia indica and podocarpus macrophyllus.
Preferably, the waterproof coating is a polyurethane waterproof coating.
Preferably, the corrosion protection material is polyethylene or polytrifluoroethylene.
Preferably, the root-resistant material is an HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage root-barrier film or an SBS (styrene butadiene styrene) modified asphalt waterproof coiled material.
Preferably, the ore powder consists of 40-60 wt% of hydrotalcite and 40-60 wt% of mesoporous silica by mass fraction.
Preferably, the preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps: preparing a structure directing agent aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 8-10, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, standing, centrifuging, drying solids, and roasting at the temperature of 600 ℃ at 500-;
the structure directing agent consists of equimolar amounts of quaternary ammonium salt and sodium alkyl sulfate;
the quaternary ammonium salt has the general formula
Wherein R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl, and X is chlorine, bromine or iodine;
the general formula of the alkyl sodium sulfate is CnH2n+1SO4Na, wherein n is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 18, and n is a positive integer.
Preferably, the preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the quaternary ammonium salt and the alkyl sodium sulfonate with equal molar weight, and dissolving the mixture in water with the molar weight of the alkyl alkane sulfonic acid being 400-600 times that of the alkyl alkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 8-10 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 5-10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing after the addition is finished, centrifuging, taking the lower-layer solid, drying, and roasting at the temperature of 600 ℃ to obtain the structure directing agent.
The structure directing agent consists of equimolar amounts of quaternary ammonium salt and sodium alkyl sulfate;
the quaternary ammonium salt has the general formula
Wherein R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl, and X is chlorine, bromine or iodine;
the general formula of the alkyl sodium sulfate is CnH2n+1SO4Na, wherein n is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 18, and n is a positive integer.
Preferably, the filamentous fungus is Streptomyces albus and/or Aspergillus niger.
Preferably, the thickener is corn starch, sodium alginate or shellac sodium.
Preferably, the preparation method of the lac sodium comprises the steps of preparing 0.5-2mol/L aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, adding wax-free lac with the mass 2-3 times that of the sodium carbonate, stirring for 5-10 hours, and drying to obtain the lac sodium.
Preferably, the preparation method of the nutrient medium is as follows:
(1) preparing a thickening agent aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 2-5% to obtain a solution A, adding ammonium nitrate with the mass fraction of 5-10% of the solution A and cyromazine with the mass fraction of 1-5% of the solution A water, stirring uniformly, adding ore powder, and heating at 50-80 ℃ for 5-12 hours to obtain a component A;
(2) preparing a thickener aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5-10% to obtain a solution B, adding phosphate with the mass fraction of 7-20% of the solution B and sulfur powder with the mass fraction of 0.5-8% of the solution B, heating to 70-90 ℃, keeping for 30-60 minutes, cooling to 20-30 ℃, adding filamentous fungi, drying and grinding to obtain a component B;
(3) mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio (5-10) to 1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
The invention has the beneficial effects that the brand-new nutrient substrate is used, the mineral powder uses hydrotalcite and mesoporous silica, the overall mass is reduced, the pressure borne by the roof is reduced, partial nutrient components are loaded in the mineral powder, and the nutrient components can be released slowly in the natural environment to provide nutrient components for the trees, so that the burdensome artificial fertilization burden is reduced, the trees can rapidly root, and the root fixing effect is better; the streptomyces albus is added, which is beneficial to the absorption of inorganic nutrient substances by plants; by adding cyromazine, the compound can effectively kill flies and insects, is beneficial to keeping the environment of a roof, and has low toxicity and no harm to human bodies.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Specifically, the sources or CAS numbers of each of the materials in the following examples are as follows:
the polyurethane waterproof coating is 911 polyurethane waterproof coating which is purchased from Kashi shield waterproof material Co.
The polyethylene film is a PC832 model polyethylene film with the thickness of 0.075mm, and is purchased from Shenzhen Qianxin optoelectronic technology, Inc.
The SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material is purchased from Kashi Qidun, Shandong, waterproof materials Co.
Cyromazine, CAS No.: 66125-27-8.
Aspergillus niger, the name of Latin, 3 hundred million spores/g, was purchased from New Gekko Biotech, Cangzhou, Inc.
Streptomyces albus, named Streptomyces albus of Latin, with spore content of 2 hundred million/g, was purchased from New Gekko Biotech Co., Ltd.
Corn starch is technical grade corn starch, purchased from Suzhou blue Liang chemical technology Co.
Wax-free shellac, available from Kunming Sileke Biotech, Inc.
Sodium carbonate, CAS number: 497-19-8.
The hydrotalcite is magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite which is purchased from Jingjiang city Kanggao Special plastics science and technology Limited company of 100 meshes.
The sulfur powder is superfine sulfur powder and is purchased from Shanghai Xiao Zhu nanometer science and technology Limited.
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, CAS No.: 7778-77-0.
Ammonium nitrate, CAS No.: 6484-52-2.
Tetramethylammonium chloride, CAS number: 75-57-0.
Tetraethylammonium chloride, CAS number: 56-34-8.
Tetra n-propyl ammonium chloride, CAS number: 5810-42-4.
Tetra n-butylammonium chloride, CAS No.: 1112-67-0.
Sodium dodecyl sulfate, CAS No.: 2386-53-0.
Ammonia, CAS No.: 1336-21-6, the mass fraction is 25%
Tetraethyl orthosilicate, CAS number: 78-10-4.
The grinding mill used in the grinding step in the following examples was a TV400-7 type vertical planetary ball mill manufactured by Dongguang Olympic instruments Co.
Example 1
A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) four layers of polyurethane waterproof coatings are coated on the surface of the roof, and the amount of each layer of polyurethane waterproof coating is 600g/m2；
(2) Laying three layers of polyethylene films on the surface of the waterproof coating;
(3) paving a layer of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer;
(4) laying a nutrient medium with the thickness of 50cm on the root-blocking layer;
(5) transplanting the arbor, wherein the planting distance is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0 m;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, aspergillus niger and corn starch;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
The inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, monopotassium phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
The preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing tetramethylammonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in equal molar amount, and dissolving in water of which the molar amount is 500 times that of the dodecylalkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 9.2 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing for 5 hours after the addition is finished, centrifuging at 3500rpm for 20 minutes, taking the lower-layer solid, drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and roasting in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the structure directing agent.
The preparation method of the nutrient substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a corn starch aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 3% to obtain a solution A, adding ammonium nitrate with the mass of 8% of the solution A and cyromazine with the mass of 2% of the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding ore powder with the mass of 50% of the solution A, and heating at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a component A;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
(2) Preparing a corn starch aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10% to obtain a solution B, adding monopotassium phosphate with the mass fraction of 12% of the solution B and sulfur powder with the mass fraction of 2.5% of the solution B, heating to 90 ℃, keeping for 35 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding aspergillus niger with the mass fraction of 30% of the solution B, drying in air at 50 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a component B;
(3) and mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
Example 2
A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) four layers of polyurethane waterproof coatings are coated on the surface of the roof, and the amount of each layer of polyurethane waterproof coating is 600g/m2；
(2) Laying three layers of polyethylene films on the surface of the waterproof coating;
(3) paving a layer of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer;
(4) laying a nutrient medium with the thickness of 50cm on the root-blocking layer;
(5) transplanting the arbor, wherein the planting distance is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0 m;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, aspergillus niger and sodium violate;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
The inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, monopotassium phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
The preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing tetramethylammonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in equal molar amount, and dissolving in water of which the molar amount is 500 times that of the dodecylalkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 9.2 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing for 5 hours after the addition is finished, centrifuging at 3500rpm for 20 minutes, taking the lower-layer solid, drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and roasting in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the structure directing agent.
The preparation method of the sodium violate comprises the following steps: preparing 1mol/L aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, adding wax-free lac with the mass of 3 times of that of the sodium carbonate, stirring at 500rpm for 6 hours, and drying at 50 ℃/50mbar for 12 hours to obtain the sodium bicarbonate.
The preparation method of the nutrient substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing 3% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution A, adding 8% by mass of ammonium nitrate and 2% by mass of cyromazine into the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding 50% by mass of ore powder into the solution A, and heating at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a component A;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
(2) Preparing 10% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution B, adding 12% by mass of monopotassium phosphate of solution B and 2.5% by mass of sulfur powder of solution B, heating to 90 ℃, keeping for 35 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding 30% by mass of aspergillus niger of solution B, drying in air at 50 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain component B;
(3) and mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
Example 3
A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) four layers of polyurethane waterproof coatings are coated on the surface of the roof, and the amount of each layer of polyurethane waterproof coatingIs 600g/m2；
(2) Laying three layers of polyethylene films on the surface of the waterproof coating;
(3) paving a layer of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer;
(4) laying a nutrient medium with the thickness of 50cm on the root-blocking layer;
(5) transplanting the arbor, wherein the planting distance is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0 m;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, aspergillus niger and sodium violate;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
The inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, monopotassium phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
The preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing tetraethylammonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in equal molar quantity, and dissolving the mixture in water of which the molar quantity is 500 times that of dodecyl alkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 9.2 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing for 5 hours after the addition is finished, centrifuging at 3500rpm for 20 minutes, taking the lower-layer solid, drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and roasting in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the structure directing agent.
The preparation method of the sodium violate comprises the following steps: preparing 1mol/L aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, adding wax-free lac with the mass of 3 times of that of the sodium carbonate, stirring at 500rpm for 6 hours, and drying at 50 ℃/50mbar for 12 hours to obtain the sodium bicarbonate.
The preparation method of the nutrient substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing 3% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution A, adding 8% by mass of ammonium nitrate and 2% by mass of cyromazine into the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding 50% by mass of ore powder into the solution A, and heating at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a component A;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
(2) Preparing 10% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution B, adding 12% by mass of monopotassium phosphate of solution B and 2.5% by mass of sulfur powder of solution B, heating to 90 ℃, keeping for 35 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding 30% by mass of aspergillus niger of solution B, drying in air at 50 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain component B;
(3) and mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
Example 4
A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) four layers of polyurethane waterproof coatings are coated on the surface of the roof, and the amount of each layer of polyurethane waterproof coating is 600g/m2；
(2) Laying three layers of polyethylene films on the surface of the waterproof coating;
(3) paving a layer of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer;
(4) laying a nutrient medium with the thickness of 50cm on the root-blocking layer;
(5) transplanting the arbor, wherein the planting distance is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0 m;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, aspergillus niger and sodium violate;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
The inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, monopotassium phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
The preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing n-tetrapropylammonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in equal molar amount, and dissolving in water of which the molar amount is 500 times that of dodecyl alkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 9.2 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing for 5 hours after the addition is finished, centrifuging at 3500rpm for 20 minutes, taking the lower-layer solid, drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and roasting in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the structure directing agent.
The preparation method of the sodium violate comprises the following steps: preparing 1mol/L aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, adding wax-free lac with the mass of 3 times of that of the sodium carbonate, stirring at 500rpm for 6 hours, and drying at 50 ℃/50mbar for 12 hours to obtain the sodium bicarbonate.
The preparation method of the nutrient substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing 3% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution A, adding 8% by mass of ammonium nitrate and 2% by mass of cyromazine into the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding 50% by mass of ore powder into the solution A, and heating at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a component A;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
(2) Preparing 10% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution B, adding 12% by mass of monopotassium phosphate of solution B and 2.5% by mass of sulfur powder of solution B, heating to 90 ℃, keeping for 35 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding 30% by mass of aspergillus niger of solution B, drying in air at 50 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain component B;
(3) and mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
Example 5
A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) four layers of polyurethane waterproof coatings are coated on the surface of the roof, and the amount of each layer of polyurethane waterproof coating is 600g/m2；
(2) Laying three layers of polyethylene films on the surface of the waterproof coating;
(3) paving a layer of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer;
(4) laying a nutrient medium with the thickness of 50cm on the root-blocking layer;
(5) transplanting the arbor, wherein the planting distance is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0 m;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, aspergillus niger and sodium violate;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
The inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, monopotassium phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
The preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing n-tetrabutylammonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in equal molar amount, and dissolving in water of which the molar amount is 500 times that of dodecyl alkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 9.2 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing for 5 hours after the addition is finished, centrifuging at 3500rpm for 20 minutes, taking the lower-layer solid, drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and roasting in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the structure directing agent.
The preparation method of the sodium violate comprises the following steps: preparing 1mol/L aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, adding wax-free lac with the mass of 3 times of that of the sodium carbonate, stirring at 500rpm for 6 hours, and drying at 50 ℃/50mbar for 12 hours to obtain the sodium bicarbonate.
The preparation method of the nutrient substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing 3% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution A, adding 8% by mass of ammonium nitrate and 2% by mass of cyromazine into the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding 50% by mass of ore powder into the solution A, and heating at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a component A;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
(2) Preparing 10% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution B, adding 12% by mass of monopotassium phosphate of solution B and 2.5% by mass of sulfur powder of solution B, heating to 90 ℃, keeping for 35 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding 30% by mass of aspergillus niger of solution B, drying in air at 50 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain component B;
(3) and mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
Example 6
A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) four layers of polyurethane waterproof coatings are coated on the surface of the roof, and the amount of each layer of polyurethane waterproof coating is 600g/m2；
(2) Laying three layers of polyethylene films on the surface of the waterproof coating;
(3) paving a layer of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer;
(4) laying a nutrient medium with the thickness of 50cm on the root-blocking layer;
(5) transplanting the arbor, wherein the planting distance is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0 m;
the raw materials of the nutrient substrate comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, streptomyces albus and sodium violate;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
The inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, monopotassium phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
The preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing tetraethylammonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in equal molar quantity, and dissolving the mixture in water of which the molar quantity is 500 times that of dodecyl alkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 9.2 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing for 5 hours after the addition is finished, centrifuging at 3500rpm for 20 minutes, taking the lower-layer solid, drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and roasting in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the structure directing agent.
The preparation method of the sodium violate comprises the following steps: preparing 1mol/L aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, adding wax-free lac with the mass of 3 times of that of the sodium carbonate, stirring at 500rpm for 6 hours, and drying at 50 ℃/50mbar for 12 hours to obtain the sodium bicarbonate.
The preparation method of the nutrient substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing 3% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution A, adding 8% by mass of ammonium nitrate and 2% by mass of cyromazine into the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding 50% by mass of ore powder into the solution A, and heating at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a component A;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
(2) Preparing 10% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution B, adding 12% by mass of monopotassium phosphate of solution B and 2.5% by mass of sulfur powder of solution B, heating to 90 ℃, keeping for 35 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding 30% by mass of streptomyces albus of solution B, drying in air at 50 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain component B;
(3) and mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
Example 7
A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots comprises the following steps:
(1) four layers of polyurethane waterproof coatings are coated on the surface of the roof, and the amount of each layer of polyurethane waterproof coating is 600g/m2；
(2) Laying three layers of polyethylene films on the surface of the waterproof coating;
(3) paving a layer of SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer;
(4) laying a nutrient medium with the thickness of 50cm on the root-blocking layer;
(5) transplanting the arbor, wherein the planting distance is 2.0m multiplied by 2.0 m;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, streptomyces albus, aspergillus niger and sodium violate;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
The inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, monopotassium phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
The preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing tetraethylammonium chloride and sodium dodecyl sulfate in equal molar quantity, and dissolving the mixture in water of which the molar quantity is 500 times that of dodecyl alkane sulfonic acid to obtain a structure directing agent aqueous solution;
(2) adjusting the pH value of the structure directing agent aqueous solution to 9.2 by using ammonia water, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate with the volume of 10% of the structure directing agent aqueous solution, standing for 5 hours after the addition is finished, centrifuging at 3500rpm for 20 minutes, taking the lower-layer solid, drying at 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and roasting in a muffle furnace at 550 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the structure directing agent.
The preparation method of the sodium violate comprises the following steps: preparing 1mol/L aqueous solution of sodium carbonate, adding wax-free lac with the mass of 3 times of that of the sodium carbonate, stirring at 500rpm for 6 hours, and drying at 50 ℃/50mbar for 12 hours to obtain the sodium bicarbonate.
The preparation method of the nutrient substrate comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing 3% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution A, adding 8% by mass of ammonium nitrate and 2% by mass of cyromazine into the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding 50% by mass of ore powder into the solution A, and heating at 60 ℃ for 8 hours to obtain a component A;
the ore powder is prepared by mixing 40 wt% of hydrotalcite and 60 wt% of mesoporous silica.
(2) Preparing 10% by mass of sodium violate aqueous solution to obtain solution B, adding 12% by mass of potassium dihydrogen phosphate of the solution B and 2.5% by mass of sulfur powder of the solution B, heating to 90 ℃, keeping for 35 minutes, cooling to 30 ℃, adding 10% by mass of streptomyces albus of the solution B and 20% by mass of aspergillus niger of the solution B, drying in air at 50 ℃, grinding, and sieving with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain a component B;
(3) and mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio of 10:1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
Test example 1
Survival rate of transplanted arbor
Crape myrtle, podocarpus macrophyllus and ligustrum lucidum are planted according to the method for planting the roof greening arbor to prevent wind and fix roots in the embodiments 1-7, and the survival rate is calculated after one year. The transplanting modes are all transplanting with soil balls, and all transplanting is carried out in proper climate in spring and proper management is adopted.
The survival rate of arbor transplantation is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 arbor transplanting survival Rate
The method for planting and fixing the root of the roof greening arbor has good arbor transplanting survival rate and good effect on universality of common roof greening arbors.
Test example 2
Root-soil acting force drawing test for arbor root system
The method for planting the roof greening arbor to prevent the wind and fix the root is provided in the embodiment 1-7, and after 6 months, 3 good-growing arhat pines are selected for a drawing test, and the average value of the three is taken.
The test method comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out a drawing test on the root system of the podocarpus macrophyllus by using a digital display push-pull dynamometer, and uniformly adjusting the water content of the soil near the root system to 20% before the test.
The test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 drawing test of intersoil acting force
| force/N | |
| Example 1 | 94.0 |
| Example 2 | 117.7 |
| Example 3 | 155.3 |
| Example 4 | 140.7 |
| Example 5 | 138.0 |
| Example 6 | 145.3 |
| Example 7 | 177.3 |
The method for planting the windproof root in the roof greening arbor has the advantages that the windproof capacity is high, the root fixing effect is good, the system added with the compound strains of the streptomyces albus and the aspergillus niger has the highest root-soil interaction force, and the reason is expected to be that the compound strains provide more reasonable nutrition, so that the root system grows more developed in a shorter time and has better wind resistance.
Claims (9)
1. A method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) coating waterproof paint on the surface of the roof;
(2) laying an anticorrosive material on the surface of the waterproof coating to form an anticorrosive layer;
(3) paving a root-resisting material on the surface of the anticorrosive layer to form a root-resisting layer;
(4) laying a nutritional matrix on the root-blocking layer;
(5) planting arbor;
the raw materials of the nutrient medium comprise ore powder, inorganic fertilizer, cyromazine, filamentous fungi and a thickening agent;
the inorganic fertilizer is sulfur powder, phosphate and ammonium nitrate.
2. The method for planting roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof coating is a polyurethane waterproof coating.
3. The method for planting the roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix roots according to claim 1, wherein the anticorrosive material is polyethylene or polytrifluoroethylene.
4. The method for planting the roof greening trees to prevent wind and fix the roots according to claim 1, wherein the root-blocking material is an HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage root-blocking film or an SBS (styrene butadiene styrene) modified asphalt waterproof coiled material.
5. The method for planting the windproof roots by using the roof greening arbor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ore powder comprises 40-60 wt% of hydrotalcite and 40-60 wt% of mesoporous silica by mass fraction.
6. The method for planting the roof greening arbor to prevent the wind and fix the root according to claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the mesoporous silica comprises the following steps: preparing a structure directing agent aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 8-10, adding tetraethyl orthosilicate, standing, centrifuging, drying solids, and roasting at the temperature of 600 ℃ at 500-;
the structure directing agent consists of equimolar amounts of quaternary ammonium salt and sodium alkyl sulfate;
the quaternary ammonium salt has the general formula
Wherein R is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl, and X is chlorine, bromine or iodine;
the general formula of the alkyl sodium sulfate is CnH2n+1SO4Na, wherein n is more than or equal to 10 and less than or equal to 18, and n is a positive integer.
7. The method for planting divaricate saposhnikovia root and fixing root on arbor for roof greening according to claim 1, wherein the filamentous fungus is streptomyces albus and/or aspergillus niger.
8. The method for planting divaricate saposhnikovia root and fixing root in arbor for roof greening according to claim 1, wherein the thickening agent is corn starch, sodium alginate or lac sodium.
9. The method for planting the windproof root-fixing trees for roof greening according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the nutrient medium is as follows:
(1) preparing a thickening agent aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 2-5% to obtain a solution A, adding ammonium nitrate with the mass fraction of 5-10% of the solution A and cyromazine with the mass fraction of 1-5% of the solution A, uniformly stirring, adding ore powder, and heating at 50-80 ℃ for 5-12 hours to obtain a component A;
(2) preparing a thickener aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5-10% to obtain a solution B, adding phosphate with the mass fraction of 7-20% of the solution B and sulfur powder with the mass fraction of 0.5-8% of the solution B, heating to 70-90 ℃, keeping for 30-60 minutes, cooling to 20-30 ℃, adding filamentous fungi, drying and grinding to obtain a component B;
(3) mixing the component A and the component B according to the mass ratio (5-10) to 1 to obtain the nutrient medium.
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| JP2008306932A (en) * | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-25 | Tajima Roofing Co Ltd | Plant cultivation structure, root-proof structure, and root-proof sheet to be used for them |
| CN104584969B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-05-25 | 上海聚隆绿化发展有限公司 | The roof greening arbor windproof solid method for root of planting |
| CN205077739U (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-03-09 | 北京汇英利防水技术有限公司 | Plant roof waterproof roof boarding |
| CN206346403U (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2017-07-21 | 河南裕华园林工程有限公司 | A kind of anti-roof afforestation structure of waterproof |
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