CN109439332A - A kind of anti-drought water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of anti-drought water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anti-drought water-retaining agents and preparation method thereof, it is described as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 5~20 parts of straw powder, 1~5 part of shuck powder, 5~15 parts of starch, 15~120 parts of unsaturated vinyl monomer, 0.002~1 part of initiator, 0.07~1 part of crosslinking agent, 0.1~1 part and 0.1~2 part of Pesticidal combination of sodium lignin sulfonate, its production method includes: the preparation of 1. straw powder, 2. the preparation of shuck powder, 3. prepared by Pesticidal combination, 4. cellulose base makes, 5. starch matrix manufacturing and 6. mixed grinding: starch base obtained and cellulose base are mixed, add sodium lignin sulfonate and Pesticidal combination, it is ground after mixing up to anti-drought water-retaining agent.Anti-drought water-retaining agent made from this hair is degradable, free from environmental pollution, can also enhance water retention property, the improvement soil of soil, promote the absorption of nutritional ingredient in soil and water-retaining agent, while can play prevention and treatment pest and disease damage effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to water-retaining agent preparation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of anti-drought water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
It with the variation of global climate condition, always will appear different degrees of drought and damage caused by a drought in different regions every year, do
Drought is the formidable enemy of agricultural, very big to the Influence of production of cereal crops, especially crop sowing and seeding stage, be easy to cause emergence not
Together, the phenomenon that be short of seedling disconnected ridge, slow growth, crop yield and quality decline are eventually led to, anti-drought water-retaining agent seems
Increasingly important, furthermore anti-drought water-retaining agent not only can be adjusted day and night temperature, can also be increased soil after water swelling with water-absorbing-retaining
Gas permeability, applicability is very strong, farm-forestry crop or green plants, and no matter season, place and any growth link are ok
It uses.Currently, anti-drought water-retaining agent available on the market is mostly to synthesize class water-retaining agent, with very strong water suction, water is retained and released
Function, but be not easy to be biodegradable, in addition soil uses chemical fertilizer by unreasonable, it is easy to cause under soil hardening, fertility
Drop, cannot not only improve soil can also destroy the balanced capacity of soil；Secondly natural and modified high-molecular class water conservation in the market
Agent is then using starch, cellulose or other natural products as raw material, therefore such water-retaining agent is biodegradable in use,
The water-retaining agent salt tolerance of middle starch is poor, anti-mildew solution is poor, though the water-retaining agent anti-mildew solution of cellulose family is excellent, water absorbent rate
Lower, for water preservation degradable currently on the market, water absorbent rate is low and shorter using the time, therefore natural and change
Property high score subclass water-retaining agent has a general character disadvantage: gel strength is low after water suction, long-term poor water retention property, and hydrolytic resistance is poor.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems, such as background technique, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of biodegradable, suctions
Gel strength is high after water, can promote the absorption of nutritional ingredient in soil and water-retaining agent, and is provided simultaneously with improvement soil and prevention and treatment
The anti-drought water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof of pest and disease damage function.
A kind of anti-drought water-retaining agent, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 5~20 parts of straw powder, shuck powder 1~
5 parts, 5~15 parts of starch, 15~120 parts of unsaturated vinyl monomer, 0.002~1 part of initiator, 0.07~1 part of crosslinking agent, wood
0.1~1 part and 0.1~2 part of Pesticidal combination of quality sodium sulfonate, wherein straw powder mainly includes powder made of ramulus mori and stalk
End, shuck powder mainly include the powder that walnut shell, peanut shell and pine nut shell etc. are produced.The production method packet of the anti-drought water-retaining agent
Include following steps:
1. the preparation of straw powder: that partial size is 0.3~0.4mm will be ground into respectively after ramulus mori and stalk removal of impurities dust removal
Grain, then will crush obtained ramulus mori particle and stalk particle stirred and evenly mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:1~2 after mixture is added
The lye that 8~12 times of quality, and the mass fraction of lye is 15~20%, then 1~1.5 h, isolated filter are boiled in heating
Filter residue is carried out the steaming of 5~10 min by slag with low pressure steam, carries out hot pressing filter after taking out filter residue to get straw powder；
2. the preparation of shuck powder: clean walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut shell are selected, is respectively dried to moisture content < 10%,
The ratio of walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut shell 1:1~2:1~2 in mass ratio is mixed to get mixture again, then mixture is set
1~2 h of freezing processing at a temperature of -28~-15 DEG C, finally crushes the mixture after freezing, obtains shuck powder；
3. prepared by Pesticidal combination: first weighing the raw material of following mass parts: 5~10 parts of marigold, 1~5 part of peppermint, Celastrus angulatus 2
~8 parts, 1~4 part of field pennycress, 5~10 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 1~4 part of garlic, 1~5 part of Chinese Ixeris, 2~8 parts of castor-oil plant, purslane 1~5
Part, 2~6 parts of onion, 2~8 parts of Herba Anabasis aphyllae, above-mentioned raw materials are respectively dried to moisture content < 5% later, then by each original
Material is uniformly mixed, and is crushed, obtains Pesticidal combination；
4. cellulose base makes: after the ratio mixing of 1. straw powder and water 1:5~25 in mass ratio that step is obtained, being heated to
85~95 DEG C, 15~30min is stirred, the 1/2~2/3 of addition initiator total amount after being cooled to 35~70 DEG C, stirring 10~
30min, add unsaturated vinyl monomer total amount 1/2~2/3, step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 1/2~3/4 and
2~4h, the alkali liquid washing that obtained product mass fraction is 20~30% to pH=are stirred in the 1/2~2/3 of crosslinking agent total amount
6.0~8.5, then product is dry until constant weight, obtains cellulose base at 35~70 DEG C；
5. starch matrix manufacturing: after the ratios of starch and water 1:5~30 in mass ratio is mixed, it is gelatinized 20 at 85~100 DEG C~
60 min, after being then cooled to 55~75 DEG C, first be added step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 1/4~1/2, be sufficiently stirred,
The 1/3~1/2 of unsaturated vinyl monomer total amount is added, the 1/5 of crosslinking agent total amount is added after being warming up to 60~80 DEG C, sufficiently
Stirring adds the 2/15~3/10 of 1/3~1/2 and crosslinking agent total amount of initiator total amount, after stirring 3~8min, stops stirring
Mix, under the protection of inert gas, make its 2.5~4.5 h of polymerization reaction in 55~75 DEG C of constant temperature, by resulting material from
Heart separation, it is 20~30% alkali liquid washing to pH=7.0~8.5 that mass fraction, which is then added, up to starch base after drying；
6. mixed grinding: by step, 5. 4. cellulose base obtained is mixed for starch base and step obtained, adds sulfomethylated lignin
Sour sodium and step 3. resulting Pesticidal combination, grind, sealed package can be prepared by anti-drought water-retaining agent after mixing.
Stalk in straw powder can be adopted as corn stover, wheat stalk, sunflower straw, marigold stalk, paddy
The stalk mixture one such or two or more with careless class stalk；Starch then selects cornstarch, konjaku flour, sweet potato to form sediment
Powder, tapioca, potato starch, wheaten starch and the one such or two or more mixture of rice starch.Vinyl
Unsaturated monomer can use acrylic acid, acrylates, acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide and acrylonitrile therein one
Kind or two or more mixtures, initiator potassium permanganate, potassium peroxydisulfate, potassium peroxydisulfate-ferrous sulfate, ammonium persulfate, mistake
Hydrogen oxide, hydrogen peroxide-ferrous sulfate, benzoyl peroxide or ammonium ceric nitrate, crosslinking agent N, N- methylene bisacrylamide acyl
Amine, ethylene glycol diacrylate, glycol methacrylate, diethylene glycol double methyl methacrylate, tirethylene glycol
Double methyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol double methyl methacrylate, glycerine diacrylate or pentaerythritol triacrylate.
The effect that constituent part has in the present invention is as follows:
(1) dry matter accounts for 90.3% in the nutritional ingredient of peanut shell, wherein thick protein 4.8%~7.2%, and crude fibre 65.7%~
79.3%, hemicellulose 10.1%, and also contain vitamin and mineral in peanut shell, nutritive value is higher, and can be biological
Digestion incorporates soil.
(2) pine nut shell good water absorption, and wherein contain several mineral materials, the content of material such as calcium, iron, phosphorus and potassium are relatively high,
And these substances necessary fertilizer when being plant growth, a variety of nutriment can be provided for plant, the growth of plant can be effectively facilitated.
(3) stable chemical performance of walnut shell is not easy in soda acid dissolution and its adsorption capacity is strong, good hydrophilic property, resistance to compression
Property it is good, simultaneously because the hardness of walnut shell itself, walnut shell crush after be also in porous and versatility, anti-drought water-retaining agent is added
In production, the gel strength after water-retaining agent absorbs water can be increased, enhance hydrolytic resistance, improve the long-term poor water retention property of water-retaining agent.
(4) Pesticidal combination: marigold can play the role of luring worm, cooperate the use of other insecticidal constituents that can rise good
Good prevention and treatment pest and disease damage effect；Peppermint has stronger inhibiting effect to shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacillus and Escherichia coli；Celastrus angulatus master
It is used to prevent and treat pests with chewing mouthparts, has a special efficacy to daikon leaf beetle, cabbage caterpillar, diamondback moth, aulacophora femoralis etc., and it is on crops
Use rear performance stabilization, safety, volume increase；Field pennycress has staphylococcus aureus, shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Inhibition or killing effect；Dalmatian chrysanthemum includes 4 kinds of insecticidal constituents, pyrethrin I, II and cinerin I, II, and Dalmatian chrysanthemum is to a variety of elder brothers
Worm such as mosquito, fly, bedbug and cockroach etc. has toxic action；Garlic have antibacterial and anti-inflammation functions, to a variety of coccuses, bacillus, fungi and
Virus etc. has inhibition and killing effect, is strongest one kind of antibacterial action in presently found natural plants；Chinese Ixeris is to golden yellow
Color staphylococcus antibody-resistant bacterium, hemolytic streptococcus have stronger bactericidal effect, to Diplococcus pneumopniae, meningococcus, diphtheria
Bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, shigella dysenteriae etc. also have certain lethal effect；Castor-oil plant can go out maggot, infanticide Jue；Purslane is cold in nature, to dysentery
Shigella, typhoid bacillus and Escherichia coli have stronger inhibiting effect；Onion can detoxify desinsection and kill Staphylococcus aureus
Bacterium, corynebacterium diphtheriae；Herba Anabasis aphyllae has the effects that antibacterial anti-inflammatory, analgesic desinsection, can be used for disinfestation and deratization；Select these desinsections
Composition is mainly that it is easier to obtain, and can rot to improve soil after being degraded.
The present invention has below beneficial to fruit:
(1) make a kind of compound water-retaining agent by producing to be mixed again after cellulose base and starch base respectively, make its after
The superperformance of cellulose water-retaining agent and starch water-retaining agent is held, and their common disadvantages are then by producing cellulose base and shallow lake
Shuck powder is just used to adjust when powder base, making cellulose base and starch base, gel strength enhances after absorbing water, while hard
The nutriment and minerals that shell powder is rich in can play the role of improveing soil, the ramulus mori and stalk of selection collectively as
The raw material of cellulose is provided, crude fiber content is high, and it is from a wealth of sources, it is easy to collect.
(2) starch base changes traditional addition sequence and reaction time in the production process, makes the free radical in starch
It will not be reacted by plunder, starch sufficiently participates in polymerization reaction, in addition the addition of shuck powder, makes to produce anti-drought water-retaining agent
Intermediate material starch base performance is stablized, and quality is guaranteed.
(3) starch base and cellulose base are also added into sodium lignin sulfonate and Pesticidal combination in mixed grinding, made
When the anti-drought water-retaining agent made of this method, sodium lignin sulfonate can be adsorbed on the anti-drought water-retaining agent surface after soil or water suction
On, be conducive to the exchange for carrying out metal ion in anti-drought water-retaining agent, so that good absorbing of the crops to nutritional ingredient；And desinsection
Composition can not only effectively preventing disease and pest, and soil environment can be improved.
In conclusion obtained anti-drought water-retaining agent is not only degradable, environmental pollution is controlled, and can also enhance soil
Water retention property, improvement soil, promote the absorption of nutritional ingredient in soil and water-retaining agent, while prevention and treatment pest and disease damage function can be played
Effect.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is limited in any way,
Based on present invention teach that it is made it is any transform or replace, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Anti-drought water-retaining agent described in the present embodiment 1, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 5 parts of straw powder, shuck
1 part of powder, 5 parts of starch, 15 parts of unsaturated vinyl monomer, 0.002 part of initiator, 0.07 part of crosslinking agent, sodium lignin sulfonate 0.1
Part and 0.1 part of Pesticidal combination, wherein unsaturated vinyl monomer select acrylic acid, initiator use potassium permanganate, crosslinking agent
Using N, N- methylene-bisacrylamide, stalk selects corn stover, and starch selects the mixture of potato starch and konjaku flour；
Lye in the embodiment selects NaOH solution, the production method of this anti-drought water-retaining agent, comprising the following steps:
1. the preparation of straw powder: the particle that partial size is 0.3mm will be ground into respectively after ramulus mori and stalk removal of impurities dust removal, then will
The ramulus mori particle and stalk particle that crushing obtains are added 8 times of mixture quality after stirring and evenly mixing according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:1
Lye, and the mass fraction of lye is 15, then 1h is boiled in heating, and isolated filter residue steams the filter residue low pressure of 0.5MPa
Vapour carry out 5 min steaming, take out filter residue after carry out hot pressing filter, hot pressing filter condition be exactly when filter residue temperature is more than 40 DEG C,
Further be separated by solid-liquid separation to get straw powder is carried out to filter residue using filter press；
2. the preparation of shuck powder: selection the moisture content all clean walnut shell of < 15%, peanut shell, pine nut shell are respectively dried
It is mixed to get mixture to moisture content < 10%, then by walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut the shell ratio of 1:1:1 in mass ratio, then
1 h of freezing processing at a temperature of mixture is placed in -28 DEG C, finally crushes the mixture after freezing, makes the grain of mixture
Diameter is no more than 0.3mm, obtains shuck powder；
3. prepared by Pesticidal combination: first weighing the raw material of following mass parts: 5 parts of marigold, 1 part of peppermint, 2 parts of Celastrus angulatus, Patrinia scaniosaefolia
Careless 1 part, 5 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 1 part of garlic, 1 part of Chinese Ixeris, 2 parts of castor-oil plant, 1 part of purslane, 2 parts of onion, 2 parts of Herba Anabasis aphyllae, later
Above-mentioned raw materials are respectively dried to moisture content < 5%, then each raw material is uniformly mixed, the powder for being ground into 0.2mm is carried out, obtains
Pesticidal combination；
4. cellulose base makes: after the ratio mixing of 1. straw powder and water 1:5 in mass ratio that step is obtained, being heated to 85
DEG C, 15min is stirred, the 1/2 of initiator total amount is added after being cooled to 35 DEG C, stirs 10min, it is unsaturated single to add vinyl
Body total amount 1/2, step 2. 1/2 and crosslinking agent total amount of gained shuck powder total amount 1/2, stir 2h, obtained product is used
The alkali liquid washing that mass fraction is 20% is dry until constant weight, obtains cellulose base at 35 DEG C to pH=6.0, then by product；
5. starch matrix manufacturing: after the ratio of starch and water 1:5 in mass ratio are mixed, 20min is gelatinized at 85 DEG C, is then cooled down
To after 55 DEG C, first be added step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 1/2, be sufficiently stirred, it is total to add unsaturated vinyl monomer
The 1/2 of amount is added the 1/5 of crosslinking agent total amount, is sufficiently stirred after being warming up to 60 DEG C, add 1/2 and crosslinking of initiator total amount
The 3/10 of agent total amount after stirring 3min, stops stirring, under the protection of inert gas, polymerize it in 55 DEG C of constant temperature instead
2.5h is answered, resulting material is centrifugated, it is 20% alkali liquid washing to pH=7.0 that mass fraction, which is then added, is after dry
Obtain starch base；
6. mixed grinding: by step, 5. 4. cellulose base obtained is mixed for starch base and step obtained, adds sulfomethylated lignin
Sour sodium and step 3. resulting Pesticidal combination, grind into the powder of 0.2mm, sealed package can be prepared by after mixing
Anti-drought water-retaining agent.
Embodiment 2
Anti-drought water-retaining agent described in the present embodiment 2, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 10 parts of straw powder, shuck
2 parts of powder, 8 parts of starch, 80 parts of unsaturated vinyl monomer, 0.4 part of initiator, 0.48 part of crosslinking agent, 0.7 part of sodium lignin sulfonate
With 1.2 parts of Pesticidal combination, wherein unsaturated vinyl monomer select potassium acrylate, initiator use potassium peroxydisulfate, crosslinking agent
Using glycol methacrylate, stalk selects the mixture of sunflower straw and marigold stalk, and starch selects corn
Starch；Lye in the embodiment selects KOH solution, the production method of the anti-drought water-retaining agent, comprising the following steps:
1. the preparation of straw powder: it will be ground into respectively the particle that partial size is 0.35mm after ramulus mori and stalk removal of impurities dust removal, then
To crush obtained ramulus mori particle and stalk particle stirred and evenly mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:1.5 after mixture quality 10 is added
Lye again, and the mass fraction of lye is 18%, then 1.25 h, isolated filter residue, by filter residue 1.5MPa are boiled in heating
Middle pressure steam carry out the steaming of 7min, carry out hot pressing filter after taking out filter residue, the condition of hot pressing filter is exactly to be more than in filter residue temperature
At 40 DEG C, further be separated by solid-liquid separation to get straw powder is carried out to filter residue using filter press；
2. the preparation of shuck powder: clean walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut shell are selected, is respectively dried to moisture content < 10%,
Walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut the shell ratio of 1:2:1 in mass ratio are mixed to get mixture again, then mixture is placed in -20 DEG C
At a temperature of 1.2 h of freezing processing, finally the mixture after freezing is crushed, make mixture partial size be no more than 0.3mm, obtain
Shuck powder；
3. prepared by Pesticidal combination: first weighing the raw material of following mass parts: 8 parts of marigold, 3 parts of peppermint, 5 parts of Celastrus angulatus, Patrinia scaniosaefolia
Careless 2.5 parts, 8 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 2 parts of garlic, 3 parts of Chinese Ixeris, 5 parts of castor-oil plant, 3 parts of purslane, 4 parts of onion, 5 parts of Herba Anabasis aphyllae, it
Above-mentioned raw materials are respectively dried to moisture content < 5% afterwards, then each raw material is uniformly mixed, carry out the powder for being ground into 0.2mm,
Obtain Pesticidal combination；
4. cellulose base makes: after the ratio mixing of 1. straw powder and water 1:10 in mass ratio that step is obtained, being heated to 90
DEG C, 20min is stirred, the 7/12 of initiator total amount is added after being cooled to 50 DEG C, stirs 20min, it is unsaturated single to add vinyl
Body total amount 7/12, step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 5/8 and crosslinking agent total amount 8/15, stir 3h, obtained product
The alkali liquid washing for being 25% with mass fraction is dry until constant weight, obtains cellulose base at 50 DEG C to pH=7.0, then by product；
5. starch matrix manufacturing: after the ratio of starch and water 1:20 in mass ratio are mixed, 35min is gelatinized at 92 DEG C, is then dropped
Temperature to after 60 DEG C, be first added step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 3/8, be sufficiently stirred, add unsaturated vinyl monomer
The 5/12 of total amount is added the 1/5 of crosslinking agent total amount, is sufficiently stirred, adds 5/12 He of initiator total amount after being warming up to 70 DEG C
The 4/15 of crosslinking agent total amount after stirring 5min, stops stirring, under the protection of inert gas, gathers it in 65 DEG C of constant temperature
Reaction 3h is closed, resulting material is centrifugated, the alkali liquid washing that then addition mass fraction is 25% to pH=7.5, after dry
Up to starch base；
6. mixed grinding: by step, 5. 4. cellulose base obtained is mixed for starch base and step obtained, adds sulfomethylated lignin
Sour sodium and step 3. resulting Pesticidal combination, grind into the powder of 0.35mm, sealed package can be made after mixing
Obtain anti-drought water-retaining agent.
Embodiment 3:
Anti-drought water-retaining agent described in the present embodiment 3, as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 20 parts of straw powder, shuck
It 5 parts of powder, 15 parts of starch, 120 parts of unsaturated vinyl monomer, 1 part of initiator, 1 part of crosslinking agent, 1 part of sodium lignin sulfonate and kills
2 parts of worm composition, wherein unsaturated vinyl monomer selects acrylamide, initiator to use third using ammonium ceric nitrate, crosslinking agent
Triol diacrylate, stalk select careless class stalk, and starch selects rice starch；Lye in the embodiment selects NaOH molten
Liquid, the production method of the anti-drought water-retaining agent, comprising the following steps:
1. the preparation of straw powder: the particle that partial size is 0.4mm will be ground into respectively after ramulus mori and stalk removal of impurities dust removal, then will
The ramulus mori particle and stalk particle that crushing obtains are added 12 times of mixture quality after stirring and evenly mixing according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:2
Lye, and the mass fraction of lye is 20%, then 1.5 h, isolated filter residue, by filter residue in 3.0MPa are boiled in heating
It presses steam to carry out the steaming of 10 min, carries out hot pressing filter after taking out filter residue, it is more than 40 that the condition of hot pressing filter, which is exactly in filter residue temperature,
DEG C when, further be separated by solid-liquid separation to get straw powder is carried out to filter residue using filter press；
2. the preparation of shuck powder: clean walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut shell are selected, is respectively dried to moisture content < 10%,
Walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut the shell ratio of 1:1:2 in mass ratio are mixed to get mixture again, then mixture is placed in -15 DEG C
At a temperature of 2 h of freezing processing, finally the mixture after freezing is crushed, make mixture partial size be no more than 0.3mm, obtain hard
Shell powder；
3. prepared by Pesticidal combination: first weighing the raw material of following mass parts: 10 parts of marigold, 5 parts of peppermint, 8 parts of Celastrus angulatus, Patrinia scaniosaefolia
Careless 4 parts, 10 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 4 parts of garlic, 5 parts of Chinese Ixeris, 8 parts of castor-oil plant, 5 parts of purslane, 6 parts of onion, 8 parts of Herba Anabasis aphyllae, later
Above-mentioned raw materials are respectively dried to moisture content < 5%, then each raw material is uniformly mixed, the powder for being ground into 0.2mm is carried out, obtains
Pesticidal combination；
4. cellulose base makes: after the ratio mixing of 1. straw powder and water 1:25 in mass ratio that step is obtained, being heated to 95
DEG C, 30min is stirred, the 2/3 of initiator total amount is added after being cooled to 70 DEG C, stirs 30min, it is unsaturated single to add vinyl
Body total amount 2/3, step 2. 3/4 and crosslinking agent total amount of gained shuck powder total amount 2/3, stir 4h, obtained product is used
The alkali liquid washing that mass fraction is 30% is dry until constant weight, obtains cellulose base at 70 DEG C to pH=8.5, then by product；
5. starch matrix manufacturing: after the ratio of starch and water 1:30 in mass ratio are mixed, 60 min are gelatinized at 100 DEG C, then
After being cooled to 75 DEG C, be first added step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 1/4, be sufficiently stirred, it is unsaturated single to add vinyl
The 1/3 of body total amount is added the 1/5 of crosslinking agent total amount, is sufficiently stirred, adds 1/3 He of initiator total amount after being warming up to 80 DEG C
The 2/15 of crosslinking agent total amount after stirring 8min, stops stirring, under the protection of inert gas, gathers it in 75 DEG C of constant temperature
4.5 h of reaction are closed, resulting material is centrifugated, it is 30% alkali liquid washing to pH=8.5 that mass fraction, which is then added, dry
Afterwards up to starch base；
6. mixed grinding: by step, 5. 4. cellulose base obtained is mixed for starch base and step obtained, adds sulfomethylated lignin
Sour sodium and step 3. resulting Pesticidal combination, grind into the powder of 0.45mm, sealed package can be made after mixing
Obtain anti-drought water-retaining agent.
The anti-drought water-retaining agent made through above-described embodiment 1~3 respectively scribe area apply crops, flowers and plants and
In the cultivation of trees, good water retention can be played, and is retained the time also than using existing market in the cultivation of trees
On natural and modified high-molecular class water-retaining agent when increased, degraded using part anti-drought water-retaining agent after 2.5~3 years,
There is not the phenomenon that soil block, in cultivation, more than half was reduced than originally to the number of the fertilising of soil, crops, flower
Grass and trees also can normal growth even there is more preferably growing way, illustrate that anti-drought water-retaining agent can supply nutrients for plant, can
To effectively facilitate the growth of plant；Meanwhile usual incidental pest and disease damage calamity does not occur yet for crops, flowers and plants and trees
Evil.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of anti-drought water-retaining agent, it is characterised in that: as unit of parts by weight, including following raw material: 5~20 parts of straw powder, heavily fortified point
1~5 part of shell powder, 5~15 parts of starch, 15~120 parts of unsaturated vinyl monomer, 0.002~1 part of initiator, crosslinking agent
0.07~1 part, 0.1~1 part of sodium lignin sulfonate and 0.1~2 part of Pesticidal combination.
2. the production method of anti-drought water-retaining agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
1. the preparation of straw powder: that partial size is 0.3~0.4mm will be ground into respectively after ramulus mori and stalk removal of impurities dust removal
Grain, then will crush obtained ramulus mori particle and stalk particle stirred and evenly mixed according to the ratio of mass ratio 1:1~2 after mixture is added
The lye that 8~12 times of quality, and the mass fraction of lye is 15~20%, then 1~1.5 h, isolated filter are boiled in heating
Filter residue is carried out the steaming of 5~10 min by slag with low pressure steam, carries out hot pressing filter after taking out filter residue to get straw powder；
2. the preparation of shuck powder: clean walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut shell are selected, is respectively dried to moisture content < 10%,
The ratio of walnut shell, peanut shell, pine nut shell 1:1~2:1~2 in mass ratio is mixed to get mixture again, then mixture is set
1~2 h of freezing processing at a temperature of -28~-15 DEG C, finally crushes the mixture after freezing, obtains shuck powder；
3. prepared by Pesticidal combination: first weighing the raw material of following mass parts: 5~10 parts of marigold, 1~5 part of peppermint, Celastrus angulatus 2
~8 parts, 1~4 part of field pennycress, 5~10 parts of Dalmatian chrysanthemum, 1~4 part of garlic, 1~5 part of Chinese Ixeris, 2~8 parts of castor-oil plant, purslane 1~5
Part, 2~6 parts of onion, 2~8 parts of Herba Anabasis aphyllae, above-mentioned raw materials are respectively dried to moisture content < 5% later, then by each original
Material is uniformly mixed, and is crushed, obtains Pesticidal combination；
4. cellulose base makes: after the ratio mixing of 1. straw powder and water 1:5~25 in mass ratio that step is obtained, being heated to
85~95 DEG C, 15~30min is stirred, the 1/2~2/3 of addition initiator total amount after being cooled to 35~70 DEG C, stirring 10~
30min, add unsaturated vinyl monomer total amount 1/2~2/3, step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 1/2~3/4 and
2~4h, the alkali liquid washing that obtained product mass fraction is 20~30% to pH=are stirred in the 1/2~2/3 of crosslinking agent total amount
6.0~8.5, then product is dry until constant weight, obtains cellulose base at 35~70 DEG C；
5. starch matrix manufacturing: after the ratios of starch and water 1:5~30 in mass ratio is mixed, it is gelatinized 20 at 85~100 DEG C~
60 min, after being then cooled to 55~75 DEG C, first be added step 2. gained shuck powder total amount 1/4~1/2, be sufficiently stirred,
The 1/3~1/2 of unsaturated vinyl monomer total amount is added, the 1/5 of crosslinking agent total amount is added after being warming up to 60~80 DEG C, sufficiently
Stirring adds the 2/15~3/10 of 1/3~1/2 and crosslinking agent total amount of initiator total amount, after stirring 3~8min, stops stirring
Mix, under the protection of inert gas, make its 2.5~4.5 h of polymerization reaction in 55~75 DEG C of constant temperature, by resulting material from
Heart separation, it is 20~30% alkali liquid washing to pH=7.0~8.5 that mass fraction, which is then added, up to starch base after drying；
6. mixed grinding: by step, 5. 4. cellulose base obtained is mixed for starch base and step obtained, adds sulfomethylated lignin
Sour sodium and step 3. resulting Pesticidal combination, grind, sealed package can be prepared by anti-drought water-retaining agent after mixing.
3. the production method of anti-drought water-retaining agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 1., 4. and 5. in, institute
The lye stated is NaOH solution or KOH solution.
4. the production method of anti-drought water-retaining agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step 2. in select walnut
The moisture content of shell, peanut shell and pine nut shell < 15% when drying, are carried out at a temperature of 65~75 DEG C using air dry oven
Drying.
5. the production method of anti-drought water-retaining agent according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: it is described step 3. in each raw material
Drying and processing using heated-air circulation oven carry out, and before baking carry out 5~10cm cutoff process.
6. anti-drought water-retaining agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the stalk be corn stover, wheat stalk, to
Day certain herbaceous plants with big flowers stalk, marigold stalk, paddy stalk and the one such or two or more mixture of careless class stalk；The starch is
Cornstarch, konjaku flour, sweet potato starch, tapioca, potato starch, wheaten starch and rice starch are one such or two
Kind or more mixture.
7. anti-drought water-retaining agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the unsaturated vinyl monomer be acrylic acid,
Acrylates, acrylate, methacrylate, acrylamide and the one such or two or more mixture of acrylonitrile,
The initiator is potassium permanganate, potassium peroxydisulfate, potassium peroxydisulfate-ferrous sulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide-
Ferrous sulfate, benzoyl peroxide or ammonium ceric nitrate, the crosslinking agent are N, the double propylene of N- methylene-bisacrylamide, ethylene glycol
Acid esters, glycol methacrylate, diethylene glycol double methyl methacrylate, tirethylene glycol double methyl methacrylate,
Polyethylene glycol double methyl methacrylate, glycerine diacrylate or pentaerythritol triacrylate.
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