CN109430293B - Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato blight and promoting tomato growth, and preparation method, application method and application thereof - Google Patents
Pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato blight and promoting tomato growth, and preparation method, application method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109430293B CN109430293B CN201811278097.7A CN201811278097A CN109430293B CN 109430293 B CN109430293 B CN 109430293B CN 201811278097 A CN201811278097 A CN 201811278097A CN 109430293 B CN109430293 B CN 109430293B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
Abstract
A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth comprises nanometer carbon silica sol and Bacillus subtilis culture solution; the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol in the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-80 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts. The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth, the preparation method and the application method thereof provided by the invention can effectively prevent and treat the tomato wilt and promote tomato growth, and the effect is obviously greater than that of singly applying the nano carbon silica sol or the bacillus subtilis culture solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable crop cultivation, in particular to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato blight and promoting tomato growth, and a preparation method, an application method and application thereof.
Background
The tomato is rich in special substances such as vitamins, glutathione, lycopene and the like, can promote the growth and development of a human body, can enhance the resistance of the human body and delay aging after being frequently eaten, and becomes a popular good fruit product in life. With the gradual deepening of modern agricultural operation concepts, farmers, family farms and modern agricultural parks engaged in the large-scale production of vegetables are more and more, and the conditions of continuous cropping and excessive fertilization of tomatoes are more and more. The continuous cropping obstacle problem caused by the continuous cropping and the excessive fertilization of the tomatoes is mainly characterized in that the soil salinization is serious, the tomato root diseases caused by various fungi are gradually increased, and the tomato blight caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporum) seriously threatens the tomato production.
The bacillus subtilis can play a certain role in preventing and treating tomato blight. The bacillus subtilis is widely distributed in nature, can generate a plurality of antibacterial active substances in the growth and metabolism process, and the substances play an important role in preventing and treating plant diseases. The bacillus subtilis can be propagated and colonized on soil or plants in a large amount, and competes with other pathogenic bacteria for nutrition and space sites, so that the aim of preventing and treating plant diseases is fulfilled.
The nano carbon-silicon material is a carbon-silicon-based nano material and is prepared by utilizing electrolytic graphite and silicon dioxide, and the production equipment is simple and the process is simple and convenient. The carbon and the silicon elements widely exist in the soil, and the soil is environment-friendly. The nanometer carbon silicon material can be used as a soil conditioner by being matched with other substances. For example, patent No. 201410803683.4 entitled "a method for preparing soil conditioner" discloses the technical scheme as follows: the raw materials comprise 18-22% of nano carbon-silicon material, 19-21% of organic matter, 46-52% of nutrient source and 8-12% of biological bacteria by mass percent, the organic matter, the nano carbon-silicon material, the biological bacteria and the nutrient source are sequentially added into a sealed stainless steel full-automatic stirrer, stirred for 1 hour at normal temperature, packaged by an aluminum plastic film lining bag and stored in a constant temperature or shade; wherein the biological bacteria are Brevibacillus laterosporus or Penicillium; the nano carbon-silicon material adopts nano carbon-silicon solution or carbon-silicon powder; wherein the pH value of the nano carbon-silicon material is 2-3; wherein, the nutrient source consists of organic nitrogen, organic phosphorus and organic potassium.
The scheme reduces the pH value of the soil through the nano carbon-silicon solution, biological bacteria and other compositions to achieve the aim of improving the soil, but the scheme does not describe the content of preventing and treating the tomato blight and promoting the tomato growth.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, there is a need for a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato blight and promoting tomato growth.
Also provides a preparation method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth.
It is also necessary to provide an application method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth.
A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth comprises nanometer carbon silica sol and Bacillus subtilis culture solution; nano carbon silica sol and a bacillus subtilis culture solution; the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol in the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-90 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts.
A preparation method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth comprises the following steps:
step S001, preparing the nano carbon silica sol: mixing the carbon-silicon composite with water according to the proportion of (0.65-1%): (99.35-99%) by mass, and the sum of the mass percentages of the carbon-silicon composite and the water is 1 to obtain nano carbon-silicon sol;
step S002, preparing a bacillus subtilis culture solution: culturing the strain ACCC19742 in NB liquid at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 48 h;
and step S003, mixing the nanocarbon silicasol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution according to a preset proportion to obtain the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth.
An application method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth comprises the following steps:
step S101, in the tomato seedling stage, adding nano carbon silica sol with the pH of 2-3 and the concentration of 108CFU/mL of a bacillus subtilis culture solution is prepared according to the ratio of 10-30: mixing the components in a volume ratio of 70-90 to obtain a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth;
step S102, diluting the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth in the step S101 by 300 times to obtain a diluent;
and step S103, irrigating the diluent to the roots of the tomatoes, and irrigating 100 ml of diluent for each tomato plant.
The invention also provides application of the pharmaceutical composition comprising the nano carbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution in preventing and treating tomato blight.
The invention also provides application of the pharmaceutical composition comprising the nanocarbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution in promoting the growth of tomatoes.
Has the advantages that: the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth, the preparation method and the application method thereof provided by the invention can effectively prevent and treat the tomato wilt and promote tomato growth, and the effect is obviously greater than that of singly applying the nano carbon silica sol or the bacillus subtilis culture solution.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following embodiments are specifically described.
A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth comprises nanometer carbon silica sol and Bacillus subtilis culture solution; the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol in the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-90 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts.
Further, the nano carbon silica sol comprises a carbon-silicon compound and water,the PH value of the nano carbon silica sol is 2-3, the carbon-silicon compound accounts for 0.65-1% of the total mass of the nano carbon silica sol, the water accounts for 99.35-99% of the total mass of the nano carbon silica sol, the particle size of the carbon-silicon compound is 10-25 nm, and the strain concentration of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 108CFU/mL。
A preparation method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth comprises the following steps:
step S001, preparing the nano carbon silica sol: mixing the carbon-silicon composite with water according to the proportion of (0.65-1%): (99.35-99%) by mass, and the sum of the mass percentages of the carbon-silicon composite and the water is 1 to obtain nano carbon-silicon sol;
step S002, preparing a bacillus subtilis culture solution: culturing the strain ACCC19742 in NB liquid at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 48 h;
and step S003, mixing the nanocarbon silicasol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution according to a preset proportion to obtain the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth.
Further, the NB liquid is prepared by: mixing peptone, beef extract, NaCl and distilled water according to the proportion of 10: 3: 15: 1000 to obtain a mixed solution, and sterilizing the mixed solution at the temperature of 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain the NB liquid.
An application method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth comprises the following steps:
step S101, in the tomato seedling stage, adding nano carbon silica sol with the pH of 2-3 and the concentration of 108CFU/mL of a bacillus subtilis culture solution is prepared according to the ratio of 10-30: mixing the components in a volume ratio of 70-90 to obtain a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth;
step S102, diluting the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth in the step S101 by 300 times to obtain a diluent;
and step S103, irrigating the diluent to the roots of the tomatoes, and irrigating 100 ml of diluent for each tomato plant.
In another preferred embodiment, the application method of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato blight and promoting the tomato growth is flushing application, and specifically, the nanocarbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution are mixed on site according to the components to prepare the pharmaceutical composition, the pharmaceutical composition is added into a fertilizing tank and flushed into the field along with drip irrigation, and the pharmaceutical composition is applied for 2-3L/mu, and is applied for 2-3 times per growth period.
The pharmaceutical composition comprising the nanocarbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution is applied to preventing and treating tomato blight. Furthermore, the volume parts of the nanocarbon silica sol are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-90 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nanocarbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts.
The pharmaceutical composition containing the nanocarbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution is applied to promoting the growth of tomatoes. Furthermore, the volume parts of the nanocarbon silica sol are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-90 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nanocarbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts.
The effects of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention will be illustrated by specific experiments below.
Example 1 control test for field resistance to tomato wilt
The control test was selected at the test base of the horticulture academy of Ningxia university. The test field is a field block for planting tomatoes for many years, field blight occurs seriously, and meanwhile, due to planting for many years, continuous cropping obstacle of soil is serious. The test was divided into four quarters for four control tests. The tomato test variety is millennium, the variety is purchased from farmo friend seedling (China) limited company, the tomato is planted by roots, the field test is carried out by adopting a root irrigation mode in the seedling stage, and the tomato is planted in 20 days in 2018, 4 months.
The specific test procedure is as follows:
pharmaceutical composition group: preparing a pharmaceutical composition according to 10 parts by volume of the nano carbon silica sol and 90 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution, diluting the pharmaceutical composition by 300 times to obtain a diluent, and irrigating 100 ml of the diluent for each tomato plant.
Nano carbon silica sol group: diluting the nano carbon silica sol by 300 times by 100 parts by volume to obtain a nano carbon silica sol diluent, and pouring 100 milliliters of the nano carbon silica sol diluent into each tomato plant.
Bacillus subtilis culture solution group: diluting 100 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution by 300 times to obtain the bacillus subtilis culture diluent, and irrigating 100 milliliters of the bacillus subtilis culture diluent for each tomato plant.
Blank control group: each tomato was irrigated with 100 ml of water as a blank control.
As shown in table 1, tomato wilt starts to occur in the field in succession after field planting, and the disease index of blank control reaches 56.24 and the disease is serious after investigation within 20 days 5/2018, namely 30 days after field planting, and the control effects of the pharmaceutical composition group, the nanocarbon silica sol group and the bacillus subtilis culture solution group are 78.04%, 23.09% and 63.82% respectively. The bacillus subtilis has better control effect on the blight when used alone, and the nano carbon silica sol has certain effect on the blight when used alone, but is not obvious. The using effect of the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato blight and promoting the tomato growth prepared according to 10 parts by volume of the nano carbon silica sol and 90 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is obviously better than that of other test groups.
Table 1: field test effect for preventing and treating tomato wilt
| Group of | Mean disease index | The control effect is% |
| Pharmaceutical composition group | 12.35 | 78.04 |
| Nano carbon silica sol group | 43.25 | 23.09 |
| Bacillus subtilis culture solution | 20.35 | 63.82 |
| Blank control | 56.24 | —— |
Example 2 control test for field prevention of tomato wilt
The control test was selected at the test base of the horticulture academy of Ningxia university. The test field is a field block for planting tomatoes for many years, field blight occurs seriously, and meanwhile, due to planting for many years, continuous cropping obstacle of soil is serious. The test was divided into four quarters for four control tests. The tomato test variety is millennium, the variety is purchased from farmo friend seedling (China) limited company, is planted by roots, is subjected to field test in a seedling stage root irrigation mode, and is planted in 2018 for 4 months and 25 days.
The specific test procedure is as follows:
pharmaceutical composition group: preparing a pharmaceutical composition according to 30 parts by volume of the nano carbon silica sol and 70 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution, diluting the pharmaceutical composition by 300 times to obtain a diluent, and irrigating 100 ml of the diluent for each tomato plant.
Nano carbon silica sol group: diluting the nano carbon silica sol by 300 times by 100 parts by volume to obtain a nano carbon silica sol diluent, and pouring 100 milliliters of the nano carbon silica sol diluent into each tomato plant.
Bacillus subtilis culture solution group: diluting 100 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution by 300 times to obtain the bacillus subtilis culture diluent, and irrigating 100 milliliters of the bacillus subtilis culture diluent for each tomato plant.
Blank control group: each tomato was irrigated with 100 ml of water as a blank control.
As shown in table 2, tomato wilt starts to occur in the field in succession after field planting, and the disease index of blank control reaches 46.36 and the disease is serious in the field investigation after 5-25 days in 2018, namely 30 days after field planting, and the control effects of the pharmaceutical composition group, the nano carbon silica sol group and the bacillus subtilis culture solution group are 71.40%, 30.18% and 58.26% respectively. The single use of the bacillus subtilis has a better effect on controlling the blight, the single use of the nano carbon silica sol has a certain effect on the blight, but the effect is not obvious, and the effect of the pharmaceutical composition for controlling the tomato blight and promoting the tomato growth, which is prepared according to 30 parts by volume of the nano carbon silica sol and 70 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution, is obviously better than the effect of the single use. Meanwhile, in order to illustrate the prevention effect of the pharmaceutical composition under different planting time, the planting of 25 days in 4 months is selected in example 2, and tests show that the different planting time has small influence on the using effect of the pharmaceutical composition.
Table 2: field test effect for preventing and treating tomato wilt
| Group of | Mean disease index | The control effect is% |
| Pharmaceutical composition group | 13.26 | 71.40 |
| Nano carbon silica sol group | 32.37 | 30.18 |
| Bacillus subtilis culture solution | 19.35 | 58.26 |
| Blank control | 46.36 | —— |
Example 3 control of growth promotion in the field
The control test site is a solar greenhouse newly developed in the test base of the gardening academy of Ningxia university. The control test is divided into five groups, namely a drug composition group 1, a drug composition group 2, a carbon nano-silica sol group, a bacillus subtilis culture solution group and a blank control group. Five control tests were performed in the same solar greenhouse to ensure the same internal environment of the solar greenhouse. The field in the sunlight greenhouse is clean and free of pathogenic bacteria, and the normal growth of the tomatoes can be ensured. The field base fertilizer is normally used and comprises 2 square/mu of fermented sheep manure and 25 kg/mu of 15-15-15 ternary compound fertilizer. After the root irrigation treatment, only watering treatment is carried out, and no water-soluble fertilizer is applied. The tomato test variety is millennium, the variety is purchased from farmo friend seedling (China) limited company, the tomato is planted by roots, the field test is carried out by adopting a root irrigation mode in the seedling stage, and the tomato is planted in 5 months and 20 days in 2018.
The specific test procedure is as follows:
pharmaceutical composition group 1: preparing a pharmaceutical composition according to 10 parts by volume of the nano carbon silica sol and 90 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution, diluting the pharmaceutical composition by 300 times to obtain a diluent, and irrigating 100 ml of the diluent for each tomato plant.
Pharmaceutical composition group 2: preparing a pharmaceutical composition according to 30 parts by volume of the nano carbon silica sol and 70 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution, diluting the pharmaceutical composition by 300 times to obtain a diluent, and irrigating 100 ml of the diluent for each tomato plant.
Nano carbon silica sol group: diluting the nano carbon silica sol by 300 times by 100 parts by volume to obtain a nano carbon silica sol diluent, and pouring 100 milliliters of the nano carbon silica sol diluent into each tomato plant.
B, bacillus subtilis group: diluting 100 parts by volume of the bacillus subtilis culture solution by 300 times to obtain the bacillus subtilis culture diluent, and irrigating 100 milliliters of the bacillus subtilis culture diluent for each tomato plant.
Blank control group: each tomato was irrigated with 100 ml of water as a blank control.
The study was carried out 30 days after the planting, i.e., 2018, 6 months and 20 days, at which time the tomatoes entered the flowering and fruit setting stage. The medicinal composition groups 1 and 2 have significant promoting effects on the data of plant height, stem thickness, compound leaf length and leaf width compared with a blank control group. In other three groups, the nanocarbon sol group with the best tomato growth condition has the growth promotion rates of 27.69% and 10.77%, the plant height and the leaf length and the leaf width are promoted to different degrees, the growth promotion rate of the plant height reaches 36.17%, and the growth promotion rates of the leaf length and the leaf width are 23.33% and 20.65% respectively, but the effect is obviously inferior to that of the pharmaceutical composition group 1 and the pharmaceutical composition group 2. The medicinal composition has obvious effect of enhancing the growth of the tomatoes and is obviously higher than two independent components.
The pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth has the prevention and treatment effects which cannot be achieved by singly using the nano carbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution when preventing and treating the tomato wilt, and meanwhile, the pharmaceutical composition can also promote the tomato growth, and the effect of promoting the tomato growth is far better than the effect of singly using the nano carbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth is characterized in that: comprises nano carbon silica sol and a bacillus subtilis culture solution; the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol in the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-90 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts.
2. The pharmaceutical composition for controlling tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the nano carbon silica sol comprises a carbon silica compound and water, the pH of the nano carbon silica sol is 2-3, the carbon silica compound accounts for 0.65-1% of the total mass of the nano carbon silica sol, the water accounts for 99.35-99% of the total mass of the nano carbon silica sol, the particle size of the carbon silica compound is 10-25 nm, and the strain concentration of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 108CFU/m L。
3. A preparation method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step S001, preparing the nano carbon silica sol: mixing the carbon-silicon composite with water according to the proportion of (0.65-1%): (99.35-99%) by mass, and the sum of the mass percentages of the carbon-silicon compound and the water is 1 to obtain the nano carbon-silicon sol:
step S002, preparing a bacillus subtilis culture solution: culturing the strain ACCC19742 in NB liquid at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 48 h;
step S003, mixing the nanocarbon silica sol and the bacillus subtilis culture solution according to the ratio of (10-30): (70-90) and the sum of the volume ratio of the nano carbon silica sol to the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 to obtain the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth.
4. The method for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for controlling tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth as claimed in claim 3, wherein the pharmaceutical composition comprises: the NB liquid in step S002 is prepared by: mixing peptone, beef extract, NaCl and distilled water according to the proportion of 10: 3: 15: 1000 to obtain a mixed solution, and sterilizing the mixed solution at the temperature of 121 ℃ for 20min to obtain the NB liquid.
5. An application method of a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S101, in the tomato seedling stage, adding nano carbon silica sol with the pH of 2-3 and the concentration of 108The bacillus subtilis culture solution of CFU/m L is prepared according to the ratio of 10-30: mixing the components in a volume ratio of 70-90 to obtain a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting the tomato growth;
step S102, diluting the pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating the tomato wilt and promoting tomato growth in the step S101 by 300 times to obtain a diluent;
and step S103, irrigating the diluent to the roots of the tomatoes, and irrigating 100 ml of diluent for each tomato plant.
6. An application of a pharmaceutical composition comprising nanocarbon silica sol and a bacillus subtilis culture solution in preventing and treating tomato wilt; the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-90 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts.
7. An application of a pharmaceutical composition comprising nanocarbon silica sol and Bacillus subtilis culture solution in promoting tomato growth; the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol are 10-30 parts, the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution are 70-90 parts, and the sum of the volume parts of the nano carbon silica sol and the volume parts of the bacillus subtilis culture solution is 100 parts.
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| CN109430293A (en) | 2019-03-08 |
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