CN104145732A - Ecological control method for Chuzhou chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacles - Google Patents
Ecological control method for Chuzhou chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacles Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145732A CN104145732A CN201410417141.3A CN201410417141A CN104145732A CN 104145732 A CN104145732 A CN 104145732A CN 201410417141 A CN201410417141 A CN 201410417141A CN 104145732 A CN104145732 A CN 104145732A
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- chrysanthemum
- chu chrysanthemum
- wheat
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ecological control method for Chuzhou chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacles. In order to overcome the continuous cropping obstacles caused by the situation that Chuzhou chrysanthemums are planted on the same land in successive years, a method for cultivation of disease-free strong seedlings and multiple cropping and crop rotation of chrysanthemums and wheat is adopted, regulation and intervention are performed in an ecological manner, and a good effect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The Ecological preventive way of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle relates to a Prevention Technique for Chu chrysanthemum disease, more specifically says it is a kind of Ecological preventive way of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle.
Background technology
Chu Chrysanthemum medicine, the dual-purpose good merchantable brand of tea, it is medicinal, health care is worth and occupies first of national 4 your name chrysanthemums, have the good reputation of " golden heart adolph stonecrop, emerald green base of a fruit sky is fragrant ".The famous genunie medicinal materials in Chu Jushi Anhui Province, national geography famous special product, national non-polluted farm product, Chinese brand name agricultural product, be also the unique agricultural product of enjoying national standard of Chuzhou City.For many years, the plantation of Chu chrysanthemum adopts the cropping pattern of continuous cropping always, on same soil, solely plants Chu chrysanthemum year after year.At this cropping pattern, cause soil fertility to decline rapidly for many years, soil nutrient serious unbalance, soil microflora is dull, the ability of regulation and control degradation of soil to self hot water gas fertilizer, soil ecology balance is seriously damaged.On this soil, the pathogenic microorganisms in various soil is expanded rapidly, and chrysanthemum seedling is caused to serious harm, and plant strain growth is stagnated, and disease is serious, and blade is withered, even a large amount of dead seedlings, output degradation.Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle has become the bottleneck of this district Chu chrysanthemum industrialized development.
In the face of this situation, a large amount of discussions is carried out to the method for preventing and treating of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle in locality, what have directly sprays the pre-disease prevention of various bactericide in field, what have carries out the root irrigation of bactericide to chrysanthemum seedling, the rich water supply in some adjustings field, but suit the remedy to the case because failing eventually, thereby poor effect.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency existing for prior art, a kind of Ecological preventive way of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle is provided.
The present invention is achieved in that
An Ecological preventive way for Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle, comprises field cuttage and seedling culture, transplanting, applies fertilizer, waters, pinching, it is characterized in that, it also comprises cultivates anosis strong sprout and chrysanthemum wheat Multiple Cropping Rotation;
Specific practice is:
(1) cultivate anosis strong sprout:
1. seedling source sterilization: in mid or late May, intercept Chu chrysanthemum fringe bar from detoxification Chu chrysanthemum maternal plant, adopt medicament to urge root, sterilization treatment to fringe bar;
2. point disk seedling growing: carry out cuttage and seedling culture by aseptic matrix in the dish of cave, cultivate anosis healthy and strong chrysanthemum seedling;
(2) chrysanthemum wheat Multiple Cropping Rotation: change traditional Chu chrysanthemum cropping pattern of single continuous cropping year after year, become the Multiple Cropping Rotation pattern of annual chrysanthemum one wheat, plant wheat annual autumn, transplant Chu chrysanthemum to field in mid or late June in summer after harvesting wheat.
The described mixed solution that is employing state light root-growing agent, fungicide carbendazim and water 1:1:1000 to the processing method of the short root of fringe bar, sterilizing soaks the Chu chrysanthemum fringe bar 5min that treats cuttage.Described aseptic substrate is vermiculite and the perlitic homogeneous mixture of volume ratio 1:1.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention changes the control method of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle in the past, from cultivating anosis strong sprout, starts with two aspects of improving the ecological environment, and works along both lines, effectively alleviated the harm of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle, under the prerequisite that does not reduce Chu chrysanthemum output, increased the harvest of a harvest wheat, killed two birds with one stone, brought out the best in each other.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1, materials and methods
In 2011,2012, in the Chuzhou City Shi Ji of Anhui Ju Taichuju draft Science and Technology Ltd. base, carry out a kind of Ecological preventive way test of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle.This base has been carried out and has been reached Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping in 10 years plantation, and soil is yellowish soil, and quality is sandy loam, and land occupation condition is good, physiochemical properties of soil: organic 7.8 g/kg, pH 6.1, full nitrogen (N) 0.51g/kg, full phosphorus (P
2o
5) 1.06g/kg, full potassium (K
2o) 26g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (N) 73.4mg/kg, Olsen-P10.4mg/kg, available potassium (K
2o) 170mg/kg.
Test adopts randomised block design, community area 120m
2, repeat for 3 times.Phosphate fertilizer and Potassium Fertilizer are respectively per hectare and execute P
2o
5225kg, K
2o 120kg, wherein phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are respectively superphosphate and potassium sulfate, make base manure once cover bottom application and enter with apply fertilizer.
For examination material, be Chu chrysanthemum, two kinds of Chu chrysanthemum cropping patterns, i.e. Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping (CK) pattern, Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle bionomic control (SF) pattern.
The technical step of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle bionomic control (SF) pattern is as follows:
(1) Miao Yuan sterilization: intercepted Chu chrysanthemum fringe bar May 20 from detoxification Chu chrysanthemum maternal plant, adopt the mixed solution of state's light root-growing agent, fungicide carbendazim and water 1:1:1000 to soak the Chu chrysanthemum fringe bar 5min that treats cuttage;
(2) cultivate anosis strong sprout: vermiculite and the perlitic homogeneous mixture of volume ratio 1:1 of take is cultivation matrix, in the dish of cave, carry out cuttage and seedling culture, cultivate anosis healthy and strong chrysanthemum seedling;
(3) chrysanthemum wheat Multiple Cropping Rotation: on the soil after last year Chu chrysanthemum results, plant wheat, after harvesting wheat, level land in time, June 25 by chrysanthemum transplantation of seedlings to field.
2, result
The Ecological preventive way benefit of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle is in Table 1.
The performance analysis of table 1 Chu chrysanthemum Ecological preventive way
As can be seen from Table 1, Chu chrysanthemum bionomic control mode treatment shortens 43 days than normal mode growing stage, for wheat crop rotation provides grace time, increases by a harvest wheat plantation, has improved land utilization rate, the wheat 520kg that increases income per mu.The Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle incidence of disease of bionomic control pattern is 16%, than the reduction of the normal mode incidence of disease 83% 67%, output per mu has increased 344kg, adopts the Ecological preventive way of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle of the present invention effectively to control the generation of Chu chrysanthemum disease.With regard to economic benefit, compare with Chu chrysanthemum normal mode, 3480 yuan of Chu chrysanthemum ecologic planting pattern increases per mu, remarkable benefit, has effectively transferred chrysanthemum agriculture plantation enthusiasm.
Principle of the present invention:
The present invention is divided into anosis strong sprout of cultivation and two parts of Mai Ju Multiple Cropping Rotation.Cultivate healthy and strong anosis chrysanthemum seedling, form healthy and strong seedling body, its strong adaptability, strong stress resistance, root system is powerful, and absorbing capacity is strong, grows vigorous, is the internal cause that overcomes continuous cropping obstacle.In specific practice, first with carbendazim, cuttings is carried out to sterilization, and then cuttage grows seedlings in aseptic matrix, can stop the various harmful microbes infringements in field, thereby cultivate healthy and strong seedling.Carbendazim is a kind of bactericide of broad spectrum type, can produce prevention effect to many plant diseases, and state's light root-growing agent can promote cuttings early to take root, and early survives, and sends out soon seedling, forms powerful individuality.The seedling medium perlite that we adopt and vermiculite are all the products forming through the high-temperature calcination of several Baidu, do not contain various phytopathogens, and the matrix water suction moisture holding capacity that this bi-material is mixed to form is strong, good permeability, be particularly conducive to the cuttage root-taking of Chu chrysanthemum seedling, cultivate strong sprout.
Single cropping Chu chrysanthemum is changed into chrysanthemum, wheat Multiple Cropping Rotation year after year, inserts a harvest wheat in the continuous cropping pattern of Chu chrysanthemum, and this cropping pattern has many-sided benefit.Under traditional Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping cropping pattern, from Chu chrysanthemum, gather in the crops the chrysanthemum seedling of planting of next year, in the first tenday period of a month in May from early November to next year, have the soil idle periods about half a year, the photo-thermal resource of this period is not all utilized fully, runs off in vain and goes.Utilize this period plantation wheat exactly to make up above-mentioned deficiency, utilized fully resource, increased the harvest of a harvest wheat.Plantation wheat makes the farming of Chu chrysanthemum and production capacity structure that great change occur, and Chu chrysanthemum was planted and to be become the summer and plant by the spring, and shorten vegetative period, and plantation becomes short and small, and individual flower yield obviously reduces, and this can obviously reduce yield per unit area and the income of chrysanthemum.To this, we adopt the strategy that increases plantation density successfully to solve.
Insert after grow wheat in Chu chrysanthemum field, and great change has also occurred the ecotope of field soil.First, under the continuous single continuous cropping mode of traditional Chu chrysanthemum, soil fertility is unidirectional successively decreasing for years, the overnutrition loss that Chu chrysanthemum is liked, the soil nutrient that Chu chrysanthemum is not liked does not make full use of and occurs accumulation more than needed, and the nutritional autagonism effect of various complexity occurs in soil, the nutrition lacking is lacked more, cause soil nutrient serious unbalance, chrysanthemum seedling is more long poorer, although enrich fertilizer, is also difficult to prove effective.At such field planting wheat, because the Chu chrysanthemum of wheat gramineous and composite family is widely different aspect nutritional need, the trophic structure of soil has been formed to effective adjusting, soil nutrient tends to balance, the nutrient environment of Chu chrysanthemum is also tending towards improving, the growth of chrysanthemum seedling is improved greatly.
The continuous cropping of Chu chrysanthemum, the accumulation due to some self physiological metabolism product, can produce physiology to the growth of Chu chrysanthemum and suppress, and forms " from poison ".Chrysanthemum wheat Multiple Cropping Rotation is conducive to reduce or eliminate these harmful substances.
The variation of chrysanthemum wheat crop rotation also occurs in the change of edaphon.After the crop rotation of chrysanthemum wheat, leading biology in soil alternately, beneficial microbe group diversity, population quantity and active can significantly increasing in soil, structure of soil microbial community stability and function have been strengthened, effectively kept soil and plant rhizosphere microecological system balance, antagonism is even killed soil-borne pathogen, is effectively reduced lower batch damage by disease and insect, then promotes the growth of Chu chrysanthemum, significantly alleviates stagnant length, disease, the extremely harm of seedling obstacle that the continuous cropping of Chu chrysanthemum produces.
In sum.The present invention takes the inside and outside strategy of minoring, and take ecological regulating measure as main, not only improves self diathesis but also improve the ecological environment, and both diseases prevention was kept a full stand of seedings, and reduced expenditure and increased income again, had obtained beyond thought beneficial effect.
Claims (3)
1. an Ecological preventive way for Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle, comprises field cuttage and seedling culture, transplanting, applies fertilizer, waters, pinching, it is characterized in that, it also comprises cultivates anosis strong sprout and chrysanthemum wheat Multiple Cropping Rotation;
Specific practice is:
(1) cultivate anosis strong sprout:
1. seedling source sterilization: in mid or late May, intercept Chu chrysanthemum fringe bar from detoxification Chu chrysanthemum maternal plant, adopt medicament to urge root, sterilization treatment to fringe bar;
2. point disk seedling growing: carry out cuttage and seedling culture by aseptic matrix in the dish of cave, cultivate anosis healthy and strong chrysanthemum seedling;
(2) chrysanthemum wheat Multiple Cropping Rotation: rotation system is annual chrysanthemum one wheat, plants wheat annual autumn, after harvesting wheat, in mid or late June in summer, transplants Chu chrysanthemum to field.
2. the Ecological preventive way of a kind of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the described mixed solution that is employing state light root-growing agent, fungicide carbendazim and water 1:1:1000 to the processing method of the short root of fringe bar, sterilizing soaks the Chu chrysanthemum fringe bar 5min that treats cuttage.
3. the Ecological preventive way of a kind of Chu chrysanthemum continuous cropping obstacle according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described aseptic substrate is vermiculite and the perlitic homogeneous mixture of volume ratio 1:1.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105493867A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-20 | 南京农业大学 | Technology for continuously culturing chrysanthemum morifolium ramat and prunella vulgaris in Subei coastal areas |
| CN108142238A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-12 | 安徽林昊农业发展有限公司 | A kind of chrysanthemum implantation methods |
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| CN102754560A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-10-31 | 安徽菊泰滁菊草本科技有限公司 | Method for high-quality chuzhou chrysanthemum hole tray cuttage seedling culture |
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2014
- 2014-08-23 CN CN201410417141.3A patent/CN104145732A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20070084847A (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2007-08-27 | 남 종 김 | Producing method of fertilizer using sea star as main component |
| CN102754560A (en) * | 2012-08-06 | 2012-10-31 | 安徽菊泰滁菊草本科技有限公司 | Method for high-quality chuzhou chrysanthemum hole tray cuttage seedling culture |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
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| 徐雷，陈科力: "湖北福白菊生产中存在的主要问题及探讨", 《现代中药研究与实践》 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105493867A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-04-20 | 南京农业大学 | Technology for continuously culturing chrysanthemum morifolium ramat and prunella vulgaris in Subei coastal areas |
| CN108142238A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-06-12 | 安徽林昊农业发展有限公司 | A kind of chrysanthemum implantation methods |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |