CN109429955A - A kind of implantation methods of upland rice - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN109429955A CN109429955A CN201811575415.6A CN201811575415A CN109429955A CN 109429955 A CN109429955 A CN 109429955A CN 201811575415 A CN201811575415 A CN 201811575415A CN 109429955 A CN109429955 A CN 109429955A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice of the present invention, comprising the following steps: (1) breeding upland rice seed rice；(2) plot is handled；(3) upland rice seed rice is handled；(4) bunch planting；(5) water management；(6) fertilizer management.A kind of implantation methods of upland rice of the present invention spray brassinosteroid when upland rice ears flowering, can effectively improve outcrossing seed-setting rate；Scientific breeding upland rice seed rice makes 400 kilograms of upland rice per mu yield or more, and the germination percentage of seed rice is up to 98% or more, and for head rice rate up to 60%~65%, head rice rate promotes 10% or so.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of upland rice.
Background technique
Upland rice is called dryland rice.By rice, domestication for a long time develops one formed environmental work under the conditions of the nonirrigated farmland of no water layer
Object.It adapts in dry-land cultivation, can also be planted in paddy field or depression, be mainly distributed on summer rainwater stabilization but lack irrigation conditions
The low laying areas of nonirrigated farmland, hillside or spring drought and summer and autumn easily flood.There is a small amount of cultivation in China, rice belt, north and south.Stem, the leaf of dryland rice
Sturdy in great numbers, blade is wider, and color is light, well developed root system, and root hair is more, and the osmotic pressure of root and the cell juice concentration of blade are higher, resistance to morning,
Heat-resisting, water absorbing force is strong.
Upland rice yield is generally below rice at present, and rice milling yield is low, and rice matter is also more secondary, and upland rice plantation is mostly primary sowing harvesting
Once, in the case where primary sowing harvesting twice, the yield of secondary harvesting is very low, and the economic benefit is not high.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of yield height, meter Zhi Hao, can secondary harvesting drought
The implantation methods of rice.
To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of implantation methods of upland rice, including it is following
Step:
(1) breeding upland rice seed rice: 1) with " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line be female parent, using drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety as
Male parent；2) by the maternal and paternal hybrid, maturity period sowing obtains first familiar generation；It 3) is female parent with the first familiar generation, it is extensive
Multiple system's " five mountains silk seedling " is paternal hybrid, when upland rice ears flowering, sprays brassinosteroid, maturity period sowing obtains hybridization F2
Generation, the dosage of the brassinosteroid are 25 grams/acre~30 grams/acre；4) the hybridization F2 generation is sowed, and sterility of anthers strain is cut
Stubble regeneration, maturity period harvest seed to get the upland rice seed rice；
(2) plot is handled: selecting the nonirrigated farmland of fertile soil, weeding, site preparation of ploughing obtains plot to be sowed；
(3) upland rice seed rice is handled: being weighed the upland rice seed rice, is 2 ‰ by the mass percent that upland rice seed rice is put into compound sodium nitrophenolate
15h~22h to be impregnated in~5 ‰ sterile water, obtains upland rice seed rice to be broadcast, the amount of weighing of the upland rice seed rice is 4 kgs/acre~
6 kgs/acre；
(4) bunch planting: upland rice seed rice to be broadcast is seeded into wait sow on plot, and cave depth is the ㎝ of 2.2 ㎝~2.8, every bunch planting when bunch planting
Kind upland rice seed rice 3~5, earthing after the completion of bunch planting, thickness of earth covering are the ㎝ of 1.5 ㎝~1.8；
(5) water management: diversion in 3 days~5 days exhausts water after impregnating sowing plot 5h~8h after the completion of bunch planting, after the completion of draining
It spreads in sowing plot with a thickness of the dry rice straw of the ㎝ of 0.5 ㎝~1.2；Upland rice heading flowering applies biogas slurry 300 kgs/acre~500
Kg/acre；8 days~15 days 400 kgs/acre~600 kgs/acre of application biogas slurries after upland rice harvesting；
(6) fertilizer management: apply 100 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer~120 kg/mu in sowing plot before bunch planting；Upland rice harvesting preceding 10
It~it is affixed by within 15 days 40 kgs/acre~60 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer.
Preferably, the breeding method of the drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety in the step (1) are as follows: with upland rice and rice be parent
This hybridization, constantly screening, homozygous, the incubation drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety that Drought hardiness is strong, performance is stable.
Preferably, the plantation of " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line and drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety is close in the step (1)
Degree is than being 3:2.2~2.5.
Preferably, the method for sterility of anthers strain is determined in the step (1) are as follows: anther is smashed to pieces to and is put into the load of low power lens
On slide, liquor kalii iodide 1~2 is added dropwise and drips, is observed by eyepiece, that is, can determine upland rice male sterility degree.
Preferably, the dosage of brassinosteroid is 28 grams/acre in the step (1).
Preferably, the upland rice seed rice is weighed in the step (3), upland rice seed rice is put into the quality percentage of compound sodium nitrophenolate
Number obtains upland rice seed rice to be broadcast, the amount of weighing of the upland rice seed rice is 5 kgs/acre to impregnate 18h in 3 ‰ sterile water.
Preferably, upland rice seed rice to be broadcast is seeded into wait sow on plot in the step (4), cave depth is 2.5 when bunch planting
㎝, every bunch planting kind upland rice seed rice 4, earthing after the completion of bunch planting, thickness of earth covering is 1.7 ㎝.
Preferably, diversion in 4 days exhausts water after impregnating sowing plot 6h after the completion of bunch planting in the step (5), has drained
It spreads after in sowing plot with a thickness of the dry rice straw of 0.8 ㎝；Upland rice heading flowering applies 400 kgs/acre of biogas slurry；Upland rice harvesting
500 kgs/acre of biogas slurry of application in 10 days afterwards.
Preferably, apply 110 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer in sowing plot before bunch planting in the step (6)；Upland rice harvesting preceding 12
It is affixed by 50 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer.
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice of the present invention spray brassinosteroid when upland rice ears flowering, can effectively improve different
Hand over setting percentage；Scientific breeding upland rice seed rice, makes 400 kilograms of upland rice per mu yield or more, and the germination percentage of seed rice is up to 98% or more, head milled rice
For rate up to 60%~65%, head rice rate promotes 10% or so.
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice of the present invention are female parent, drought-enduring restorer upland rice with " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line
Kind obtains the first familiar generation with drought-enduring performance as paternal hybrid；It is female parent, restorer " five mountains silk seedling " with first familiar generation
For paternal hybrid, the hybridization F2 generation that drought resistance is good, disease resistance energy is strong can get；Sowing hybridization F2 generation, and to sterility of anthers
Strain Ratooning reproduction, the high upland rice seed rice of available overall performance stabilization, meter Zhi Hao, yield.
Upland rice seed rice is put into after impregnating in compound sodium nitrophenolate sterile water and sows again by a kind of implantation methods of upland rice of the present invention,
It can be greatly facilitated upland rice root system longitudinal growth, further promote the drought-resistant ability of upland rice.
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice of the present invention carry out reasonable water management and fertilizer management to upland rice, make upland rice can
Secondary harvesting, primary 400 kilograms of upland rice per mu yield of harvesting or more, effectively improves the production of upland rice by secondary 320 kilograms of harvesting per mu yield or more
Amount promotes peasant's increasing both production and income.
Specific embodiment
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice, comprising the following steps:
(1) breeding upland rice seed rice: 1) with " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line be female parent, using drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety as
Male parent；2) " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line and drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety are hybridized, " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line
Planting density ratio with drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety is 3:2.2, and maturity period sowing obtains first familiar generation；3) with the hybridization F1
On behalf of female parent, restorer " five mountains silk seedling " is paternal hybrid, when upland rice ears flowering, sprays brassinosteroid, the maturity period receives
Kind obtains hybridization F2 generation, and the dosage of the brassinosteroid is 25 grams/acre；4) the hybridization F2 generation is sowed, in upland rice blooming stage
Anther is taken, on the glass slide for anther being smashed and being put into pieces low power lens, liquor kalii iodide 1 is added dropwise and drips, is observed by eyepiece, it can be true
Determine upland rice male sterility degree, and to sterility of anthers strain Ratooning reproduction, the maturity period harvests seed to get the upland rice seed rice,
In, the breeding method of drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety are as follows: using upland rice and rice as parents, constantly screening, homozygosis is bred as resistance to
The drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety that non-irrigated power is strong, performance is stable；
(2) plot is handled: selecting the nonirrigated farmland of fertile soil, weeding, site preparation of ploughing obtains plot to be sowed；
(3) upland rice seed rice is handled: being weighed the upland rice seed rice, is 2 ‰ by the mass percent that upland rice seed rice is put into compound sodium nitrophenolate
Sterile water in impregnate 15h, obtain upland rice seed rice to be broadcast, the amount of weighing of the upland rice seed rice is 4 kgs/acre；
(4) bunch planting: upland rice seed rice to be broadcast is seeded into wait sow on plot, and cave depth is 2.2 ㎝, every bunch planting kind upland rice rice when bunch planting
Kind 3, earthing after the completion of bunch planting, thickness of earth covering are 1.5 ㎝；
(5) water management: diversion in 3 days exhausts water after impregnating sowing plot 5h after the completion of bunch planting, on sowing ground after the completion of draining
Block is spread with a thickness of the dry rice straw of 0.5 ㎝；Upland rice heading flowering applies 300 kgs/acre of biogas slurry；8 days application natural ponds after upland rice harvesting
400 kgs/acre of liquid；
(6) fertilizer management: apply 100 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer in sowing plot before bunch planting；Upland rice, which is gathered in first 10 days, is affixed by compound fertilizer
40 kgs/acre.
Above-mentioned upland rice implantation methods, the germination percentage of seed rice is up to 98.6%；Upland rice secondary can gather in, primary to gather in upland rice per mu yield
423 kilograms, secondary 324 kilograms of harvesting per mu yield；Head rice rate is up to 62.5%；When average rainfall is 7mm, upland rice survival rate reaches
85%, drought resisting effect is good.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice, comprising the following steps:
(1) breeding upland rice seed rice: 1) with " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line be female parent, using drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety as
Male parent；2) " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line and drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety are hybridized, " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line
Planting density ratio with drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety is 3:2.5, and maturity period sowing obtains first familiar generation；3) with the hybridization F1
On behalf of female parent, restorer " five mountains silk seedling " is paternal hybrid, when upland rice ears flowering, sprays brassinosteroid, the maturity period receives
Kind obtains hybridization F2 generation, and the dosage of the brassinosteroid is 30 grams/acre；4) the hybridization F2 generation is sowed, in upland rice blooming stage
Anther is taken, on the glass slide for anther being smashed and being put into pieces low power lens, liquor kalii iodide 2 is added dropwise and drips, is observed by eyepiece, it can be true
Determine upland rice male sterility degree, and to sterility of anthers strain Ratooning reproduction, the maturity period harvests seed to get the upland rice seed rice,
In, the breeding method of drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety are as follows: using upland rice and rice as parents, constantly screening, homozygosis is bred as resistance to
The drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety that non-irrigated power is strong, performance is stable；
(2) plot is handled: selecting the nonirrigated farmland of fertile soil, weeding, site preparation of ploughing obtains plot to be sowed；
(3) upland rice seed rice is handled: being weighed the upland rice seed rice, is 5 ‰ by the mass percent that upland rice seed rice is put into compound sodium nitrophenolate
Sterile water in impregnate 22h, obtain upland rice seed rice to be broadcast, the amount of weighing of the upland rice seed rice is 6 kgs/acre；
(4) bunch planting: upland rice seed rice to be broadcast is seeded into wait sow on plot, and cave depth is 2.8 ㎝, every bunch planting kind upland rice rice when bunch planting
Kind 5, earthing after the completion of bunch planting, thickness of earth covering are 1.8 ㎝；
(5) water management: diversion in 5 days exhausts water after impregnating sowing plot 8h after the completion of bunch planting, on sowing ground after the completion of draining
Block is spread with a thickness of the dry rice straw of 1.2 ㎝；Upland rice heading flowering applies 500 kgs/acre of biogas slurry；15 days application natural ponds after upland rice harvesting
600 kgs/acre of liquid；
(6) fertilizer management: apply organic fertilizer 120 kg/mu in sowing plot before bunch planting；Upland rice, which is gathered in first 15 days, is affixed by compound fertilizer
60 kgs/acre.
Above-mentioned upland rice implantation methods, the germination percentage of seed rice is up to 98.8% or more；Upland rice secondary can gather in, and once gather in upland rice
427 kilograms of per mu yield, secondary 326 kilograms of harvesting per mu yield；Head rice rate is up to 63.5%；When average rainfall is 7mm, upland rice survival rate
Reach 84.5%, drought resisting effect is good.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of upland rice, comprising the following steps:
(1) breeding upland rice seed rice: 1) with " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line be female parent, using drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety as
Male parent；2) " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line and drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety are hybridized, " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line
Planting density ratio with drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety is 3:2.3, and maturity period sowing obtains first familiar generation；3) with the hybridization F1
On behalf of female parent, restorer " five mountains silk seedling " is paternal hybrid, when upland rice ears flowering, sprays brassinosteroid, the maturity period receives
Kind obtains hybridization F2 generation, and the dosage of the brassinosteroid is 28 grams/acre；4) the hybridization F2 generation is sowed, in upland rice blooming stage
Anther is taken, on the glass slide for anther being smashed and being put into pieces low power lens, liquor kalii iodide 1~2 is added dropwise and drips, is observed by eyepiece, i.e.,
It can determine upland rice male sterility degree, and to sterility of anthers strain Ratooning reproduction, the maturity period harvests seed to get the upland rice rice
Kind, wherein the breeding method of drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety are as follows: using upland rice and rice as parents, constantly screening, homozygosis,
It is bred as the drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety that Drought hardiness is strong, performance is stable；
(2) plot is handled: selecting the nonirrigated farmland of fertile soil, weeding, site preparation of ploughing obtains plot to be sowed；
(3) upland rice seed rice is handled: being weighed the upland rice seed rice, is 3 ‰ by the mass percent that upland rice seed rice is put into compound sodium nitrophenolate
Sterile water in impregnate 18h, obtain upland rice seed rice to be broadcast, the amount of weighing of the upland rice seed rice is 5 kgs/acre；
(4) bunch planting: upland rice seed rice to be broadcast is seeded into wait sow on plot, and cave depth is 2.5 ㎝, every bunch planting kind upland rice rice when bunch planting
Kind 4, earthing after the completion of bunch planting, thickness of earth covering are 1.7 ㎝；
(5) water management: diversion in 4 days exhausts water after impregnating sowing plot 6h after the completion of bunch planting, on sowing ground after the completion of draining
Block is spread with a thickness of the dry rice straw of 0.8 ㎝；Upland rice heading flowering applies 400 kgs/acre of biogas slurry；10 days application natural ponds after upland rice harvesting
500 kgs/acre of liquid；
(6) fertilizer management: apply 110 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer in sowing plot before bunch planting；Upland rice, which is gathered in first 12 days, is affixed by compound fertilizer
50 kgs/acre.
Above-mentioned upland rice implantation methods, the germination percentage of seed rice is up to 98.9%；Upland rice secondary can gather in, primary to gather in upland rice per mu yield
432 kilograms, secondary 335 kilograms of harvesting per mu yield；Head rice rate is up to 65.3%；When average rainfall is 7mm, upland rice survival rate reaches
88.9% or more, drought resisting effect is good.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, fall within the scope of the claimed invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice, which comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding upland rice seed rice: 1) with " fragrant silk seedling 2 " male sterile line be female parent, using drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety as
Male parent；2) by the maternal and paternal hybrid, maturity period sowing obtains first familiar generation；It 3) is female parent with the first familiar generation, it is extensive
Multiple system's " five mountains silk seedling " is paternal hybrid, when upland rice ears flowering, sprays brassinosteroid, maturity period sowing obtains hybridization F2
Generation, the dosage of the brassinosteroid are 25 grams/acre~30 grams/acre；4) the hybridization F2 generation is sowed, and sterility of anthers strain is cut
Stubble regeneration, maturity period harvest seed to get the upland rice seed rice；
(2) plot is handled: selecting the nonirrigated farmland of fertile soil, weeding, site preparation of ploughing obtains plot to be sowed；
(3) upland rice seed rice is handled: being weighed the upland rice seed rice, is 2 ‰ by the mass percent that upland rice seed rice is put into compound sodium nitrophenolate
15h~22h to be impregnated in~5 ‰ sterile water, obtains upland rice seed rice to be broadcast, the amount of weighing of the upland rice seed rice is 4 kgs/acre~
6 kgs/acre；
(4) bunch planting: upland rice seed rice to be broadcast is seeded into wait sow on plot, and cave depth is the ㎝ of 2.2 ㎝~2.8, every bunch planting when bunch planting
Kind upland rice seed rice 3~5, earthing after the completion of bunch planting, thickness of earth covering are the ㎝ of 1.5 ㎝~1.8；
(5) water management: diversion in 3 days~5 days exhausts water after impregnating sowing plot 5h~8h after the completion of bunch planting, after the completion of draining
It spreads in sowing plot with a thickness of the dry rice straw of the ㎝ of 0.5 ㎝~1.2；Upland rice heading flowering applies biogas slurry 300 kgs/acre~500
Kg/acre；8 days~15 days 400 kgs/acre~600 kgs/acre of application biogas slurries after upland rice harvesting；
(6) fertilizer management: apply 100 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer~120 kg/mu in sowing plot before bunch planting；Upland rice harvesting preceding 10
It~it is affixed by within 15 days 40 kgs/acre~60 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer.
2. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that drought-enduring extensive in the step (1)
It is again the breeding method of upland rice variety are as follows: using upland rice and rice as parents, constantly screening, homozygous is bred as that Drought hardiness is strong, property
The stable drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety of energy.
3. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that " fragrant silk seedling 2 in the step (1)
Number " the planting density ratio of male sterile line and drought-enduring restorer upland rice variety is 3:2.2~2.5.
4. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that determine anther in the step (1)
The method of sterile plant are as follows: on the glass slide for anther being smashed and being put into pieces low power lens, liquor kalii iodide 1~2 is added dropwise and drips, passes through eyepiece
Observation, that is, can determine upland rice male sterility degree.
5. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1) in rape element
The dosage of ester is 28 grams/acre.
6. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that weighed in the step (3) described
Upland rice seed rice is put into the sterile water that the mass percent of compound sodium nitrophenolate is 3 ‰ and impregnates 18h, obtains drought to be broadcast by upland rice seed rice
Rice seed rice, the amount of weighing of the upland rice seed rice are 5 kgs/acre.
7. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that will drought be broadcast in the step (4)
Rice seed rice is seeded into wait sow on plot, and cave depth is 2.5 ㎝ when bunch planting, every bunch planting kind upland rice seed rice 4, is covered after the completion of bunch planting
Soil, thickness of earth covering are 1.7 ㎝.
8. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that bunch planting is completed in the step (5)
Diversion in 4 days exhausts water after impregnating sowing plot 6h afterwards, spreads the dry rice with a thickness of 0.8 ㎝ in sowing plot after the completion of draining
Grass；Upland rice heading flowering applies 400 kgs/acre of biogas slurry；500 kgs/acre of biogas slurry of application in 10 days after upland rice harvesting.
9. a kind of implantation methods of upland rice according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (6) before bunch planting
It sows plot and applies 110 kgs/acre of organic fertilizer；Upland rice, which is gathered in first 12 days, is affixed by 50 kgs/acre of compound fertilizer.
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| CN110771462A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-11 | 湖南晶优农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for planting paddy and dry land dual-purpose dry rice |
| CN113615514A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-11-09 | 刘万山 | Dry rice fragrant environment-friendly planting method |
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| CN110771462A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-11 | 湖南晶优农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for planting paddy and dry land dual-purpose dry rice |
| CN110771462B (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2021-12-31 | 湖南晶优农业科技开发有限公司 | Method for planting paddy and dry land dual-purpose dry rice |
| CN113615514A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-11-09 | 刘万山 | Dry rice fragrant environment-friendly planting method |
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Application publication date: 20190308 |