CN109418510A - 一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料 - Google Patents

一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料 Download PDF

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CN109418510A
CN109418510A CN201710735714.0A CN201710735714A CN109418510A CN 109418510 A CN109418510 A CN 109418510A CN 201710735714 A CN201710735714 A CN 201710735714A CN 109418510 A CN109418510 A CN 109418510A
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盖树永
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Abstract

本发明属于水产动物饲料,具体涉及一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料。所述配合饲料中含有植物精油,所述植物精油中肉桂醛和香芹酚质量含量≥25%。本发明提供了一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其能够满足黄河鲤鱼各种营养需要,提高黄河鲤鱼的成活率和抗病力,具有良好的促生长作用,且不含任何抗生素,避免了抗生素在鱼体内的残留对人类健康带来的潜在威胁,达到保健型产品的要求,提高了黄河鲤鱼的商品价值。

Description

一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料
技术领域
本发明属于水产动物饲料,具体涉及一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料。
背景技术
黄河鲤鱼体侧鳞片金黄色,背部稍暗,腹部色淡而较白。臀鳍、尾柄、尾鳍下叶呈橙红色,胸鳍、腹鳍桔黄色。除位于体下部和腹部的鳞片外,其它鳞片的后部有由许多小黑点组成的新月形斑,金鳞赤尾,体形梭长,肉质细嫩而鲜美,与其它种鲤鱼相比,其肌肉中具有较高的蛋白质含量(17.6%)和较低的脂肪含量(5.0%),含有丰富的人体全部必需8种氨基酸和4种鲜味氨基酸,还含有3种人体必需微量元素铁、铜、锌及大量元素钙、镁、磷等。自古以来,黄河鲤鱼即为民间喜庆各种宴席所不可缺少的佳肴。近年来由于野生小杂鱼资源匮乏,广大的养殖户多以饲喂人工配合饵料为主,饲养效果尚可,但由于大多数饲料厂家在饲料中添加抗生素作为防病促生长的主要手段,造成部分黄河鲤鱼因抗生素残留等安全隐患而影响了产品安全,从而降低了黄河鲤鱼的商品价值。所以,开发和应用无抗生素的鱼用配合饲料来饲喂黄河鲤鱼是生产保健型黄河鲤鱼加工产品的根本前提。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种无抗生素的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料。
本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,所述配合饲料中含有植物精油,所述植物精油中肉桂醛和香芹酚质量含量≥25%。
具体的,所述配合饲料质量百分组成如下:发酵豆粕18%-24%,发酵棉粕8%-12%,发酵菜粕10%-15%,植物精油0.15%-0.25%,预混料1%,次粉12%-16%,小麦麸8%-14%,鱼粉8%-14%,肉骨粉2%-4%,肠衣粉2%-4%,蚕蛹粉2%-4%,DDGS饲料3%-5%,啤酒酵母粉2%-4%,磷酸二氢钙1.2%-1.8%,膨润土1%-1.5%,大豆油1.5%-2.5%,赖氨酸0.1%-0.3%,蛋氨酸0.1%-0.2%,氯化胆碱0.2%-0.3%。
优选的,所述配合饲料组成如下:发酵豆粕20%,发酵棉粕9%,发酵菜粕12%,植物精油0.2%,预混料1%,次粉14%,小麦麸12%,鱼粉12%,肉骨粉2%,肠衣粉3%,蚕蛹粉3%,DDGS饲料5%,啤酒酵母粉2%,磷酸二氢钙1.3%,膨润土1%,大豆油2.0%,赖氨酸0.2%,蛋氨酸0.1%和氯化胆碱0.2%。
所述配合饲料中,动物性蛋白源质量百分含量为10-30%,植物性蛋白源质量百分含量为5-9%,多不饱和脂肪酸质量百分含量不低于1.2%。
其中动物性蛋白源主要指肉骨粉、鱼粉、肠衣粉、蚕蛹粉;植物性蛋白源指DDGS、啤酒酵母。
粗蛋白质量含量为30-35%,粗脂肪质量含量为5-7%。
发酵豆粕的蛋白质质量含量≥50%;发酵棉粕的蛋白质质量含量≥50%;发酵菜粕的蛋白质质量含量≥38%。
所述鱼粉其蛋白质的质量含量≥64%;肉骨粉,其蛋白质的质量含量≥50%;肠衣粉,其蛋白质的质量含量≥68%;啤酒酵母,其蛋白质的质量含量≥50%;蚕蛹粉,其蛋白质的质量含量≥50%。
所述氯化胆碱纯度为50%。
所述预混料为含有各种维生素、微量元素以及食盐的混合物。其组成如下:维生素A 8000-11000IU,维生素D 1500-2000IU,维生素E 100-300mg,维生素K3 5-10mg,维生素B110-20mg,维生素B2 15-20mg,维生素B6 8-12mg,维生素B12 0.02-0.05mg,泛酸钙40-50mg,胆碱600-1000mg,烟酸80-120mg,叶酸4-7mg,生物素0.5-1.0mg,铜4-10mg,铁100-200mg,锰20-70mg,锌30-90mg,硒0.5-0.75mg,碘0.5-1.0mg,钴0.05-0.1mg,镁150-200mg,食盐300mg-500mg。
植物精油是一类从植物的花、叶、茎、根或果实中,通过水蒸气蒸馏法、挤压法、冷浸法或溶剂提取法提炼萃取的挥发性芳香物质。植物精油的主要作用在于抗菌性,对细菌有明显的抑制作用。植物中的酚类化合物有天然的抗微生物作用,其抗菌物质能迅速穿透病原微生物细胞膜,通过改变病原微生物细胞膜通透性,使病原体细胞内容物流失并阻止线粒体吸取氧气而死亡。
此外,随着生物工程技术的迅速发展和现代动物营养学技术的不断进步,发酵生物技术已越来越广泛地应用在饲料行业上。一方面,经过发酵的饲料原料,显著地提高了饲料原料的营养水平和利用效率,进而不同程度地提高动物的生长及生产性能。另一方面,发酵技术在饲料上的应用也极大的缓解了某些原料供应的不足,为饲料产品的健康、稳定、可持续发展提供了保障。
本发明针对黄河鲤鱼消化生理特点,提供了一种保健型的黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,将植物精油和发酵豆粕、发酵棉粕、发酵菜粕配合使用,完全替代饲料抗生素的作用,能够满足黄河鲤鱼各种营养需要,不仅更大程度的提高了黄河鲤鱼的成活率,也使黄河鲤鱼疾病的发生率大大减少,具有良好的促生长作用,从而为绿色、有机的黄河鲤鱼生产提供保障,提高黄河鲤鱼的商品价值,为人类提供安全食品。采用本发明配合饲料,料肉比在1.4-1.6之间,能够有效降低黄河鲤鱼的养殖成本,节约饲料资源。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下优点:
本发明提供了一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其能够满足黄河鲤鱼各种营养需要,提高黄河鲤鱼的成活率和抗病力,具有良好的促生长作用,且不含任何抗生素,避免了抗生素在鱼体内的残留对人类健康带来的潜在威胁,达到保健型产品的要求,提高了黄河鲤鱼的商品价值。
具体实施方式
以下以具体实施例来说明本发明的技术方案,但本发明的保护范围不限于此:
以下实施例中所用植物精油为山东天易科技有限公司生产的桂香健。
实施例1
一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其质量百分组成如下:
发酵豆粕20%,发酵棉粕9%,发酵菜粕12%,植物精油0.2%,预混料1%,次粉14%,小麦麸12%,鱼粉12%,肉骨粉2%,肠衣粉3%,蚕蛹粉3%,DDGS饲料5%,啤酒酵母粉2%,磷酸二氢钙1.3%,膨润土1%,大豆油2.0%,赖氨酸0.2%,蛋氨酸0.1%,氯化胆碱0.2%。
采用本实施例配合饲料以及添加黄霉素的普通饲料(粗蛋白含量为35%,粗脂肪含量7.0%)在河南省郑州市黄河善水湾水产养殖者专业合作社进行黄河鲤鱼的养殖(每吨普通饲料中黄霉素的添加量为5g,本发明实施例配合饲料与普通饲料相比,饵料系数从1.57降到了1.51(降低了3.82%),日增重率从141.64%提高到152.83%(提高了7.90%),黄河鲤鱼成活率从98.42%提高到99.73%(提高了1.33%)。利用细菌攻毒实验来测试黄河鲤鱼抗病力,结果表明本发明实施例配合饲料使得累计病死率从67.28%降低到了30.63%,抗病力提高了54.45%。
可见,本发明实施方案饲喂黄河鲤鱼,可以完全替代抗生素的防病促生长作用,提高黄河鲤鱼的成活率和抗病力,具有良好的促生长作用,料肉比在1.4-1.6之间,能够有效降低黄河鲤鱼的养殖成本,节约饲料资源,具有良好的经济和社会效益。
此外,采用本发明实施例配合饲料(饲料A)与对比配合饲料B(不含植物精油,其他同本实施例配合饲料配方)进行黄河鲤鱼的养殖,饲料A的日增重率为152.83%,饲料B的日增重率为131.37%,饲料A比B高出了16.3%;饲料A的饵料系数为1.51%,饲料B的饵料系数为1.65%,饲料A比B降低了8.48%;饲料A的成活率为99.73%,饲料B的成活率为97.30%,饲料A比B高出了2.5%;利用细菌攻毒实验来测试黄河鲤鱼抗病力,结果表明饲料A的累计病死率为30.63%,饲料B的累计病死率为72.78%,A比B的抗病力提高了57.9%。
实施例2
一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其质量百分组成如下:
发酵豆粕18%,发酵棉粕12%,发酵菜粕14%,植物精油0.25%,预混料1%,次粉13%,小麦麸12%,鱼粉10%,肉骨粉2%,肠衣粉3%,蚕蛹粉3%,DDGS饲料4.5%,啤酒酵母粉2%,磷酸二氢钙1.4%,膨润土1.25%,大豆油2.0%,赖氨酸0.25%,蛋氨酸0.15%,氯化胆碱0.2%。
实施例3
一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其质量百分组成如下:
发酵豆粕23.2%,发酵棉粕12%,发酵菜粕13%,植物精油0.15%,预混料1%,次粉12%,小麦麸13%,鱼粉8%,肉骨粉2%,肠衣粉3%,蚕蛹粉3%,DDGS饲料3.2%,啤酒酵母粉2%,磷酸二氢钙1.4%,膨润土1.05%,大豆油1.7%,赖氨酸0.15%,蛋氨酸0.15%,氯化胆碱0.2%。

Claims (8)

1.一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述配合饲料中含有植物精油,所述植物精油中肉桂醛和香芹酚质量含量≥25%。
2.如权利要求1所述的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述配合饲料质量百分组成如下:发酵豆粕18%-24%,发酵棉粕8%-12%,发酵菜粕10%-15%,植物精油0.15%-0.25%,预混料1%,次粉12%-16%,小麦麸8%-14%,鱼粉8%-14%,肉骨粉2%-4%,肠衣粉2%-4%,蚕蛹粉2%-4%,DDGS饲料3%-5%,啤酒酵母粉2%-4%,磷酸二氢钙1.2%-1.8%,膨润土1%-1.5%,大豆油1.5%-2.5%,赖氨酸0.1%-0.3%,蛋氨酸0.1%-0.2%,氯化胆碱0.2%-0.3%。
3.如权利要求2所述的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述配合饲料组成如下:发酵豆粕20%,发酵棉粕9%,发酵菜粕12%,植物精油0.2%,预混料1%,次粉14%,小麦麸12%,鱼粉12%,肉骨粉2%,肠衣粉3%,蚕蛹粉3%,DDGS饲料5%,啤酒酵母粉2%,磷酸二氢钙1.3%,膨润土1%,大豆油2.0%,赖氨酸0.2%,蛋氨酸0.1%和氯化胆碱0.2%。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述配合饲料中,动物性蛋白源质量百分含量为10-30%,植物性蛋白源质量百分含量为5-9%,多不饱和脂肪酸质量百分含量不低于1.2%。
5.如权利要求4所述的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,粗蛋白质量含量为30-35%,粗脂肪质量含量为5-7%。
6.如权利要求4所述的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,发酵豆粕的蛋白质质量含量≥50%;发酵棉粕的蛋白质质量含量≥50%;发酵菜粕的蛋白质质量含量≥38%。
7.如权利要求4所述的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述鱼粉其蛋白质的质量含量≥64%;肉骨粉,其蛋白质的质量含量≥50%;肠衣粉,其蛋白质的质量含量≥68%;啤酒酵母,其蛋白质的质量含量≥50%;蚕蛹粉,其蛋白质的质量含量≥50%。
8.如权利要求4所述的保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料,其特征在于,所述氯化胆碱纯度为50%。
CN201710735714.0A 2017-08-24 2017-08-24 一种保健型黄河鲤鱼配合饲料 Pending CN109418510A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110537625A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-06 江门市旺海饲料实业有限公司 饲料添加剂、饲料及其制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110537625A (zh) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-06 江门市旺海饲料实业有限公司 饲料添加剂、饲料及其制备方法

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