CN109417925A - A kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate - Google Patents
A kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN109417925A CN109417925A CN201710539878.6A CN201710539878A CN109417925A CN 109417925 A CN109417925 A CN 109417925A CN 201710539878 A CN201710539878 A CN 201710539878A CN 109417925 A CN109417925 A CN 109417925A
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- seedling
- fructus chaenomelis
- grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
Present invention mainly discloses a kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting methods of high-survival rate, it is mainly according to the physilogical characteristics of Fructus Chaenomelis seed, growth characteristics, Fructus Chaenomelis seedling is grafted by using management after cultivating stock method, scion selection and grafting, connecing and the seedling three big sport technique segments that are out of the garden, significantly improves Fructus Chaenomelis seedling graft survival rate；Fructus Chaenomelis grafting shoot survival percent is set to reach 95% or more.This method uses the seed of wet sand method storage, has after planting germination percentage height, and emergence is fast, and emergence rate is high；The seedling planting percent of incubation is high, and seedling is healthy and strong, and variety is consistent, and growth is neat；Comparatively fast enter fruiting period after kind transplantation of seedlings, abound with rear yield height, yielding ability is obvious；Seedling growth after grafting simultaneously is neat, and plant is sturdy, well developed root system, and nursery stock is healthy and strong, and transplanting survival rate is high；Plant is short strong, is easily managed, variety height is consistent.There is very big impetus to the production development of Fructus Chaenomelis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fructus Chaenomelis plant development technologies, belong to Tropical fruits agricultural production seedling graft technology
Field, and in particular to a kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate.
Technical background
Pawpaw is rosaceae Chaenomeles Angiospermae Dicotyledoneae plant
Classification system are as follows: Chaenomelesspeciosa
Chinese scientific name: chaenomeles lagenaria, wrinkled papaya
Also known as: iron foot Malus spectabilis, iron Malus spectabilis, Chaenomeles pawpaw, Fructus Chaenomelis, Xuancheng's pawpaw etc., Fructus Chaenomelis is Chinese medicine name, in 600-
1200 altitude environment growth.
Fructus Chaenomelis is one of distinctive rare fruit in China, was once known as " fruits of hundred benefits " laudatory title, and had very high medicinal
Value and edible value are " treasures of fruit " of a kind of dual-purpose of drug and food full of nutrition.
Since Fructus Chaenomelis tree pattern reddish yellow mixes, contrast finely with each other, " it is most distinguished and admirable to account for spring color ", because and be good sight
Flower sees fruit flowers and trees.
Fructus Chaenomelis has the multiple uses such as medicinal, edible, health care, ornamental, is an emerging economic forest domestic in recent years
Tree species.
Fructus Chaenomelis has anti-inflammatory, analgesia, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, wind dispelling, calming the liver and spleen as medicinal；Control the function such as asthma, blood pressure lowering
Effect, and have certain curative effect to treatment coronary heart disease, it is the important source material of medical industry；It is sweet in flavor because its pulp thickness is clear and melodious as food
Acid, it is full of nutrition, beverage, fruit vinegar, fruit milk, fruit wine, pawpaw candied fruit, Chinese quince soy sauce etc. can be made.
Fructus Chaenomelis ornamental value is high, spring, first Hua Houye, and flower purple is gorgeous, gorgeous such as peach blossom, surpasses extra large skirt, does not have graceful bearing,
Summer and autumn achieve great success, and fruit coloured gold is yellow, gardenful drifting fragrance, for good sight flower, ornamental tree species.
It is measured through science, Fructus Chaenomelis fruit contains abundant papain, vitamin C, B and calcium, phosphorus and minerals, carbon hydrate
Object content is high, full of nutrition, and fruit has anti-containing largely carrotene abundant, protein, calcium salt, protease, lemon enzyme etc.
Control hypertension, ephritis, constipation and it is aid digestion, control stomach trouble, the every hectogram fresh fruit 2731mg containing vitamin of Fructus Chaenomelis, anti-aging substance
The effect of 3237No/g, boosts metabolism to human body and anti-aging, and there are also beauty and skin care beauty treatments；Especially fruit
In also contain effective cancer-resisting substance --- laetrile, long-term consumption can enable the body of people specifically very strong antitumor immune
Power.
In recent years, with the rapid development of social economy, continuous improvement of people's living standards, health care consciousness by
Cumulative strong, the consumption idea of people is to the transformation of prevention and health care type and adjustment and the pawpaw of China's rural and agricultural industrial structure
New medicinal health effect product being continually developed and applying, and Fructus Chaenomelis, which has been increasingly becoming, collects edible, medicinal, beautifying face and moistering lotion and sight
The emerging economies woods tree species for the great wide development prospect being integrated are appreciated, Fructus Chaenomelis is as " the medicinal fruit of great health food
Product ", significant medical value provide good raw material sources to develop functional health care food, and product selling market is very
It is wide.
The prior art
Currently, nursery stock used in Fructus Chaenomelis orchard worker plant development, there are mainly two types of, first is that cuttage seeding, press strip seedling, plant division
Seedling seldom uses grafting second is that directly sowing；Its defect of this method is that seedling propagation speed is slow, and plant root is not sent out
It reaches, seedling early growth is irregular, and transplanting survival rate is low, and seedling needed for large area production plantation is difficult to supply for the moment；Meanwhile it being not easy
Original breediness is kept, growth and development is slow, and beginning result period is long, and fruit tree enters high yield period overlong time, high yield characteristic
Difference, per mu yield are low, it is difficult to realize premature labor, early rich, high yield, stable yields economic goal, per mu yield value income is low, and economic benefit is not shown
It writes.
The purpose of invention
In order to improve the economic benefit of Fructus Chaenomelis plant development, the seedling for solving large area production plantation supplies existing skill
Art defect improves Fructus Chaenomelis and grafts shoot survival percent, solves the slow technical bottleneck of Fructus Chaenomelis plantation seedling propagation speed of production, is this
The main purpose of invention.After this technology is implemented, Fructus Chaenomelis grafting shoot survival percent can be made to reach 92% or more, seedling growth neat one
It causes, plant is sturdy, well developed root system, and transplanting survival rate is high, and keeps original breediness, and Fructus Chaenomelis fruit tree high yield advantage is bright
Aobvious, third annual bearing after transplanting enters high yield initial stage on the 4th year, enters high yield period within the 5th year, realizes premature labor early rich productive target,
Increase orchard worker's production economy benefit.
The content of invention
The present invention is realized by following technical proposal
A kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate includes: in technical solution
1, stock method is cultivated；
2, scion selection and grafting；
3, management and seedling are out of the garden after connecing.
A kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate, its major technique path are as follows: (1) cultivate healthy and strong stock →
(2) management → (5) seedling is out of the garden after selecting high-quality scion → (3) engrafting method → (4) to connect.
The present invention has the advantage that
1, the seed stored using wet sand method, after planting germination percentage is high, and emergence is fast, and emergence rate is high.
2, finishing scion is made full use of, easy to operate, high survival rate is at low cost.
3, using the seed by the storage of wet sand method, afterripening is sufficiently mature, sows high survival rate.
4, the seedling planting percent being bred as is high, and seedling is healthy and strong, and variety is consistent, and growth is neat, as a result unanimously.
5, large quantities of seedlings can be disposably bred as, large area plant development needs are met.
6, comparatively fast enter fruiting period after planting transplantation of seedlings, abound with rear yield height, yielding ability is obvious.
7, the seedling plant being bred as is short strong, is easily managed.
Specific embodiment:
1, stock method is cultivated
(1) seed: the Fructus Chaenomelis seed for passing through that wet sand method was stored, after-ripening is abundant, full is selected；
(2) seedbed preparation: to the plot for being used as seedbed, carry out intensive cultivation in time, spread fertilizer over the fields sufficient organic fertilizer, simultaneously
Carry out disinfection treatment；
(3) sowing time: the seedbed after preparing intensive cultivation plays good gutter, sowing in time is being sowed around the beginning of spring,
Base manure is used sufficient when sowing.The morning and evening of fine day wants timely water drenching after emergence；
(4) play furrow transplanting: when seedling grow tall 10 centimetres when, the nursery lot after site preparation is leaveed after playing furrow by 20 × 15 centimetres of specifications
Transplanting, and use sufficient rich water；
(5) grafting time: stock plant has 0.5 centimetre or more of diameter thick before and after to mid-autumn, can be grafted；
2, scion selection and grafting
(1) scion selects: grafting in the fall, choosing has entered the best fruiting period, current year Fructus Chaenomelis tree extracts aging branch out and does
Scion；
(2) scion acquire: scion acquisition carry out with adopt with principle, also cut acquisition in combination with the autumn and winter, broken by kind
Bundle, facilitates grafting；
(3) scion saves: that is not in time for grafting such as to the scion after acquisition carries out preservation processing, and processing method is
Scion is embedded in wet sand, pays attention to heat preservation, moisturizing in storage；
(4) graft: for Fructus Chaenomelis engrafting method based on simple bud side grafting method, method is that scion is first under the behind of topmost bud
Square 2-3 centimeters, grafting knife only only cut into the i.e. horizontal cutting of xylem, and section will be put down, and are whittled into bevel back side base portion sharp
Angle, the scion cut retain a bud and cut；Stock, up to from 10 centimetres or so, selects smooth stock side from earth's surface
Face is cut, and cutter cuts 2-3 centimetres downward vertically, at this moment to be paid special attention to cut wound face and be wanted straight, is cut and is pruned skin zone's a part,
The forming layer of scion and stock is directed to and is inserted into scion the bottom of stock section, with grafting plastic adhesive tape bondage；
3, management and seedling are out of the garden after connecing
(1) remove the plastic adhesive tape of grafting bondage: about through 3 months after grafting, scion is healed substantially with stock, is first being transferred
It more than interface cuts off stock top for 1 centimetre, removes the plastic adhesive tape of grafting bondage, while irregularly removing on stock in time
Rudiment；
(2) it carries out management: mainly paying attention to carrying out weeding, loosening the soil, work of applying fertilizer, keep nursery clean, loosing soil,
Fertilizer, water are sufficient, promote nursery stock robust growth；
(3) timely shaping: carrying out certain finishing to the scion after grafting survival, the too fast germination branch of such as some growths
It cuts off, controls its excessive growth, form the main framing of high yield；
(4) seedling is out of the garden: after being managed after 1 year connect, to next year autumn and winter when Fructus Chaenomelis grafting
Be out of the garden transplanting.
Main effect
According to the growth characteristics, feature and technical requirements of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling, by using adaptable technical method step
Fructus Chaenomelis seedling is grafted, Fructus Chaenomelis grafting shoot survival percent can be significantly improved.After this technology is implemented, Fructus Chaenomelis can be improved
Grafting shoot survival percent reaches 92% or more, and seedling growth neat and consistent, plant is sturdy, well developed root system, and nursery stock is healthy and strong, transplant survival
Rate is high, and keeps original breediness, high yield characteristic, and fruit tree high yield is with the obvious advantage；After primary sapling multiplication grafting
A large amount of grafting high quality seedling is obtained, meets large area production plantation to the needs of Fructus Chaenomelis nursery stock, realizes First Year transplanting kind
After plant, third annual bearing enters first term on the 4th year, enters high yield period within the 5th year, 3000 kilograms of per mu yield fresh fruit or more, realizes
Early rich productive target, economic benefit significantly improve for premature labor, excite the enthusiasm for production of orchard worker, have to the production development of Fructus Chaenomelis
There is important facilitation.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate, feature includes: to cultivate stock method and scion selection and transfer
Management and seedling are out of the garden after connecing and connecing.
2. a kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cultivate anvil
Flitch method includes:
(1) seed: the Fructus Chaenomelis seed for passing through that wet sand method was stored, after-ripening is abundant, full is selected；
(2) seedbed preparation: to the plot for being used as seedbed, carry out intensive cultivation in time, spread fertilizer over the fields sufficient organic fertilizer, carry out simultaneously
Disinfection treatment；
(3) sowing time: the seedbed after preparing intensive cultivation plays good gutter, sowing in time is being sowed around the beginning of spring, sows
When use sufficient base manure.The morning and evening of fine day wants timely water drenching after emergence；
(4) play furrow transplanting: when seedling grow tall 10 centimetres when, the nursery lot after site preparation, which rises, leaves shifting by 20 × 15 centimetres of specifications after furrow
It plants, and uses sufficient rich water；
(5) grafting time: stock plant has 0.5 centimetre or more of diameter thick before and after to mid-autumn, can be grafted.
3. a kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that scion choosing
It selects and includes: with grafting
(1) scion selects: grafting in the fall, choosing has entered the best fruiting period, current year Fructus Chaenomelis tree extracts aging branch out and does scion；
(2) scion acquire: scion acquisition carry out with adopt with principle, also cut acquisition in combination with the autumn and winter, break into bundle by kind, just
Just it grafts；
(3) scion saves: that is not in time for grafting such as to the scion after acquisition carries out preservation processing, and processing method is will to connect
Fringe is embedded in wet sand, pays attention to heat preservation, moisturizing in storage；
(4) graft: for Fructus Chaenomelis engrafting method based on simple bud side grafting method, method is scion first from 2- below the behind of topmost bud
3 centimeters, grafting knife only only cut into the i.e. horizontal cutting of xylem, and section will be put down, and are whittled into acute angle in bevel back side base portion, cut
Good scion retains a bud and cuts；Stock, up to from 10 centimetres or so, selects smooth stock side to cut from earth's surface
It cuts, cutter cuts 2-3 centimetres downward vertically, at this moment to pay special attention to cut wound face and want straight, cuts and prunes skin zone's a part, will connect
The forming layer of fringe and stock is directed at and is inserted into scion the bottom of stock section, with grafting plastic adhesive tape bondage.
4. a kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that managed after connecing
Reason and seedling are out of the garden and include:
(1) remove the plastic adhesive tape of grafting bondage: about through 3 months after grafting, scion is healed substantially with stock, first in graft union
Above 1 centimetre cuts off stock top, removes the plastic adhesive tape of grafting bondage, while irregularly removing sprouting on stock in time
Bud；
(2) it carries out management: mainly paying attention to carrying out weeding, loosening the soil, work of applying fertilizer, keep nursery clean, loosing soil, fertilizer, water
Abundance promotes nursery stock robust growth；
(3) timely shaping: carrying out certain finishing to the scion after grafting survival, and the too fast germination branch of such as some growths will be cut
It goes, controls its excessive growth, form the main framing of high yield；
(4) seedling is out of the garden: after being managed after 1 year connect, to next year autumn and winter when Fructus Chaenomelis grafting can be out of the garden
Transplanting.
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| CN201710539878.6A CN109417925A (en) | 2017-07-03 | 2017-07-03 | A kind of Fructus Chaenomelis seedling engrafting method of high-survival rate |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110063193A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-07-30 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | A kind of cultural method of wrinkled papaya |
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| CN103875331A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 雷炳忠 | Method for storing high-survival-rate Sichuan papaya seeds |
| CN103875465A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 雷炳忠 | Grafting method for improving survival rate of grafted Sichuan papaya seedlings |
| CN105265139A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-01-27 | 浏阳市永乐种植专业合作社 | Chaenomeles speciosa cultivation method |
| CN106664881A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | Papaya seed treatment method |
| CN106888894A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-27 | 陆川县米场镇合美种养专业合作社联合社 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich pawpaw |
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2017
- 2017-07-03 CN CN201710539878.6A patent/CN109417925A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103875331A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 雷炳忠 | Method for storing high-survival-rate Sichuan papaya seeds |
| CN103875465A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2014-06-25 | 雷炳忠 | Grafting method for improving survival rate of grafted Sichuan papaya seedlings |
| CN105265139A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-01-27 | 浏阳市永乐种植专业合作社 | Chaenomeles speciosa cultivation method |
| CN106664881A (en) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-05-17 | 阜阳市殿兴农业科技有限公司 | Papaya seed treatment method |
| CN106888894A (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2017-06-27 | 陆川县米场镇合美种养专业合作社联合社 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich pawpaw |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110063193A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-07-30 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | A kind of cultural method of wrinkled papaya |
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Application publication date: 20190305 |