CN104641911A - Method for breeding hickory seedlings - Google Patents
Method for breeding hickory seedlings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104641911A CN104641911A CN201510091132.4A CN201510091132A CN104641911A CN 104641911 A CN104641911 A CN 104641911A CN 201510091132 A CN201510091132 A CN 201510091132A CN 104641911 A CN104641911 A CN 104641911A
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- seed
- vernalization
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding hickory seedlings. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting seeds; (2) timely accelerating germination; (3) selecting a nursery and tidying; (4) sowing at proper time; (5) performing seedling stage management. Different processes of seedling breeding are implemented one by one; the method is systematic, scientific and simple and is easy to operate; the survival rate of bred seedlings is high, the seedlings are long and straight and grow well, and the purpose of a wide seedling planting range is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cathay hickory technical field of cultivation, be specifically related to a kind of method of breeding cathay hickory nursery stock.
Background technology
Cathay hickory, calls little walnut, is a kind of deciduous tree, and Shu Hu section hickory about has 20 kinds.Cathay hickory kernel is the high healthy food of nutrition, containing abundant nutrient, containing the protein of 7.8 ~ 9.6% in cathay hickory kernel, the amino acid of needed by human account for more than 7 kinds and content up to more than 25%, containing a large amount of vitamin Es, trace element also containing 22 kinds of needed by human body, wherein calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, zinc, iron content are very abundant.According to analysis, per kilogram walnut kernel equals the nutritive value of 9 kilograms of fresh milks or 5 kilograms of eggs, 2 kilograms of beef, and it is easily absorbed by the body compared with the nutrition of milk, egg, beef.Walnut kernel has moistening lung tonifying Qi, nourish blood relieving asthma, moistening dryness and resolving phlegm goes all effects of the cold of insufficiency type.Cathay hickory kernel not only has high nutritive value, also has unique taste flavor, obtains the accreditation of consumer, become a kind of very popular high-grade nut gradually.
Cathay hickory is the famous dry fruit of China and woody oleiferous plants, there is the features such as output is high, the life-span is long, in recent years, various places are phase introducing and planting unexpectedly, but due to the distinctive ecological habit of cathay hickory, not only make its scope of planting have certain limitation, and seed collection, seedling-wood breeding also also exist many technical problems.At present, cathay hickory seedling propagation generally has the shortcomings such as survival rate is low, seedling quality is poor.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of method simple, be easy to operation, survive the high method of breeding cathay hickory nursery stock.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
Breed a method for cathay hickory nursery stock, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed collection: select endroit, without damage by disease and insect, fruit is large, full, shell is thin, biennial bearing is not obvious, output is high and the fine individual plant of more than 20 ~ 30 years as seed collecting elite stand, picking fruit is carried out in late September, by in fruit stacked chamber after adopting, after most of pericarp splits, take out seed, dry in the air after putting 2 ~ 3d and preserve with wet sand;
(2) vernalization in time: sow first 1 month, by the moisture ascends of sand to 6% ~ 8%, within about 5 days, stir once, be placed in the indoor vernalization of temperature more than 10 DEG C after 15 days, seed is placed on the outdoor level land of illumination abundance, strengthens husky humidity and continue vernalization 15 days;
(3) select ground, garden and arrange: selecting that height above sea level 200 ~ 500 meters, low-lying paddy field, Schattenseite mountain, draining are good, the sandy loam of irrigating convenient, fertile soil is as behind ground, garden, deep plough wide for 100cm, height be the seedbed of 20 ~ 25cm, the muck and every mu of composite fertilizer applying 50kg or 60 ~ 90kg fermented;
(4) begin sowing in good time: adopt bar to sow in annual 2 ~ March, bar is apart from being 30 ~ 35cm, and spacing in the rows is 5 ~ 10cm, and every mu of seeding quantity is 250 ~ 300kg, after planting carries out earthing 3 ~ 4cm and cover covering straw;
(5) seedling management: after planting 40 ~ 45 days, at the cloudy day or after removing bed surface covering at dusk, according to soil moisture content, carry out irrigation work in good time, and through intertill and clean tillage sooner or later of being everlasting, keep earth to loosen, 6 ~ August Nitrogen Top Dressing 2 ~ 3 times, take the sun-proof canopy that light transmittance is 30% ~ 50% 7 ~ September, apply a phosphorus potash fertilizer 9 ~ October, use bordeaux mixture to carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously.
As optimal technical scheme, in order to make, percentage of seedgermination is higher, seedling height is longer, and in described step (2), seed is when outdoor vernalization, and peripheral hardware height is the plastic film canopy of 60cm ~ 80cm.
As optimal technical scheme, in order to make, emergence rate is high, nursery stock is directly logical and well-grown, vertical traverse, tender shoots should be sowed downwards by the seed broken face that vernalization is ftractureed in described step (4) in ground.
As optimal technical scheme, in order to prevent and treat the damage by disease and insect of cathay hickory seedling growth stage, be beneficial to cathay hickory seedling growth good, in described step (5), carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests with 0.5% ~ 0.7% ferrous sulfate, enemy's enemy's 2000 times of liquid and decis 5000 times of liquid mixed liquors.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: this method is from seed collection-vernalization-selection garden ground-sowing-seedling management, the method of the breeding nursery stock of set of system science, method is simple, be easy to operation, the nursery stock survival rate of breeding out is high, highly long and logical straight, well-grown, realizes the object that nursery stock plantation scope is wide.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1
Breed a method for cathay hickory nursery stock, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed collection: select endroit, without damage by disease and insect, fruit is large, full, shell is thin, biennial bearing is not obvious, output is high and the fine individual plant of more than 20 years as seed collecting elite stand, picking fruit is carried out in late September, by in fruit stacked chamber after adopting, after most of pericarp splits, take out seed, dry in the air after putting 2d and preserve with wet sand;
(2) vernalization in time: sow first 1 month, by the moisture ascends of sand to 6%, stir once in about 5 days, be placed in the indoor vernalization of temperature more than 10 DEG C after 15 days, seed be placed on the outdoor level land of illumination abundance, strengthens husky humidity and continues vernalization 15 days;
(3) select ground, garden and arrange: select that height above sea level 200 meters, low-lying paddy field, Schattenseite mountain, draining are good, the sandy loam of irrigating convenient, fertile soil as behind ground, garden, deep ploughing wide is 100cm, the high seedbed for 20cm, and every mu of composite fertilizer applying 50kg;
(4) begin sowing in good time: adopt bar to sow in annual February, bar is apart from being 30cm, and spacing in the rows is 5, and every mu of seeding quantity is 300kg, the seed broken face that vernalization is ftractureed vertical traverse, tender shoots should be sowed downwards in ground, after planting carry out earthing 3cm and cover covering straw;
(5) seedling management: after planting 40 days, at the cloudy day or after removing bed surface covering at dusk, according to soil moisture content, carry out irrigation work in good time, and through intertill and clean tillage sooner or later of being everlasting, keep earth to loosen, 6 ~ August Nitrogen Top Dressing 2 ~ 3 times, take the sun-proof canopy that light transmittance is 30% 7 ~ September, apply a phosphorus potash fertilizer September, use bordeaux mixture to carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously.
Embodiment 2
Breed a method for cathay hickory nursery stock, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed collection: select endroit, without damage by disease and insect, fruit is large, full, shell is thin, biennial bearing is not obvious, output is high and the fine individual plant of more than 25 years as seed collecting elite stand, picking fruit is carried out in late September, by in fruit stacked chamber after adopting, after most of pericarp splits, take out seed, dry in the air after putting 3d and preserve with wet sand;
(2) vernalization in time: sow first 1 month, by the moisture ascends of sand to 7%, within about 5 days, stir once, be placed in the indoor vernalization of temperature more than 10 DEG C after 15 days, seed is placed on the outdoor level land of illumination abundance, peripheral hardware height is the plastic film canopy of 70cm, strengthens husky humidity and continues vernalization 15 days;
(3) select ground, garden and arrange: select that height above sea level 350 meters, low-lying paddy field, Schattenseite mountain, draining are good, the sandy loam of irrigating convenient, fertile soil as behind ground, garden, deep ploughing wide is 100cm, the high seedbed for 23cm, and every mu applies 60kg and to ferment muck;
(4) begin sowing in good time: adopt bar to sow in annual March, bar is apart from being 33cm, and spacing in the rows is 5cm, and every mu of seeding quantity is 280kg, after planting carries out earthing 4cm and cover covering straw;
(5) seedling management: after planting 43 days, at the cloudy day or after removing bed surface covering at dusk, according to soil moisture content, carry out irrigation work in good time, and through intertill and clean tillage sooner or later of being everlasting, keep earth to loosen, 6 ~ August Nitrogen Top Dressing 2 ~ 3 times, take the sun-proof canopy that light transmittance is 40% 7 ~ September, apply a phosphorus potash fertilizer 9 ~ October, use bordeaux mixture to carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously.
Embodiment 3
Breed a method for cathay hickory nursery stock, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed collection: select endroit, without damage by disease and insect, fruit is large, full, shell is thin, biennial bearing is not obvious, output is high and the fine individual plant of more than 30 years as seed collecting elite stand, picking fruit is carried out in late September, by in fruit stacked chamber after adopting, after most of pericarp splits, take out seed, dry in the air after putting 3d and preserve with wet sand;
(2) vernalization in time: sow first 1 month, by the moisture ascends of sand to 8%, within about 5 days, stir once, be placed in the indoor vernalization of temperature more than 10 DEG C after 15 days, seed is placed on the outdoor level land of illumination abundance, peripheral hardware height is the plastic film canopy of 80cm, strengthens husky humidity and continues vernalization 15 days;
(3) select ground, garden and arrange: select that height above sea level 500 meters, low-lying paddy field, Schattenseite mountain, draining are good, the sandy loam of irrigating convenient, fertile soil as behind ground, garden, deep ploughing wide is 100cm, the high seedbed for 23cm, and every mu of composite fertilizer applying 50kg;
(4) begin sowing in good time: adopt bar to sow in annual March, bar is apart from being 35cm, and spacing in the rows is 10cm, and every mu of seeding quantity is 250kg, after planting carries out earthing 4cm and cover covering straw;
(5) seedling management: after planting 45 days, at the cloudy day or after removing bed surface covering at dusk, according to soil moisture content, carry out irrigation work in good time, and through intertill and clean tillage sooner or later of being everlasting, keep earth to loosen, 6 ~ August Nitrogen Top Dressing 2 ~ 3 times, take the sun-proof canopy that light transmittance is 50% 7 ~ September, apply a phosphorus potash fertilizer 9 ~ October, use simultaneously and carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests with 0.5% ~ 0.7% ferrous sulfate, enemy's enemy's 2000 times of liquid and decis 5000 times of liquid mixed liquors.
It should be pointed out that above case is only the representational example of the present invention.Obviously, technical scheme of the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, can also have many sex change.
Claims (4)
1. breed a method for cathay hickory nursery stock, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) seed collection: select endroit, without damage by disease and insect, fruit is large, full, shell is thin, biennial bearing is not obvious, output is high and the fine individual plant of more than 20 ~ 30 years as seed collecting elite stand, picking fruit is carried out in late September, by in fruit stacked chamber after adopting, after most of pericarp splits, take out seed, dry in the air after putting 2 ~ 3d and preserve with wet sand;
(2) vernalization in time: sow first 1 month, by the moisture ascends of sand to 6% ~ 8%, within about 5 days, stir once, be placed in the indoor vernalization of temperature more than 10 DEG C after 15 days, seed is placed on the outdoor level land of illumination abundance, strengthens husky humidity and continue vernalization 15 days;
(3) select ground, garden and arrange: selecting that height above sea level 200 ~ 500 meters, low-lying paddy field, Schattenseite mountain, draining are good, the sandy loam of irrigating convenient, fertile soil is as behind ground, garden, deep plough wide for 100cm, height be the seedbed of 20 ~ 25cm, the muck and every mu of composite fertilizer applying 50kg or 60 ~ 90kg fermented;
(4) begin sowing in good time: adopt bar to sow in annual 2 ~ March, bar is apart from being 30 ~ 35cm, and spacing in the rows is 5 ~ 10cm, and every mu of seeding quantity is 250 ~ 300kg, after planting carries out earthing 3 ~ 4cm and cover covering straw;
(5) seedling management: after planting 40 ~ 45 days, at the cloudy day or after removing bed surface covering at dusk, according to soil moisture content, carry out irrigation work in good time, and through intertill and clean tillage sooner or later of being everlasting, keep earth to loosen, 6 ~ August Nitrogen Top Dressing 2 ~ 3 times, take the sun-proof canopy that light transmittance is 30% ~ 50% 7 ~ September, apply a phosphorus potash fertilizer 9 ~ October, use bordeaux mixture to carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously.
2. a kind of method of breeding cathay hickory nursery stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (2), seed is when outdoor vernalization, and peripheral hardware height is the plastic film canopy of 60cm ~ 80cm.
3. a kind of method of breeding cathay hickory nursery stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: vertical traverse, tender shoots should be sowed downwards in ground by the seed broken face that vernalization is ftractureed in described step (4).
4. a kind of method of breeding cathay hickory nursery stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step (5) with 0.5% ~ 0.7% ferrous sulfate, oppose enemy's 2000 times of liquid and decis 5000 times of liquid mixed liquors carry out prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510091132.4A CN104641911A (en) | 2015-02-28 | 2015-02-28 | Method for breeding hickory seedlings |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510091132.4A CN104641911A (en) | 2015-02-28 | 2015-02-28 | Method for breeding hickory seedlings |
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| CN104641911A true CN104641911A (en) | 2015-05-27 |
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| CN201510091132.4A Pending CN104641911A (en) | 2015-02-28 | 2015-02-28 | Method for breeding hickory seedlings |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105052651A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Seedling raising method of hickory nuts |
| CN105052650A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Seedling raising method of hickory nuts |
| CN105104090A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-02 | 全椒县大地种植专业合作社 | Walnut-tree cultivation method |
| CN105165355A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 全椒县大地种植专业合作社 | Walnut seedling culture method |
| CN105794568A (en) * | 2016-03-19 | 2016-07-27 | 周旭昌 | Manchurian walnut seedling culture method |
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| CN102823358A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2012-12-19 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Method for promoting lateral rooting of annual carya illinoensis seed seedling |
| CN103703889A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 山东农业大学 | Chinese walnut sowing and seedling-culture method |
| CN103875501A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-25 | 南京农业大学 | Method for yearly pruning apocarya for multiple bearing branch cultivation |
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2015
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Patent Citations (3)
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| CN102823358A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2012-12-19 | 南京绿宙薄壳山核桃科技有限公司 | Method for promoting lateral rooting of annual carya illinoensis seed seedling |
| CN103703889A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-09 | 山东农业大学 | Chinese walnut sowing and seedling-culture method |
| CN103875501A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-25 | 南京农业大学 | Method for yearly pruning apocarya for multiple bearing branch cultivation |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105052651A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Seedling raising method of hickory nuts |
| CN105052650A (en) * | 2015-07-25 | 2015-11-18 | 安徽博发文化生态园有限公司 | Seedling raising method of hickory nuts |
| CN105104090A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-02 | 全椒县大地种植专业合作社 | Walnut-tree cultivation method |
| CN105165355A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 全椒县大地种植专业合作社 | Walnut seedling culture method |
| CN105794568A (en) * | 2016-03-19 | 2016-07-27 | 周旭昌 | Manchurian walnut seedling culture method |
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