CN109406281A - A kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform and experimental method - Google Patents
A kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform and experimental method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109406281A CN109406281A CN201811508238.XA CN201811508238A CN109406281A CN 109406281 A CN109406281 A CN 109406281A CN 201811508238 A CN201811508238 A CN 201811508238A CN 109406281 A CN109406281 A CN 109406281A
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- jack group
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- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
Abstract
A kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform and experimental method, experimental bench include main frame, four pressing plates and four groups of jack；It include the jack of several equidistant arrangements in four groups of jack, several jack are using unified or difference control mode；Scale model center offers the prefabricated hole for simulating tunnel, and prefabricated hole is formed by mold.Method are as follows: build experimental bench and complete scale model preparation；To scale model application vertical load for simulating tunnel maximum or minimum principal stress, horizontal load is applied for simulating tunnel minimum or maximum principal stress to scale model；The ratio of maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress is adjusted, destruction area shape around prefabricated hole is observed；By changing maximum or minimum principal stress direction, destruction area shape around prefabricated hole can be made to rotate.Before preparing scale model, a small size sample is prepared in advance, obtains its uniaxial compressive strength, be used as when similarity simulation experiment with reference to safety limit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to physical simulation experimental technique fields, more particularly to a kind of similar mould of tunnel butterfly destruction area
Draft experiment platform and experimental method.
Background technique
Tunnel plays a crucial role for coal mine, studies the failure mode of roadway surrounding rock destruction area and right
Reasonable supporting measure is taken to have great importance in tunnel.It is studied by physical simulation experiment, analog scene
Rock property, initial field stress state and the boundary condition in tunnel make lane by simulation in-situ stresses environment and application stress
Road surrouding rock deformation, the broken ring-shaped of observable roadway surrounding rock destruction area.
For the damage -form problem of roadway surrounding rock, it is then the elastic-plastic problem of roadway surrounding rock on mechanical essence, leads to
The distribution of circular tunnel surrouding rock stress and elastoplasticity form can be often solved using the plane strain model of circular hole in plastoelasticity,
And there are maximum principal stresses, minimum principal stress in laneway stress field, and defining η is that maximum principal stress suffered by tunnel is answered with minimum master
Power ratio.
By consulting existing literature it is found that under different stress conditions, there are three types of basic for circular tunnel Determining Failure Zone of Surrounding Rock tool
Form, i.e., round, ellipse and butterfly.As η=1, destruction area is rounded form；When η is increased by 1, on confining pressure direction
Determining Failure Zone of Surrounding Rock extends, and roadway surrounding rock destruction area is gradually evolved into oval configuration by rounded form；It is further with η
Increase, and after reaching certain value, destruction area can then show disk shape, even if hereafter η continues to increase, the shape of destruction area
Shape also no longer changes, and only the size of butterfly will continue to increase.
Physical simulation experiment has been widely used in the engineering practice of some industries, and is used for physical simulation
The equipment of experiment is mainly three-dimensional geological mechanical test platform, can satisfy roadway surrounding rock by three-dimensional geological mechanical test platform and destroys
Research.But there are still some shortcomings for three-dimensional geological mechanical test platform, and since the size of testing stand is larger, behaviour when causing to test
It makes comparisons difficulty, and testing stand can not move easily, cause the flexibility of testing stand very poor, and the size of scale model
It is larger, cause the usage amount of analog material more, while three-dimensional geological mechanical test platform need it is longer build the time, Er Qiexiang
It is also longer like curing time of the model in testing stand, cause experimental period longer.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform and reality
Proved recipe method, have when small size, experiment it is easy to operate, easy to remove, build that the time is short, scale model size is small, scale model
The feature that curing time is short, experimental period is short.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area analog simulation is real
Test platform, including main frame, top platen, bottom platen, left side pressing plate, right side pressing plate, top jack group, bottom jack
Group, left side jack group and right side jack group；The main frame uses hollow structure, equal in the front side of main frame and rear side
It is provided with organic glass baffle, scale model is located inside main frame；The top jack group is vertically arranged in main frame
On top beam, the top platen is connected in the piston rod end of top jack group, the upper surface of top platen and scale model
Abut against contact；The bottom jack group is vertically arranged on the bottom beam of main frame, and it is very heavy that the bottom platen is connected in bottom
The piston rod end of top group, bottom platen are abutted against with the lower surface of scale model and are contacted；The left side jack group is horizontally disposed
On the left side vertical beam of main frame, the left side pressing plate is connected in the piston rod end of left side jack group, left side pressing plate and phase
Contact is abutted against like the left-hand face of model；The right side jack group is horizontally set on the right side vertical beam of main frame, the right side
Side plate is connected in the piston rod end of right side jack group, and right side pressing plate is abutted against with the right lateral surface of scale model and contacted；Institute
Main frame is stated to be fixed on ground by several stabilizer blades.
If including in the top jack group, bottom jack group, left side jack group and right side jack group
The dry identical jack of model, and several jack equidistant arrangements.
Prefabricated hole is offered at the center of the scale model, the prefabricated hole is for simulating tunnel.
The radius of the prefabricated hole is set as R, and the scale model is square structure, and the side length of scale model is set as L,
It is necessary to meet following condition: 5R≤(L/2-R).
The prefabricated hole is formed by mold, and number of molds is several, and the section configuration of several molds is different.
A kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similar simulation experimental method, using the tunnel butterfly destruction area analog simulation
Experimental bench includes the following steps:
Step 1: building experimental bench, is completed at the same time the preparation of scale model；
Step 2: vertical load is applied to scale model by top jack group and the cooperation of bottom jack group, is used for
Simulate tunnel maximum principal stress or minimum principal stress；Meanwhile by left side jack group and the cooperation of right side jack group to similar
Model applies horizontal load, for simulating tunnel minimum principal stress or maximum principal stress；
Step 3: the ratio of adjustment maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress is observed destruction area shape around prefabricated hole, is led to
Destruction area shape around prefabricated hole is crossed to judge the destruction area shape of practical roadway surrounding rock.
Before formally preparing scale model, needs that analog material is utilized to prepare a small size sample in advance, pass through single shaft
Crush test carries out load test to small size sample, to obtain the uniaxial compressive strength of small size sample, is carrying out similar mould
Reference safety limit when draft experiment, when the uniaxial compressive strength is as application maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress.
The top jack group, bottom jack group, left side jack group and right side jack group when applying load,
Several jack in it are using the mode that is uniformly controlled or difference control mode.
When jack is using control mode respectively, by applying different loading forces to each jack, so that master answers
The direction of power changes, and then destruction area shape around prefabricated hole is made to rotate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform of the invention and experimental method operate when having small size, experiment
Simply, easy to remove, build the feature that the time is short, scale model size is small, scale model curing time is short, experimental period is short.
The present invention can be used for studying Determining Failure Zone of Surrounding Rock and the destruction area shape of coal mine roadway, select tunnel reasonable
Supporting measure is of great significance.
The present invention can not only set the size of tunnel maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress, and adjustable tunnel is most
The direction of big principal stress and minimum principal stress, the applicability of the experimental bench of raising.
The present invention can make roadway surrounding rock destruction area shape by the ratio of setting tunnel maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress
Shape changes, and plays directive function to engineering practice.
The present invention prepares the prefabricated hole for simulating circular tunnel using mold on scale model, compared to traditional
Drilling mode is excavated, destruction can be generated to avoid to scale model main body, to improve experimental precision.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform of the invention；
In figure, 1-main frame, 2-top platens, 3-bottom platens, 4-left side pressing plates, 5-right side pressing plates, 6-tops
Portion's jack group, 7-bottom jack groups, 8-left side jack groups, 9-right side jack groups, 10-scale models, 11-
Stabilizer blade, 12-ground, 13-prefabricated holes.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform, including main frame 1, top platen 2, bottom
Pressing plate 3, left side pressing plate 4, right side pressing plate 5, top jack group 6, bottom jack group 7, left side jack group 8 and right side are very heavy
Top group 9；The main frame 1 uses hollow structure, is provided with organic glass baffle, phase in the front side of main frame 1 and rear side
It is located inside main frame 1 like model 10；The top jack group 6 is vertically arranged on the top beam of main frame 1, the top pressure
Plate 2 is connected in the piston rod end of top jack group 6, and top platen 2 is abutted against with the upper surface of scale model 10 and contacted；It is described
Bottom jack group 7 is vertically arranged on the bottom beam of main frame 1, and the bottom platen 3 is connected in the piston of bottom jack group 7
Boom end, bottom platen 3 are abutted against with the lower surface of scale model 10 and are contacted；The left side jack group 8 is horizontally set on main frame
On the left side vertical beam of frame 1, the left side pressing plate 4 is connected in the piston rod end of left side jack group 8, left side pressing plate 4 to it is similar
The left-hand face of model 10 abuts against contact；The right side jack group 9 is horizontally set on the right side vertical beam of main frame 1, described
Right side pressing plate 5 is connected in the piston rod end of right side jack group 9, and right side pressing plate 5 and the right lateral surface of scale model 10 abut against
Contact；The main frame 1 is fixed on ground 12 by several stabilizer blades 11.
Include in the top jack group 6, bottom jack group 7, left side jack group 8 and right side jack group 9
There are the identical jack of several models, and several jack equidistant arrangements.
Prefabricated hole 13 is offered at the center of the scale model 10, the prefabricated hole 13 is for simulating tunnel.
The radius of the prefabricated hole 13 is set as R, and the scale model 10 is square structure, the side length of scale model 10
It is set as L, it is necessary to meet following condition: 5R≤(L/2-R).
The prefabricated hole 13 is formed by mold, and number of molds is several, each not phase of the section configuration of several molds
Together, circle, ellipse etc. be can be.After scale model 10 solidifies, mold is taken out directly from scale model 10,
Form prefabricated hole 13.
A kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similar simulation experimental method, using the tunnel butterfly destruction area analog simulation
Experimental bench includes the following steps:
Step 1: building experimental bench, is completed at the same time the preparation of scale model 10；
Step 2: applying vertical load to scale model 10 by top jack group 6 and the cooperation of bottom jack group 7,
For simulating tunnel maximum principal stress；Meanwhile by left side jack group 8 and the cooperation of right side jack group 9 to scale model 10
Apply horizontal load, for simulating tunnel minimum principal stress；
Step 3: the ratio of adjustment maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress observes 13 surrounding destruction area shape of prefabricated hole,
The destruction area shape of practical roadway surrounding rock is judged by 13 surrounding destruction area shape of prefabricated hole.
Before formally preparing scale model 10, needs that analog material is utilized to prepare a small size sample in advance, pass through list
Axis crush test carries out load test to small size sample, similar in progress to obtain the uniaxial compressive strength of small size sample
Reference safety limit when simulated experiment, when the uniaxial compressive strength is as application maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress.If
It is more than to refer to safety limit when applying maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress, then illustrates that loading force is excessive, probably leads at this time
Experimental bench is caused to be damaged.
The top jack group 6, bottom jack group 7, left side jack group 8 and right side jack group 9 are applying load
When lotus, in several jack using be uniformly controlled mode or respectively control mode.
When jack is using control mode respectively, by applying different loading forces to each jack, so that master answers
The direction of power changes, and then 13 surrounding destruction area shape of prefabricated hole is made to rotate.It so can effectively improve experiment
The adaptability of platform.
The scope of patent protection that scheme in embodiment is not intended to limit the invention, it is all without departing from carried out by the present invention etc.
Effect implements or change, is both contained in the scope of the patents of this case.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform, it is characterised in that: including main frame, top platen, bottom pressure
Plate, left side pressing plate, right side pressing plate, top jack group, bottom jack group, left side jack group and right side jack group；Institute
Main frame is stated using hollow structure, is provided with organic glass baffle in the front side of main frame and rear side, scale model is located at
Inside main frame；The top jack group is vertically arranged on the top beam of main frame, and the top platen is connected in top thousand
The piston rod end of jin top group, top platen are abutted against with the upper surface of scale model and are contacted；The bottom jack group is set vertically
Set on the bottom beam of main frame, the bottom platen is connected in the piston rod end of bottom jack group, bottom platen to it is similar
The lower surface of model abuts against contact；The left side jack group is horizontally set on the left side vertical beam of main frame, the left side pressure
Plate is connected in the piston rod end of left side jack group, and left side pressing plate is abutted against with the left-hand face of scale model and contacted；The right side
Side jack group is horizontally set on the right side vertical beam of main frame, and the right side pressing plate is connected in the piston rod of right side jack group
End, right side pressing plate are abutted against with the right lateral surface of scale model and are contacted；The main frame is fixed at ground by several stabilizer blades
On face.
2. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the top
It include several models identical thousand in jack group, bottom jack group, left side jack group and right side jack group
Jin top, and several jack equidistant arrangements.
3. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the phase
Prefabricated circular hole is offered like the center of model, the prefabricated circular hole is for simulating tunnel.
4. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described prefabricated
The radius of circular hole is set as R, and the scale model is square structure, and the side length of scale model is set as L, needs to meet following item
Part: 5R≤(L/2-R).
5. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described prefabricated
Circular hole is formed by mold, and number of molds is several, and the section configuration of several molds is different.
6. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similar simulation experimental method uses butterfly destruction area in tunnel described in claim 1
Similarity simulation experiment platform, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
Step 1: building experimental bench, is completed at the same time the preparation of scale model；
Step 2: vertical load is applied to scale model by top jack group and the cooperation of bottom jack group, for simulating
Tunnel maximum principal stress or minimum principal stress；Meanwhile by left side jack group and the cooperation of right side jack group to scale model
Apply horizontal load, for simulating tunnel minimum principal stress or maximum principal stress；
Step 3: the ratio of adjustment maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress observes prefabricated circular destruction area shape, by pre-
Circular destruction area shape processed judges the destruction area shape of practical roadway surrounding rock.
7. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similar simulation experimental method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: formal
Before preparing scale model, needs that analog material is utilized to prepare a small size sample in advance, tested by uniaxial compressive to small ruler
Very little sample carries out load test, to obtain the uniaxial compressive strength of small size sample, when carrying out similarity simulation experiment, and the single shaft
Reference safety limit when compression strength is as application maximum principal stress and minimum principal stress.
8. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similar simulation experimental method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the top
Portion's jack group, bottom jack group, left side jack group and right side jack group when applying load, in it is several very heavy
Top is using the mode that is uniformly controlled or difference control mode.
9. a kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similar simulation experimental method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: when very heavy
When top is using control mode respectively, by applying different loading forces to each jack, so that the direction of principal stress changes
Become, and then prefabricated circular destruction area shape is made to rotate.
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| CN201811508238.XA CN109406281A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | A kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform and experimental method |
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| CN201811508238.XA CN109406281A (en) | 2018-12-11 | 2018-12-11 | A kind of tunnel butterfly destruction area similarity simulation experiment platform and experimental method |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN109752493A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-05-14 | 安徽理工大学 | The method and experiment frame in the mine pressure prefabricated tunnel of similarity simulation experiment |
| CN111638135A (en) * | 2020-06-07 | 2020-09-08 | 河南工程学院 | Roadway surrounding rock damage and support simulation device and experimental method thereof |
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