CN211603171U

CN211603171U - Test device for simulating movable fault to research on tunnel damage mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN211603171U
Application number: CN201921987727.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李林; 刘成亮; 郭子红; 邹祖银; 郭晓丹; 余龙; 黄河; 刘智
Original assignee: Sichuan Agricultural University
Current assignee: Sichuan Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-11-18
Filing date: 2019-11-18
Publication date: 2020-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2029-11-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a test device of simulation activity fault to research of tunnel damage mechanism, its model test case contain a box and b box, and a box and b box amalgamation are cavity closed box, at the amalgamation position a box with the b box can the diastrophism removal, and a box, b box all contain fixed plate and fly leaf, and the model test case periphery is provided with horizontal pressurization system, and horizontal pressurization system can exert pressure to the fly leaf simultaneously, and b box top sets up the vertical pressurized equipment of adjustable load, and the fixed elastic component that sets up in b box below. The horizontal pressurizing system is started to pressurize the movable plate, then the vertical pressurizing equipment is started to pressurize the movable box body b, the pressurizing condition is monitored in real time through a sensor, the pressurizing can be adjusted according to needs, and the system can simulate the tunnel damage condition caused by different fault dislocation rates under different stress field stresses.

Description

Test device for simulating movable fault to research on tunnel damage mechanism

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a test device of simulation activity fault to the research of tunnel damage mechanism, simulation tunnel engineering different faults dislocation speed under different ground stress field is studied the tunnel damage condition, belongs to the experimental field of tunnel engineering.

Background

With the rapid development of economy, the western major development strategy is greatly promoted, a large number of new tunnel projects are planned or constructed, while China is a country with a large mountain area, part of the regions have complex geological conditions and wide active fault distribution, and particularly in the general region of western mountains and hills, a large number of tunnel projects need to be constructed, and can inevitably encounter or cross active faults and other unfavorable geology.

The fault is a geological structure with obvious relative displacement of rock stratums on two sides of a fracture surface along the fracture surface after the rock stratums are subjected to stress disconnection, and generally, the larger the fault scale is, the stronger the squeezing and shearing actions are, and the wider the fracture zone is; the activity forms of the underground engineering include stick-slip and creep-slip, and the stick-slip is a quick-breaking motion, so that the damage to the underground engineering can be directly expressed; the creeping movement is relatively long in time and slow in movement, the damage to underground engineering is not considered to be serious, and much attention is not paid. Recent research shows that under high-speed movement, faults can still be converted from stable creeping movement to instantaneous earthquake gliding movement, and attention has to be paid.

The existing fault model box research mainly aims at fault dislocation mode, fault dip angle, dislocation distance, tunnel bore diameter and the like, and is lack of research on the aspects of ground stress field change and different fault dislocation rates.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a utility model aims at remedying the blank that prior art exists, provide a simulation activity fault to the test device of tunnel damage mechanism research to realize tunnel engineering different faults dislocation speed under the different ground stress field to the simulation of tunnel damage condition.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a test device for simulating the research of the tunnel damage mechanism caused by the movable fault, wherein a model test box comprises a box body a and a box body b, the box body a and the box body b are spliced into a hollow closed box body, and the box body a and the box body b can move in a staggered manner at the splicing position; the box body a and the box body b both comprise a fixed plate and a movable plate; a horizontal pressurizing system is arranged on the periphery of the model test box, and simultaneously pressurizes the movable plate, and the pressure of the horizontal pressurizing system is adjustable; a vertical pressurizing device capable of adjusting load is arranged above the box body b; and an elastic part is fixedly arranged below the box body b.

In the test device for simulating the movable fault to study the tunnel damage mechanism, the model test box adopts a closed structure, the box body a and the box body b contain the movable plates, when the horizontal pressurizing system works, the movable plates apply pressure to the similar materials of the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock simulating materials are prevented from being extruded from gaps, reliable confining pressure is provided, the horizontal pressurizing system applies load to the movable plates, the inside of the model test box obtains uniformly distributed stress, and the change of stress fields in different places can be simulated. An elastic piece is arranged below the box body b, a vertical pressurizing device capable of adjusting load is arranged above the box body b, and the vertical pressurizing device applies pressure to the upper portion of the box body b to enable the box body b to move according to a set displacement speed, so that the oblique dislocation of the fault can be simulated, and different dislocation rates of the fault can be simulated.

The box body a comprises a fixed plate a upper plate, a side plate, a bottom plate, a movable plate a front plate and a movable plate a rear plate which are fixedly spliced, wherein a T shape is fixedly formed between the a upper plate and the a side plate and between the a bottom plate and the a side plate; the box body comprises a fixed plate b upper plate, a b side plate, a b bottom plate, a movable plate b front plate and a b back plate which are fixedly spliced, wherein a T shape is fixedly formed between the b upper plate and the b side plate and between the b bottom plate and the b side plate; the sectional plane of the combined part between the box body a and the box body b is an inclined plane, and the plane is vertical to the front plate b and the front plate a.

The elastic component is a spring matrix which can provide uniform supporting effect and has good deformation capability and resetting capability.

a, a base with the same height as the elastic element is arranged below the box body, and the base and the elastic element are kept in the same level and fixed on a horizontal support; the horizontal support is a fixed bottom plate or a horizontal ground; the horizontal pressurizing system comprises upper angle steel, front angle steel, lower angle steel, rear angle steel and a pressurizing device; the upper angle steel is fixed on the upper plate a and the upper plate b; the lower angle steel is fixed on the bottom plate a and the bottom plate b; the front angle steel is fixedly connected with the upper angle steel and the lower angle steel in a square shape, and the inner side of the front angle steel is close to the front end of the pressurizing device; the rear angle steel is respectively tightly attached to and fixed with the front plate a, the rear plate a, the front plate b and the rear plate b, and the bottom of the pressurizing device is tightly attached to the rear angle steel; two pressurizing devices are arranged between the front angle steel and the rear angle steel.

In the test device for simulating the movable fault to research the tunnel damage mechanism, the fixed support is arranged on the peripheral box body of the model test box, the pressurizing device is used for supporting the fixed support, and the movable plate is used for reacting force to form a horizontal pressurizing system. The design saves the cost like this, and test equipment easily wholly carries.

The box body b and the pressurizing device are provided with displacement sensors, a load sensor is arranged between the box body b and the vertical pressurizing equipment, a load sensor is arranged between the pressurizing device and the rear angle steel, and visual and reliable data can be obtained by using the load sensor and the displacement sensors.

The pressurizing device between the front angle steel and the rear angle steel is a jack.

And b, the vertical pressurizing equipment capable of adjusting load above the box body is a 2000KN four-column counter-force support.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:

1. determining a test similarity ratio according to test conditions, preparing a model test material, manufacturing a tunnel model, fixing the tunnel model in a model test box according to a set position, and filling the tunnel model with a similar material of surrounding rock; the model test box adopts a closed structure to avoid surrounding rock simulation materials from being extruded out of gaps, the box body a and the box body b comprise movable plates and fixed plates, a horizontal pressurization system is started, the movable plates apply pressure to the similar materials of the surrounding rock, the same pressure is applied to the movable plates of the model test box, the change of different ground stress fields is simulated, and reliable and uniformly distributed ground stress fields are provided; b, arranging an elastic piece below the box body, arranging a vertical pressurizing device capable of adjusting load above the box body, starting the vertical pressurizing device, and applying load to the box body b according to different requirements to enable the box body b to vibrate and move; the displacement of the box body b is monitored in real time through the displacement sensor while pressurization is carried out, the box body b is loaded according to a preset displacement speed, load data received by the movable box body b are monitored in real time through the load sensor, a tunnel model is taken out to obtain the damage condition of the tunnel model, the damage mechanism of the tunnel by different fault dislocation rates in different stress fields is analyzed, the damage threshold value of the tunnel is judged, the effect of different anti-dislocation measures is simulated, and more comprehensive and reliable test data are provided for design and construction of the tunnel.

2. The spring matrix can provide even supporting effect, and has good deformation capability and resetting capability.

3. The fixed support is arranged on the peripheral box body of the model test box, the pressurizing device is used for supporting the fixed support and giving a counterforce to the movable plate to form a horizontal pressurizing system. The design saves the cost like this, and test equipment easily wholly carries.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the rear view structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the present invention.

Detailed Description

1-3, the test device for simulating the mechanism research of the movable fault on the tunnel damage comprises a model test box and a model test box, wherein the model test box comprises an a box body 100 and a b box body 200, the a box body 100 and the b box body 200 are spliced into a hollow closed box body, and the a box body 100 and the b box body 200 can move in a staggered mode (as shown by arrows in FIG. 1) at the splicing position; the a box body 100 and the b box body 200 both comprise a fixed plate and a movable plate; a horizontal pressurizing system is arranged on the periphery of the model test box, and simultaneously pressurizes the movable plate, and the pressure of the horizontal pressurizing system is adjustable; a vertical pressurizing device 900 capable of adjusting load is arranged above the b box body 200; an elastic piece 601 is fixedly arranged below the b box body 200; the elastic member 601 is a spring matrix; wherein:

the a box body 100 comprises a fixed plate a upper plate 101, an a side plate 103, an a bottom plate 104, a movable plate a front plate 102 and an a rear plate 105 which are fixedly spliced; a, fixing the upper plate 101 and the side plate 103 a, and the bottom plate 104 and the side plate 103 a by high-strength bolts to form a T shape; the a side plate 103 is perpendicular to the a upper plate 101 and the a bottom plate 104, the a upper plate 101 is parallel to the a bottom plate 104, the a front plate 102 is perpendicular to the a upper plate 101 and the a side plate 103, and the a front plate 102 and the a back plate 105 are parallel to each other; three edges of the a front plate 102 and the a rear plate 105 are tightly attached to the inner side of the T-shaped structure, and the a front plate 102 and the a rear plate 105 can move back and forth in the T-shaped area surrounded by the a upper plate 101, the a side plate 103 and the a bottom plate 104; the a-upper plate 101 is shorter than the a-lower plate 104.

The b box body 200 comprises a fixed plate b upper plate 201, a b side plate 203 and a b bottom plate 204 which are fixedly spliced, and a movable plate b front plate 202 and a movable plate b rear plate 205 which are movably arranged; a T-shaped part is formed between the upper plate 201 and the side plate 203 b and between the bottom plate 204 and the side plate 203 b by fixing high-strength bolts; the b side plate 203 is vertical to the b upper plate 201 and the b bottom plate 204, the b upper plate 201 is parallel to the b bottom plate 204, the b front plate 202 is vertical to the b upper plate 201 and the b side plate 203 at the same time, and the b front plate 202 is parallel to the b back plate 205; three edges of the b front plate 202 and the b back plate 205 are tightly attached to the inner side of the T-shaped structure, the b front plate 202 and the b back plate 205 can move back and forth in the T-shaped area surrounded by the b upper plate 201, the b side plate 203 and the b bottom plate 204, and the b upper plate 201 is longer than the b bottom plate 204.

The a box 100 and the b box 200 can be combined into a hollow closed cuboid box, the combined part fault plane 801 between the a box 100 and the b box 200 is an inclined plane, and the plane is perpendicular to the front plate and the rear plate of the model test box.

The horizontal pressurizing system comprises an upper angle steel 301, a front angle steel 302, a lower angle steel 303, a rear angle steel 304 and a pressurizing device 401; the pressurizing device 401 is a jack; the upper angle steel 301 is fixed on the upper plate 101 a and the upper plate 201 b by high-strength bolts, and the lower angle steel 303 is fixed on the bottom plate 104 a and the bottom plate 204 b by high-strength bolts; the front angle steel 302, the upper angle steel 301 and the lower angle steel 303 are fixedly connected by high-strength bolts to form a square shape, the square plane is perpendicular to the plane of the front plate and the rear plate of the model test box, and the inner side of the square structure is abutted against the front end of the jack; the rear angle steel 304 is perpendicular to a bottom plate of the model test box, in a square plane formed by the front angle steel 302, the upper angle steel 301 and the lower angle steel 303, the rear angle steel 304 is tightly attached to the outer sides of the front plate 102, the rear plate 105, the front plate 202 b and the rear plate 205 b respectively and fixed by high-strength bolts, the bottom of the jack is tightly attached to the rear angle steel 304, and two jacks are horizontally arranged between the front angle steel 302 and the rear angle steel 304.

a base 501 with the same height as the spring matrix is arranged below the box body 100 a, the box body 100 a penetrates through the base 501 through high-strength bolts and is fixed on a horizontal support 701, and the horizontal support 701 is a fixed bottom plate; the upper end of the spring matrix is fixedly connected to the lower part of the b box body 200, and the lower end of the spring matrix is fixed on the fixed bottom plate, so that the a box body 100 and the b box body 200 are positioned on the same horizontal plane.

The vertical pressurizing equipment 900 arranged above the box body 200 is a 2000KN four-column counter-force support.

The box body 200 and the jack are provided with displacement sensors, a load sensor is arranged between the box body 200 and the 2000KN four-column counter-force support, and a load sensor is arranged between the jack and the rear angle steel.

The test device for simulating the research of the moving fault on the tunnel damage mechanism has the following using method:

1. determining a test similarity ratio according to test conditions, preparing a model test material, manufacturing a tunnel model, fixing the tunnel model in a model box according to a set position, and then filling the tunnel model with a similar material of surrounding rock;

2. starting a horizontal pressurization system, applying the same pressure to a front plate 102 a, a back plate 105 a, a front plate 202 b and a back plate 205 b of the model test box, so that the model test box is subjected to uniform stress, a ground stress field is simulated, and different stress fields can be adjusted by a jack;

3. starting a 2000KN four-column counter-force support, inputting the dislocation data required by the support, and applying a load to the box body 200 b to enable the box body 200 b to vibrate and move;

4. the displacement of the b box body 200 is monitored in real time through a displacement sensor while pressurization is carried out, the b box body 200 is loaded according to a preset displacement speed, load data of the movable b box body 200 is monitored in real time through a load sensor, a tunnel model is taken out to obtain the tunnel model damage condition, the damage mechanism of different fault dislocation rates to the tunnel under different stress fields is analyzed, the tunnel damage threshold value is judged, the effect of different anti-dislocation measures is simulated, and more comprehensive and reliable test data are provided for design and construction of the tunnel.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a test device of simulation activity fault to tunnel damage mechanism research which characterized in that:

the model test box comprises a box body (100) a and a box body (200) b, wherein the box body (100) a and the box body (200) b are spliced to form a hollow closed box body, and the box body (100) a and the box body (200) b can move in a staggered manner at the splicing position; the box body (100) a and the box body (200) b both comprise a fixed plate and a movable plate; a horizontal pressurizing system is arranged on the periphery of the model test box, and simultaneously pressurizes the movable plate, and the pressure of the horizontal pressurizing system is adjustable; a vertical pressurizing device (900) capable of adjusting load is arranged above the box body (200); an elastic piece (601) is fixedly arranged below the b box body (200).

2. The experimental device for simulating the research on the mechanism of the movable fault on the tunnel damage according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the a box body (100) comprises a fixed plate a upper plate (101), an a side plate (103), an a bottom plate (104) and a movable plate a front plate (102) and a movable plate a rear plate (105) which are fixedly spliced, wherein a T shape is fixedly formed between the a upper plate (101) and the a side plate (103) and between the a bottom plate (104) and the a side plate (103), the a side plate (103) is perpendicular to the a upper plate (101) and the a bottom plate (104), the a upper plate (101) is parallel to the a bottom plate (104), the a front plate (102) is perpendicular to the a upper plate (101) and the a side plate (103), the a front plate (102) is parallel to the a rear plate (105), three edges of the a front plate (102) and the a rear plate (105) are tightly attached to the inner side of the T-shaped structure, and the a front plate (102) and the a rear plate (105) can be arranged on the a upper plate (101), The side plate (103) and the bottom plate (104) enclose a T-shaped area to move back and forth;

the b box body (200) comprises a fixed plate b upper plate (201), a b side plate (203), a b bottom plate (204) and movable plate b front plate (202) and a b back plate (205) which are fixedly spliced, wherein a T shape is fixedly formed between the b upper plate (201) and the b side plate (203) and between the b bottom plate (204) and the b side plate (203), the b side plate (203) is perpendicular to the b upper plate (201) and the b bottom plate (204), the b upper plate (201) is parallel to the b bottom plate (204), the b front plate (202) is perpendicular to the b upper plate (201) and the b side plate (203), the b front plate (202) is parallel to the b back plate (205), three edges of the b front plate (202) and the b back plate (205) are tightly attached to the inner side of the T-shaped structure, and the b front plate (202) and the b back plate (205) can be arranged on the b upper plate (201), The side plate (203) and the bottom plate (204) enclose a T-shaped area to move back and forth;

the combined part fault plane (801) between the a box body (100) and the b box body (200) is an inclined plane, and the plane is perpendicular to the b front plate (202) and the a front plate (102).

3. The experimental device for simulating the research on the mechanism of the movable fault on the tunnel damage according to claim 2, is characterized in that:

the horizontal pressurizing system comprises upper angle steel (301), front angle steel (302), lower angle steel (303), rear angle steel (304) and a pressurizing device (401); the upper angle steel (301) is fixed on the a upper plate (101) and the b upper plate (201); the lower angle steel (303) is fixed on the a bottom plate (104) and the b bottom plate (204); the front angle steel (302), the upper angle steel (301) and the lower angle steel (303) are fixedly connected in a square shape, and the inner side of the front angle steel is abutted against the front end of the pressurizing device (401); the rear angle steel (304) is tightly attached to and fixed with the front plate a (102), the rear plate a (105), the front plate b (202) and the rear plate b (205) respectively, and the bottom of the pressurizing device (401) is tightly attached to the rear angle steel (304); two pressurizing devices (401) are arranged between the front angle steel (302) and the rear angle steel (304).

4. The experimental device for simulating the research on the mechanism of the movable fault on the tunnel damage according to claim 3, characterized in that: the pressurizing device (401) is provided with a displacement sensor, and a load sensor is arranged between the pressurizing device (401) and the rear angle steel (304).

5. The experimental device for simulating the research on the mechanism of the movable fault on the tunnel damage according to claim 4, characterized in that: the b box body (200) is provided with a displacement sensor, and a load sensor is arranged between the b box body (200) and the vertical pressurizing equipment (900).

6. The experimental device for simulating the research on the mechanism of the movable fault on the tunnel damage according to claim 5, characterized in that:

a base (501) with the same height as the elastic piece (601) is arranged below the a box body (100), and the base (501) and the elastic piece (601) are fixed on a horizontal support (701) in the same horizontal direction; the horizontal support (701) is a fixed bottom plate or a horizontal ground.

7. The test device for simulating the research of the active fault on the tunnel damage mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: the elastic piece (601) is a spring matrix.

8. The experimental device for simulating the research on the mechanism of the movable fault on the tunnel damage according to claim 7, is characterized in that:

the vertical pressurizing equipment (900) capable of adjusting load above the box body (200) is a 2000KN four-column counter-force support.

9. The experimental device for simulating the research on the mechanism of the movable fault on the tunnel damage according to claim 8, characterized in that: the pressurizing device (401) is a jack.