CN106338440A - True and false triaxial rock mechanical property testing device and method thereof - Google Patents
True and false triaxial rock mechanical property testing device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical properties testing, and concretely relates to a true and false triaxial rock mechanical property testing device and a method thereof. The true and false triaxial rock mechanical property testing device comprises a loading support, a loading chamber, a loading spherical head, a rock, an X1-direction actuator, an X2-direction actuator, a Y1-direction actuator, a Y2-direction actuator, a Z-direction actuator, a loading platform, a device pedestal, and a base. The device pedestal is arranged over the base, the loading support is arranged on the device pedestal, the loading platform is arranged on the device pedestal, the X1-ditection actuator and the X2-direction actuator are positioned at two sides of the loading platform; the Y1-direction actuator and the Y2-direction actuator are positioned at the other two sides of the loading platform; the rock is arranged on the loading platform; the top of the loading chamber is connected with a horizontal loading crossbeam in the loading support, and is positioned over the rock; the Z-direction actuator is positioned in the loading chamber, and the loading spherical head is arranged at the bottom of the loading chamber. The true and false triaxial rock mechanical property testing device can realize detection of mechanical properties of the rock under different bearing states.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanics performance testing technology field is and in particular to a kind of true and false three axle material properties of rock
Test device and its method.
Background technology
Mechanics Performance Testing under multi-party outward force acts on for the rock is for the property of this fragility medium of study of rocks
Matter has great importance.The rock being acted on by various directions, the test of its mechanical property belongs to Solid Mechanics
Research category, its for rock the Research on Mechanical Properties under different directions stressing conditions play basic
Directive function, particularly under engineering fact, the stress of rock has direct effect.For rock type
Quasi-brittle material, mechanical property is the key factor determining this rock mass engineering project stability.Therefore, how to obtain
Mechanical property parameters under real bearing state for the rock are problem demanding prompt solutions.
It is currently used for the device of material properties of rock test, its test device is divided into true triaxial rock mechanics to test
System and false three axle rock mechanics test systems, the mechanical property parameters that it records reflect this rock in difference
Mechanical characteristic under loading direction, the confined pressure of different loading stress.For true triaxial rock mechanics test system,
That reflects stressing conditions under real bearing state for the rock.For false three axle rock mechanics test systems,
That reflects stressing conditions under certain specific stress for the rock.But, there is presently no a kind of device energy
Reach test stressing conditions under true triaxial or false three axles for the rock simultaneously.If this two kinds can be obtained simultaneously
Mechanics parameter under stressing conditions, for rock, this material has more deep understanding, this for rock
The application of engineering material has more extensive prospect.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the invention is: provides a kind of true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices
And its method, realize the mensure of the mechanical property under different stresses to rock.
Present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices, including loading support, scalable LOADED CAVITY, add
Carry ballhead, rock mass, x1 to actuator, x2 to actuator, y1 to actuator, y2 to actuator, z
To actuator, weighted platform and device pedestal；Load support to be arranged on device pedestal, weighted platform is installed
On device pedestal；X1 is located at the both sides of weighted platform to actuator and x2 to actuator, and x1 is to start
Device and x2 are installed on device pedestal to actuator；Y1 is located to load to actuator to actuator and y2 and puts down
The another both sides of platform, and y1 is installed on device pedestal to actuator and y2 to actuator, loads in support
Horizontal addload crossbeam bottom be provided with scalable LOADED CAVITY, scalable LOADED CAVITY be located at weighted platform above, z
It is located at the inside of scalable LOADED CAVITY to actuator, load the bottom that ballhead is arranged on scalable LOADED CAVITY.
Described LOADED CAVITY is equipped with hydraulic oil.
The vertical loading post of described loading support is arranged on device pedestal.
A kind of true and false three axle material properties of rock method of testings, comprise the steps:
Step one, device layout；
Step 2, placement rock mass；
Step 3, true triaxial test；
Step 4, false triaxial test.
In described step one, x1 to actuator, x2 to actuator, y1 to actuator, y2 to actuator,
Z all keeps in the center to actuator.
In described step 2, rock mass to be tested is positioned over the center position of weighted platform；With x1 to actuator,
X2 all keeps identical distance to actuator, y2 to the loading end head of actuator to actuator, y1.
In described step 3, scalable LOADED CAVITY loads z to active force to z to actuator, makes z to start
The loading ballhead of device front end stretches out, until touching rock mass sample；After z is stable to active force, simultaneously
Apply x to y to active force；Change the amount of force in three directions of x, y, z, loaded.
In described step 4, z stretches out inside scalable LOADED CAVITY to actuator, and z puts down to actuator with loading
Platform contacts and is fixedly connected；Scalable LOADED CAVITY loads z to active force, until z is to actuator front end
Load ballhead and touch rock mass；After z is stable to active force, hydraulic loaded oil is injected scalable loading
Intracavity portion, and fill；Change z to active force and confined pressure size, loaded.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind of the present invention and its method, can be by electricity
Brain control system, obtains in loading procedure, the mechanics fundamental characteristics parameter of this rock mass；
(2) the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind of the present invention and its method, can simulate sky
Stressing conditions under the true stressing conditions of right rock mass and certain particular case；
(3) the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind of the present invention and its method, not only operation side
Just, measurement is convenient, and measurement result is accurately and reliably；
(4) the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind of the present invention and its method, are particularly suitable for
Rock, the permeance property test of coagulation great soil group quasi-brittle material.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the true and false three axle material properties of rock test device structural representations of one kind of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the true and false three axle material properties of rock test device side schematic views of one kind of the present invention and true three
Schematic diagram under axle stressing conditions；
Fig. 3 is the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind of the present invention in false three axle stressing conditions
Under schematic diagram；
In figure: 1- loads support, the scalable LOADED CAVITY of 2-, 3- loading ballhead, 4- rock mass, 5-x1 to start
Device, 6-x2 load to actuator, 9-z to actuator, 10- to actuator, 7-y1 to actuator, 8-y2
Platform, 11- device pedestal, 12- ground.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples the present invention is described further.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind of the present invention, including
Load support 1, scalable LOADED CAVITY 2, load ballhead 3, x1 to actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6,
Y1 to actuator 7, y2 to actuator 8, z to actuator 9, weighted platform 10, device pedestal 11,
Base 12.Device pedestal 11 is fixedly mounted on the surface of ground 12 by foundation bolt level；Load support
1 vertically loads post by horizontal addload crossbeam with four forms, and loads the vertical bottom loading post of 1 four, support and leads to
Cross connecting bolt to be fixedly mounted on device pedestal 11；Weighted platform 10 is arranged on device by connecting bolt
Pedestal 11 top center.As shown in figure 1, x1 is located at weighted platform to actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6
10 both sides, and x1 is located at weighted platform 10 and loading support 1 to actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6
Vertically load between post, x1 is all arranged on by connecting bolt to actuator 5 and x2 to actuator 6 bottom
On device pedestal 11.As shown in Fig. 2 y1 is located at weighted platform 10 to actuator 7, y2 to actuator 8
Another both sides, and y1 is located at weighted platform 10 to actuator 7, y2 to actuator 8 and loads support 1
Vertically load between post, y1 is all arranged on dress by connecting bolt to actuator 7, y2 to actuator 8 bottom
Put on pedestal 11.X1 is to actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6, y1 to actuator 7, y2 to actuator 8
Horizontal addload for the front, rear, left and right four direction of horizontal direction；Rock mass 4 is placed in weighted platform
On 10；It is solid that the top of scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 and the horizontal addload crossbeam loading in support 1 pass through connecting bolt
Fixed connection, and scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 is located at the surface of rock mass 4；Z is located at scalable adding to actuator 9
Carry the inside in chamber 2, for the Vertical loading of vertical direction；Load ballhead 3 and be arranged on scalable LOADED CAVITY 2
Bottom, can achieve loading to rock mass 4.
As shown in figure 3, scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 is under different test modes, achievable loading chambers stretch out
Or the function of retracting.
Load support 1 all using stainless steel.
LOADED CAVITY 2, equipped with hydraulic oil, can be used for applying and distribute to each actuator.X1 to actuator 5,
X2 can be simultaneously to rock mass 4 to actuator 9 to actuator 8, z to actuator 7, y2 to actuator 6, y1
To apply active force, also can be individually from certain direction to apply active force, and each actuator works, mutually independently of one another
Do not affect.
The true and false three axle material properties of rock method of testings of one kind of the present invention, comprise the steps:
Step 1. device layout
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, by x1 to actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6, y1 to actuator 7, y2
All keep in the center to actuator 8, z to actuator 9.Z to actuator 9 keep in the center state purpose be by
The enough height of scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 lifting, it is ensured that there being enough working places, are placed rock mass 4 and are existed
On weighted platform 10.
Step 2. places rock mass 4
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, rock mass 4 to be tested is positioned over the center position of weighted platform 10, to be measured
The actuator of examination rock mass 4 and horizontal direction, that is, with x1 to actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6, y1
All keep identical distance to actuator 7, y2 to the loading end head of actuator 8.
Step 3. true triaxial test
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the z in scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 is in retracted mode to actuator 9, i.e. z
It is located inside scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 to actuator 9；Scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 slowly adds to z to actuator 9
Carry z to active force, z slowly stretches out to the loading ballhead 3 of actuator 9 front end, until touching rock mass
4 samples；
Z is made to apply to a predetermined less load value it is ensured that rock mass 4 is in steady statue to active force；
After z is stable to active force, apply horizontal direction active force simultaneously, that is, x to y to active force；
By displacement loading mode it is ensured that x is to the side being applied simultaneously to rock mass 4 with y to active force；
Change the amount of force in three directions of x, y, z, loaded, until it reaches predetermined action force value,
Whole process of the test all automatically saves data, completes to test；
Now the stress of rock mass 4 is: three directions are different loading forces, as true triaxial state
Load；
During whole true triaxial test, the z in scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 is retracted mode to actuator 9,
Rock 4 is complete exposure state.Rock 4 is subject to x1 to actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6, y1 to start
Device 7, y2 to actuator 8, loading from z to actuator 9.
Step 4. vacation triaxial test
As shown in figure 3, z slowly stretches out inside scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 to actuator 9, z is to actuator 9
Contact with weighted platform 10 and both are fixed by connecting bolt, and sealed by sealing ring；x1
To actuator 5, x2 to actuator 6, y1 to actuator 7, y2 to actuator 8 in whole process, begin
It is retracted mode eventually, remain stationary as, be not involved in false triaxial test process；
Scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 is slow to load z to active force to z to actuator 9, and z is to actuator 9 front end
Loading ballhead 3 slowly stretch out, until touch rock mass 4 sample；
Scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 makes z apply to a predetermined less load value to active force it is ensured that tested
Rock mass 4 is in steady statue；
After z is stable to active force, hydraulic loaded oil is injected inside scalable LOADED CAVITY 2, and fills,
Ensure that rock mass 4 is in the state surrounded by hydraulic oil, now, tested rock mass circumferential pressure is identical hydrostatic
Pressure, that is, x, y be identical numerical value to active force, rock mass is in false three axle stress states；
Change z to active force and confined pressure size, loaded, until it reaches predetermined action force value, complete
Become test.
When carrying out false triaxial test, scalable LOADED CAVITY 2 is fully extended state, connects with weighted platform 10
Touch.Have loading hydraulic oil in the inside of scalable LOADED CAVITY 2, rock can be applied static, each to uniform
Confined pressure.Meanwhile, the sample rock 4 of this test is in the state that z loads to actuator 9.
Above in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is explained in detail, but the present invention be not limited to above-mentioned
Embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art possess, can also be without departing from the present invention
On the premise of objective, various changes can be made.The content not being described in detail in the present invention all can adopt existing skill
Art.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices it is characterised in that: include loading support (1), scalable LOADED CAVITY (2), load ballhead (3), rock mass (4), x1 to actuator (5), x2 to actuator (6), y1 to actuator (7), y2 to actuator (8), z to actuator (9), weighted platform (10) and device pedestal (11)；Load support (1) to be arranged on device pedestal (11), weighted platform (10) is arranged on device pedestal (11)；X1 is located at the both sides of weighted platform (10) to actuator (5) and x2 to actuator (6), and x1 is installed on device pedestal (11) to actuator (5) and x2 to actuator (6)；Y1 is located at the another both sides of weighted platform (10) to actuator (7) and y2 to actuator (8), and y1 is installed on device pedestal (11) to actuator (7) and y2 to actuator (8), the horizontal addload crossbeam bottom loading in support (1) is provided with scalable LOADED CAVITY (2), scalable LOADED CAVITY (2) is located above weighted platform (10), z is located at the inside of scalable LOADED CAVITY (2) to actuator (9), loads the bottom that ballhead (3) is arranged on scalable LOADED CAVITY (2).
2. the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: described LOADED CAVITY (2) is equipped with hydraulic oil.
3. the true and false three axle material properties of rock test devices of one kind according to claim 1 it is characterised in that: the vertical loading post of described loading support (1) is arranged on device pedestal (11).
4. a kind of true and false three axle material properties of rock method of testings it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
Step one, device layout；
Step 2, placement rock mass (4)；
Step 3, true triaxial test；
Step 4, false triaxial test.
5. the true and false three axle material properties of rock method of testings of one kind according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: in described step one, x1 all keeps in the center to actuator (9) to actuator (7), y2 to actuator (8), z to actuator (5), x2 to actuator (6), y1.
6. the true and false three axle material properties of rock method of testings of one kind according to claim 6 it is characterised in that: in described step 2, rock mass to be tested (4) is positioned over the center position of weighted platform (10)；All keep identical distance with x1 to actuator (5), x2 to actuator (6), y1 to actuator (7), y2 to the loading end head of actuator (8).
7. the true and false three axle material properties of rock method of testings of one kind according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in described step 3, scalable LOADED CAVITY (2) loads z to active force to actuator (9) to z, z is made to stretch out to the loading ballhead (3) of actuator (9) front end, until touching rock mass (4) sample；After z is stable to active force, apply simultaneously x to y to active force；Change the amount of force in three directions of x, y, z, loaded.
8. the true and false three axle material properties of rock method of testings of one kind according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: in described step 4, z stretches out inside scalable LOADED CAVITY (2) to actuator (9), and z contacts and is fixedly connected with weighted platform (10) to actuator (9)；Scalable LOADED CAVITY (2) loads z to active force, until z touches rock mass (4) to the loading ballhead (3) of actuator (9) front end；After z is stable to active force, hydraulic loaded oil is injected scalable LOADED CAVITY (2) inside, and fills；Change z to active force and confined pressure size, loaded.
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| CN201510400867.0A CN106338440B (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-07-09 | The true and false three axis material properties of rock test device of one kind and its method |
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| CN201510400867.0A CN106338440B (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-07-09 | The true and false three axis material properties of rock test device of one kind and its method |
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Cited By (6)
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| CN107179242A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-19 | 东南大学 | A kind of manual simplified true triaxil tester |
| CN108036999A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-15 | 山东大学 | A kind of novel and multifunctional testing machine loaded for rock mass direct shearing, tension and compression |
| CN109269891A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-01-25 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of true triaxial loading device and test method suitable for false three-axis tester |
| CN110542610A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-06 | 武汉理工大学 | rock mass stretching, compressing, shearing and twisting integrated test device |
| CN111413202A (en) * | 2020-04-20 | 2020-07-14 | 中山大学 | Multipoint-constrained rock mass failure test device and method |
| CN113109173A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-07-13 | 绍兴文理学院 | Test device for testing shear strength of frost heaving of rock ice-containing fracture |
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| CN113109173A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-07-13 | 绍兴文理学院 | Test device for testing shear strength of frost heaving of rock ice-containing fracture |
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| CN106338440B (en) | 2019-04-16 |
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