CN109269891A - A kind of true triaxial loading device and test method suitable for false three-axis tester - Google Patents
A kind of true triaxial loading device and test method suitable for false three-axis tester Download PDFInfo
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- CN109269891A CN109269891A CN201811283212.XA CN201811283212A CN109269891A CN 109269891 A CN109269891 A CN 109269891A CN 201811283212 A CN201811283212 A CN 201811283212A CN 109269891 A CN109269891 A CN 109269891A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
- G01N2203/0647—Image analysis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
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- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of true triaxial loading devices and test method suitable for false three-axis tester, it is related to rock mechanics experiment engineering device technique field, solves the technical issues of false Triaxial tester is unable to complete true triaxial load, the device includes second principal stress loading device, third principal stress loading device and monitoring device, and second principal stress loading device includes load pedestal, hydraulic cylinder, guide rod and the second bearing plate；Third principal stress loading device includes sliding bearing plate, constantly acting load conversion block, sliding load transfer block and third bearing plate；Wherein guide rod passes through sliding bearing plate, slides and is respectively arranged with constantly acting load conversion block and sliding load transfer block on bearing plate；Monitoring device includes displacement sensor, pressure sensor and industrial camera, includes the installation and test operation step of device using the method that the device carries out three axis load tests.In addition the present invention has many advantages, such as that improvement cost is low, convenient for disassembly and assembly and loading force is evenly distributed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mechanics experiment engineering device technique field, especially one kind to be suitably mounted to false three-axis tester
On true triaxial loading device and using the device carry out true triaxial load test method.
Background technique
It in underground engineering, is measured rock mass and is typically in three-dimensional stress state, be the change of rock mass in Study of The Underground engineering
Shape and intensity need to carry out true triaxial load test to study deformation and the strength characteristic of rock mass, thus as engineering stability
The important evidence being related to.Currently, rock mechanics experiment device includes true triaxial test machine and false three axis examination under the conditions of three-dimensional stress
Machine is tested, wherein false three-axis tester price is lower, easy to operate, and use scope is wide, but false three-axis tester only can
For etc. load test under confining pressures state.It is usually unequal in three principal stresses of engineering rock mass in practice, and work as
When second principal stress and third principal stress difference the deformation failure of rock with etc. deformation-failure character under confining pressures state exist very
Big difference.Existing true triaxial load testing machine although solve the problems, such as three axis load, but true triaxial test machine at
This height takes up a large area, and adds true triaxial test chance and true triaxial test machine and false three-axis tester resource is caused to repeat and wave
Take, it is therefore desirable to which existing false three-axis tester is improved.
Summary of the invention
To solve the technical issues of false Triaxial tester is unable to complete true triaxial load, the present invention provides one kind to be applicable in
In the true triaxial loading device and test method of false three-axis tester, specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester, including second principal stress loading device, third master
Stress loading device, monitoring device and confining pressure servo-loading unit；The second principal stress loading device includes load pedestal, liquid
Compressing cylinder, guide rod and the second bearing plate；The third principal stress loading device include sliding bearing plate, constantly acting load conversion block,
Corner block group, sliding load transfer block and third bearing plate；The monitoring device includes displacement sensor, pressure sensor and work
Industry camera；The hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged symmetrically, to be fixed on load pedestal；The both ends of the guide rod are fixed on load pedestal, are led
Bar passes through sliding bearing plate；It is provided with constantly acting load conversion block on the sliding bearing plate or sliding load transfer block, sliding are held
Pressing plate is moved with hydraulic cylinder；The sliding load transfer block is connected by ball with card slot with sliding bearing plate.
Preferably, be provided with pressure sensor between the second bearing plate and sliding bearing plate, the third bearing plate and
Pressure sensor is provided between sliding load transfer block；Displacement sensing is provided on second bearing plate and third bearing plate
Device.
It may further be preferable that third bearing plate is transparent panel, industrial camera mounting groove, institute are provided on third bearing plate
Industrial camera is stated to be fixed on third bearing plate.It may further be preferable that being provided between sliding bearing plate and the second bearing plate
Anti-friction pad.
It is also preferred that the base angle of inclined contact surface is α between constantly acting load conversion block and sliding load transfer block；It is described
Multiple guide rods are fixed between load pedestal.
It is also preferred that hydraulic cylinder is connect with the confining pressure servo-loading unit of false three-axis tester.
A method of suitable for the true triaxial load test of false three-axis tester, using suitable for false three-axis tester
True triaxial loading device carry out three axis load tests method the following steps are included:
Step 1 installation is suitable for the true triaxial loading device of false three-axis tester, will specifically be suitable for false three axis examination
The true triaxial loading device for testing machine is placed on the axially loaded oil cylinder of false three-axis tester and fixes；
Step 2 adjusts true triaxial loading device, after placing the rock sample with artificial speckle field, selection installation triangle
Block group, and mounting industrial camera adjust displacement sensor, pressure sensor, anti-friction pad, the second bearing plate and third bearing plate
Position；
Step 3 adjusts hydraulic system, and hydraulic cylinder is connect with the confining pressure servo-loading unit of false three-axis tester, and
The confining pressure servo-loading unit for opening false three-axis tester, is loaded in second principal stress direction and third principal stress direction；
The pressure load of step 4 axis, records test data, and the axis by starting false three-axis tester presses loading device first
Principal direction of stress applies pressure, records the measurement data of displacement sensor and pressure sensor, and saves the shooting of industrial camera
Data.
The beneficial effect comprise that
(1) it is realized in second principal stress and third principal stress direction using the true triaxial loading device of false three-axis tester
Synchronous load, to realize the true triaxial load test of false three-axis tester.
(2) it is realized by sliding bearing plate, constantly acting load conversion block and sliding load transfer block, second principal stress and the
Gearing load on three principal direction of stress, the conversion using different pressures in corner block group realization both direction than load, and
Applying pressure by sliding ensure that the steady of pressure transmitting.
(3) third bearing plate using transparent panel and is equipped with industrial camera, realizes the visualizing monitor of rock load, and
It is capable of the stability of guarantee test data record, the reality of test data is realized by using pressure sensor and displacement sensor
When feed back.
(4) multiple guide rods, which are arranged, ensure that the stability of steady and device entirety of second principal stress load, and antifriction is arranged
The second bearing plate still is able to stablize load after wiping board ensure that the rock failure mechanism of rock.
In addition the present invention also has easy for installation, and structure load is reliable, and improvement cost is low, and it is excellent that loading force is evenly distributed etc.
Point.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the true triaxial loading device overall structure top view suitable for false three-axis tester；
Fig. 2 is the fractionation structural representation of constantly acting load conversion block and sliding load transfer block.
In figure: 1- second principal stress loading device；11- loads pedestal；12- hydraulic cylinder；13- guide rod；The second pressure-bearing of 14-
Plate；15- anti-friction pad；2- third principal stress loading device；21- slides bearing plate；22- constantly acting load conversion block；23- corner block
Group；The first block of 231-；The second block of 232-；24- slides load transfer block；25- third bearing plate；3- monitoring device；31-
Displacement sensor；32- pressure sensor；33- industrial camera；4- confining pressure servo-loading unit；5- rock sample.
Specific embodiment
Referring to figs. 1 and 2, a kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester provided by the invention and
The specific embodiment of test method is as follows.
A kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester specifically includes second principal stress loading device 1,
Three principal stress loading devices 2, monitoring device 3 and confining pressure servo-loading unit 4.Second principal stress loading device 1 and third master answer
Force loading device 2 is arranged vertically, for loading confining pressure；It is straight in second principal stress loading device 1 and third principal stress loading device 2
It connects and is provided with cavity, for placing rock sample；Monitoring device 3 is for recording test data；Confining pressure servo-loading unit 4 is used for
The hydraulic system for connecting false three-axis tester, realizes the hydraulic control of the present apparatus.Wherein second principal stress loading device 1 mainly wraps
Load pedestal 11, hydraulic cylinder 12, guide rod 13 and the second bearing plate 14 are included, third principal stress loading device 2 mainly includes sliding
Bearing plate 21, constantly acting load conversion block 22, corner block group 23, sliding load transfer block 24 and third bearing plate 25, monitoring device 3
It mainly include displacement sensor 31, pressure sensor 32 and industrial camera 33.
Wherein, first principal stress direction is the axially loaded direction of false three-axis tester, first principal stress direction, the second master
Stress direction and third principal stress direction are mutually perpendicular to two-by-two.On second principal stress direction, hydraulic cylinder 12 is arranged symmetrically, and
It is fixed on load pedestal 11, hydraulic cylinder 12 is connect with the confining pressure servo-loading unit 4 of false three-axis tester.The two of guide rod 13
End is fixed on the load pedestal 11 of two sides, and guide rod 13 passes through sliding bearing plate 21, to guarantee that connection and the stability of load exist
Multiple guide rods 13 are fixed between load pedestal.Second bearing plate 14 is fixed on sliding bearing plate 21, sliding bearing plate 21
It is provided with constantly acting load conversion block 22 on both ends or sliding load transfer block 24, sliding bearing plate 21 are moved with hydraulic cylinder 12.
As shown in Fig. 2, wherein constantly acting load conversion block is arranged in the both ends of same sliding bearing plate 21, the two of another sliding bearing plate 21
End is provided with sliding load transfer block, and constantly acting load conversion block 22 and the base angle for sliding 24 inclined contact surface of load transfer block are α.
And it slides load transfer block 24 and is connected by ball with card slot with sliding bearing plate 21, guarantee to load on third principal stress direction
Stability and realize flexible load.Corner block group is provided between constantly acting load conversion block 22 and sliding load transfer block 24
23, the base angle of the inclined contact surface of different corner block groups is different, and the base angle of the inclined contact surface of corner block group 23 includes at least
45 degree, 30 degree and 60 degree, combined triangular block can also be needed to change angle according to experiment, so as to adjust pressure ratio.Corner block
Group 23 includes the first block 231 and the second block 232, and the base angle of 232 inclined contact surface of the first block 231 and the second block is α,
The corner block group at different inclination base angles is set between constantly acting load conversion block 22 and sliding load transfer block 24, so as to adjust
Pressure ratio on second principal stress direction and third principal stress direction.
Pressure sensor 32 is provided between second bearing plate 14 and sliding bearing plate 21, third bearing plate 25 and sliding carry
It is provided with pressure sensor 32 between lotus conversion block 24, is provided with displacement sensor on the second bearing plate 14 and third bearing plate 25
31.Third bearing plate 25 is transparent panel, is provided with 33 mounting groove of industrial camera on third bearing plate 25, industrial camera 33 is fixed on
On third bearing plate 25, industrial camera 33 can shoot the side speckle image of rock sample.Sliding bearing plate 21 and second is held
Anti-friction pad 15 is provided between pressing plate 14, the second bearing plate still is able to stablize load after ensure that the rock failure mechanism of rock, reduces rock
The friction of end face when test piece deformation.
The method for carrying out three axis load tests using the above-mentioned true triaxial loading device for being suitable for false three-axis tester, including
Following steps:
Step 1 installation is suitable for the true triaxial loading device of false three-axis tester, will specifically be suitable for false three axis examination
The true triaxial loading device for testing machine is placed on the axially loaded oil cylinder of false three-axis tester and fixes；
Step 2 adjusts true triaxial loading device, after placing the rock sample 5 with artificial speckle field, selection installation three
Hornblock group 23, and mounting industrial camera 33 adjust displacement sensor 31, pressure sensor 32, anti-friction pad 15, the second bearing plate 14
With the position of third bearing plate 25；
Step 3 adjusts hydraulic system, and hydraulic cylinder is connect with the confining pressure servo-loading unit of false three-axis tester, and
The confining pressure servo-loading unit 4 for opening false three-axis tester, is added on second principal stress direction and third principal stress direction
It carries；
The pressure load of step 4 axis, records test data, is applied by starting false three-axis tester in first principal stress direction
Pressure records displacement sensor 31 and 32 measurement data of pressure sensor, and saves the photographed data of industrial camera 33, until rock
Stone test specimen 5 destroys.
The part that do not address in the present invention uses or uses for reference prior art and can be realized.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the essential scope of the present invention also should belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester, which is characterized in that load and fill including second principal stress
It sets, third principal stress loading device, monitoring device and confining pressure servo-loading unit；
The second principal stress loading device includes load pedestal, hydraulic cylinder, guide rod and the second bearing plate；The third master answers
Force loading device includes sliding bearing plate, constantly acting load conversion block, corner block group, sliding load transfer block and third bearing plate；
The monitoring device includes displacement sensor, pressure sensor and industrial camera；
The hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged symmetrically, to be fixed on load pedestal；The both ends of the guide rod are fixed on load pedestal, guide rod
Across sliding bearing plate；It is provided with constantly acting load conversion block or sliding load transfer block on the sliding bearing plate, slides pressure-bearing
Plate is moved with hydraulic cylinder；The sliding load transfer block is connected by ball with card slot with sliding bearing plate.
2. a kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State and be provided with pressure sensor between the second bearing plate and sliding bearing plate, the third bearing plate and sliding load transfer block it
Between be provided with pressure sensor；Displacement sensor is provided on second bearing plate and third bearing plate.
3. a kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Stating third bearing plate is transparent panel, is provided with industrial camera mounting groove on third bearing plate, the industrial camera is fixed on third
On bearing plate.
4. a kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
It states and is provided with anti-friction pad between sliding bearing plate and the second bearing plate.
5. a kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating constantly acting load conversion block and sliding the base angle of inclined contact surface between load transfer block is α；It is fixed between the load pedestal
There are multiple guide rods.
6. a kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Hydraulic cylinder is stated to connect with the confining pressure servo-loading unit of false three-axis tester.
7. a kind of method of the true triaxial load test suitable for false three-axis tester, using described in any one of claim 1 to 6
A kind of true triaxial loading device suitable for false three-axis tester, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1 installation is suitable for the true triaxial loading device of false three-axis tester, will specifically be suitable for false three-axis tester
True triaxial loading device be placed on the axially loaded oil cylinder of false three-axis tester and fixed；
Step 2 adjusts true triaxial loading device, after placing the rock sample with artificial speckle field, selection installation corner block
Group, and mounting industrial camera adjust the position of displacement sensor, pressure sensor, anti-friction pad, the second bearing plate and third bearing plate
It sets；
Step 3 adjusts hydraulic system, and hydraulic cylinder is connect with the confining pressure servo-loading unit of false three-axis tester, and opens
The confining pressure servo-loading unit of false three-axis tester is loaded in second principal stress direction and third principal stress direction；
The pressure load of step 4 axis, records test data, and the axis by starting false three-axis tester presses loading device to answer in the first master
Power direction applies pressure, records the measurement data of displacement sensor and pressure sensor, and saves the photographed data of industrial camera.
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| CN201811283212.XA CN109269891B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | True triaxial loading device and test method suitable for false triaxial test machine |
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| CN201811283212.XA CN109269891B (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | True triaxial loading device and test method suitable for false triaxial test machine |
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| CN109269891B CN109269891B (en) | 2024-07-02 |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN110044719A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-07-23 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | A kind of granular media spoil true three-axial compression test apparatus and method |
| CN110095345A (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2019-08-06 | 山东科技大学 | A kind of adjustable true triaxial test machine of load rigidity and test method |
| CN110146389A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-20 | 山东科技大学 | For analog force-heat-liquid coupling environment true triaxial direct shear test box and method |
| CN110186774A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-08-30 | 四川德翔科创仪器有限公司 | Rock testing experiment true triaxial test device |
| CN110487621A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-11-22 | 东北大学 | A kind of full mutual buckle type of square coupons for true triaxial test loads press plate mechanism |
| CN110514523A (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2019-11-29 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of stress loading combination unit |
| CN111398031A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-10 | 中国地震局地质研究所 | Modularization press convenient to reorganize by oneself |
| CN115266365A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-11-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Device for simultaneously measuring stress field and real contact area in sliding process of contact surface |
| CN115389322A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-25 | 东北大学 | Bidirectional synchronous loading method for true triaxial tester |
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