CN110186774A - Rock testing experiment true triaxial test device - Google Patents
Rock testing experiment true triaxial test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110186774A CN110186774A CN201910611972.7A CN201910611972A CN110186774A CN 110186774 A CN110186774 A CN 110186774A CN 201910611972 A CN201910611972 A CN 201910611972A CN 110186774 A CN110186774 A CN 110186774A
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- horizontal
- testing experiment
- true triaxial
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- pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rock testing experiment true triaxial test devices, the horizontal cylinder body including being built in pressure chamber, and horizontal cylinder interior is the test chamber for placing sample；Test chamber seaming chuck is for applying axial stress；Test chamber bottom is provided with fixed pressure head；Horizontal pressure head is provided at left and right sides of test chamber, horizontal pressure head front end is for applying left and right stress；Horizontal pressure head rear end is connected with horizontal piston, and the oil pressure injection hole being connected to horizontal piston rear end is provided on horizontal cylinder body；Test chamber is connected to the stress before and after front-rear direction applies sample with pressure chamber.It is an object of the invention to: there is a problem of that bulk is larger for existing rock testing experiment true triaxial testing experiment machine, a kind of rock testing experiment true triaxial test device is provided.The present apparatus can rely on original rock triaxial test machine, by the way that the present apparatus to be assembled on existing pseudo- three-axis tester, can carry out rock true triaxial testing experiment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material properties of rock testing experiment equipment technical fields.It tests and tries in particular it relates to a kind of rock
Test true triaxial test device.
Background technique
Rock triaxial test is divided into true triaxial, pseudo- triaxial test, and pseudo- triaxial test is usually expressed as axial stiffness load, week
Enclose flexible load；And loading method there are two types of true triaxial tests often: 3 directions rigidity loads, 2 directions rigidity loads and 1
The load of direction flexibility.
Rigidly load then needs to configure 6 load cylinders and (loads, then only needed 3, space if ex situ for 3 directions
Direction configures 3 load cylinders).
2 directions rigidly load and 1 direction flexibility load then need to configure 4 load cylinders (loaded if ex situ,
Then only need to configure 2 load cylinders in 2, space direction), in addition need 1 pressure chamber of configuration to undertake flexible load confining pressure
Counter-force.
As shown in Figure 1, using axial direction as first principal stress σ1, left and right directions is as second principal stress σ2, front-rear direction
For third principal stress σ3.Wherein:
σ1=σ3+ axially loaded oil cylinder load；
σ2=σ3+ level (left and right) load cylinder load；
σ3=σ3。
Existing 2 rigid 1 soft actual triaxial testing apparatus 2 load cylinders in symmetric configuration and load transducer, axial arrangement 1
A load cylinder and load transducer, sample lower end is fixed to be used as positioning datum.It is installed on 3 directions configured with load cylinder
There is movable ram, movable ram connects dummy piston, and dummy piston is connected with load transducer through pressure chamber, pacifies in pressure chamber
Equipped with balance cylinder block for offsetting principal stress to the reaction force of load cylinder.
The above true triaxial testing experiment machine are as follows: it at least needs to arrange load cylinder on 2 directions,
Cause loading frame bulk larger, manufacture, transport and installation cost are higher.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: for existing rock testing experiment true triaxial testing experiment machine, that there are bulks is larger
The problem of, a kind of rock testing experiment true triaxial test device is provided.The present apparatus can rely on original rock triaxial test machine, lead to
It crosses and the present apparatus is assembled on existing pseudo- three-axis tester, rock true triaxial testing experiment can be carried out.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of rock testing experiment true triaxial test device, including the horizontal cylinder body for being built in pressure chamber, horizontal cylinder
Body is internally provided with the test chamber for placing sample；
It is provided with the seaming chuck through horizontal cylinder body at the top of test chamber, is used for and the axially loaded oil in pressure chamber at the top of seaming chuck
Cylinder matches, and seaming chuck bottom, which is used to match to merge with sample top surface, applies axial stress；Test chamber bottom is provided with fixed pressure
Head, fixed pressure head top with sample bottom surface for matching；
There are two horizontal pressure head, horizontal pressure head front end is used to match with sample left and right sides for setting at left and right sides of test chamber
Merge and applies left and right stress；Horizontal pressure head rear end and setting are connected with each other in the intracorporal horizontal piston of horizontal cylinder, on horizontal cylinder body
It is provided with the oil pressure injection hole being connected to horizontal piston rear end；
Test chamber is connected to the stress before and after front-rear direction applies sample with pressure chamber.
The present apparatus can rely on original rock triaxial test machine, as long as three configured with axially loaded oil cylinder and certain internal diameter
In addition axis pressure chamber needs configuration level or so second principal stress pressurizing cylinder, can carry out rock true triaxial testing experiment.And
And can also be by existing pseudo- three axis test device, attachment device improves through this embodiment, can be realized true three to sample
Axis testing experiment.
Preferably, horizontal cylinder body is made of horizontal cylinder body, upper end cover, lower cover, drive end bearing bracket, rear end cap, test
For freight space in the middle part of horizontal cylinder body, upper end cover is connected to horizontal cylinder body top, and lower cover is connected to horizontal inferior part of the cylinder block, and drive end bearing bracket connects
It connects in horizontal cylinder body front, rear end cap is connected to horizontal cylinder body rear portion.
Preferably, it is provided with the prelocalization head to match with sample front on drive end bearing bracket, is provided on rear end cap
The rear positioning head to match with sample rear portion.Sample is fixed by front and back positioning head, thus to sample precise positioning.
Preferably, prelocalization head or rear positioning head setting there are two, and prelocalization head be located at drive end bearing bracket it is vertical in
On separated time, rear positioning head is located in the vertical middle separated time of rear end cap.Sample more accurately can be positioned at device center by the present apparatus.
Preferably, lower cover bottom is provided with the lower positioning head to match with pressure chamber bottom.Pass through lower positioning
Head matches with pressure chamber, thus this experimental rig of precise positioning.
Preferably, the through-hole to match with fixed pressure head is provided on lower cover, fixed pressure head is through described logical
Positioning head is connected under Kong Bingyu.This programme provides a kind of structure type that device is positioned to pressure chamber, make this experimental rig with
Sample precise positioning.
It preferably, further include pressurizing cylinder for applying left and right stress, pressurizing cylinder and oil pressure injection hole phase
Even.This programme drives horizontal pressure head by independent pressurizing cylinder.
Preferably, pressurizing cylinder is connected with oil pressure injection hole by pipeline, and oil pressure biography is provided on the pipeline
Sensor.This programme provides a kind of design form for measuring horizontal direction stress.
Preferably, horizontal cylinder interior is provided with balance cylinder block, is provided on horizontal piston and balance cylinder block phase
Matched dummy piston is provided with the gas vent that dummy piston is connected with pressure chamber on balance cylinder block.Inside balance cylinder block
Cavity keeps dummy piston lower end surface stress consistent with top bar stress by introducing confining pressure, offsets the counter-force to external load cylinder
Effect.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
One, the present apparatus can rely on original rock triaxial test machine, as long as being configured with axially loaded oil cylinder and certain internal diameter
Triaxial cell, in addition need configuration second principal stress pressurizing cylinder, rock true triaxial testing experiment can be carried out；
Two, the present apparatus is self-balanced loading mode, and control is accurate, and measurement data is accurate；
Three, present apparatus outer dimension is small, light-weight, convenient for operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of existing 2 rigid 1 soft actual triaxial testing apparatus.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram one of embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram two of embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram three of embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment Yu normal pressures room.
Label corresponding to component in attached drawing: the horizontal pressure head of 1- seaming chuck, 2-, 3- balance cylinder block, 4- upper end cover, 5- are horizontal
The fixed pressure head of cylinder body, 6- dummy piston, 7- lower cover, 8-, 9- high pressure feed orifices, 10- gas vent, 11- sample, 12- lower cover,
13- drive end bearing bracket, 14- rear end cap, 15- positioning mechanism, 16- gas vent.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiment discloses a kind of rock testing experiment true triaxial test devices, as shown in Figure 2-5, including for built-in
Horizontal cylinder body in pressure chamber, horizontal cylinder interior are provided with the test chamber for placing sample.The present embodiment is rock true three
The necessary tooling of the key of axis and correlation test.Rock testing experiment true triaxial test device is the flexible load true triaxial examination of 2 rigidity 1
Experiment device can complete true triaxial compression resultant stress strain and its correlation test.
It is in the axial direction first principal stress direction σ as shown in Fig. 2,51.It is provided at the top of test chamber through horizontal cylinder
The seaming chuck of body, seaming chuck top with the axially loaded oil cylinder in pressure chamber for matching, and seaming chuck bottom is used for and sample top surface
Match to merge and applies axial stress；Test chamber bottom is provided with fixed pressure head, is used to match with sample bottom surface at the top of fixed pressure head
It closes.
It is second principal stress direction σ on horizontal (left and right) direction as shown in Fig. 2,52.It is provided at left and right sides of test chamber
Two horizontal pressure heads, horizontal pressure head front end, which is used to merge with the matching of sample left and right sides, applies left and right stress；After horizontal pressure head
End is connected with each other with setting in the intracorporal horizontal piston of horizontal cylinder, is provided with the oil being connected to horizontal piston rear end on horizontal cylinder body
Press injection hole.High pressure feed orifices are set on horizontal cylinder body, are connected to an alone plenum outside pressure chamber.
It is third principal stress direction σ on sample front-rear direction as shown in Fig. 2,53.Test chamber be connected to pressure chamber with
Front-rear direction applies front and back stress to sample.Keep the pressure around sample consistent with pressure chamber internal pressure.
Wherein:
σ1=σ3+ axially loaded oil cylinder load；
σ2=σ3+ horizontal addload oil cylinder load；
σ3=σ3。
As shown in figure 5, the present embodiment is installed in the usual pressure room with certain position space, hold without additional configuration
Chamber and load cylinder can test the true triaxial characteristic of certain size size rock sample.By existing pseudo- three axis test device,
Attachment device improves through this embodiment, can be realized the true triaxial testing experiment to test specimen, before having a vast market
Scape.
Technical effect possessed by the present embodiment:
One, the present apparatus can rely on original rock triaxial test machine, as long as being configured with axially loaded oil cylinder and certain internal diameter
Triaxial cell, in addition need configuration second principal stress pressurizing cylinder, rock true triaxial testing experiment can be carried out；
Two, the present apparatus is self-balanced loading mode, and control is accurate, and measurement data is accurate；
Three, present apparatus outer dimension is small, light-weight, convenient for operation.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, as shown in Figure 2-5, the horizontal cylinder body of the present embodiment by horizontal cylinder body, upper end cover, under
End cap, drive end bearing bracket, rear end cap composition, test chamber are located in the middle part of horizontal cylinder body, and upper end cover is connected to horizontal cylinder body top, lower cover
It is connected to horizontal inferior part of the cylinder block, drive end bearing bracket is connected to horizontal cylinder body front, and rear end cap is connected to horizontal cylinder body rear portion.
The prelocalization head to match with sample front is provided with as shown in Fig. 2,5, on drive end bearing bracket, be provided on rear end cap with
The rear positioning head that sample rear portion matches.There are two prelocalization heads or the setting of rear positioning head, and prelocalization head is perpendicular positioned at drive end bearing bracket
In straight middle separated time, rear positioning head is located in the vertical middle separated time of rear end cap.Positioning head is slidably connected with end cap, and is arranged between the two
There is spring, sample can be held out against fixation.
As shown in Fig. 2,5, lower cover bottom is provided with the lower positioning head to match with pressure chamber bottom.It is arranged on lower cover
There is the through-hole to match with fixed pressure head, fixed pressure head is connected through the through-hole and with lower positioning head.
For the more demanding problem of installation accuracy of the existing load cylinder on 2 directions, the present embodiment is added fixed
Position mechanism guarantees that sample center is located at device geometric center.Configured with positioning mechanism, sample stress and deformation are reproducible.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1 or 2, the present embodiment further includes the pressurizing cylinder for applying left and right stress, pressurised oil
Cylinder is connected with oil pressure injection hole.Pressurizing cylinder is connected with oil pressure injection hole by pipeline, and oil pressure sensing is provided on the pipeline
Device.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 1,2 or 3, as shown in Figure 2-5, the present embodiment is provided with compensating cylinder in horizontal cylinder interior
Body is provided with the dummy piston to match with balance cylinder block on horizontal piston, is provided on balance cylinder block by dummy piston and pressure
The gas vent that power room is connected, and pressure chamber's air communication are allowed to offset third principal stress to piston reaction force, and horizontal cylinder
Body acts on sample independently of the pressure of third principal stress to dummy piston application.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of rock testing experiment true triaxial test device, it is characterised in that: including the horizontal cylinder for being built in pressure chamber
Body, horizontal cylinder interior are provided with the test chamber for placing sample；
It is provided with the seaming chuck through horizontal cylinder body at the top of test chamber, is used for and the axially loaded oil cylinder phase in pressure chamber at the top of seaming chuck
Cooperation, seaming chuck bottom, which is used to match to merge with sample top surface, applies axial stress；Test chamber bottom is provided with fixed pressure head, Gu
Level pressure overhead with sample bottom surface for matching；
There are two horizontal pressure head, horizontal pressure head front end is used to merge with the matching of sample left and right sides for setting at left and right sides of test chamber
Apply left and right stress；Horizontal pressure head rear end and setting are connected with each other in the intracorporal horizontal piston of horizontal cylinder, are arranged on horizontal cylinder body
There is the oil pressure injection hole being connected to horizontal piston rear end；
Test chamber is connected to the stress before and after front-rear direction applies sample with pressure chamber.
2. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: horizontal cylinder body is by level
Cylinder body, upper end cover, lower cover, drive end bearing bracket, rear end cap composition, test chamber are located in the middle part of horizontal cylinder body, and upper end cover is connected to level
Cylinder body top, lower cover are connected to horizontal inferior part of the cylinder block, and drive end bearing bracket is connected to horizontal cylinder body front, and rear end cap is connected to horizontal cylinder
Body rear portion.
3. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: be provided on drive end bearing bracket
The prelocalization head to match with sample front is provided with the rear positioning head to match with sample rear portion on rear end cap.
4. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: prelocalization head is rear fixed
There are two potential head settings, and prelocalization head is located in the vertical middle separated time of drive end bearing bracket, and rear positioning head is located at the vertical middle separated time of rear end cap
On.
5. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the setting of lower cover bottom
There is the lower positioning head to match with pressure chamber bottom.
6. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: be provided on lower cover
The through-hole to match with fixed pressure head, fixed pressure head are connected through the through-hole and with lower positioning head.
7. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include for applying
The pressurizing cylinder of left and right stress, pressurizing cylinder are connected with oil pressure injection hole.
8. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: pressurizing cylinder and oil pressure
Injection hole is connected by pipeline, is provided with oil pressure sensor on the pipeline.
9. rock testing experiment true triaxial test device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: horizontal cylinder interior is set
It is equipped with balance cylinder block, the dummy piston to match with balance cylinder block is provided on horizontal piston, being provided on balance cylinder block will be flat
The gas vent that weighing apparatus piston is connected with pressure chamber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910611972.7A CN110186774A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Rock testing experiment true triaxial test device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910611972.7A CN110186774A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Rock testing experiment true triaxial test device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110186774A true CN110186774A (en) | 2019-08-30 |
Family
ID=67725346
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910611972.7A Pending CN110186774A (en) | 2019-07-08 | 2019-07-08 | Rock testing experiment true triaxial test device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN110186774A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112730079A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 山东黄金矿业科技有限公司深井开采实验室分公司 | Rock true triaxial dynamic compression shear test device and method under deep complex structure condition |
| CN114184457A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-15 | 北京科技大学 | True triaxial confining pressure rating test device with three-dimensional flexible loading |
-
2019
- 2019-07-08 CN CN201910611972.7A patent/CN110186774A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112730079A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 山东黄金矿业科技有限公司深井开采实验室分公司 | Rock true triaxial dynamic compression shear test device and method under deep complex structure condition |
| CN114184457A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-03-15 | 北京科技大学 | True triaxial confining pressure rating test device with three-dimensional flexible loading |
| CN114184457B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-08-23 | 北京科技大学 | True triaxial confining pressure rating test device with three-dimensional flexible loading |
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