CN109403020A - 一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维及制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维及制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维及制备方法和应用，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束118份、石墨烯95份、绢云母78份、钛铁矿77份、凝固添加剂98份；对进行纤维丝束处理；对钛铁矿进行处理；将处理后的钛铁矿加入到凝固添加剂中，匀速搅拌，搅拌过程中再加入石墨烯和绢云母，再进行超声分散50min，得到混合物；将处理后的纤维丝束加入到的混合物中，捞出，在60℃下固化风干；上述耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维应用在电缆领域中。本发明耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维及制备方法，凝固添加剂提高了石墨烯、绢云母和钛铁矿与对位芳纶纤维附着力，绢云母和钛铁矿提高了紫外线的吸收，起到了高耐紫外线性；制作工艺简单、成本低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种对位芳纶纤维及制备方法和应用，具体是一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维及制备方法和应用。
背景技术
对位芳纶纤维，又称芳纶1414，聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺(poly-p-phenyleneterephthamide)，对苯二胺与对苯二甲酰氯缩合聚合而成的全对位聚芳酰胺。由于分子链的刚性，有溶致液晶性，在溶液中在剪切力作用下极易形成各向异性态织构。具有高耐热性，玻璃化温度在300℃以上，热分解温度高达560℃，180℃空气中放置48小时后强度保持率为84％。高抗拉强度和起始弹性模量，纤维强度0.215牛顿/旦，模量4.9～9.8牛顿/旦，比强度是钢的5倍，用于复合材料时压缩和抗弯强度仅低于无机纤维。热收缩和蠕变性能稳定，此外还有高绝缘性和耐化学腐蚀性。通常用低温溶液缩聚方法聚合，溶剂为六甲基磷酰胺、二甲基乙酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮和四甲基脲等，聚合物生成后即发生相分离，分子量与聚合条件、杂质及溶剂有关。
芳纶纤维不含有耐紫外的物质，极易老化，使用寿命短。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维及制备方法和应用，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束100-150份、石墨烯80-120份、绢云母60-90份、钛铁矿65-85份、凝固添加剂90-110份。
作为本发明进一步的方案：所述耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束110-130份、石墨烯90-100份、绢云母70-85份、钛铁矿75-80份、凝固添加剂95-105份。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束118份、石墨烯95份、绢云母78份、钛铁矿77份、凝固添加剂98份。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述凝固添加剂由氯化镁和环氧树脂组成。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为2-7:1-5。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为5:2。
作为本发明的另一个目的是提供一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)对进行纤维丝束处理
第一步，分别使用去离子水、氢氧化钠溶液对纤维丝束依次反复清洗两次；
第二步，在用乙醇对纤维丝束清洗，再风干；
第三步，放入100℃的环境下，进行热卷制得对位芳纶纤维；
2)对钛铁矿进行处理
第一步，钛铁矿进行硫酸处理，再进行水解，过滤得到沉淀；
第二步，对沉淀进行细化处理；
3)将步骤2)中细化处理后的沉淀加入到凝固添加剂中，匀速搅拌，搅拌过程中再加入石墨烯和绢云母，再进行超声分散50min，得到混合物；
4)再将步骤1)中得到的对位芳纶纤维加入到步骤3)中的混合物中，捞出，在50-70℃下固化风干。
作为本发明再进一步的方案：所述步骤4)中的固化风干温度为60℃。
本发明还提供了上述耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维在电缆领域中的应用。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1、凝固添加剂提高了石墨烯、绢云母和钛铁矿与对位芳纶纤维附着力，绢云母和钛铁矿提高了紫外线的吸收，起到了高耐紫外线性，使用寿命高；
2、耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维的制备方法，制作工艺简单、成本低。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明实施例中，一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束100份、石墨烯80份、绢云母60份、钛铁矿65份、凝固添加剂90份。
其中，所述所述凝固添加剂由氯化镁和环氧树脂组成；所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为2:1。
实施例2
本发明实施例中，一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束150份、石墨烯120份、绢云母90份、钛铁矿85份、凝固添加剂110份。
其中，所述所述凝固添加剂由氯化镁和环氧树脂组成；所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为7:5。
实施例3
本发明实施例中，一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束110份、石墨烯90份、绢云母70份、钛铁矿75份、凝固添加剂95份。
其中，所述所述凝固添加剂由氯化镁和环氧树脂组成；所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为5:2。
实施例4
本发明实施例中，一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束130份、石墨烯100份、绢云母85份、钛铁矿80份、凝固添加剂105份。
其中，所述所述凝固添加剂由氯化镁和环氧树脂组成；所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为5:2。
实施例5
本发明实施例中，一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束118份、石墨烯95份、绢云母78份、钛铁矿77份、凝固添加剂98份。
其中，所述所述凝固添加剂由氯化镁和环氧树脂组成；所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为5:2。
一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)对进行纤维丝束处理
第一步，分别使用去离子水、氢氧化钠溶液对纤维丝束依次反复清洗两次；
第二步，在用乙醇对纤维丝束清洗，再风干；
第三步，放入100℃的环境下，进行热卷制得对位芳纶纤维；
2)对钛铁矿进行处理
第一步，钛铁矿进行硫酸处理，再进行水解，过滤得到沉淀；
第二步，对沉淀进行细化处理；
3)将步骤2)中细化处理后的沉淀加入到凝固添加剂中，匀速搅拌，搅拌过程中再加入石墨烯和绢云母，再进行超声分散50min，得到混合物；
4)再将步骤1)中得到的对位芳纶纤维加入到步骤3)中的混合物中，捞出，在50-70℃下固化风干。
其中，所述步骤4)中的固化风干温度为60℃。
本发明还提供了上述耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维在电缆领域中的应用。
对比例1
中国专利(授权公告号为CN103147153B)高强芳纶纤维及其制备方法中的芳纶纤维。
上述实施例1-5中耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维的配方组分如下表1：
表1
分别对实施例1-5和对比例1中制得的产品进行检测实验，其对不同波长的紫外线吸收率比较的结果如下表2：
表2
| 200nm | 280nm | 360nm | 400nm | |
| 实施例1 | 91.2％ | 92.2％ | 93.1％ | 94.3％ |
| 实施例2 | 91.5％ | 92.4％ | 93.4％ | 94.6％ |
| 实施例3 | 91.3％ | 92.3％ | 93.2％ | 94.5％ |
| 实施例4 | 91.7％ | 92.5％ | 93.7％ | 94.8％ |
| 实施例5 | 91.8％ | 92.6％ | 93.8％ | 94.9％ |
| 对比例1 | 40.2％ | 40.9％ | 41.2％ | 41.6％ |
由表2可以看出，本发明实施例1-5制备的耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维对紫外线吸收率高，耐紫外型强。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (9)
1.一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，其特征在于，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束100-150份、石墨烯80-120份、绢云母60-90份、钛铁矿65-85份、凝固添加剂90-110份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，其特征在于，所述耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束110-130份、石墨烯90-100份、绢云母70-85份、钛铁矿75-80份、凝固添加剂95-105份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，其特征在于，所述耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，包括以下按重量份的原料：纤维丝束118份、石墨烯95份、绢云母78份、钛铁矿77份、凝固添加剂98份。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一所述的一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，其特征在于，所述凝固添加剂由氯化镁和环氧树脂组成。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，其特征在于，所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为2-7:1-5。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维，其特征在于，所述氯化镁和环氧树脂加入的重量比为5:2。
7.一种根据权利要求1-6任一所述的耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
1)对进行纤维丝束处理
第一步，分别使用去离子水、氢氧化钠溶液对纤维丝束依次反复清洗两次；
第二步，在用乙醇对纤维丝束清洗，再风干；
第三步，放入100℃的环境下，进行热卷制得对位芳纶纤维；
2)对钛铁矿进行处理
第一步，钛铁矿进行硫酸处理，再进行水解，过滤得到沉淀；
第二步，对沉淀进行细化处理；
3)将步骤2)中细化处理后的沉淀加入到凝固添加剂中，匀速搅拌，搅拌过程中再加入石墨烯和绢云母，再进行超声分散50min，得到混合物；
4)再将步骤1)中得到的对位芳纶纤维加入到步骤3)中的混合物中，捞出，在50-70℃下固化风干。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤4)中的固化风干温度为60℃。
9.一种根据权利要求1-6任一所述的耐紫外石墨烯复合对位芳纶纤维在电缆领域中的应用。
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