CN109400197A - 一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109400197A
CN109400197A CN201811586975.1A CN201811586975A CN109400197A CN 109400197 A CN109400197 A CN 109400197A CN 201811586975 A CN201811586975 A CN 201811586975A CN 109400197 A CN109400197 A CN 109400197A
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吴斌
李玲玲
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Foshan University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法，所述耐磨陶瓷复合材料包括20‑80份钇稳定的氧化锆、20‑60份纤锌矿型氮化硼、12‑30份碳化硅、5‑20份氧化钴、2‑5份炭黑、2‑10份聚乙烯弹性体、3‑10份氧化铝纤维、3‑10份铜纤维、4‑8份硼酸镁晶须、5‑30份粘结剂、2‑10份辅料。通过钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化钴、炭黑、聚乙烯弹性体、氧化铝纤维、铜纤维、硼酸镁晶须的原料进行合理配比，提高各组分的功效和品质，从而有效提升复合材料的耐磨性能。

Description

一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及耐磨陶瓷复合材料，尤其是涉及一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷材料具有密度低、比强度高、耐高温以及高温下化学性质稳定等优点，在航空航天、冶金和石化等领域得到广泛应用。但由于单一材料本身的限制，其它方面的性能难免有所不足，因此为了满足具体使用环境的要求，必须通过材料的复合来提升一些较为短板的性能，这样就形成了一系列性能各异的陶瓷复合材料。
在这些陶瓷复合材料中，耐磨陶瓷是一个研究热门。关于耐磨陶瓷复合材料的文献也存在急剧增多的趋势，例如，低磨耗环保陶瓷复合基材的制备，碳基陶瓷摩擦片的制备，或者碳基陶瓷耐磨材料的原料混合等都出现了大量研究。但其耐磨性能仍然有所不足。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是如何提供一种具有较好耐磨性能的陶瓷复合材料。
本发明所采取的技术方案是：
一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料，包括20-80质量份的钇稳定的氧化锆、20-60质量份的纤锌矿型氮化硼、12-30质量份的碳化硅、5-20质量份的氧化钴、2-5质量份的炭黑、2-10质量份的聚乙烯弹性体、3-10质量份的氧化铝纤维、3-10质量份的铜纤维、4-8质量份的硼酸镁晶须、5-30质量份的粘结剂、2-10质量份的辅料。
优选的，基于辅料的总质量，辅料包括30-80wt％的硅藻土、10-60wt％的高岭土、0-10wt％的电石。
优选的，基于粘结剂的总质量，粘结剂包括20-60wt％的聚乙烯醇、10-50wt％的羧甲基纤维素钠、5-40wt％的水。
优选的，钇稳定的氧化锆含有4-6mol％的钇。
优选的，聚乙烯弹性体的分子量为25000-32000。
上述耐磨陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1：将钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化钴混合球磨后调制成浆体，通入二氧化碳气体保压，得到混合物一；
S2：将辅料、炭黑、氧化铝纤维、铜纤维、硼酸镁晶须、粘结剂球磨得到混合物二；
S3：将熔融的聚乙烯弹性体与混合物一和混合物二搅拌得到坯料，陈化压制得到素坯，素坯经过脱粘烧结成所述耐磨陶瓷复合材料。
优选的，S1具体为将钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化钴采用无水乙醇为球磨介质球磨10-20小时然后加入总质量0.4-0.6倍的去离子水调制成浆体，向浆体中通入二氧化碳气体在3-8Mpa下保压5-10小时，得到混合物一。
优选的，陈化的时间不小于30小时。
优选的，脱粘的方式为氮气氛围中脱粘。
优选的，烧结具体为升温至1800-1900℃保温2-8小时，缓慢降至1200-1400℃并保温2-4小时。
本发明的有益效果是：
通过钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化钴、炭黑、聚乙烯弹性体、氧化铝纤维、铜纤维、硼酸镁晶须的原料进行合理配比，提高各组分的功效和品质，从而有效提升复合材料的耐磨性能。以钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼作为主要的基体材料，经粘结剂处理后，可以和其它的基体材料形成独特的强硬度结构，使得陶瓷的硬度有明显提升，从而改善其耐磨性能。另一方面，氧化铝纤维、铜纤维、硼酸镁晶须这三种增强体材料可以促进烧结，进一步补强陶瓷的硬度、耐磨性能、耐腐蚀性能和耐热性能。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明的构思、具体结构及产生的技术效果进行清楚、完整地描述，以充分地理解本发明的目的、特征和效果。显然，所描述的实施例只是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例，基于本发明的实施例，本领域的技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的其他实施例，均属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料，包括60质量份的钇稳定的氧化锆、20质量份的纤锌矿型氮化硼、12质量份的碳化硅、18质量份的氧化钴、2质量份的炭黑、4质量份的聚乙烯弹性体、8质量份的氧化铝纤维、10质量份的铜纤维、6质量份的硼酸镁晶须、6质量份的聚乙烯醇、7.5质量份的羧甲基纤维素钠、1.5质量份的水、2质量份的硅藻土、2.5质量份的高岭土、0.5质量份的电石。
上述耐磨陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，具体如下：
S1：将钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化钴采用无水乙醇为球磨介质球磨10-20h然后加入上述物质总质量0.4-0.6倍的去离子水调制成浆体，向浆体中通入二氧化碳气体在3-8Mpa的条件下保压5-10h，得到混合物一；
S2：将硅藻土、高岭土、电石、炭黑进行干法球磨5-10h，得到一种混合物，然后将氧化铝纤维、铜纤维、硼酸镁晶须、聚乙烯醇、羧甲基纤维素钠、水加入其中继续球磨5-8h，得到混合物二；
S3：将聚乙烯弹性体加热熔融，与混合物一和混合物二在高速搅拌机中搅拌均匀，得到坯料，将坯料静置36h进行陈化处理，处理后的坯料在30-60Mpa的压力下压制成型得到素坯，将素坯在氮气气氛下以8-10℃/min的速度升温至880-950℃并保持2-4h，然后以12-15℃/min的速度升温至1800-1900℃并且保温2-8h，然后缓慢降温至1200-1400℃并且保温2-4h，随炉冷却即可得到成品。
实施例2
一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料，包括20质量份的钇稳定的氧化锆、60质量份的纤锌矿型氮化硼、30质量份的碳化硅、5质量份的氧化钴、5质量份的炭黑、10质量份的聚乙烯弹性体、3质量份的氧化铝纤维、3质量份的铜纤维、4质量份的硼酸镁晶须、18质量份的聚乙烯醇、3质量份的羧甲基纤维素钠、9质量份的水、8质量份的硅藻土、1.5质量份的高岭土、0.5质量份的电石。
实施例3
一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料，包括50质量份的钇稳定的氧化锆、40质量份的纤锌矿型氮化硼、21质量份的碳化硅、12质量份的氧化钴、3.5质量份的炭黑、6质量份的聚乙烯弹性体、7质量份的氧化铝纤维、6质量份的铜纤维、6质量份的硼酸镁晶须、1质量份的聚乙烯醇、2质量份的羧甲基纤维素钠、2质量份的水、1.6质量份的硅藻土、0.3质量份的高岭土、0.2质量份的电石。
实施例4
一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料，包括60质量份的钇稳定的氧化锆、20质量份的纤锌矿型氮化硼、12质量份的碳化硅、18质量份的氧化钴、2质量份的炭黑、4质量份的聚乙烯弹性体、8质量份的氧化铝纤维、10质量份的铜纤维、6质量份的硼酸镁晶须、9质量份的聚乙烯醇、5质量份的羧甲基纤维素钠、4质量份的水、3质量份的硅藻土、3质量份的高岭土。
实施例5
按GB/T3810.7-2016测试方法，检测实施例1-4中耐磨陶瓷复合材料的性能，结果如下表1所示。对比例1为市售的某品牌瓷砖。
从上述结果中可以看出，本发明所提供的耐磨陶瓷复合材料具有非常好的耐磨性、硬度较高，而且还有比较好的耐热性能。
以上是对本发明的较佳实施例进行了具体说明，但本发明并不限于所述实施例，熟悉本领域的技术人员在不违背本发明精神的前提下还可做出种种的等同变形或替换，这些等同的变形或替换均包含在本申请权利要求所限定的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种耐磨陶瓷复合材料，其特征在于，包括20-80质量份的钇稳定的氧化锆、20-60质量份的纤锌矿型氮化硼、12-30质量份的碳化硅、5-20质量份的氧化钴、2-5质量份的炭黑、2-10质量份的聚乙烯弹性体、3-10质量份的氧化铝纤维、3-10质量份的铜纤维、4-8质量份的硼酸镁晶须、5-30质量份的粘结剂、2-10质量份的辅料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨陶瓷复合材料，其特征在于，基于所述辅料的总质量，所述辅料包括30-80wt％的硅藻土、10-60wt％的高岭土、0-10wt％的电石。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨陶瓷复合材料，其特征在于，基于所述粘结剂的总质量，所述粘结剂包括20-60wt％的聚乙烯醇、10-50wt％的羧甲基纤维素钠、5-40wt％的水。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨陶瓷复合材料，其特征在于，所述钇稳定的氧化锆含有4-6mol％的钇。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的耐磨陶瓷复合材料，其特征在于，所述聚乙烯弹性体的分子量为25000-32000。
6.权利要求1-5任一项所述的耐磨陶瓷复合材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1：将钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化钴混合球磨后调制成浆体，通入二氧化碳气体保压，得到混合物一；
S2：将辅料、炭黑、氧化铝纤维、铜纤维、硼酸镁晶须、粘结剂球磨得到混合物二；
S3：将熔融的聚乙烯弹性体与所述混合物一和所述混合物二搅拌得到坯料，陈化压制得到素坯，所述素坯经过脱粘烧结成所述耐磨陶瓷复合材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述S1具体为将钇稳定的氧化锆、纤锌矿型氮化硼、碳化硅、氧化钴采用无水乙醇为球磨介质球磨10-20小时然后加入总质量0.4-0.6倍的去离子水调制成浆体，向浆体中通入二氧化碳气体在3-8Mpa下保压5-10小时，得到混合物一。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述陈化的时间不小于30小时。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述脱粘的方式为氮气氛围中脱粘。
10.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于，所述烧结具体为升温至1800-1900℃保温2-8小时，缓慢降至1200-1400℃并保温2-4小时。
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CN110081701A (zh) * 2019-04-28 2019-08-02 安徽省久泰农业装备有限公司 一种具有耐磨陶瓷衬板的粮食烘干机
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CN112723892A (zh) * 2021-01-07 2021-04-30 林萍华 一种具有优良导热性的陶瓷材料的制备方法及陶瓷材料
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