CN109371685B - 一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒纤维及其制备方法和应用,该方法中,首先通过通过纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2、硝酸银在还原剂硼氢酸钠或紫外光照条件下对太极石纳米粉体进行抗菌远红外增强改性,然后将增强改性后的太极石纳米粉体、环氧树脂及固化剂分散于无水乙醇或丙酮中形成分散液,以1:30~1:70的浴比及特定工艺将仿羽绒短纤维在该分散液中进行处理后经冲洗、加热固化及冷却后得到抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维。该纤维可应用于羽绒制品中,其抗菌、远红外功效显著持久,远红外发射率达94%以上,总体抗菌性达95.2%以上。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于纤维加工领域,特别涉及一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
太极石是一种天然矿石其主要成分是二氧化硅,还有少量二氧化钛,以及多种微量的金属矿物元素。它的高频共振频率与人体细胞分子的共振频率相当接近可促进人体吸收和聚集正能量,具有多种优异功能如远红外辐射性能、抗紫外线性能及一定的抗菌性能。
据调查研究发现穿着含有太极石制备的内衣可以明显促进人体血液微循环,提升新陈代谢。随着太极石天然保健功能的发现,多种与太极石相关的纺织功能产品相继见市。这其中包括纤维、纱线及面料,但无论哪一种产品关于太极石的应用,大都采用在纺丝过程将太极石与纺丝液共混将纺丝液加工成纤维,或者再将纤维纺织成纱线,或者最后再将含有太极石的纱线织成面料中。
例如,中国专利申请(CN104153031A)公开了一种能够促进人体微循环的保健纤维及其制造方法通过将太极石超细微粉与纤维基料混合、干燥,加入聚合物助纺剂,造粒得到太极石母粒,然后将太极石母粒和同质纤维切片混合最终制得保健纤维;中国专利申请(CN103726125A)公开了一种防螨抗菌涤纶短纤维及其制备方法,其是将含有太极石的微米级蓄热防螨陶瓷粉末和载银纳米二氧化钛复合抗菌粉体通过酯化聚合纺丝方式制备得到,或者将粉末制成母粒后与聚酯切片混合后纺丝制备得到,经纺丝后得到的防螨抗菌涤纶短纤维对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌具有较强的抗菌效果;上述两篇中国专利中涉及的保健纤维中虽然均含太极石原料,但其均是在纺丝液中加入太极石纳米粉体,这种通过在纺丝液中加入太极石纳米粉体的方式其太极石纳米粉体的可加入量特别有限,为了保证可纺性及纺丝均匀性,加入量一般不超过5wt%,其太极石的作用和功效难以很好发挥;中国专利(CN206204538A)公开了一种含有石墨烯及太极石材料的聚酯面料制备方法,经纱采用精梳棉纱、含石墨烯材料的涤纶纱和太极石涤纶的混合纱为原材料,纬纱采用棉、天丝、涤纶的混合纱为原材料,经纱排列为每循环一百零四条经纱,纬纱排列为每循环二十四条纬纱,面料通过多种纤维纱线搭配,该面料因含石墨烯和太极石材料,面料具有显著的远红外、抗菌抑菌、防静电、促进血液微循环、促进新陈代谢的功能,但该面料中使用的太极石涤纶并未涉及其生产工艺和方法。
发明内容
本发明正是为了解决现有的在纺丝液中加入太极石纳米粉体量有限,太极石纤维/丝线不能很好的发挥太极石的远红外、抗菌功效,而提出了一种通过后整理方式将太极石化学法结合于仿羽绒短纤维表面,使其纤维制品最大化发挥太极石作用和功效的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维及其制备方法和应用。本发明所提供的技术方案如下:
一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)太极石抗菌远红外增强改性
将一定量的太极石纳米粉体与分别占所述太极石纳米粉体2~4wt%的纳米ZnO和1~2wt%纳米TiO2的混合物分散于去离子水中,所述混合物与所述去离子水的比例为10g/100mL~20g/100mL,经超声波分散20~120min,之后加入占所述太极石纳米粉体质量分数1~3wt%的硝酸银,搅拌混合均匀后再加入占太极石纳米粉体质量分数1~6wt%的硼氢酸钠,持续搅拌反应8~12小时,待反应结束后采用沉淀剂离心提纯,离心提纯后将最终产物在真空干燥箱内室温烘干,得到抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体;
(2)抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备
先将经步骤(1)得到的抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体、环氧树脂、固化剂分散于有机溶剂中,其中,所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体与环氧树脂的质量比为1:1~5:2,所述有机溶剂与所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的比例为80~120mL/g,然后经超声波分散10~60min后将仿羽绒短纤维以浴比1:30~1:70加入到含有所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的溶液中,室温下处理15~30min后采用大量乙醇与丙酮混合溶剂冲洗,再后经80~120℃条件下固化处理2~10min,最后自然冷却,即得到抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维。
优选地,步骤(1)中,不加入硼氢酸钠,在加入占所述太极石纳米粉体质量分数1~3wt%的硝酸银,搅拌混合均匀后,将其溶液采用紫外光下照射15~20min。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述沉淀剂采用无水乙醇,添加量为反应后溶液体积的1/5~1/3。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂EPON828、环氧树脂ERL4221或环氧树脂6101(E-44)。
优选地,步骤(2)中,当所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂EPON 828时,所述固化剂为HMPA,当所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂ERL4221或环氧树脂6101(E-44)时所述固化剂为DEAPA。
优选地,步骤(2)中,所述有机溶剂为无水乙醇或无水丙酮,所述固化剂占所述环氧树脂的质量分数为0.8~1.2wt%。
优选地,步骤(1)中,所述太极石纳米粉体分散于去离子水中前进行充分干燥去除表面水分。
优选地,所述仿羽绒短纤维为中空涤纶短纤维。
另外,本发明还提供一种上述抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法所制备的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维。
另外,本发明还提供一种上述抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的用途,特征在于,应用于羽绒制品中。
本发明所获得的有益技术效果:
1.本发明打破常规的在纺丝液中添加太极石纳米粉体制备含太极石原料纤丝的方法,通过后整理方式将改性太极石采用化学法结合于仿羽绒短纤维表面,使其纤维制品能够持久地最大化发挥抗菌和远红外功效;
2.本发明首先通过纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2、硝酸银在还原剂硼氢酸钠或紫外光照条件下对太极石纳米粉体进行抗菌远红外增强改性,太极石主要成分SiO2,添加纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2可增强其远红外功能,而且纳米氧化锌与纳米二氧化钛也具有一定的抗菌功能,SiO2、ZnO、TiO2,表面羟基具有很强的极性,可吸附溶液中的Ag离子,在还原剂硼氢酸钠存在的条件下将硝酸银中的Ag离子还原成单质Ag或者在紫外条件下纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2同时具有催化活性,可使硝酸银得到电子,将Ag离子还原成单质Ag,这些单质银不断聚集成核增长,最终在太极石纳米粉体、纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2的表面形成纳米银颗粒,得到了抗菌远红外增强的改性太极石;然后改性太极石表面经环氧树脂处理后,具有一定流动粘性,与纤维接触后在固化剂的作用下太极石会牢固地粘附于仿羽绒短纤维表面,且进行多次水洗,其抗菌、远红外功效几乎不减弱;
3.本发明的后整理处理方法简单、性价比高,处理工艺条件温和,对纤维性能损伤小,本发明通过多次试验,对后整理工艺参数进行优化,赋予了仿羽绒短纤维制品持久、显著的抗菌、远红外的保健功效;其远红外发射率达到94%以上;对金黄葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌及白色念珠菌的抗菌性分别达到98.1%、95.2%及96.8%以上。
附图说明
图1a、1b分别为本发明代表实施例(实施例2)中抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维纤维截面、纵面形态的显微镜图;
图2为本发明代表实施例(实施例2)中抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维的抗菌测试对照结果图,其中
A为金黄色葡萄球空白样琼脂平皿图;B为金黄色葡萄球测试样琼脂平皿图;C为大肠杆菌球空白样琼脂平皿图;D为大肠杆菌测试样琼脂平皿图;E为白色念珠菌空白样琼脂平皿图;F为白色念珠菌测试样琼脂平皿图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围,其仅为本发明的优选地或较佳的实施方式;此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的技术内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围内。
实施例1
一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒聚酯短纤维的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)太极石抗菌远红外增强改性。将10g的市售太极石纳米粉体与0.2g的纳米ZnO和0.1g纳米TiO2一起分散于100mL去离子水中,经超声波分散20min,之后加入占所述太极石纳米粉体质量分数1wt%的硝酸银,搅拌混合均匀后再加入占太极石纳米粉体质量分数2wt%的硼氢酸钠,持续搅拌反应8小时,太极石主要成分SiO2,添加纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2可增强其远红外功能,而且纳米氧化锌与纳米二氧化钛也具有一定的抗菌功能,SiO2、ZnO、TiO2,表面羟基具有很强的极性,可吸附溶液中的Ag离子,在还原剂硼氢酸钠存在的条件下将硝酸银中的Ag离子还原成单质Ag,这些单质银不断聚集成核增长,最终在太极石纳米粉体、纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2的表面形成纳米银颗粒,待反应结束后采用占反应后溶液体积1/5的无水乙醇离心提纯,离心提纯后将最终产物在真空干燥箱内室温烘干,得到抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体;
(2)抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒聚酯短纤维的制备。先将经步骤(1)得到的抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体、环氧树脂EPON828、固化剂HMPA一起分散于无水乙醇中,使抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体与环氧树脂EPON828的质量比为1:1,固化剂HMPA占环氧树脂EPON828的质量分数为0.8wt%,无水乙醇与抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的比例为80mL/g,然后经超声波分散10min后将仿羽绒聚酯短纤维以浴比1:30加入到含有所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的溶液中,室温下处理15min,改性太极石表面经环氧树脂处理后,具有一定流动粘性,与仿羽绒聚酯短纤维接触后在固化剂的作用下太极石会牢固地粘附于纤维表面,待反应结束后采用大量乙醇与丙酮混合溶剂冲洗,再后经80℃条件下固化处理2min,最后自然冷却,即得到抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒聚酯短纤维。
实施例2
一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)太极石抗菌远红外增强改性。将15g的市售太极石纳米粉体经充分干燥去除表面水分,与0.4g的纳米ZnO和0.2g纳米TiO2一起分散于100mL去离子水中,经超声波分散60min,之后加入占所述太极石纳米粉体质量分数2wt%的硝酸银,搅拌混合均匀后再加入占太极石纳米粉体质量分数4wt%的硼氢酸钠,持续搅拌反应10小时,太极石主要成分SiO2,添加纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2可增强其远红外功能,而且纳米氧化锌与纳米二氧化钛也具有一定的抗菌功能,SiO2、ZnO、TiO2,表面羟基具有很强的极性,可吸附溶液中的Ag离子,在还原剂硼氢酸钠存在的条件下将硝酸银中的Ag离子还原成单质Ag,这些单质银不断聚集成核增长,最终在太极石纳米粉体、纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2的表面形成纳米银颗粒,待反应结束后采用占反应后溶液体积1/4的无水乙醇离心提纯,离心提纯后将最终产物在真空干燥箱内室温烘干,得到抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体;
(2)抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维的制备。先将经步骤(1)得到的抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体、环氧树脂ERL4221、固化剂DEAPA一起分散于无水丙酮中,使抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体与环氧树脂ERL4221的质量比为1:2,固化剂DEAPA占环氧树脂ERL4221的质量分数为1wt%,无水丙酮与抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的比例为100mL/g,然后经超声波分散35min后将仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维以浴比1:50加入到含有所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的溶液中,室温下处理25min,改性太极石表面经环氧树脂处理后,具有一定流动粘性,与仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维接触后在固化剂的作用下太极石会牢固地粘附于纤维表面,待反应结束后采用大量乙醇与丙酮混合溶剂冲洗,再后经100℃条件下固化处理6min,最后自然冷却,即得到抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维。本实施例作为代表实施例,本申请的发明人以该实施例样品作为观察对象,对其制备的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶纤维进行了扫描电镜观察,其中空涤纶纤维表面清晰的分布有较密实的抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体微粒,其电镜图如图1a、1b所示。
实施例3
一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维的制备方法,其包括以下步骤:
(1)太极石抗菌远红外增强改性。将20g的市售太极石纳米粉体经充分干燥去除表面水分,与0.8g的纳米ZnO和0.4g纳米TiO2一起分散于100mL去离子水中,经超声波分散120min,之后加入占所述太极石纳米粉体质量分数3wt%的硝酸银,搅拌混合均匀后,将其溶液采用紫外光下照射18min,太极石主要成分SiO2,添加纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2可增强其远红外功能,而且纳米氧化锌与纳米二氧化钛也具有一定的抗菌功能,SiO2、ZnO、TiO2,表面羟基具有很强的极性,可吸附溶液中的Ag离子,在紫外条件下纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2同时具有催化活性,可使硝酸银得到电子将Ag离子还原成单质Ag,这些单质银不断聚集成核增长,最终在太极石纳米粉体、纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2的表面形成纳米银颗粒,待反应结束后采用占反应后溶液体积1/3的无水乙醇离心提纯,离心提纯后将最终产物在真空干燥箱内室温烘干,得到抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体;
(2)抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维的制备。先将经步骤(1)得到的抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体、环氧树脂6101(E-44)、固化剂DEAPA一起分散于无水丙酮中,使抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体与环氧树脂6101(E-44)的质量比为5:2,固化剂DEAPA占环氧树脂6101(E-44)的质量分数为1.2wt%,无水丙酮与抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的比例为120mL/g,然后经超声波分散60min后将仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维以浴比1:70加入到含有所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的溶液中,室温下处理30min,改性太极石表面经环氧树脂处理后,具有一定流动粘性,与仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维接触后在固化剂的作用下太极石会牢固地粘附于纤维表面,待反应结束后采用大量乙醇与丙酮混合溶剂冲洗,再后经120℃条件下固化处理10min,最后自然冷却,即得到抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维。
采用本发明上述实施例1-3所制备的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒纤维具有很好的抗菌性和远红外特性,同时采用本发明实施例2-3方法所制备的仿羽绒中空涤纶短纤维具有中空纤维的保暖特性,其特别适宜应用于羽绒制品中。
实施例1-3后整理后的仿羽绒纤维的性能测试
1.按照《GB/T30127-2013纺织品远红外性能的检测和评价》对本发明实施例1-3所制备的仿羽绒纤维进行远红外性能测试,其测试结果如表1所示。
表1实施例1-3抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒纤维远红外性能测试结果
测试试样来源 | 远红外发射率 | 远红外波长范围 | 远红外辐射温升值 |
实施例1 | 95% | 10~15μm | 1.7℃ |
实施例2 | 96% | 10~15μm | 1.7℃ |
实施例3 | 96% | 10~15μm | 1.7℃ |
根据其测试结果,本发明生产方法所生产的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒纤维其远红外发射率达到了95%以上,远红外辐射温升值1.7℃,超过了纺织材料对远红外性能测试的远红外发射率≥88%,远红外辐射温升值≥1.4℃的技术要求,且其远红外波长范围接近人体波长,所发出的远红外被人体吸收后,能够促进人体血液循环,和新陈代谢,提高人体免疫力,有益于健康。
2.按照GB/T20944.3-2008《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第3部分:振荡法》,对本发明实施例1-3所制备的仿羽绒纤维进行金黄葡萄球菌(AATCC6538)、大肠杆菌(AATCC8739)及白色念珠菌(AATCC10231)的抗菌效果测试,其测试结果如表2所示。
表2实施例1-3抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒纤维抗菌性能测试结果
采用本发明的方法,通过纳米ZnO和纳米TiO2、硝酸银在还原剂硼氢酸钠或紫外光照条件下进行抗菌远红外增强改性,使得增强改性后的太极石纳米粉体具有更佳的抗菌、远红外功效,改性太极石表面经环氧树脂处理后,具有一定流动粘性,与纤维接触后在固化剂的作用下太极石会牢固地粘附于仿羽绒短纤维表面,对本发明实施例1-3所后整理后的仿羽绒短纤维进行多次浸泡、洗涤,测试浸泡水洗30次后的测试样品的抗菌性、远红外性能几乎不减弱。
以上为本发明技术方案的实施例及试验所测试结果,对于本领域的技术人员而言,在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下对这些实施例进行变化、修改、替换、整合和工艺参数变更均落入本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)太极石抗菌远红外增强改性
将一定量的太极石纳米粉体与分别占所述太极石纳米粉体2~4wt%的纳米ZnO和1~2wt%纳米TiO2的混合物分散于去离子水中,所述混合物与所述去离子水的比例为10~20g/100 mL, 经超声波分散20~120min,之后加入占所述太极石纳米粉体质量分数1~3wt%的硝酸银,搅拌混合均匀后再加入占太极石纳米粉体质量分数1~6wt%的硼氢酸钠,持续搅拌反应8~12小时,待反应结束后采用沉淀剂离心提纯,离心提纯后将最终产物在真空干燥箱内室温烘干,得到抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体;
(2)抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备
先将经步骤(1)得到的抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体、环氧树脂、固化剂分散于有机溶剂中,然后经超声波分散10~60min后将仿羽绒短纤维以浴比1:30~1:70加入到含有所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的溶液中,室温下处理15~30min后采用大量乙醇与丙酮混合溶剂冲洗,再后经80~120℃条件下固化处理2~10min,最后自然冷却,即得到抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维,其中,所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体与环氧树脂的质量比为1:1~5:2,所述有机溶剂与所述抗菌远红外增强改性太极石纳米粉体的比例为80~120 mL/g;
所述仿羽绒短纤维为聚酯短纤维,通过GB/T30127-2013标准检测,其远红外发射率达95%以上,通过GB/T20944.3-2008标准检测其抗菌率达95.2%以上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,不加入硼氢酸钠,在加入占所述太极石纳米粉体质量分数1~3wt%的硝酸银,搅拌混合均匀后,将其溶液采用紫外光下照射15~20min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述沉淀剂采用无水乙醇,添加量为反应后溶液体积的1/5~1/3。
4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂EPON828 、环氧树脂ERL4221或环氧树脂6101。
5. 根据权利要求4所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,当所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂EPON 828时,所述固化剂为HMPA,当所述环氧树脂为环氧树脂ERL4221或环氧树脂6101时所述固化剂为DEAPA。
6.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述有机溶剂为无水乙醇或无水丙酮,所述固化剂占所述环氧树脂的质量分数为0.8~1.2wt%。
7.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述太极石纳米粉体分散于去离子水中前进行充分干燥去除表面水分。
8.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法,其特征在于,所述仿羽绒短纤维为中空涤纶短纤维。
9.一种根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的制备方法所制备的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维。
10.一种根据权利要求9所述的抗菌远红外保健仿羽绒短纤维的用途,特征在于,应用于羽绒制品中。
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