CN109369294A - Can rehabilitating soil organic compost and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Can rehabilitating soil organic compost and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109369294A CN109369294A CN201811446245.1A CN201811446245A CN109369294A CN 109369294 A CN109369294 A CN 109369294A CN 201811446245 A CN201811446245 A CN 201811446245A CN 109369294 A CN109369294 A CN 109369294A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses it is a kind of can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, comprising: organic base-material 95-102 parts, 8-13 parts of microbial inoculum and material 3-5 parts bulk；Wherein, organic materials contains the following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of diseases on plant stalk, 10-18 parts of plant defoliation, 5-10 parts of seed hull, 10-15 parts of animal wastes and 5-10 parts of animal corpse；Microbial inoculum includes the microbial inoculum of following parts by weight: 2-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, 0.5-1.5 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 1-3 parts of saccharomycete, native 0.5-1 parts and 1-3 parts of bacillus laterosporus of mould；Bulk material contains the following parts by weight: 3-5 parts and 2-4 parts of bloom frass of dried poultrymanure.The present invention also provides the preparation method of organic compost, the addition of bulk material is conducive to the microelement for improving organic base-material porosity and Institute of Micro-biology needs, and handles reinforcing edge strain by hot and cold alternation, is conducive to improve detritus degree and retains nutritional ingredient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer preparation, it is more particularly related to it is a kind of can rehabilitating soil have
Machine compost and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
China's cultivated area is wide, is distributed in different geographic regions, but the soil in some areas is barren, is unfavorable for ploughing
Kind, along with pesticide, chemical fertilizer that plantation crops use excessively cause soil texture to damage, nutriment missing etc..Closely
A little year people are planted using biological organic fertilizer, to prevent soil texture from continuing to destroy and be conducive to the soil to destroyed
Extra-nutrition substance is to be repaired.And in actual life, the sundries such as animal wastes, plant waste, which are all no lack of, to be seen, if
These sundries are handled not in time, may be will have a direct impact on people's lives environment or even be polluted environment.
Biological organic fertilizer is prepared using animals and plants waste, water and microorganism fungus kind mixed fermentation, is not only discarded
Object is able to processing and avoids bringing environmental pollution, also brings the bio-feritlizer of environmental protection to plough.Compost is production biological organic fertilizer
One of important channel, and disposably add multiple-microorganism strain in composting process at present and sent out with the waste mixing composting of crushing
Ferment, interior porosity is small, and heating needs the time long growth for being also unfavorable for stimulating different temperature rise period dominant bacterias naturally,
It in turn results in that compost detritus degree is low, and nutrient composition content is low to influence microorganism fungus kind degradation composting material, applies soil
It is unfavorable for causing the loss of nutritional ingredient by soil absorption utilization and crop growth after earth.
In addition, bloom frass is a kind of organic fertilizer that dry fine sand is the same, rich in N P and K and zinc, boron, manganese, magnesium and
Cu microelements are compared with other animal wastes, are a kind of very high small crumb structure of natural porosity, and surface is coated with
The mocromembrane that yellow meal worm digestive secretion liquid is formed, is conducive to water conservation and organic fertilizer full of nutrition, and odorless, but heap
Fertile process can undergo continuous heating, and moisture inevitably volatilizees, once and lack of moisture be unfavorable for microorganism to the drop of composting material
Solution, in addition, the dominant microflora of different phase occupies, needs suitable growth conditions, and animals and plants waste typically contains greatly
Carbon nitrogen is measured, micronutrient levels is lower, and the present invention is using the water conservation of bloom frass and the advantage rich in microelement, sufficiently
It uses in composting fermentation process.
Currently, how by some waste fully degradeds in composting process, detritus degree in composting process is improved also
It is able to maintain nutritional ingredient not being lost to contribute to the structure and raising crop yield that improve soil, is still to need constantly
It improves and improves.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above problems, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide it is a kind of can rehabilitating soil organic compost, make full use of animals and plants discarded
Object, and bulk material is added and improves compost porosity and increases micronutrient levels, conducive to microorganism is improved to organic materials
Degradation.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide it is a kind of for can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, aerobic
By the processing mode of hot and cold alternation during fermentation, reinforcing edge strain is conducive to the existence and breeding of dominant bacteria, promotes
Organic materials degradation.
In order to realize these purposes and other advantages according to the present invention, provide it is a kind of can rehabilitating soil stacked organic
Fertilizer, the raw material including following parts by weight:
Organic base-material 95-102 parts, 8-13 parts of microbial inoculum and material 3-5 parts bulk；
Wherein, the organic materials contains the following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of diseases on plant stalk, plant defoliation 10-18
Part, 5-10 parts of seed hull, 10-15 parts of animal wastes and 5-10 parts of animal corpse；
The microbial inoculum includes the microbial inoculum of following parts by weight: 2-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, heat-resistant bacillus 2-5
Part, 0.5-1.5 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 1-3 parts of saccharomycete, native 0.5-1 parts and 1-3 parts of bacillus laterosporus of mould；
The bulk material contains the following parts by weight: 3-5 parts and 2-4 parts of bloom frass of dried poultrymanure.
Preferably, the raw material comprising following parts by weight:
100 parts of organic base-material, 12 parts of microbial inoculum, 4.3 parts of bulk material；
Wherein, the organic materials contains the following parts by weight: 25 parts of diseases on plant stalk, 13 parts of plant defoliation, seed
8 parts of shell, 12 parts of animal wastes and 7 parts of animal corpse；
The microbial inoculum includes the microbial inoculum of following parts by weight: 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, bacterium
1 part of mycorrhiza fungi, 1 part of saccharomycete, native 0.5 part and 2 parts of bacillus laterosporus of mould；
The bulk material contains the following parts by weight: 4 parts and 3 parts of bloom frass of dried poultrymanure.
It preferably, further include passivator comprising the component of following parts by weight: 5-10 parts of straw charcoal, shell carbon 5-10
Part and 10-15 parts of bone black；
Wherein, straw charcoal includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of millet stalk, 5-10 parts of wheat stalk, big beanstalk
5-10 parts of stalk and 3-8 parts of sesame stalk；
The shell carbon includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3-8 parts of millet shell, 5-8 parts of wheat shell, 8-13 parts of soybean peel with
And 3-5 parts of oriental sesame pericarp.
The bone black includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of pig bone, 8-12 parts of sheep bone, 10-15 parts of Os Bovis seu Bubali
And 3-7 parts of Fishbone.
The present invention also provides described in one kind can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: the processing of organic base-material: taking Organic Ingredients to crush and dries to water content 5% hereinafter, by Organic Ingredients
Component is weighed and is mixed；
Step 2: the preparation of microbial inoculum: weigh microbial inoculum contained in microbial inoculum mixing, then with 10-15 times of volume
Glucose water or brown sugar water be uniformly mixed, be sealed by fermentation 3-5 days, obtain the microbial inoculum；
Step 3: the preparation of bulk material: weighing the dried poultrymanure and bloom frass by the component of bulk material, and will do
Chicken manure pulverizes and sieves and is uniformly mixed after 60-100 mesh with bloom frass, obtains the bulk material；
Step 4: the preparation of passivator: raw material is weighed by the component of straw charcoal, shell carbon and bone black, respectively in high temperature furnace
In be carbonized, pulverize and sieve after carbonization, the straw charcoal, shell carbon and bone black needed for weighing by the component of passivator mix equal
It is even, obtain the passivator；
Step 5: aerobic fermentation prepares organic compost, specifically includes following step:
A: the processing of compost fermentation material: by one of organic base-material, step 2 gained microbial inoculum total amount obtained by step 1
Partly and the half of bulk material total amount obtained by step 3 is uniformly mixed, and obtains fermented material；
B: the preparation of composting device: compost establishes a height of 5-8m*1-2m*1-1.5m''s of * wide * one long in compost place
The wooden frame of strip upper and lower opening, in the setting ventilation pipe of wooden frame inner cross shape, the ventilation pipe includes laterally the
One pipeline and longitudinal second pipe, the first pipe both ends are fixedly connected with the wooden frame two sides inner wall, second pipe
Road first end is fixed on the wooden frame bottom end, and second end stretches out the wooden upper frame edge edge, the first pipe and second
Pipeline includes refrigerator pipe and heating pipe, and the refrigerator pipe and heating pipe distinguish external cold air and hot gas；
C: by first pipe described in the uniform composting of fermented material obtained by a and the wooden frame except second pipe, to described
It is passed through hot gas in heating pipe and is kept for 40-50 DEG C 1-3 days, then stops for hot gas, leads to 2-5 DEG C of cold air into refrigerator pipe immediately and keeps
1-2h stops for cold air, then is passed through 30-40 DEG C of hot gas immediately and keeps 20-30min, is repeating to be passed through cold air and 30-40 DEG C of hot gas
Process 1-2 times after, microbial inoculum remaining in a and bulk material are added, and turns uniformly, then be passed through hot gas and keep
45-50 DEG C after 2-4 days, increases the temperature for being passed through hot gas and keeps 60-65 DEG C of 10-12 days progress high-temperature maturing, protect during curing
It holds and turns within 1-2 days 1 time, maturing process terminates to remove the wooden frame natural cooling, obtains the organic fertilizer of curing；
D: the organic fertilizer cured obtained by c is added into step 4 gained passivator by 0.5-1.5%, is uniformly mixed and inputs and make
Grain mechanism is made graininess, is packed into pouch seal, obtains organic compost.
Preferably, the component of the microorganism formulation is weighed in step 2 and is mixed with the brown sugar water of 10-15 times of volume
It is even；
Wherein, the brown sugar water brown sugar of 3-5:10 in mass ratio: water mixing is stirred evenly and is prepared.
Preferably, the condition of the step 4 high temperature furnace are as follows: 380-450 DEG C, closed processes 1-2h under oxygen free condition；
The 60-100 mesh in addition, passivator is sieved.
Preferably, the particle of the organic compost is any one in spherical or prismatic.
Preferably, the second pipe second end is higher by the wooden upper frame edge edge 5-10cm, and the second pipe
Second end button sets the lid of adaptation.
Preferably, it is uniformly arranged several air holes respectively on the first pipe, second pipe and wooden frame, and described
Removably enclose the plastic foil for setting adaptation in wooden outer frame side.
The present invention is include at least the following beneficial effects:
The present invention by with preferable water holding capacity and rich in various trace elements bloom frass and dried poultrymanure mix system
It is standby at bulk material, the various trace elements that can be needed for microorganism growth, moreover it is possible to improve adhesiveness by dried poultrymanure, with
After organic base-material and microbial inoculum is added, the degree of packing between organic base-material is reduced while capable of being bonded to each other, so that hole
Degree, which improves, increases oxygen content, to provide more superior condition for microorganism growth and breeding.
The present invention also provides can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, by by animals and plants waste and micro- life
Object bacterium solution mixed fermentation, and the bulk material being mixed by dried poultrymanure and bloom frass is added, it is useless that microbial degradation can be improved
Porosity during gurry increases the oxygen content in organic base-material, provides more suitable item for the fermentation of microorganism fungus kind
Part, and the bloom frass in bulk material also has preferable water holding capacity and rich in various trace elements, is conducive to keep
The holding of appropriate aqueous amount needed for fermentation process, while can also be grown for microorganism and required microelement is provided, so that micro-
Biological preferably breeding, organic base-material so that the dominant bacteria in each stage can degrade to the greatest extent improve detritus journey
Degree retains the nutritional ingredient in organic materials, can adjust nutrient in soil texture after organic compost is manured into soil
Content and balance microorganism fungus kind, to promote the growth of crops.In addition, being handled in fermentation process using high and low temperature alternative
Mode, caloric stimulation strengthens initial stage dominant bacteria, so that dominant bacteria adaptability is stronger, and preferably grows and breeds,
With the starch and carbohydrate in organic base-material of preferably degrading in the early stage, is conducive to the detritus degree of organic compost and remains
More nutritional ingredients.
Further advantage, target and feature of the invention will be partially reflected by the following instructions, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of composting device of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein are not precluded one or more
The presence or addition of a other elements or combinations thereof.
The present invention provide it is a kind of can rehabilitating soil organic compost, the raw material including following parts by weight:
Organic base-material 95-102 parts, it is 8-13 parts of microbial inoculum, material 3-5 parts bulk；
Wherein, the organic materials contains the following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of diseases on plant stalk, plant defoliation 10-18
Part, 5-10 parts of seed hull, 10-15 parts of animal wastes and animal corpse 5-10；
The microbial inoculum includes the microbial inoculum of following parts by weight: 2-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, heat-resistant bacillus 2-5
Part, 0.5-1.5 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 1-3 parts of saccharomycete, native 0.5-1 parts of mould, 1-3 parts of bacillus laterosporus；
The bulk material contains the following parts by weight: 3-5 parts and 2-4 parts of bloom frass of dried poultrymanure.
In one preferred embodiment, the raw material comprising following parts by weight:
100 parts of organic base-material, 12 parts of microbial inoculum, 4.3 parts of bulk material；
Wherein, the organic materials contains the following parts by weight: 25 parts of diseases on plant stalk, 13 parts of plant defoliation, seed
8 parts of shell, 12 parts of animal wastes and 7 parts of animal corpse；
The microbial inoculum includes the microbial inoculum of following parts by weight: 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, bacterium
1 part of mycorrhiza fungi, 1 part of saccharomycete, native 0.5 part of mould, 2 parts of bacillus laterosporus；
The bulk material contains the following parts by weight: 4 parts and 3 parts of bloom frass of dried poultrymanure.
In the above scheme, it makes full use of animals and plants waste to carry out configuration by certain proportion to constitute carbon-nitrogen ratio and exist
Organic materials between 25-30, and include that microbial inoculum is made by fermentation in the microbial inoculum of various bacteria and fungi, it is conducive to micro- life
The activation of object strain simultaneously keeps moisture content 32-35% after mixing during real attenuation with unclassified stores, and moisture content reaches
It does not need then to add suitable water, to guarantee the condition of microbial growth, due to different in organic compost fermentation process
Stage, which is formed, needs to form dominant microflora progress material decomposition, and a variety of strains are conducive to the formation of dominant bacteria and to organic group
Organic matter can be improved in material adequately degradation, the bulk material being in addition prepared into using the mixture of dried poultrymanure and bloom frass
The porosity of material increases oxygen content, is conducive to microorganism aerobic fermentation, and also have water retention property, the raising for reducing temperature is big
Scattering and disappearing for moisture is measured, growth and breeding in a suitable environment are remained at conducive to microorganism, to improve microbial degradation
The ability of organic materials enhances detritus degree, and then keeps the quality of compost higher, after organic compost of the invention is manured into soil
Soil with organic matter and nitrate nitrogen content are improved, soil porosity is reduced, enhances permeability, so that the soil knot to wreck
Structure is obtained improving and be repaired.
It further include passivator in one preferred embodiment comprising the component of following parts by weight: 5-10 parts of straw charcoal, shell
5-10 parts of carbon and 10-15 parts of bone black；
Wherein, straw charcoal includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of millet stalk, 5-10 parts of wheat stalk, big beanstalk
5-10 parts of stalk and 3-8 parts of sesame stalk；
The shell carbon includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3-8 parts of millet shell, 5-8 parts of wheat shell, 8-13 parts of soybean peel with
And 3-5 parts of oriental sesame pericarp.
The bone black includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of pig bone, 8-12 parts of sheep bone, 10-15 parts of Os Bovis seu Bubali
And 3-7 parts of Fishbone.
In the above scheme, agricultural crop straw, seed shell and animal bone not can be carried out effective benefit in life
With agricultural crop straw and seed shell are more in many cases, and direct straw-returning is few then to be burned, and animal bone majority is straight
Connect discarding, such processing mode is not environmentally also unfavorable for turning waste into wealth, make full use of resource, and straw charcoal, shell carbon and
Bone black is conducive to improve the porosity of compost fermentation material and the activity of reduction soil such as cadmium, lead etc., and crop is effectively reduced
To the absorption and accumulation of heavy metal, while increasing absorption of the crop to mineral nutrient, improves crop nutritional quality and yield.
The present invention also provides described in one kind can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein including following step
It is rapid:
Step 1: the processing of organic base-material: taking Organic Ingredients to crush and dries to water content 5% hereinafter, by Organic Ingredients
Component is weighed and is mixed；
Step 2: the preparation of microbial inoculum: weigh microbial inoculum contained in microbial inoculum mixing, then with 10-15 times of volume
Glucose water or brown sugar water be uniformly mixed, be sealed by fermentation 3-5 days, obtain the microbial inoculum；
Step 3: the preparation of bulk material: weighing the dried poultrymanure and bloom frass by the component of bulk material, and will do
Chicken manure pulverizes and sieves and is uniformly mixed after 60-100 mesh with bloom frass, obtains the bulk material；
Step 4: the preparation of passivator: raw material is weighed by the component of straw charcoal, shell carbon and bone black, respectively in high temperature furnace
In be carbonized, pulverize and sieve after carbonization, the straw charcoal, shell carbon and bone black needed for weighing by the component of passivator mix equal
It is even, obtain the passivator；
Step 5: aerobic fermentation prepares organic compost, specifically includes following step:
A: the processing of fermented material: by the half of organic base-material, step 2 gained microbial inoculum total amount obtained by step 1 and
The half of bulk material total amount obtained by step 3 is uniformly mixed, and obtains fermented material；
B: the preparation of composting device: compost establishes a height of 5-8m*1-2m*1-1.5m''s of * wide * one long in compost place
The wooden frame 100 of strip upper and lower opening, in the setting ventilation pipe of wooden 100 inner cross shape of frame, the ventilation pipe includes
Lateral first pipe and longitudinal second pipe, the first pipe both ends are fixedly connected with the wooden 100 two sides inner wall of frame, institute
It states second pipe first end and is fixed on 100 bottom end of wooden frame, and second end stretches out wooden 100 top edge of frame, it is described
First pipe and second pipe include refrigerator pipe 101 and heating pipe 102, and the refrigerator pipe 101 and heating pipe 102 are distinguished external
Cold air and hot gas；
C: by first pipe described in the uniform composting of fermented material obtained by a and the wooden frame 100 except second pipe, to institute
It states and is passed through hot gas in heating pipe 102 and is kept for 45-50 DEG C 2-4 days, then stop for hot gas, lead to 2-5 DEG C into refrigerator pipe 101 immediately
Cold air keeps 1-2h, stops for cold air, then is passed through 30-40 DEG C of hot gas immediately and keeps 20-30min, is repeating to be passed through cold air and 30-
After process 1-2 times of 40 DEG C of hot gas, microbial inoculum remaining in a and bulk material are added, and turned uniformly, then be passed through heat
Gas is simultaneously kept for 45-50 DEG C after 2-4 days, increase the temperature for being passed through hot gas and keeps 60-65 DEG C of 10-15 days progress high-temperature maturing, ripe
It keeps turning within 1-2 days 1 time during change, maturing process terminates to remove 100 natural cooling of wooden frame, obtains the organic of curing
Fertilizer；
D: the organic fertilizer cured obtained by c is added into step 4 gained passivator by 0.5-1.5%, is uniformly mixed and inputs and make
Grain mechanism is made graininess, is packed into pouch seal, obtains organic compost.
In one preferred embodiment, the component of the microorganism formulation and the brown sugar water with 10-15 times of volume are weighed in step 2
It is uniformly mixed；
Wherein, the brown sugar water brown sugar of 3-5:10 in mass ratio: water mixing is stirred evenly and is prepared.
In one preferred embodiment, the condition of the step 4 high temperature furnace are as follows: 380-450 DEG C, closed processes under oxygen free condition
1-2h；
The 60-100 mesh in addition, passivator is sieved.
In the above scheme, by stalk and shell respectively in 380 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.2h under oxygen free condition,
Cooling crush and 80 mesh that are sieved；Bone is in 400 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.5h under oxygen free condition, and cooling crush is simultaneously sieved
80 mesh.
In one preferred embodiment, the particle of the organic compost is any one in spherical or prismatic.
In the above scheme, organic compost is prepared into differently shaped particle, is conducive to storage and directly applies.
In one preferred embodiment, the second pipe second end is higher by the 100 top edge 5-10cm of wooden frame, and described
Second pipe second end button sets the lid 104 of adaptation.
In the above scheme, second pipe second end is higher by wooden 100 top edge 5-10cm of frame, and button sets lid 104, is
For heat can be discharged outward by second pipe when the temperature is excessively high, prevent constant temperature excessively high the pyrolytic stage not
Conducive to thermophilic microorganism degradation of organic substances material.
In one preferred embodiment, it is uniformly arranged respectively on the first pipe, second pipe and wooden frame 100 several ventilative
Hole 103, and the plastic foil for setting adaptation is removably enclosed in 100 outside of the wooden frame.
In the above scheme, the air hole 103 in first pipe and second pipe is in fermentation process, to wooden frame
Organic compost raw material ventilation in 100, is maintained at preference temperature, in addition second pipe is higher by the part of wooden 100 top edge of frame
It is not provided with air hole 103, prevents from being passed through the temperature holding that hot gas is detrimental to inside organic compost raw material, 100 periphery of wooden frame
The plastic foil of dismountable setting adaptation is the temperature kept before maturation stage with plastic foil covering in wooden frame 100, if
Constant temperature is excessively high can temporarily to be removed plastic foil and cools down, to keep the preference temperature of microbial degradation organic materials, to ripe
Plastic foil is removed after the change stage and removes wooden frame 100 is conducive to cooling.
Embodiment 1
Step 1: the processing of organic base-material: taking crushing and drying to 20 parts of the diseases on plant stalk below of water content 5%, plant falls
10 parts of leaf, 5 parts of seed hull, 10 parts of animal wastes and 5 parts of animal corpse are uniformly mixed, and obtain the organic materials；
Step 2: the preparation of microbial inoculum: weighing 2 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, mycorrhizal fungi
0.5 part, 1 part of saccharomycete, 0.5 part and 1 part of the bacillus laterosporus mixing of native mould, then the brown sugar water (quality with 12 times of volumes
Than for 1:2 brown sugar and water mixing) be uniformly mixed, at 30 DEG C, be sealed by fermentation 4 days, obtain the microbial inoculum；
Step 3: the preparation of bulk material: weighing 3 parts of dried poultrymanure and 2 parts of bloom frass, and dried poultrymanure is pulverized and sieved 80
It is uniformly mixed after mesh with bloom frass, obtains the bulk material；
Step 4: the preparation of passivator: 5 parts of straw charcoal, 5 parts of shell carbon and 10 parts of bone black；
Wherein, straw charcoal includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of millet stalk, 5 parts of wheat stalk, 5 parts of soybean stalk
And 3 parts of sesame stalk, after raw material is mixed in 380 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.2h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush is simultaneously
Be sieved 80 mesh, obtains the straw charcoal；
The shell carbon includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3 parts of millet shell, 5 parts of wheat shell, 8 parts of soybean peel and sesame
3 parts of shell, after raw material is mixed in 380 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.2h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush and be sieved 80 mesh,
Obtain the shell carbon；
The bone black includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10 parts of pig bone, 8 parts of sheep bone, 10 parts of Os Bovis seu Bubali and fish-bone
First 3 parts, by raw material mix and in 400 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.5h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush and be sieved 80 mesh,
Obtain the bone black.
Step 5: aerobic fermentation prepares organic compost, specifically includes following step:
A: the processing of fermented material: by organic base-material 100,6 parts of step 2 gained microbial inoculum and step 3 obtained by step 1
Gained is bulk 2.15 parts of material be uniformly mixed, obtain fermented materials；
B: the preparation of composting device: compost establishes a height of 5-8m*1-2m*1-1.5m''s of * wide * one long in compost place
The wooden frame of strip upper and lower opening, in the setting ventilation pipe of wooden frame inner cross shape, the ventilation pipe includes laterally the
One pipeline and longitudinal second pipe, the first pipe both ends are fixedly connected with the wooden frame two sides inner wall, second pipe
Road first end is fixed on the wooden frame bottom end, and second end stretches out the wooden upper frame edge edge, the first pipe and second
Pipeline includes refrigerator pipe and heating pipe, and the refrigerator pipe and heating pipe distinguish external cold air and hot gas；
C: by first pipe described in the uniform composting of fermented material obtained by a and the wooden frame except second pipe, to described
It is passed through hot gas in heating pipe and is kept for 40 DEG C 2 days, then stops for hot gas, leads to 2 DEG C of cold air into refrigerator pipe immediately and keeps 1h, stop
For cold air, then it is passed through 30 DEG C of hot gas immediately and keeps 20min, it, will be in a after repetition is passed through process 1 time of cold air and 30 DEG C of hot gas
Remaining microbial inoculum and bulk material are added, and turn uniformly, then are passed through hot gas and are kept for 45 DEG C after 2 days, and raising is passed through
The temperature of hot gas simultaneously keeps 60 DEG C of 10 days progress high-temperature maturings, keeps turning 1 time for 1 day during curing, maturing process terminates to remove
The wooden frame natural cooling, obtains the organic fertilizer of curing；
D: it by the organic fertilizer cured obtained by c by 1.5% addition step 4 gained passivator, is uniformly mixed and inputs pelletizer
It is fabricated to graininess, is packed into pouch seal, obtains organic compost.
According to organic fertilizer agricultural industry criteria --- the requirement of " organic fertilizer " NY525-2012 measures in organic compost
Nutrient.
The organic compost that above-described embodiment aerobic fermentation is prepared, content of organic matter 65.06.1%, total nitrogen content are
2.63%, full phosphorus 1.99%, full potassium 2.13%, moisture (free water) content 28.9%；Microelement: boron content 21.89mg/
Kg, Zn content 109.18mg/kg, molybdenum content 3.57mg/kg, copper content 36.78mg/kg meet agricultural industry criteria, retain
Nutritional ingredient in compost hair teaching material material, and be conducive to adjust the arable land that soil texture wrecks rich in microelement, with
Rehabilitating soil structure promotes plant growth.
Embodiment 2
Step 1: the processing of organic base-material: taking crushing and drying to 30 parts of the diseases on plant stalk below of water content 5%, plant falls
18 parts of leaf, 10 parts of seed hull, 15 parts of animal wastes and animal corpse 10 are uniformly mixed, and obtain the organic materials；
Step 2: the preparation of microbial inoculum: weighing 5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 5 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, mycorrhizal fungi
1.5 parts, 3 parts of saccharomycete, native 1 part of mould, 3 parts of bacillus laterosporus mixing, then with the brown sugar waters of 12 times of volumes (mass ratio 1:
2 brown sugar and water mixing) it is uniformly mixed, at 30 DEG C, it is sealed by fermentation 4 days, obtains the microbial inoculum；
Step 3: the preparation of bulk material: weighing 5 parts of dried poultrymanure and 4 parts of bloom frass, and dried poultrymanure is pulverized and sieved 80
It is uniformly mixed after mesh with bloom frass, obtains the bulk material；
Step 4: the preparation of passivator: 10 parts of straw charcoal, 10 parts of shell carbon and 15 parts of bone black；
Wherein, straw charcoal includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 15 parts of millet stalk, 10 parts of wheat stalk, soybean stalk 10
Part and 8 parts of sesame stalk, after raw material is mixed in 380 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.2h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush
And 80 mesh that are sieved, obtain the straw charcoal；
The shell carbon includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 8 parts of millet shell, 8 parts of wheat shell, 13 parts of soybean peel and sesame
5 parts of shell, after raw material is mixed in 380 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.2h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush and be sieved 80 mesh,
Obtain the shell carbon；
The bone black includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 15 parts of pig bone, 12 parts of sheep bone, 15 parts of Os Bovis seu Bubali and fish-bone
First 7 parts, by raw material mix and in 400 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.5h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush and be sieved 80 mesh,
Obtain the bone black.
Step 5: aerobic fermentation prepares organic compost, specifically includes following step:
A: the processing of fermented material: by organic base-material 100,6 parts of step 2 gained microbial inoculum and step 3 obtained by step 1
Gained is bulk 2.15 parts of material be uniformly mixed, obtain fermented materials；
B: the preparation of composting device: compost establishes a height of 5-8m*1-2m*1-1.5m''s of * wide * one long in compost place
The wooden frame of strip upper and lower opening, in the setting ventilation pipe of wooden frame inner cross shape, the ventilation pipe includes laterally the
One pipeline and longitudinal second pipe, the first pipe both ends are fixedly connected with the wooden frame two sides inner wall, second pipe
Road first end is fixed on the wooden frame bottom end, and second end stretches out the wooden upper frame edge edge, the first pipe and second
Pipeline includes refrigerator pipe and heating pipe, and the refrigerator pipe and heating pipe distinguish external cold air and hot gas；
C: by first pipe described in the uniform composting of fermented material obtained by a and the wooden frame except second pipe, to described
It is passed through hot gas in heating pipe and is kept for 50 DEG C 4 days, then stops for hot gas, leads to 5 DEG C of cold air into refrigerator pipe immediately and keeps 2h, stop
For cold air, then it is passed through 40 DEG C of hot gas immediately and keeps 30min, it, will be in a after repetition is passed through process 2 times of cold air and 40 DEG C of hot gas
Remaining microbial inoculum and bulk material are added, and turn uniformly, then are passed through hot gas and are kept for 50 DEG C after 4 days, and raising is passed through
The temperature of hot gas simultaneously keeps 65 DEG C of 15 days progress high-temperature maturings, keeps turning 1 time for 2 days during curing, maturing process terminates to remove
The wooden frame natural cooling, obtains the organic fertilizer of curing；
D: it by the organic fertilizer cured obtained by c by 1.2% addition step 4 gained passivator, is uniformly mixed and inputs pelletizer
It is fabricated to graininess, is packed into pouch seal, obtains organic compost.
The organic compost that above-described embodiment aerobic fermentation is prepared, the content of organic matter 68.1%, total nitrogen content are
3.12%, full phosphorus 1.54%, full potassium 2.03%, moisture (free water) content 27.9%；Microelement: boron content 22.03mg/
Kg, Zn content 118.13mg/kg, molybdenum content 3.55mg/kg, copper content 37.81mg/kg meet agricultural industry criteria, retain
Nutritional ingredient in compost hair teaching material material, and be conducive to adjust the arable land that soil texture wrecks rich in microelement, with
Rehabilitating soil structure promotes plant growth.
Embodiment 3
Step 1: the processing of organic base-material: taking crushing and drying to 25 parts of the diseases on plant stalk below of water content 5%, plant falls
13 parts of leaf, 8 parts of seed hull, 12 parts of animal wastes and 7 parts of animal corpse are uniformly mixed, and obtain the organic materials；
Step 2: the preparation of microbial inoculum: weighing 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, mycorrhizal fungi 1
0.5 part and 2 parts of bacillus laterosporus part, 1 part of saccharomycete, native mould mixing, then (mass ratio is with the brown sugar waters of 12 times of volumes
The brown sugar and water of 1:2 mixes) it is uniformly mixed, at 30 DEG C, it is sealed by fermentation 4 days, obtains the microbial inoculum；
Step 3: the preparation of bulk material: weighing 4 parts of dried poultrymanure and 3 parts of bloom frass, and dried poultrymanure is pulverized and sieved 80
It is uniformly mixed after mesh with bloom frass, obtains the bulk material；
Step 4: the preparation of passivator: 8 parts of straw charcoal, 8 parts of shell carbon and 12 parts of bone black；
Wherein, straw charcoal includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 12 parts of millet stalk, 8 parts of wheat stalk, 9 parts of soybean stalk
And 7 parts of sesame stalk, after raw material is mixed in 380 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.2h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush is simultaneously
Be sieved 80 mesh, obtains the straw charcoal；
The shell carbon includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 5 parts of millet shell, 6 parts of wheat shell, 10 parts of soybean peel and sesame
4 parts of shell, after raw material is mixed in 380 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.2h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush and be sieved 80 mesh,
Obtain the shell carbon；
The bone black includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 12 parts of pig bone, 11 parts of sheep bone, 12 parts of Os Bovis seu Bubali and fish-bone
First 5 parts, by raw material mix and in 400 DEG C of high temperature furnaces, closed processes 1.5h under oxygen free condition, cooling crush and be sieved 80 mesh,
Obtain the bone black.
Step 5: aerobic fermentation prepares organic compost, specifically includes following step:
A: the processing of fermented material: by organic base-material 100,6 parts of step 2 gained microbial inoculum and step 3 obtained by step 1
Gained is bulk 2.15 parts of material be uniformly mixed, obtain fermented materials；
B: the preparation of composting device: compost establishes a height of 5-8m*1-2m*1-1.5m''s of * wide * one long in compost place
The wooden frame of strip upper and lower opening, in the setting ventilation pipe of wooden frame inner cross shape, the ventilation pipe includes laterally the
One pipeline and longitudinal second pipe, the first pipe both ends are fixedly connected with the wooden frame two sides inner wall, second pipe
Road first end is fixed on the wooden frame bottom end, and second end stretches out the wooden upper frame edge edge, the first pipe and second
Pipeline includes refrigerator pipe and heating pipe, and the refrigerator pipe and heating pipe distinguish external cold air and hot gas；
C: by first pipe described in the uniform composting of fermented material obtained by a and the wooden frame except second pipe, to described
It is passed through hot gas in heating pipe and is kept for 45 DEG C 3 days, then stops for hot gas, leads to 3 DEG C of cold air into refrigerator pipe immediately and keeps 1.2h, stop
Only for cold air, then it is passed through 35 DEG C of hot gas immediately and keeps 22min, after repetition is passed through process 1 time of cold air and 35 DEG C of hot gas, by a
In remaining microbial inoculum and bulk material be added, and turn uniformly, then be passed through hot gas and kept for 45 DEG C after 3 days, increase logical
Enter the temperature of hot gas and keep 62 DEG C of 12 days progress high-temperature maturings, keeps turning 1 time for 2 days during curing, maturing process terminates
Except the wooden frame natural cooling, the organic fertilizer of curing is obtained；
D: it by the organic fertilizer cured obtained by c by 1.2% addition step 4 gained passivator, is uniformly mixed and inputs pelletizer
It is fabricated to graininess, is packed into pouch seal, obtains organic compost.
The organic compost that above-described embodiment aerobic fermentation is prepared, the content of organic matter 68.1%, total nitrogen content are
3.12%, full phosphorus 1.54%, full potassium 2.03%, moisture (free water) content 27.8%；Microelement: boron content 22.03mg/
Kg, Zn content 130.02mg/kg, molybdenum content 3.63mg/kg, copper content 37.07mg/kg meet agricultural industry criteria, retain
Nutritional ingredient in compost hair teaching material material, and be conducive to adjust the arable land that soil texture wrecks rich in microelement, with
Rehabilitating soil structure promotes plant growth.
Organic compost prepared by the present invention ferments 40-70 days with respect to Traditional compost, only can be completed with 14-23 days time
It is decomposed, many times are saved, technique is also easy to operate；There is no obvious stink, reduces the influence to air environment；Reduce nitrogen
Loss, more effectively remain effective component, be conducive to agricultural planting and land remediation.
In addition, the detritus degree of the organic compost in order to reflect vegetation of the present invention, the present invention is also by the stacked organic of preparation
Fertilizer is applied on arable land, has carried out field experiment, specifically: the arable land of corn planting is carried out within continuous 4 years, soil property is harder, yield
It is on a declining curve, it is tested using organic compost prepared by embodiment 1-3, experimental plot is divided into equirotal 15 pieces of examinations
Ground is tested, the organic compost that embodiment 1-3 preparation is respectively adopted in experimental group respectively selects three pieces of experimental plots, and control group is selected three pieces and applied
Adding the bio-bacterial manure sold on the market, blank control selects three pieces of ground not apply any fertilizer, while carrying out corn planting production,
Organic compost and the usage amount of commercially available bio-bacterial manure are applied fertilizer by 1300kg/ mus, nutrient content variation and corn yield in soil
The correlated results of variation is as shown in the table.
The variation of nutrient content in 1 soil of table
Note: the above numerical value is the same embodiment or the average value for compareing three pieces of ground, and microelement is available state.
As seen from Table 1, the content of the corresponding microelement of blank control is respectively as follows: boron 0.37ppm, zinc 1.2ppm, molybdenum
0.2ppm, copper 0.2ppm；Bio-bacterial manure and blank control soil with organic matter content are significantly improved on the market relatively, organic matter
Content number when measure one of the important indicator of soil fertility, organic compost of the present invention helps to improve soil fertility, improves
Soil texture；It improves nitrate nitrogen simultaneously to be absorbed and utilized conducive to crops, and the reduction of porosity, reacts the degree of packing of soil
Improved, aeration enhancing helps to improve the oxygen-supply quantity of crop growth, and then is conducive to growth；And microelement mentions
Height facilitates the utilization of the growth and crop growth of Soil Microorganism to microelement.
The variation of 2 corn yield of table
| Project | Corn yield (kg/ mus) | Yield increase rate (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 634 | 15.2 |
| Embodiment 2 | 630 | 14.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 643 | 16.9 |
| Control group | 550 | - |
As seen from Table 2, the organic compost of embodiment 1-3 preparation has the yield of corn compared to bio-bacterial manure on the market bright
Aobvious raising.
The raising that the experimental data of Tables 1 and 2 reflects organic compost detritus degree remains a large amount of nutritional ingredient
And containing microelement required for plant growth, to have adjusted the structure of nutritional ingredient in soil after being manured into soil, balance
Biological flora in soil promotes the growth of crops so that the microorganism in soil survives under the conditions of optimum.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and shown here as with the legend with description.
Claims (9)
1. one kind can rehabilitating soil organic compost, wherein the raw material including following parts by weight:
Organic base-material 95-102 parts, 8-13 parts of microbial inoculum and material 3-5 parts bulk；
Wherein, the organic materials contains the following parts by weight: 20-30 parts of diseases on plant stalk, 10-18 parts of plant defoliation, kind
5-10 parts of subshell, 10-15 parts of animal wastes and 5-10 parts of animal corpse；
The microbial inoculum includes the microbial inoculum of following parts by weight: 2-5 parts of bacillus subtilis, 2-5 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, bacterium
0.5-1.5 parts of mycorrhiza fungi, 1-3 parts of saccharomycete, native 0.5-1 parts and 1-3 parts of bacillus laterosporus of mould；
The bulk material contains the following parts by weight: 3-5 parts and 2-4 parts of bloom frass of dried poultrymanure.
2. as described in claim 1 can rehabilitating soil organic compost comprising following parts by weight raw material:
100 parts of organic base-material, 12 parts of microbial inoculum, 4.3 parts of bulk material；
Wherein, the organic materials contains the following parts by weight: 25 parts of diseases on plant stalk, 13 parts of plant defoliation, seed hull 8
Part, 12 parts of animal wastes and 7 parts of animal corpse；
The microbial inoculum includes the microbial inoculum of following parts by weight: 3 parts of bacillus subtilis, 3 parts of heat-resistant bacillus, mycorhiza are true
1 part of bacterium, 1 part of saccharomycete, native 0.5 part and 2 parts of bacillus laterosporus of mould；
The bulk material contains the following parts by weight: 4 parts and 3 parts of bloom frass of dried poultrymanure.
3. as described in claim 1 can rehabilitating soil organic compost, wherein further include passivator comprising following weight
The component of part: 5-10 parts of straw charcoal, 5-10 parts of shell carbon and 10-15 parts of bone black；
Wherein, straw charcoal includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of millet stalk, 5-10 parts of wheat stalk, soybean stalk 5-
10 parts and 3-8 parts of sesame stalk；
The shell carbon includes the raw material of following parts by weight: 3-8 parts of millet shell, 5-8 parts of wheat shell, 8-13 parts of soybean peel and sesame
Numb shell 3-5 parts.
The bone black include following parts by weight raw material: 10-15 parts of pig bone, 8-12 parts of sheep bone, 10-15 parts of Os Bovis seu Bubali and
3-7 parts of Fishbone.
4. it is a kind of as described in any one of claim 1-3 can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein packet
Include following steps:
Step 1: the processing of organic base-material: taking Organic Ingredients to crush and dry to water content 5% hereinafter, by Organic Ingredients component
It weighs and mixes；
Step 2: the preparation of microbial inoculum: weighing the mixing of microbial inoculum contained in microbial inoculum, then the Portugal with 10-15 times of volume
Grape syrup or brown sugar water are uniformly mixed, and are sealed by fermentation 3-5 days, are obtained the microbial inoculum；
Step 3: the preparation of bulk material: weighing the dried poultrymanure and bloom frass by the component of bulk material, and by dried poultrymanure
It pulverizes and sieves and is uniformly mixed with bloom frass after 60-100 mesh, obtain the bulk material；
Step 4: the preparation of passivator: by straw charcoal, shell carbon and bone black component weigh raw material, respectively in high temperature furnace into
Row carbonization, pulverizes and sieves after carbonization, and straw charcoal, shell carbon and the bone black needed for weighing by the component of passivator are uniformly mixed, and obtains
Obtain the passivator；
Step 5: aerobic fermentation prepares organic compost, specifically includes following step:
A: the processing of compost fermentation material: by the half of organic base-material, step 2 gained microbial inoculum total amount obtained by step 1 and
The half of bulk material total amount obtained by step 3 is uniformly mixed, and obtains fermented material；
B: the preparation of composting device: compost establishes the strip of a height of 5-8m*1-2m*1-1.5m' of * wide * one long in compost place
The wooden frame of shape upper and lower opening, in the setting ventilation pipe of wooden frame inner cross shape, the ventilation pipe includes laterally first to manage
Road and longitudinal second pipe, the first pipe both ends are fixedly connected with the wooden frame two sides inner wall, the second pipe the
One end is fixed on the wooden frame bottom end, and second end stretches out the wooden upper frame edge edge, the first pipe and second pipe
It include refrigerator pipe and heating pipe, the refrigerator pipe and heating pipe distinguish external cold air and hot gas；
C: by first pipe described in the uniform composting of fermented material obtained by a and the wooden frame except second pipe, to the hot gas
It is passed through hot gas in pipe and is kept for 40-50 DEG C 1-3 days, then stops for hot gas, leads to 2-5 DEG C of cold air into refrigerator pipe immediately and keeps 1-
2h stops for cold air, then is passed through 30-40 DEG C of hot gas immediately and keeps 20-30min, is repeating to be passed through cold air and 30-40 DEG C of hot gas
After process 1-2 times, microbial inoculum remaining in a and bulk material are added, and turned uniformly, then be passed through hot gas and keep
45-50 DEG C after 2-4 days, increases the temperature for being passed through hot gas and keeps 60-65 DEG C of 10-12 days progress high-temperature maturing, protect during curing
It holds and turns within 1-2 days 1 time, maturing process terminates to remove the wooden frame natural cooling, obtains the organic fertilizer of curing；
D: the organic fertilizer cured obtained by c is added into step 4 gained passivator by 0.5-1.5%, is uniformly mixed and inputs pelletizer
It is fabricated to graininess, is packed into pouch seal, obtains organic compost.
5. as claimed in claim 4 can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein weighed in step 2 described micro-
The component of biological agent is simultaneously uniformly mixed with the brown sugar water of 10-15 times of volume；
Wherein, the brown sugar water brown sugar of 3-5:10 in mass ratio: water mixing is stirred evenly and is prepared.
6. as claimed in claim 4 can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein the step 4 high temperature furnace
Condition are as follows: 380-450 DEG C, closed processes 1-2h under oxygen free condition；
The 60-100 mesh in addition, passivator is sieved.
7. as claimed in claim 4 can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein the particle of the organic compost
For any one in spherical or prismatic.
8. as claimed in claim 4 can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein the second pipe second end
It is higher by the wooden upper frame edge edge 5-10cm, and the second pipe second end button sets the lid of adaptation.
9. as claimed in claim 4 can rehabilitating soil organic compost preparation method, wherein the first pipe, second
Several air holes are uniformly arranged on pipeline and wooden frame respectively, and the plastics for setting adaptation are removably enclosed in the wooden outer frame side
Film.
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