CN109353093A - 一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料 - Google Patents

一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料 Download PDF

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CN109353093A
CN109353093A CN201811288016.1A CN201811288016A CN109353093A CN 109353093 A CN109353093 A CN 109353093A CN 201811288016 A CN201811288016 A CN 201811288016A CN 109353093 A CN109353093 A CN 109353093A
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layer
insulating
sound
composite material
polyester
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林庆钻
王志伟
唐鹭丹
刘雪燕
刘梦婷
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Xiamen Rongxin Automobile Parts Co Ltd
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Xiamen Rongxin Automobile Parts Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，该复合材料包括铝箔层，所述铝箔层与第一胶水层对应连接，所述第一胶水层的另一侧与玻璃纤维层对应连接，所述玻璃纤维层与聚酯聚丙烯纤维层对应连接，所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层与第二胶水层对应连接，所述第二胶水层的另一侧与橡塑棉对应连接；在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层靠近第一胶水层的一侧对应开设有多个吸音槽，在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层靠近第二胶水层的一侧对应设有多个平行的亚麻纤维束。本发明一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料通过铝箔层对声音进行阻挡削弱，还可以反射热量，阻止燃烧，然后由玻璃纤维层和聚酯聚丙烯纤维层对声音进行吸收，最后由橡塑棉对声音进行阻挡，进一步降低进入乘客舱的声音。

Description

一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料
技术领域
本发明涉及车用复合材料领域，尤其是一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料。
背景技术
用于车辆发动机舱内的吸音、隔音、隔热防火、保温使用，由于发动机舱大的噪声大，温度高，并隔离乘客和发动机舱，保证乘客舱的舒适性，在发动机舱的内部贴上具备隔音、吸音、隔热防火复合材料。目前现有的材料虽也是复合材料(铝箔、泡棉和棉布复合)，但是起不到隔热防火的作用。达不到国家标准GB8410-2006要求的汽车内饰材料的燃烧等级要求。需要设计一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的缺陷，提供一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料。
本发明通过下述方案实现：
一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，该复合材料包括铝箔层，所述铝箔层与第一胶水层对应连接，所述第一胶水层的另一侧与玻璃纤维层对应连接，所述玻璃纤维层与聚酯聚丙烯纤维层对应连接，所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层与第二胶水层对应连接，所述第二胶水层的另一侧与橡塑棉对应连接；在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层靠近第一胶水层的一侧对应开设有多个吸音槽，在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层靠近第二胶水层的一侧对应设有多个平行的亚麻纤维束。
所述吸音槽的截面为梯形。
在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层与玻璃纤维层的连接处还对应设有碳纤维层，所述碳纤维层的两端分别插入聚酯聚丙烯纤维层和玻璃纤维层中。
所述玻璃纤维层的厚度为30mm，所述橡塑棉的厚度为20mm。
所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层的面密度为200-400g/m2，厚度为15-30mm。
所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层将纤维直径为25μm的聚酯作为结构纤维和纤维直径为2μm的聚丙烯作为吹熔丝通过无纺技术结合而成。
本发明的有益效果为：
本发明一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料通过铝箔层对声音进行阻挡削弱，还可以反射热量，阻止燃烧，然后由玻璃纤维层和聚酯聚丙烯纤维层对声音进行吸收，最后由橡塑棉对声音进行阻挡，进一步降低进入乘客舱的声音。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料的结构示意图。
图中：1为铝箔层，2为第一胶水层，3为玻璃纤维层，4为聚酯聚丙烯纤维层，41为吸音槽，42为碳纤维层，5为第二胶水层，6为橡塑棉，7为亚麻纤维束。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1对本发明优选的实施例进一步说明：
一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，该复合材料包括铝箔层1，所述铝箔层1与第一胶水层2对应连接，所述第一胶水层2的另一侧与玻璃纤维层3对应连接，所述玻璃纤维层3与聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4对应连接，所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4与第二胶水层5对应连接，所述第二胶水层5的另一侧与橡塑棉6对应连接；在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4靠近第一胶水层2的一侧对应开设有多个吸音槽41，在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4靠近第二胶水层5的一侧对应设有多个平行的亚麻纤维束7，在实际中，亚麻纤维束与聚酯聚丙烯纤维层采用针刺固结，是本申请具有更好的抗拉强度和吸音效果。通过第一胶水层和第二胶水层将主要结构粘合在一起，铝箔层结构稳定，对热量进行反射，阻止燃烧，对声音进行阻挡，玻璃纤维层特有的吸音性能吸收声音，聚酯聚丙烯纤维层则重点对可能进入车内的中高频噪声进行吸收。
所述吸音槽41的截面为梯形。吸音槽的外形类似一个喇叭口，对进入的声音进行最大化的吸收处理。在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4与玻璃纤维层3的连接处还对应设有碳纤维层42，所述碳纤维层42的两端分别插入聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4和玻璃纤维层3中。通过在聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4与玻璃纤维层3之间设置碳纤维层42，增加本申请复合材料两个主要吸音部分聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4与玻璃纤维层3的结构强度、剪切强度和拉伸强度。
所述玻璃纤维层3的厚度为30mm，所述橡塑棉6的厚度为20mm。所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4的面密度为200-400g/m2，厚度为15-30mm。所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层4将纤维直径为25μm的聚酯作为结构纤维和纤维直径为2μm的聚丙烯作为吹熔丝通过无纺技术(此技术为公知技术，在此具体的过程和方法不再赘述)结合而成，这种制作工艺制备的材料，通过两种纤维组成的特殊分子结构达到吸音的作用。通过对本申请的复合材料进行分析测试，本申请的复合材料吸音系数大于0.55；隔音量大于35dB；燃烧等级达到A级，达到了GB/T18696.2-2002和GB8410-2006的要求。
尽管已经对本发明的技术方案做了较为详细的阐述和列举，应当理解，对于本领域技术人员来说，对上述实施例做出修改或者采用等同的替代方案，这对本领域的技术人员而言是显而易见，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，其特征在于：该复合材料包括铝箔层(1)，所述铝箔层(1)与第一胶水层(2)对应连接，所述第一胶水层(2)的另一侧与玻璃纤维层(3)对应连接，所述玻璃纤维层(3)与聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)对应连接，所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)与第二胶水层(5)对应连接，所述第二胶水层(5)的另一侧与橡塑棉(6)对应连接；在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)靠近第一胶水层(2)的一侧对应开设有多个吸音槽(41)，在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)靠近第二胶水层(5)的一侧对应设有多个平行的亚麻纤维束(7)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，其特征在于：所述吸音槽(41)的截面为梯形。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，其特征在于：在所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)与玻璃纤维层(3)的连接处还对应设有碳纤维层(42)，所述碳纤维层(42)的两端分别插入聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)和玻璃纤维层(3)中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，其特征在于：所述玻璃纤维层(3)的厚度为30mm，所述橡塑棉(6)的厚度为20mm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，其特征在于：所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)的面密度为200-400g/m2，厚度为15-30mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种隔音吸音隔热防火复合材料，其特征在于：所述聚酯聚丙烯纤维层(4)将纤维直径为25μm的聚酯作为结构纤维和纤维直径为2μm的聚丙烯作为吹熔丝通过无纺技术结合而成。
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