JP5905725B2 - 音響および振動減衰特性が改善された構造用複合材料 - Google Patents
音響および振動減衰特性が改善された構造用複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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Description
つ硬化後に中間層が構造用複合材料に一体化する。いくつかの面における樹脂成分は熱硬化性組成物であり得る。いくつかの面における構造用繊維は炭素繊維を含んで成る。
有して成り、前記粘弾性インターリーフに前記樹脂成分がある程度または完全に染み込んでおり、前記樹脂成分は熱硬化性樹脂であり、前記粘弾性インターリーフの少なくとも片面が構造用接着剤で被覆されており、かつ前記粘弾性インターリーフの両面が少なくとも35ダイン/cmの表面張力を達成するようにプラズマで処理されている。
高性能の材料が航空宇宙産業で用いられることが最近増してきたことで、商業的および軍用航空機および宇宙船の主要および二次的構造物の音響および振動減衰に新たな興味が持たれるようになってきた。複合材料は本質的に金属よりも軽くかつ堅く、従って、振動および騒音を好ましくない度合で受け易くかつ被り易い傾向がある。
音響減衰装置とは対照的に多層追加的物が広範に用いられている。そのような用途では、数種の添加剤を含有させた様々な組成の粘弾性連続フィルム、発泡体および不織布が用いられている。複数の層で構成されている騒音低下用積層物を含有して成る騒音低下用材料が示されており(WO2007/026411A1)、その騒音低下用積層物には、有機繊維不織布層およびこれの少なくとも1つの主要表面に重ね合わされたスキン層材料で構成されている音響材料が含まれており、かつ空気層を前記騒音低下用積層物と平面車体部分の間に位置させている。その場合の音の縦方向波は構造が不均一であることが理由で一連の反射−透過機構によって減衰するが、せん断波はほとんど消散しない。2番目の層を用いることなく充分な構造的一体性を示す有機ミクロ繊維および熱活性化ステープル繊維が大型の家庭用電気製品、家の壁、航空機(二重壁キャビンの中またはエンジンとキャビンの間)およびボートで用いる目的で提案された(EP0833973B1およびWO97/00989)。樹脂マトリクスの中に埋め込まれていて機械的振動に対して様々な減衰反応を示すフィラメントの組み合わせを機械ハウジングおよびスポーツ器具の目的で提案された(EP0310203)。
Company))に中間層を含有する減衰型複合積層物が示されており、それは強化用媒体を有する粘弾性材料を含有していてもよく、かつその強化用媒体は前記粘弾性材料の中に埋め込まれている繊維であってもよく、その繊維自身は2番目の粘弾性材料で作られていてもよい。その繊維を埋め込んでいる粘弾性材料が示すガラス転移温度Tgは前記粘弾性繊維が示すそれよりも低いことから、その繊維は強化用媒体として働くことができる。対照的に、本明細書に記述する態様に示す樹脂のTgは、当該インターリーフの粘弾性材料が示すそれよりも高い。従って、本明細書に開示する態様では強化用媒体が要求されることも必要とされることもない。その上、本明細書に開示する態様の面とは異なり、その強化用繊維を埋め込んでいる粘弾性材料は米国特許出願2007/0071957に関して上で考察した粘弾性フィルムと同様である。
繊維のシートを含有して成る支持体(前記アンカー部分と前記フィルムは当該支持体の前方表面に沿って間隔を置いて位置する結合点の所で結合している)[この支持体は支持体の前方表面から突き出ている弓状部分を前記結合場所の間に有する]および2)前記支持体の後方表面の有意な部分を覆っている接着剤層。そのような減衰用テープは、本明細書に記述する態様とは異なり、当該構造物の残りと一体化してはいない。
France)の中で考察されている。その場合の多孔質層にはこれの面の各々に前記区分化中心部のセルのいくつかに対する一連の管状ガイドが備わっている。
、粘弾性インターリーフと樹脂の間の接合面を調節する結果として優れた性能をもたらす。
である。
プレグに熱、真空および外部の圧力の中の少なくとも1つをかけることでそれを固化させて複合材料を生じさせることができる。その結果としてもたらされた複合材料を航空宇宙用途で用いることができる(限定するものでないが)。
に損失正接(tanδ)が音および振動減衰効率の測定で用いられる係数の1つである。このように、減衰度が高い不織布組成物が示す前記係数の数値はより高いことから、動的エネルギーは電気もしくは熱エネルギーの形態で吸収されて消散し、そのようなインターリーフは優れた機械的特性、例えば音吸収特性または振動減衰特性などを示す。通常の高減衰インターリーフ材料組成物は損失正接が1.0以上、好適には1.5から2.0の範囲であることが要求される。
いくつかの市販熱可塑性エラストマーに減衰効率の範囲を検定する評価を受けさせた。その評価を受けさせた材料および相当する特性の簡単なリストを表1に報告する。
スチレン系熱可塑性エラストマー、特にエチレン−プロピレン軟質単位を含有するスチレン重合体の水添品、例えばKuraray Septon 2063などを本実施例に開示する不織布製造用の主成分として用いた。その選択した熱可塑性エラストマー(Septon 2063)と一緒にポリプロピレン(PP)、ポリアミド 6(ナイロン6)またはポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)をいろいろなパーセントで用いてコンパウンドにした。不織布を製造する目的でメルトブロー加工を選択した。この加工の図式図を図1に報告する。不織布およびこれらの相当する組成および特性のリストを表に報告する。
この実施例では、一体型音響減衰材料が注入工程に適することを立証する。この実施例では、CYCOM 977−2 1000gsm HMフィルムおよび3軸炭素繊維編組プレフォームを用いて試片をバルク樹脂注入で得た。
好適な不織布一体型材料解決法が下記の複合材料特性に対して示す影響を評価した:
a)音響減衰
b)見かけ層間せん断強度
c)衝撃後圧縮強度
d)開放孔圧縮強度
e)ガラス転移温度
実施した。バーを2個の支持体の上に置いて、前記支持体の間の中程に位置させたローディングノーズ(loading nose)を用いて力をかけて、測定を以下の式に従って実施した:
τは、見かけせん断応力(MPa)であり、
PRは、最初の破壊が起こる時点の最大力(N)であり、
bは、試片の幅(mm)であり、
hは、試片の厚み(mm)である。
Prは、破壊負荷(N)であり、
wは、試片の幅(mm)であり、
tは、試片の厚み(mm)である。
を受けさせることで、そのような積層物が示す引張り機械的特性を測定する。
Puは、最大負荷(N)であり、
wは、試片の幅(mm)であり、
tnは、名目上の厚み(関連材料の仕様に示されている硬化後層厚に試験積層物の中の層の数を掛けた値)(mm)である。
開示する不織布一体型材料をSmactane(登録商標)(Smac Toulon
Franceから入手可能)連続フィルム処理複合材料と対比させる剥離強度比較実施例。
層物中間面に位置させることで、初期亀裂を導入した。
試片を試験固定具の中に整列させた。前記合併させる剥離フィルムに負荷を初期亀裂長が約10−15mmになるまで受けさせた。試片に負荷を常に全亀裂長が約100mmになるまで10mm/分のクロスヘッド速度で受けさせた。負荷およびクロスヘッド転位を記録した。
Aは、伝播した総亀裂長の達成に要するエネルギー(図10)であり、
aは、伝播した亀裂長であり、
wは、試片の幅である。
この比較実施例では、様々なプラズマ処理を用いて不織布の表面に改質を受けさせる。試片の調製を実施例4と同様に実施した。剥離強度の計算を実施例4と同様に実施した。
ルムを用いてプレプレグにした。次に、そのプレプレグにしたインターリーフを試片の中間面の所にレイアップした。
不織布をインターリーフとして用いた複合材料と連続フィルムをインターリーフとして用いた複合材料を比較する注入工程実施例。
リーフとして用いた。
Claims (6)
- 未硬化の構造用複合材料であって、
エポキシ樹脂からなる熱硬化性樹脂成分がある程度または完全に染み込んだ構造用繊維の複数の層、および1対の隣接して位置する構造用繊維の層の間に位置する粘弾性インターリーフ、
を含有して成っていて
前記粘弾性インターリーフが熱可塑性エラストマー繊維でつくられた不織材料であり、前記樹脂成分が前記粘弾性インターリーフよりも高いガラス転移温度Tgを有しており、かつ、前記不織材料中の熱可塑性エラストマー繊維がエチレン−プロピレン軟質単位を含有するスチレン共重合体の水添品でつくられたものである、
ことを特徴とする構造用複合材料。 - 前記構造用繊維が炭素繊維を含んで成る請求項1記載の構造用複合材料。
- 前記粘弾性インターリーフに前記熱硬化性樹脂成分が染み込んでいない請求項1記載の構造用複合材料。
- 前記粘弾性インターリーフの両面が少なくとも35ダイン/cmの表面張力を達成するようにプラズマで処理されたものである請求項1記載の構造用複合材料。
- 未硬化の複合サンドイッチ型構造物であって、
1番目のスキン層および2番目のスキン層、および前記1番目のスキン層と2番目のスキン層の間に位置する構造用中心部、
を含有して成り、1番目のスキン層および2番目のスキン層の各々は、エポキシ樹脂からなる熱硬化性樹脂成分が染み込んだ構造用繊維の複数の層、および、1対の隣接して位置する構造用繊維の層の間に位置する粘弾性インターリーフから成り、
前記粘弾性インターリーフが熱可塑性エラストマー繊維でつくられた不織材料であり、前記熱可塑性エラストマー繊維がエチレン−プロピレン軟質単位を含有するスチレン共重合体の水添品でつくられたものであり、前記熱硬化性樹脂成分が前記粘弾性インターリーフよりも高いガラス転移温度Tgを有しており、前記粘弾性インターリーフに前記熱硬化性樹脂成分が染み込んでいない、
ことを特徴とする複合サンドイッチ型構造物。 - 前記粘弾性インターリーフの少なくとも片面が構造用接着剤で被覆されている請求項5記載の構造物。
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WO2008079967A1 (en) | 2006-12-20 | 2008-07-03 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Damping tape and articles comprising same |
US9511571B2 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2016-12-06 | The Boeing Company | Composite laminate having a damping interlayer and method of making the same |
US8951923B2 (en) * | 2007-05-23 | 2015-02-10 | The Boeing Company | Hybrid composite structure having damped metallic fibers |
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2010
- 2010-01-05 WO PCT/GB2010/000008 patent/WO2010079322A1/en active Application Filing
- 2010-01-05 ES ES10700268.5T patent/ES2596883T3/es active Active
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- 2010-01-05 MY MYPI2011002832A patent/MY155107A/en unknown
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BRPI1007429B1 (pt) | 2021-02-02 |
KR20110107838A (ko) | 2011-10-04 |
US8450225B2 (en) | 2013-05-28 |
BRPI1007429A2 (pt) | 2020-08-18 |
CN102271905B (zh) | 2015-02-18 |
US20100170746A1 (en) | 2010-07-08 |
AU2010204209A1 (en) | 2011-07-07 |
CA2748926A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
TWI474927B (zh) | 2015-03-01 |
CN102271905A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
EP2385897A1 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
WO2010079322A1 (en) | 2010-07-15 |
ES2596883T3 (es) | 2017-01-12 |
TW201033012A (en) | 2010-09-16 |
MY155107A (en) | 2015-09-15 |
JP2012514546A (ja) | 2012-06-28 |
KR101728561B1 (ko) | 2017-04-19 |
EP2385897B1 (en) | 2016-07-27 |
CA2748926C (en) | 2017-06-27 |
AU2010204209B2 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
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