CN109349165B

CN109349165B - Marine ranch

Info

Publication number: CN109349165B
Application number: CN201811229805.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 潘昀; 桂福坤; 王萍; 冯德军; 刘灿; 孙孟
Original assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Current assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Priority date: 2018-10-22
Filing date: 2018-10-22
Publication date: 2021-03-16
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-22
Also published as: CN109349165A

Abstract

The invention discloses a marine ranch, which belongs to the technical field of facility culture engineering and comprises a intensive culture area, wherein photovoltaic power generation sets and wind power generation sets are arranged on the shores on the two sides of the intensive culture area, a pile-column type purse net is arranged on the periphery of the intensive culture area, a raft culture set is arranged on the left side of the intensive culture area, and an artificial fish reef cluster is arranged on the right side of the intensive culture area. This development mode has constructed complete electric power system, farming systems, management system, and the pasture of ocean divides into two districts, realizes the mode of stocking on the land, and the fish reef that sets up can provide the habitat for fish, still is favorable to improving waters fertility degree and primary productivity level.

Description

Marine ranch

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of facility culture engineering, and particularly relates to a marine ranch.

Background

The marine ranch construction as a gold key for solving the contradiction between the sustainable utilization of marine fishery resources and the ecological environment protection is an important exploration for changing the development mode of marine fishery and also an important measure for promoting the marine economic development and marine ecological civilization construction. After 30 years of development, a series of marine ranches mainly comprising artificial fish reefs, seaweed and seaweed transplanting and planting, undersowing seafood, breeding and releasing fishes, shrimps, crabs, cephalopods and the like are built in China from north to south along the sea. The habitat construction is the first step of marine ranch construction, and provides good environments for fish school growth, propagation and bait feeding mainly by putting in artificial fish reefs. Although the construction of the national marine ranch is on an initial scale at present, and economic benefits, ecological benefits and social benefits are increasingly remarkable, the problem of insufficient basic research exists in the development process, and the construction of the marine ranch is restricted.

In the "national marine ranch demonstration area construction planning (2017-2025)" issued by Ministry of agriculture: by 2025, a total of 20 national marine ranch demonstration areas (including 2015-2016 established) were planned to be constructed in the east-sea area, forming a demonstration sea area of more than 500 square kilometers, where: the area of the artificial fish reef area is 160 square kilometers, and more than 500 ten thousand empty cubic meters of the artificial fish reef is put in. Therefore, China highly attaches importance to and strongly supports the construction of marine ranches in the east China sea coastal areas, the thickness of the silt layer in the east China sea area is as high as 15m on average, and the movement of silt at the bottom is severe, so that the submerged bottom layer fish reef is difficult to bear, and the failure of the bottom layer fish reef is easily caused. In order to solve the difficult problem of the construction of the artificial fishing reef in the sludge bottom marine ranch, the research on the artificial floating fish reef with large surface area, high internal space utilization rate and strong water permeability needs to be carried out comprehensively by a system, and the artificial floating fish reef mainly comprises a structural form, a layout mode, safety performance, sea area environment adaptation capability and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a marine ranch, wherein a complete power system, a culture system and a management system are constructed, the marine ranch is divided into two areas, a stocking mode on land is realized, and the arranged fish reef can provide a habitat for fishes and is beneficial to improving the fertility degree and the primary productivity level of a water area.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: the utility model provides a marine ranch, includes the intensive culture area, and the both sides bank in intensive culture area is equipped with photovoltaic power generation group and wind power generation group, and the periphery in intensive culture area is equipped with stake formula purse seine, and the intensive culture area left side is equipped with raft culture group, and the intensive culture area right side is equipped with artifical fish reef crowd. The marine ranch divides into intensive care district and pastoral area, it is herded like the cattle and sheep on the land to have realized the marine ranch, photovoltaic power generation group can be fine with setting up of wind power generation group provides the electric energy for peripheral city simultaneously, and form distinctive scenery, the artifical fish reef crowd of arranging provides the place of perching for fish, be favorable to the alga, the normal growth of periphyton, can effectually improve marine environment, the purse seine can be enclosed fish and breed inside the purse seine on the one hand and prevent fish escape, on the other hand can play anti-stormy wave, keep off the effect of ocean current.

Preferably, a cruise ship is arranged on the left side of the photovoltaic power generation set and can sail along a channel. A plurality of patrol channels are planned in the pastoral area, patrol ships can only automatically navigate to monitor and manage the whole marine ranch, and the patrol ships automatically enter a wind-sheltering bay when stopping the engineering.

As preferred, raft culture group includes the floater, and the inside X type frame that is equipped with of floater is connected with the cable wire between every floater, and the telescopic link is connected to the floater lower extreme, installs the receiver in the telescopic link, and the horizontal pole is connected to the telescopic link bottom, and the cage has been cup jointed to the horizontal pole top, and a plurality of spaces are separated into with the baffle to the cage. When the sea water fluctuates, the floater on raft culture group floats along with it, guarantee that the floater can not be less than the surface of water, X-shaped frame can reduce the impact of wave to the floater, make the sea water of impact form the reposition of redundant personnel, the stability of floater at the surface of water has been increased, wearing of floater cluster can improve the buoyancy of raft culture group on the cable wire, the cover has the cage on the connecting rod of floater lower extreme can breed the marine product, under abominable weather environment, control receiver makes the telescopic link extend to the bottom, it sinks in darker waters to breed the cage, reduce the impact of wave sea wind to breeding the cage.

Preferably, the pile-type purse net comprises piles, at least three fixing blocks are fixedly connected to each pile, a steel rope is connected between the fixing blocks, a floating ball b penetrates through the surface of the steel rope on the third layer, a main net is connected between the piles below the floating ball b, and a double-layer net is connected between the piles above the floating ball b. The purse seine has strengthened the anti-escape nature of purse seine between the stake, thereby it damages to have avoided the purse seine to pile up the winding when different tide levels and make the purse seine, the stake is inserted and is difficult for receiving the influence of the drift sand impact force in the seabed, the anti wave performance of stake formula purse seine has been improved, the double-deck netting on floater upper strata can block partial stormy waves comparatively firmly, also prevent fish from escaping, this design stake type purse seine durability, the security, prevent escaping nature, stability is comparatively excellent.

Preferably, the artificial fish reef group comprises a plurality of fish reefs, each fish reef comprises a base, a central tube is arranged above the middle of each base, the interior of each central tube is hollow, an L-shaped vertical plate is connected to the outer portion of each central tube, the lower end of each L-shaped vertical plate is connected to the upper surface of each base, through holes are formed in the surface of each L-shaped vertical plate, rhombic holes are formed between the L-shaped vertical plates, the rhombic holes are embedded in the upper surface of each base and have the depth of 15cm-20cm, and supporting corners are arranged on the lower surface. The blade on the fish reef base adopts the design of the vertical plate of L shape, the center tube cavity at middle part can make rivers pass through, the permeability is better, the overall structure of fish reef is complicated, the fish that suitable trend reef nature is hidden and is settled, through-hole on the L type vertical plate and the diamond hole on the base can provide great space for the shoal of fish, make the shoal of fish make a round trip to shuttle around and stop, the whole area of fish reef is big, be favorable to the growth of marine alga attached organism, the weight of the brace angle cooperation fish reef of base below can be better inserts the seabed, can not make the fish reef take place to topple and the displacement.

Preferably, an annular pipe is arranged between the through holes and penetrates through each L-shaped vertical plate. The annular pipe runs through the L-shaped vertical plate, so that small fishes can have a hidden place when being chased by big fishes, and a habitat is provided for the small fishes well.

Preferably, the side face of the base is provided with a circulation hole, one end of the circulation hole, which extends inwards, is connected with the bottom end of the central pipe, the cross section of the circulation hole is rectangular, a bent guide plate is arranged in the circulation hole, the bent guide plate is bent towards the inside of the circulation hole, the bending angle is 50-60 degrees, and the middle part of the bent guide plate is connected with the guide strip. The cross-section of the inlet end of the circulation hole is larger than the area of the inner cross-section of the circulation hole, meanwhile, water flow is in contact with the bent guide plate, only partial water flow passes through the circulation hole, the water pressure of the water flowing through the circulation hole is increased, the water flow is extruded and impacted again through the contact of the guide strips, the relative motion among all parts of the water flow is enhanced, a large speed gradient is formed on the interface of the water flow, finally, the water flow can be rushed out of the central pipe, the fertility and the primary productivity of the water area of the area are improved, and the inhabitation environment around the reef area is greatly improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the marine ranch is divided into a intensive culture area and a pasturing area, so that the marine ranch is like a land for repelling cattle and sheep to graze. 2) Aiming at the east sea area, an artificial floating fish reef colony is arranged, so that a habitat is better provided for fishes, and a pasture of the fishes is realized. 3) Photovoltaic power generation sets and windmill power generation sets are arranged in the marine ranch, so that electric energy can be provided for nearby cities while the marine ranch is powered on, and specific landscape characteristics are formed. 4) A plurality of patrol channels are planned in the pastoral area, patrol ships can only automatically navigate to monitor and manage the whole marine ranch, and the patrol ships automatically enter a wind-sheltering bay when stopping the engineering. 5) The pile-type purse seine has the functions of resisting wind and waves and blocking flow to form a fixed interval in a marine ranching. 6) The arrangement of the artificial fish reef colony is beneficial to improving the fertility and the primary productivity of the water area in the area, and greatly improves the inhabitation environment around the reef area.

The marine ranch provided by the invention adopts the technical scheme, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and is reasonable in design and convenient to operate.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a marine ranch configuration of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a front view of the raft culture group of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the pile seine of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fish reef of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the fish reef of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the flow hole of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals: 1, a intensive culture area; 2, a photovoltaic power generation set; 3, cruising a ship; 4, navigation channel; 5 raft culture group; a 51X-shaped frame; 52 floating ball a; 53 cage; 54 a cross-bar; 55 a steel cord; 56, a storage box; 57 a separator; 58 telescoping rods; 6 pile type purse seine; 61, fixing blocks; 62, double-layer netting; 63 a steel rope; 64 floating balls b; 65 pile columns; 66 main networks; 7, a pasturing area; 8, artificial fish reef clusters; 81 fish reefs; a 82L-shaped vertical plate; 83 through holes; 84 a base; 85 flow holes; 851 bending the guide plate; 852 flow guide strip; 86 bracing angle; 87 rhombic holes; 88 an annular tube; 89 a central tube; 9 wind energy power generation set.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures:

example 1:

as shown in fig. 1: the utility model provides a marine ranch, includes intensive culture area 1, and the both sides bank of intensive culture area 1 is equipped with photovoltaic power generation group 2 and wind power generation group 9, and 1 periphery in intensive culture area is equipped with stake

formula purse seine

6, and 1 left side in intensive culture area is equipped with

raft culture group

5, and 1 right side in intensive culture area is equipped with artifical fish reef crowd 8. The marine ranch divides into intensive care district and pastoral area, it is herded like the cattle and sheep on the land to have realized the marine ranch, photovoltaic power generation group can be fine with setting up of wind power generation group provides the electric energy for peripheral city simultaneously, and form distinctive scenery, the artifical fish reef crowd of arranging provides the place of perching for fish, be favorable to the alga, the normal growth of periphyton, can effectually improve marine environment, the purse seine can be enclosed fish and breed inside the purse seine on the one hand and prevent fish escape, on the other hand can play anti-stormy wave, keep off the effect of ocean current.

The left side of the photovoltaic power generation set 2 is provided with a cruise ship 3, and the cruise ship 3 can sail along a channel 4. A plurality of patrol channels are planned in the pastoral area, patrol ships can only automatically navigate to monitor and manage the whole marine ranch, and the patrol ships automatically enter a wind-sheltering bay when stopping the engineering.

Example 2:

as shown in fig. 1-6: raft culture group 5 includes floater 52, and floater 52 is inside to be equipped with X type frame 51, is connected with cable wire 55 between every floater 52, and telescopic link 58 is connected to the floater 52 lower extreme, installs receiver 56 in the telescopic link 58, and horizontal pole 54 is connected to telescopic link 58 bottom, and cage 53 has been cup jointed to the horizontal pole 54 top, and cage 53 is separated into a plurality of spaces with baffle 57. When the sea water fluctuates, the floater on raft culture group floats along with it, guarantee that the floater can not be less than the surface of water, X-shaped frame can reduce the impact of wave to the floater, make the sea water of impact form the reposition of redundant personnel, the stability of floater at the surface of water has been increased, wearing of floater cluster can improve the buoyancy of raft culture group on the cable wire, the cover has the cage on the connecting rod of floater lower extreme can breed the marine product, under abominable weather environment, control receiver makes the telescopic link extend to the bottom, it sinks in darker waters to breed the cage, reduce the impact of wave sea wind to breeding the cage.

The pile-type purse seine 6 comprises piles 65, each pile 65 is fixedly connected with at least three fixing blocks 61, a steel rope 63 is connected between the fixing blocks 61, a floating ball b64 penetrates through the surface of the third layer of the steel rope 63, a main net 66 is connected between the piles 65 below the floating ball b64, and a double-layer net 62 is connected between the piles 65 above the floating ball b 64. The purse seine has strengthened the anti-escape nature of purse seine between the stake, thereby it damages to have avoided the purse seine to pile up the winding when different tide levels and make the purse seine, the stake is inserted and is difficult for receiving the influence of the drift sand impact force in the seabed, the anti wave performance of stake formula purse seine has been improved, the double-deck netting on floater upper strata can block partial stormy waves comparatively firmly, also prevent fish from escaping, this design stake type purse seine durability, the security, prevent escaping nature, stability is comparatively excellent.

The artificial fish reef cluster 8 comprises a plurality of fish reefs 81, and the fish reef 81 includes base 84, and base 84 middle part top is equipped with center tube 89, the inside cavity of center tube 89, center tube 89 external connection L type vertical plate 82, and base 84 upper surface is connected to L type vertical plate 82 lower extreme, and through-hole 83 has been seted up on L type vertical plate 82 surface, is equipped with diamond hole 87 between the L type vertical plate 82, and diamond hole 87 is embedded in base 84 upper surface, and the degree of depth is 18cm, and base 84 lower surface is equipped with brace angle 86. The blade on the fish reef base adopts the design of the vertical plate of L shape, the center tube cavity at middle part can make rivers pass through, the permeability is better, the overall structure of fish reef is complicated, the fish that suitable trend reef nature is hidden and is settled, through-hole on the L type vertical plate and the diamond hole on the base can provide great space for the shoal of fish, make the shoal of fish make a round trip to shuttle around and stop, the whole area of fish reef is big, be favorable to the growth of marine alga attached organism, the weight of the brace angle cooperation fish reef of base below can be better inserts the seabed, can not make the fish reef take place to topple and the displacement.

An annular pipe 88 is arranged between the through holes 83, and the annular pipe 88 penetrates through each L-shaped vertical plate 82. The annular pipe runs through the L-shaped vertical plate, so that small fishes can have a hidden place when being chased by big fishes, and a habitat is provided for the small fishes well.

The opening 85 has been seted up to base 84 side, and opening 85 one end that inwards extends is connected with center tube 89 bottom, and opening 85's cross-section is the rectangle, and opening 85 is inside to be equipped with guide plate 851 of bending, and guide plate 851 of bending is inside to opening 85 to bend, and the angle of bending is 55, and guide strip 852 is connected in the middle part of guide plate 851 of bending. The cross section of the inlet end of the circulation hole is larger than the area of the inner cross section of the circulation hole, meanwhile, water flow is in contact with the bent guide plate, only partial water flow passes through the circulation hole, the water pressure of the water flowing through the circulation hole is increased, the water flow is extruded and impacted again due to the contact of the guide strips, the relative motion among all parts of the water flow is enhanced, a large speed gradient is formed on the interface of the water flow, finally, the water flow can be rushed out of the central pipe, the fertility and the primary productivity of the water area of the area are improved, and the habitat environment around the reef area is greatly improved.

Example 3:

in the practical application of the marine ranch, the marine ranch is divided into a fine culture area 1 and a pasture area 7, the marine ranch is like a land for herding cattle and sheep, a plurality of patrol channels 4 are planned in the pasture area, patrol ships 3 can automatically navigate to monitor and manage the whole marine ranch, the marine ranch automatically enters a wind-sheltering bay when the engineering is stopped, a photovoltaic power generation group 2 and a windmill power generation group 9 are arranged in the marine ranch, electric energy can be provided for nearby cities while power is supplied to the marine ranch, an artificial floating fish reef group 9 is arranged in a sea area, a resting place is better provided for fishes, and the ranch for the fishes is realized.

The conventional operations in the

above embodiments

1, 2 and 3 are well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.

The embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention in detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modification, supplement or similar substitution made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine ranch comprising a intensive culture zone (1), characterized in that: the both sides bank of intensive care district (1) is equipped with photovoltaic power generation group (2) and wind power generation group (9), intensive care district (1) periphery is equipped with stake formula purse seine (6), intensive care district (1) left side is equipped with raft culture group (5), intensive care district (1) right side is equipped with artifical fish reef crowd (8), photovoltaic power generation group (2) left side is equipped with patrols boat (3), it can follow channel (4) navigation to patrol boat (3), raft culture group (5) include floater (52), floater (52) inside is equipped with X type frame (51), be connected with cable wire (55) between every floater (52), telescopic link (58) is connected to floater (52) lower extreme, install receiver (56) in telescopic link (58), horizontal pole (54) is connected to telescopic link (58) bottom, horizontal pole (54) top cup joints cage (53), cage (53) are separated into a plurality of spaces with baffle (57), stake formula purse seine (6) are including stake (65), link firmly three piece at least fixed block (61) on every stake (65), be in on adjacent stake (65) and connect wire rope (63) between fixed block (61) of the same layer, third layer wire rope (63) surface that is close to the seabed side has worn and has connect floater b (64), connect main network (66) between stake (65) of floater b (64) below, connect double-deck netting (62) between stake (65) of floater b (64) top, artificial reef crowd (8) comprise a plurality of fish reefs (81), fish reef (81) include base (84), base (84) middle part top is equipped with center tube (89), the inside cavity of center tube (89), center tube (89) external connection L type vertical plate (82), the lower end of the L-shaped vertical plate (82) is connected with the upper surface of the base (84), the surface of the L-shaped vertical plate (82) is provided with a through hole (83), diamond holes (87) are arranged between the L-shaped vertical plates (82), the diamond holes (87) are embedded in the upper surface of the base (84) and have the depth of 15cm-20cm, and the lower surface of the base (84) is provided with supporting corners (86).

2. A marine ranch according to claim 1, characterized in that: and annular pipes (88) are arranged between the through holes (83), and the annular pipes (88) penetrate through each L-shaped vertical plate (82).

3. A marine ranch according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side surface of the base (84) is provided with a circulation hole (85), one end of the circulation hole (85) extending inwards is connected with the bottom end of the central pipe (89), the cross section of the circulation hole (85) is rectangular, a bent guide plate (851) is arranged inside the circulation hole (85), the bent guide plate (851) is bent towards the inside of the circulation hole (85), the bending angle is 50-60 degrees, and the middle part of the bent guide plate (851) is connected with a guide strip (852).