CN109349075A - A kind of forest fertilization device and its application - Google Patents

A kind of forest fertilization device and its application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109349075A
CN109349075A CN201811252639.3A CN201811252639A CN109349075A CN 109349075 A CN109349075 A CN 109349075A CN 201811252639 A CN201811252639 A CN 201811252639A CN 109349075 A CN109349075 A CN 109349075A
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fertilizer
forest
fertile
chamber
hole
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CN109349075B (en
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李沛燃
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G29/00Root feeders; Injecting fertilisers into the roots
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: the defeated fertile column of cylindrical shape of through-hole is equipped with including funnel-form fertilization mouth, the fertile chamber of spherical storage and side wall.The apparatus structure is simple, easy to use, and fertilization effect is good, environmentally friendly and time saving and energy saving, is highly suitable for applying on forest fertilization.

Description

A kind of forest fertilization device and its application
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of forestry, and in particular to a kind of forest fertilization device and its answering on forest fertilization With.
Background technique
The fertilising of forest is that arboriculture manages and protects an important link in work.Under prior art conditions, forest Fertilizing method is: in fertilizer directly to be discharged to the upper soll layer around trees ' root or is placed into the soil, however, existing woods There are the following problems for the wooden fertilizing method: first, fertilizer is carried out disposably via trees ' root in existing forest fertilization method It absorbs, thus causes the release of fertility excessively fierce, utilization rate of fertilizer is low.Second, easily being sent out since fertilizer is through rain-out Raw runoff pollution earth's surface and underground water source.Third, many fertilizer have volatility and residual, one side of fertilizer in upper soll layer Face can evaporate into atmosphere, thus cause secondary pollution to atmosphere, on the other hand can then remain in soil, cause dirt to soil Dye.Fourth, conventional hole is applied or ditch spread apply fertilizer every time and is both needed to excavate soil and makes fertilizer application root growth region, dig a hole or The workload of trench digging is very big.
In recent years, the cultivated area and scale of oil tea constantly expanded, and Growth of Camellia oleifera requires relatively high, root growth to rich water Become fertilizer with the water that significantly becomes, scientific and reasonable fertilization mode plays very big effect to tea-oil tree yield.Oil tea fertilising need to be seen Mountain fertilising sees tree fertilising, sees fertile fertilising, sees that season applies fertilizer, and to regard the fertilising of concrete condition matching species with the site.But current camellia oleifera lam is applied Fertile mode is carried out with above-mentioned traditional approach, low efficiency, and effect is poor.
Summary of the invention
The problem of for background technique, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of forest fertilization devices, existing to solve Having forest fertilization method to apply fertilizer, fertilizer efficiency is poor, easily causes water body, soil, atmosphere pollution, digs pit the problems such as time-consuming and laborious.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: including funnel-form fertilization mouth, The fertile chamber of spherical storage and side wall are equipped with the defeated fertile column of cylindrical shape of through-hole.
A kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: the funnel-form fertilization mouth includes pars infundibularis and pars infundibularis Top is fixedly connected and intilted eaves portion, and the periphery of eaves portion is equipped with support portion.
A kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: the defeated fertile column by the top of the inverted cone-shaped of upper end, it is hollow Cylindrical portion and lower part coniform bottom constitute;The top of cylinder is intracavitary positioned at spherical storage fertilizer, and the lower part of cylinder is stretched out It stores up fertile chamber and is located at the underface for storing up fertile chamber.
A kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: be equipped with fertilizer positioned at the defeated fertile column side wall stored up below fertile chamber Liquid stream is portalled, and is located at and is stored up the intracorporal defeated fertile column side wall of fertile chamber chamber equipped with solution inflow hole, the aperture of the solution tap hole Greater than the aperture of solution inflow hole.
A kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: the height of fertilizer apparatus is 35cm, in funnel-form fertilization mouth Diameter is 30cm, outer diameter 40cm;Store up the internal diameter 25cm, height 20cm of fertile chamber.
A kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: store up the solution stream on the intracorporal defeated fertile column side wall of fertile chamber chamber Enter hole and is located at 5cm or more above the fertile chamber of storage and defeated fertile column intersection.
The application that the forest fertilization device grows into forest in fertilising in oil tea.
The application that the forest fertilization device grows into forest in fertilising in oil tea, it is characterised in that application method are as follows: in oil tea The underface of crown canopy width extension uniformly takes 4, hole of fertilising, specification are as follows: then diameter 30cm, depth 30cm fill forest fertilization Organic fertilizer or slow-release fertilizer is added in fertilising hole, from fertilizer apparatus funnel-form fertilization mouth in placement location.
A kind of above-mentioned forest fertilization device, structure is simple, easy to use, is highly suitable for applying on forest fertilization.Make Used time, it is only necessary to once take cave, then the fertilizer apparatus is put into cave, can be applied fertilizer by the device, it will Fertilizer is applied from funnel-form fertilization mouth, and fertilizer enters under the effect of gravity and to be stored at spherical storage fertilizer intracavitary, in rainwater or Under conditions of irrigation, water is intracavitary from funnel-form fertilization mouth inflow storage fertilizer, and fertilizer is released slowly into water at this time, when storage fertilizer is intracavitary When water level is higher than solution inflow hole, solution just enters in cylindric defeated fertile column, then enters in soil from the outflow of solution tap hole. When fertilizer exhausts or requires supplementation with fertilizer, fertilizer is added from funnel-form fertilization mouth again, without taking again Cave, it is time saving and energy saving.Meanwhile the device can also be used to place the drug of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, have the function of preventing and treating pest and disease damage, It can be used for irrigation etc. multiple use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the section structure when present invention uses;
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram applied in camellia oleifera lam fertilising using the device of the invention;
In figure: 1- fertilization mouth;1-1- pars infundibularis;1-2- eaves portion;1-21 reinforcing rib;1-3- support portion;2- stores up fertile chamber;The defeated fertilizer of 3- Column;3-1- solution tap hole;3-2- solution inflow hole;4- fertilizer;The cave 5-;6- soil;7- trunk.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of forest fertilization device provided by the invention, including the defeated of funnel-form fertilization mouth 1, the fertile chamber 2 of spherical storage and cylindrical shape Fertile column 3(is shown in Fig. 1).The side wall of defeated fertilizer column 3 is equipped with the through-hole flowed out for liquid such as solutions, and the size of through-hole cannot with solid fertilizer Or it is difficult to by being advisable.
Funnel-form fertilization mouth 1 designed by the present invention includes pars infundibularis 1-1, is fixedly connected with pars infundibularis top and lean-in Oblique eaves portion 1-2, intilted eaves portion 1-2 expands the collection area of rainwater, and rainwater drops to after eaves portion 1-2 due to inclined-plane Effect flow through pars infundibularis 1-1 immediately, enter back into the fertile chamber 2 of storage.The periphery of eaves portion 1-2 is equipped with support portion 1-3, realizes the dress The upper end set is above ground level, avoids soil from entering under rainwash and stores up in fertile chamber.Eaves portion 1-2 is equipped with radially-arranged several Reinforcing rib 1-21.
Defeated fertilizer column 3 designed by the present invention, by the circular cone of the inverted cone-shaped top of upper end, hollow cylindrical portion and lower part Shape bottom is constituted;At the top of the inverted cone-shaped of the upper end and top of cylinder is located in spherical storage fertilizer chamber 2, the lower part of cylinder and circle Cone cell bottom is located at the underface stored up outside fertile chamber 2, it may be assumed that is fixedly connected in the middle part of cylinder with the bottom for storing up fertile chamber 2, is preferably integrated into Type can also be connected removably, and seam crossing sealing is water-tight.Preferably, the vertex at the top of inverted cone-shaped is best The slightly above lower end of bell mouth 1 or in the plane where bell mouth lower end surface, even if playing dry branches and fallen leaves falls into bell mouth It is interior but be not easily accessible in the fertile chamber 2 of storage, it can at least stop deadwood and the blade of larger area to enter storage fertilizer intracavitary.
In order to realize that rainwater can retain the more long time storing up in fertile chamber 2, so that fertilizer preferably dissolves, and keep storing up fertile chamber There is a wet environment in 2, is located at and stores up the intracorporal defeated fertile column 3 of 2 chamber of fertile chamber, be not that all areas on its side wall are all provided with It sets through-hole, but a bit of is not provided with through-hole, the position setting of usual through-hole store up on fertile chamber 2 and 3 intersection of defeated fertile column In the region for storing up fertile chamber 2 and defeated fertilizer 3 intersection 5cm of column or more.
Defeated fertilizer column 3 designed by the present invention is equipped with solution tap hole 3- positioned at defeated fertile 3 side wall of column for storing up fertile 2 lower section of chamber 1, it is located at and stores up intracorporal defeated fertile 3 side wall of column of 2 chamber of fertile chamber equipped with solution inflow hole 3-2, certainly, solution inflow hole 3-2 is preferably set It sets in the region for storing up fertile chamber 2 and defeated fertilizer 3 intersection 5cm of column or more.In order to make solution more swimmingly through solution tap hole 3-1 Outflow, the aperture of the solution tap hole 3-1 are greater than the aperture of solution inflow hole 3-2.
A kind of forest fertilization device provided by the invention, size can be determined according to actual needs, design Basic principle is that device height matches with the distribution of root system of plant, and solution is made to enter the depth absorbed most useful for root system i.e. It can.When being designed as following specification using wide: fertilizer apparatus height 35cm, 3 internal diameter of funnel-form fertilization mouth (C point to D point Distance is shown in Fig. 2) it is 30cm, outer diameter (A point is shown in Fig. 2 to the distance of B point) is 40cm;Store up the internal diameter 25cm of fertile chamber 2, height 20cm。
The present apparatus is ingenious in design, and structure is simple, easy to use, is highly suitable for applying on forest fertilization.In use, only needing To take cave before first time applies fertilizer, then the fertilizer apparatus is put into cave, can be applied fertilizer by the device.It applies When fertile, directly fertilizer is applied from funnel-form fertilization mouth 1, fertilizer enters under the effect of gravity and is stored at spherical storage fertilizer chamber 2 Interior, under conditions of rainwater or irrigation, water is flowed into from funnel-form fertilization mouth to be stored up in fertile chamber 2, and the nutrient at this time in fertilizer is slow It is discharged into water, forms solution, when storing up the water level in fertile chamber 2 higher than solution inflow hole 3-2, solution just enters the defeated of cylindrical shape In fertile column 3, then flows out and enter in soil from solution tap hole 3-1.When fertilizer exhausts or requires supplementation with fertilizer, again It is truly realized utilization for many years of once digging a hole, conveniently fastly from funnel-form fertilization mouth addition fertilizer without taking cave again A large amount of labour costs is saved in victory.In addition, fertilizer residue in the device can with recycling and reusing, by the device from It is extracted in soil, is then stood upside down and the fertilizer residue (type that such as boils together fertilizer) being stored in fertile chamber 2 is applied fertilizer through funnel-form Mouth 1, which is poured out to avoid remaining in returnable in soil, pollutes soil.Certainly, residual if it is decomposable organic fertilizer Slag can also directly pour into situ remediation in forest land.Furthermore the device can also be used to place the drug of the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, have The function of preventing and treating pest and disease damage can be used for irrigation etc. multiple use.
Embodiment 2
The application grown into forest in fertilising using the forest fertilization device in embodiment 1 in oil tea.Its application method are as follows: in oil tea hat width The underface of extension uniformly takes 4 fertilising holes 5, and oil tea trunk 7 is located at the center in 4 fertilising holes 5, the fertilising hole specification taken Are as follows: then forest fertilization device is placed in fertilising hole, from fertilizer apparatus funnel-form by diameter 30-35cm, depth 30-35cm Fertilization mouth is packed into fertilizer (see Fig. 2, Fig. 3).
2017, comparative test is done on oil tea grows into forest and applies fertilizer using the forest fertilization device in embodiment 1, and analyze Measure camellia oleifera lam soil nutrient content and oil tea fresh pod yield.If standard site two, test group: being pressed around every tea oil tree Fig. 3 takes 4, cave, and cave size is diameter 30-35cm, hole depth 30-35cm, the woods being then put into hole in embodiment 1 The wooden fertilizer apparatus, fertilizer are applied from the funnel-form fertilization mouth of the fertilizer apparatus;Control group: take around every tea oil tree by Fig. 3 4, cave, cave size are diameter 30-35cm, hole depth 30-35cm, do not use forest fertilization device, fertilizer, which directly applies, to be taken Cave in.Sample area is respectively set to 50m*60m, and isolation strip is arranged between test group and control group.Distinguish at January Organic fertilizer (chicken manure, it is decomposed and air-dried, the content of organic matter >=30.0%, pH value 7.6, main nutrient composition: organic matter 378.21 g·kg-1, complete 22.53 gkg of nitrogen-1, complete 15.79 gkg of phosphorus-1, complete 18.07 gkg of potassium-1), every plant 2.0 is public Jin;Apply slow-release compound fertilizer (Russian ROSSOSH compound fertilizer, granularity (2~4mm) >=90%, Main Nutrients respectively at April Content: total nutrient content >=45%, N fertilizer (N) >=15%, P fertilizer (P2O5) >=15%, K fertilizer (K2O >=15%), 1.2 kilograms every plant. In September, 2017, random in sample ground respectively to choose 9 plants of oil tea soil samplings, every plant of centre set at two fertilising acupuncture points is by diagonal line Two soil samples, depth selection 0-30cm are taken, the soil sample after two soil sample mixing as this plant of oil tea respectively obtains 9 Pedotheque, and soil nutrient data are measured, it the results are shown in Table 1.
1 experimental group of table and control group camellia oleifera lam soil nutrient situation table
Experimental group and control group oil tea forest land be in addition to soil pH value is not significantly different as shown in Table 1, organic matter, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, There are notable differences for the content of available phosphorus and available potassium.Experiments have shown that having fertilizer conservation effect using forest fertilization device, be conducive to fertilizer Material makes full use of and improves the effect of soil nutrient, improves the nutrients such as the soil organism, available phosphorus and available potassium of camellia oleifera lam Content.
After oil tea picking, investigation is compared to experimental group and control group fresh pod yield respectively, data are averaged, and are seen The following table 2.
2 experimental group of table and control group are averaged every plant of oil tea fresh pod yield contrast table
Fertilization mode Experimental group Control group Increase production %
Average product (kg) 16.87 13.68 23.32
As shown in Table 2, experimental group is than control group Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit volume increase 23.32%, experiments have shown that being had such as using forest fertilization device Down the utility model has the advantages that (1) fertilizer directly applies oil tea root system concentration zones, weeds root system is avoided, guarantees that fertilizer makes full use of, Er Qieneng Make fertilizer is more balanced more permanently to discharge, is conducive to the holding of soil fertility, while there is positive effect to tea-oil tree yield is improved; (2) it is applied fertilizer using the device and can avoid fertilizer by water erosion, protected environment, improve fertilizer utilization effect;(3) it avoids applying fertilizer every time It cuts the earth, earthing, labor intensity reduces significantly, reduces labour cost;(4) the fertile chamber lower part water storage of storage may be implemented in using the device, Fertilizer is dissolved in water simultaneously, while can be relieved arid;(5) oil tea well developed root system, for compact district, to be inhaled near crown mapping Root is received to be mainly distributed in 5~30 centimetres of soil layer.By uniformly taking 4 fertilisings in the underface that oil tea hat width projects extension Hole, fertilizer efficiency are good;(6) carry out foliage top dressing in high temperature, arid and rainy season, be easy to cause branch, the tip, leaf it is withered, or lose Fertilizer efficiency is gone or reduced, investment is wasted.When should not be applied fertilizer, this method is easy in time withdraw fertilizer;(7) same The applicable other tree species of the method for sample.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of forest fertilization device, it is characterised in that: set including funnel-form fertilization mouth (1), spherical storage fertilizer chamber (2) and side wall There is the defeated fertile column (3) of the cylindrical shape of through-hole.
2. a kind of forest fertilization device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the funnel-form fertilization mouth (1) includes Pars infundibularis (1-1) is fixedly connected and intilted eaves portion (1-2) with pars infundibularis top, and the periphery of eaves portion (1-2) is equipped with support Portion (1-3).
3. a kind of forest fertilization device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: defeated fertile column (3) the falling by upper end The coniform bottom at coniform top, hollow cylindrical portion and lower part is constituted;The top of cylinder is located at spherical storage fertilizer chamber (2) Interior, the lower part of cylinder, which is stretched out, stores up fertile chamber (2) and is located at the underface for storing up fertile chamber (2).
4. a kind of forest fertilization device according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: be located at the defeated fertilizer stored up below fertile chamber (2) Column (3) side wall is equipped with solution tap hole (3-1), is located at intracorporal defeated fertile column (3) side wall of fertile chamber (2) chamber of storage and is equipped with solution stream Enter hole (3-2), the aperture of the solution tap hole (3-1) is greater than the aperture of solution inflow hole (3-2).
5. a kind of forest fertilization device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the height of fertilizer apparatus is 35cm, leakage Bucket-shaped fertilization mouth (3) internal diameter is 30cm, outer diameter 40cm;Store up the internal diameter 25cm, height 20cm of fertile chamber (2).
6. a kind of forest fertilization device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the eaves portion (1-2) is equipped with radial point Several reinforcing ribs (1-21) of cloth.
7. a kind of forest fertilization device according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: store up the intracorporal defeated fertile column of fertile chamber (2) chamber (3) the solution inflow hole (3-2) on side wall is located at 5cm or more above the fertile chamber (2) of storage and defeated fertile column (3) intersection.
8. the application on forest fertilization device forest fertilization according to any one of claims 1-7.
9. the application that forest fertilization device according to any one of claims 1-7 grows into forest in fertilising in oil tea.
10. the application that forest fertilization device according to claim 8 grows into forest in fertilising in oil tea, it is characterised in that application side Method are as follows: uniformly take 4, hole of fertilising, specification in the underface of camellia oleifera lam hat width extension are as follows: diameter 30cm, depth 30cm, then Forest fertilization device is placed in fertilising hole, organic fertilizer or slow-release fertilizer is added from fertilizer apparatus funnel-form fertilization mouth.
CN201811252639.3A 2018-10-25 2018-10-25 Forest fertilizing device and application thereof Active CN109349075B (en)

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CN201100997Y (en) * 2007-10-31 2008-08-20 张勇 Sustained-seeping fertilizer feed device
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