CN109348914B - Root-guiding planting structure and water-retaining planting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a lead root planting structure and protect water planting device. The root-guiding planting structure comprises a waterproof base material, wherein the waterproof base material is of a plate-shaped structure and is used for bearing plants and a culture medium thereof; the waterproof substrate is provided with a root guiding area, the root guiding area is used for generating gaps under the rooting action of the plants so that the roots penetrate through the waterproof substrate, and one side, facing the plants, of the root guiding area is provided with a rough surface. Above-mentioned leading root planting structure has adopted waterproof substrate to avoid moisture and nutrient to run off to outside especially underground, and waterproof substrate can bear plant and culture medium on the one hand, and on the other hand can make the root pass waterproof substrate, consequently does not hinder the growth of root, has the effect of avoiding the fertile loss of water and soil to prevent water and fertilizer waste again, and the design on rough surface helps forming a large amount of unsmooth surfaces in slight environment, helps the root to pass waterproof substrate and reachs the external environment. Such a design is suitable for both customization and transplantation.

Description

Root-guiding planting structure and water-retaining planting device

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of plant cultivation, in particular to a root-guiding planting structure and a water-retaining planting device.

Background

In the growth process of plants, generally, plants absorb water, mineral substances and inorganic substances in soil through roots, then absorb carbon dioxide through leaves, then perform light action through sunlight, finally convert the nutrients into organic substances and store the organic substances in the plants, the organic substances are continuously converted and accumulated to enable plant cells to grow and divide, then the plants grow from small to large, and then blossom and fruit. Therefore, all the growth power of the plants comes from the nature, the soil only provides a substrate for the growth of the plants, and the nutrients in the soil and the carbon dioxide in the air and the sunlight are the root for the growth of the plants. Different plants will have some differences, but in any case, water and fertilizer effects are very critical.

In order to improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer, drip irrigation technology is widely adopted, and the drip irrigation is a water irrigation method for uniformly and slowly dripping water and nutrients required by crops into soil in a crop root zone through a pipeline system and an irrigation emitter arranged on a capillary according to the water requirement of the crops. The drip irrigation does not damage the soil structure, the water, fertilizer, gas and heat in the soil are always kept in good condition suitable for the growth of crops, the evaporation loss is small, no ground runoff is generated, and deep seepage is hardly caused, so that the drip irrigation is a water-saving irrigation mode. The drip irrigation is mainly characterized by small irrigation quantity, and the flow of the irrigator is 2-12 liters per hour, so that the one-time irrigation duration is longer, the irrigation period is short, and the small-water frequent irrigation can be realized; the required working pressure is low, the irrigation quantity can be accurately controlled, the ineffective evaporation between plants can be reduced, and the waste of water can not be caused; drip irrigation can also be managed automatically.

However, the planting environment is various, different problems can be met in different environments, and drip irrigation only solves the problem of saving water and fertilizer and cannot solve the problem of water and fertilizer loss. In some special environments, however, the serious leaching and volatilization environment often makes the agriculture and forestry production impossible. For example, in arid areas, water retention is difficult because the environment is dry and water and nutrients added to the land are lost and evaporated, so creating a large area of artificial environment that is fully suitable for plant growth is extremely costly. For example, similar problems exist in water-rich environments, such as water surface development and planting, and nutrients can be rapidly lost.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, a need exists for a root-guiding planting structure and a water-retaining planting device.

A root-guiding planting structure comprises a waterproof base material, wherein the waterproof base material is of a plate-shaped structure and is used for bearing plants and a culture medium thereof; the waterproof substrate is provided with a root guiding area, the root guiding area is used for generating gaps under the rooting action of the plants so that roots can penetrate through the waterproof substrate, and the side, facing the plants, of the root guiding area is provided with a rough surface.

Above-mentioned leading root planting structure has adopted waterproof substrate to avoid moisture and nutrient to run off to outside especially underground, and waterproof substrate can bear the weight of plant and culture medium on the one hand, and on the other hand can make the root pass waterproof substrate consequently does not hinder the growth of root, has the effect of avoiding the liquid manure to run off and preventing water and fertilizer waste again, and the design on rough surface helps forming a large amount of unsmooth surfaces in slight environment, helps the root to pass waterproof substrate arrival external environment. Such a design is suitable for both customization and transplantation.

Further, in one embodiment, the waterproof substrate is made of pre-expanded foam beads, wherein the pre-expanded foam beads comprise 90 to 40 volume percent of common foam beads and 10 to 60 volume percent of prefabricated foam beads, and the prefabricated foam beads are obtained by mixing the common foam beads with proper amounts of calcium magnesium phosphate powder, nano montmorillonite powder and/or humic acid powder. Further, in one embodiment, the proper amount is based on foam bead clumping; further, in one embodiment, the proper amount is based on an upper limit that allows the foam beads to clump together.

In one embodiment, the waterproof substrate is made of foamed plastic.

In one embodiment, the foam comprises polyurethane, polypropylene and/or polyethylene.

In one embodiment, the foaming ratio of the foam plastic is set according to the variety of the plant to form the root guiding area.

In one embodiment, the waterproof substrate is the root guide area.

In one embodiment, the side of the water repellent substrate facing the plant is all provided with the rough surface.

A water-retaining planting device comprises the root-guiding planting structure.

Above-mentioned planting device that keeps water has adopted the root-guiding planting structure who has waterproof substrate, avoids moisture and nutrient to run off outside especially underground, and waterproof substrate can bear plant and culture medium on the one hand, and on the other hand can make the root pass waterproof substrate, consequently does not hinder the growth of root, has the effect of avoiding the fertile loss of water and fertilizer to prevent water and fertilizer extravagant again, and the design on rough surface helps forming a large amount of unevenness surfaces in slight environment, helps the root to pass waterproof substrate and reachs external environment. Such a design is suitable for both customization and transplantation.

In one embodiment, the water-retaining planting device is further provided with an enclosing frame structure, the root guiding planting structure is arranged at the bottom of the enclosing frame structure, and the root guiding planting structure and the enclosing frame structure form an uncovered empty box body together.

In one embodiment, the enclosure frame structure is formed by enclosing water-resisting baffles; the water-retaining planting device is also provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate is covered on the top of the enclosing frame structure.

In one embodiment, the bottom of the enclosure frame structure is further provided with a bearing part, and the root guiding planting structure is arranged on the bearing part.

In one of them embodiment, enclose the bottom below of frame structure and still extend and be equipped with guarantor's water district, guarantor's water district's lateral wall upper portion has seted up the overflow hole.

In one embodiment, the bottom of the enclosing frame structure is further provided with a bearing part, and the root guiding planting structure is arranged on the bearing part; just enclose the bottom below of frame structure and still extend and be equipped with guarantor's water district, the overflow hole has been seted up on the lateral wall upper portion in guarantor's water district.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram of actual planting effects according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of the actual effect of planting according to another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of embodiments in many different forms than those described herein and that modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application and it is therefore not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

One embodiment of the application is a root-guiding planting structure, which comprises a waterproof substrate, wherein the waterproof substrate is of a plate-shaped structure and is used for bearing a plant and a culture medium thereof; the waterproof substrate is provided with a root guiding area, the root guiding area is used for generating gaps under the rooting action of the plants so that roots can penetrate through the waterproof substrate, and the side, facing the plants, of the root guiding area is provided with a rough surface. Above-mentioned leading root planting structure has adopted waterproof substrate to avoid moisture and nutrient to run off to outside especially underground, and waterproof substrate can bear the weight of plant and culture medium on the one hand, and on the other hand can make the root pass waterproof substrate consequently does not hinder the growth of root, has the effect of avoiding the liquid manure to run off and preventing water and fertilizer waste again, and the design on rough surface helps forming a large amount of unsmooth surfaces in slight environment, helps the root to pass waterproof substrate arrival external environment. Such a design is suitable for both customization and transplantation.

No matter in severe living environment or superior growing environment, the growth of plant roots is very important in an environment capable of preserving water and fertilizer, the loss and volatilization of nutrients and water generally become a limiting factor of agricultural planting, the serious loss and volatilization environment can prevent the agriculture and forestry production from being carried out, even if the environment is rich in water resources, such as water surface development and planting, similar problems also exist, the nutrients are extremely easy to lose, too many nutrient components need to be absorbed and removed by plants, meanwhile, fertilization is also needed, and the nutrition of the water environment cannot meet the demand of the plants completely. This requires an isolated planting environment. If the planting environment is completely open to the outside environment, the planting environment needs to absorb water, nutrients and the like outside the environment. The perfect matching of the embodiments of the application and the drip irrigation technology can even realize the zero-loss drip irrigation effect. In one embodiment, the waterproof substrate is provided with a root guide layer and the root guide layer is used as the root guide area. In one embodiment, the waterproof substrate or the root guide layer is made of foamed plastic. To ensure safety, in one embodiment, the foam comprises polyurethane, polypropylene and/or polyethylene. Therefore, the root-guiding planting structure and the waterproof substrate thereof are non-toxic and harmless, and do not endanger biological safety. In one embodiment, the foaming ratio of the foam plastic is set according to the variety of the plant to form the root guiding area. Generally, in order to promote the plant to root and break through the waterproof substrate, the foaming ratio is high, so that the waterproof substrate is easy to break through by a root system, the foaming ratio is the proportion of the foam beads to the volume of the finished foam plastic product, which is increased compared with the volume of the raw material particles, but the strength of the waterproof substrate is affected when the foaming ratio is too high, so that the balance is required to be found in the aspects of meeting the strength requirement of the plant and the culture medium thereof and meeting the use requirement which is easy to break through by the root system, the balance is the selection of the foaming ratio, and generally, the foaming ratio of the foam plastic is set according to the variety of the plant, so that the root system of the plant can pass through the root.

In order to improve the bearing strength of the waterproof substrate to bear more plants and the cultivation substrates thereof, further, in one embodiment, the waterproof substrate is further provided with a bearing layer, the bearing layer is arranged above or below the root guide layer, and the bearing layer is provided with a large number of gaps for the roots of the plants to pass through; that is, the load-bearing layer is not waterproof, and it mainly functions to bear load. In one embodiment, the waterproof substrate is provided with two bearing layers, and the root guide layer is positioned between the two bearing layers. In one embodiment, the load-bearing layer is a frame support structure, such as a plastic frame or a wood frame or a metal frame, preferably a plastic frame, which is different from foam and has a high support strength at a low thickness. In one embodiment, the carrier layer is a plastic sheet having a ribbed structure with a plurality of perforations therein. By the design, the thickness of the waterproof base material can be greatly reduced on the premise of ensuring the bearing strength, particularly the thickness of the waterproof base material used at the bottom, and the waterproof base material or the root guide layer prepared by adopting the pre-foamed foam beads only needs one layer to realize the water-resisting and root-penetrating effect.

Rooting, which refers to the growing root system of a plant, the developing root system, or the beginning of a rooted seedling. In order to promote the plant to root and break through the waterproof substrate, further, in one embodiment, the waterproof substrate or the root guide layer is made of pre-expanded foam beads, wherein the pre-expanded foam beads comprise 90-40% of common foam beads in volume ratio and 10-60% of prefabricated foam beads in volume ratio, and the prefabricated foam beads are obtained by mixing proper amounts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus powder, nano montmorillonite powder and/or humic acid powder with the common foam beads. In one embodiment, the pre-expanded foam beads comprise 90% by volume of ordinary foam beads and 10% by volume of pre-expanded foam beads, i.e., the pre-expanded foam beads comprise 90% by volume of ordinary foam beads and 10% by volume of pre-expanded foam beads. In one embodiment, the pre-expanded foam beads include 40% by volume of ordinary foam beads and 60% by volume of preformed foam beads. In one embodiment, the pre-expanded foam beads include 84% by volume of ordinary foam beads and 16% by volume of preformed foam beads. In one embodiment, the pre-expanded foam beads include 60% by volume of ordinary foam beads and 40% to 60% by volume of preformed foam beads. In one embodiment, the pre-expanded foam beads include 70% by volume of ordinary foam beads and 30% by volume of preformed foam beads. The rest of the examples are analogized. In one embodiment, the waterproof substrate or the root guide layer is prepared by using pre-foamed foam beads and a frame support structure together. Further, in one embodiment, the proper amount is based on foam bead clumping; further, in one embodiment, the proper amount is based on the condition that the upper limit of the amount can enable the foam beads to be agglomerated, that is, the more the amount of the calcium-magnesium-phosphorus powder, the nano-montmorillonite powder and/or the humic acid powder, the better the amount is, as long as the foam beads can be agglomerated. The design is helpful for the plant to root and obtain additional nutrient support when the root system breaks through the root guide area, one example is shown in figure 1, and the more clear example is shown in figure 2, all of which have positive effects in tests, and the feasibility of the root guide planting structure and the water-retaining planting device of the embodiments of the application is proved.

Further, in one embodiment, a large number of hollow chambers are arranged inside the root guiding layer, namely the root guiding area; thus, on one hand, the weight of the root guiding planting structure can be reduced, and on the other hand, the root system can be facilitated to pass through the root guiding area; in one embodiment, the volume of the hollow chamber is 0.01 to 0.05 cubic centimeters. The hollow chamber is not too large so as to avoid affecting the bearing capacity of the structure, and the hollow chamber is not too small; in one embodiment, each of the hollow chambers is uniformly distributed. In one embodiment, each of the hollow chambers is manufactured by a gas injection process, i.e., the injected gas forms a large number of small bubbles, which is a process designed for forming the hollow chambers. Further, in one embodiment, the hollow chamber is filled with coated particle compound biological fertilizer, humic acid and/or rooting fertilizer and the like; therefore, fertilizer nutrients can be better provided, and the nutrients are sealed in the hollow cavity, particularly the coated particle composite biological fertilizer has longer shelf life and is beneficial to root system development. However, it is difficult to implement landfill of fertilizer during mass production of waterproof base materials, and a common practice is to perform batch treatment during production, i.e., when a cultivation substrate such as foundation soil is filled, in one embodiment, a special tool is used to realize that a large number of hollow chambers are opened in a root guide area and fertilizers such as coated granular compound bio-fertilizer, humic acid and/or rooting fertilizer are filled in the root guide area. One side of the special tool is in a plate shape and is provided with protruding pin rows or array pins, and the length of the pins is about 33.33 to 50 percent of the thickness of the root guide area; the needle head is expanded and provided with a concave part, when in use, fertilizer is scattered, the root guiding area is turned over and covered, then a special tool and the root guiding area are turned over together, and the needle can be slightly forced, so that the needle cannot puncture the root guiding area due to short length.

In arid regions, water retention is difficult because the environment is dry and water and nutrients added to the soil are lost and evaporated. The cost of creating complete artificial environment is high, adopts root-guiding planting structure to make the planting device that keeps water, and convenient and drip irrigation technique integration can accomplish minimum cost, best effect, and is open totally to the environment moreover, and water and nutrition in the environment can be absorbed as usual. Firstly, the materials are selected from various foams which are non-toxic and harmless and do not endanger biological safety, the polyethylene rigid foam is usually selected, and the flexible foam and semi-rigid (or semi-flexible) foam can also be used, and the common foam is polyurethane, polypropylene, polyethylene and the like. And the foaming multiplying power is high, and the multiplying power coefficient is different due to different crop varieties. In one embodiment, one third of the foamed beads are surface treated with calcium magnesium phosphate and nano montmorillonite powder. And a surface roughening treatment is performed, for example, by a dicing method to form a relatively rough surface.

In one embodiment, the waterproof substrate is the root guide area. This can simplify the production process. Or, further, in one embodiment, the waterproof substrate has a frame, and the root guide area is accommodated in the frame; such design, the root planting structure is led in easily installing on the one hand, and on the other hand also is favorable to promoting the installation intensity for waterproof substrate bearing effect is better. Further, in one embodiment, the waterproof substrate has a frame, and a bearing layer, a root guide layer and another bearing layer are sequentially arranged in the frame; such design, the root planting structure is led in easily installing on the one hand, and on the other hand also is favorable to promoting the installation intensity for waterproof substrate bearing effect is better, can form one again on the one hand can overall structure pack, transport and use, and is very convenient.

In one embodiment, the side of the water repellent substrate facing the plant is all provided with the rough surface. The rough surface design helps to create a large number of uneven surfaces in the delicate environment, helping the roots to penetrate the waterproof substrate to the external environment. Further, in one embodiment, the rough surface has regularly distributed protrusions and/or the rough surface has regularly distributed pits. Further, in one embodiment, the rough surface has randomly distributed protrusions and/or the rough surface has randomly distributed pits. In one embodiment, for the design of the waterproof substrate or the root guide area of the foam plastic, it is easy to implement the pits, and only the prefabricated relief plate is used for pressing once, or a few times, so that the rough surface forms a large number of microscopic uneven structures, and the root guide area of the waterproof substrate is easy to break through.

In one embodiment, a water-retaining planting device comprises the root-guiding planting structure of any one of the above embodiments. Above-mentioned planting device that keeps water has adopted the root-guiding planting structure who has waterproof substrate, avoids moisture and nutrient to run off outside especially underground, and waterproof substrate can bear plant and culture medium on the one hand, and on the other hand can make the root pass waterproof substrate, consequently does not hinder the growth of root, has the effect of avoiding the fertile loss of water and fertilizer to prevent water and fertilizer extravagant again, and the design on rough surface helps forming a large amount of unevenness surfaces in slight environment, helps the root to pass waterproof substrate and reachs external environment. Such a design is suitable for both customization and transplantation.

In one embodiment, the water-retaining planting device is further provided with an enclosing frame structure, the root guiding planting structure is arranged at the bottom of the enclosing frame structure, and the root guiding planting structure and the enclosing frame structure form an uncovered empty box body together. Therefore, the cultivation substrate such as cultivation soil and the like can be directly filled into the cultivation substrate, and then the plants can be cultivated in the modes of sowing, seedling transplanting, cuttage and the like. In one embodiment, the enclosure frame structure is formed by enclosing water-resisting baffles; therefore, the method has better effect of preventing water and nutrient loss in small environment. In one embodiment, the surrounding frame structure and the root-guiding planting structure are integrally formed, and the thickness of the surrounding frame structure is smaller than that of the root-guiding planting structure; or (c). In one embodiment, the enclosing frame structure and the waterproof substrate are integrally formed, and the thickness of the enclosing frame structure is smaller than that of the waterproof substrate; or enclose the frame structure with lead root region integrated into one piece setting, just enclose the thickness of frame structure and be less than lead root region, can save the process like this, quick manufacturing to practice thrift and enclose the consumptive material of frame structure.

In order to better retain moisture, in one embodiment, the enclosure frame structure is formed by enclosing a water-resisting baffle; the water-retaining planting device is also provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate is covered on the top of the enclosing frame structure. This prevents evaporation of water. Further, in one embodiment, the cover plate is provided with through holes for penetrating the plants, such as stems and leaves of the plants, to the external environment. Further, the through hole is an expandable hole and is used for adapting to the growth of plants; further, in one embodiment, the cover plate is provided with a thinning layer at the edge part of the through hole, and the thinning layer is used for being broken by force during the plant growth or being broken by force of a grower so that the plant can easily penetrate through the through hole. By adopting the design, a sealing system can be formed, and the moisture is prevented from evaporating from the upper part of the culture substrate; can also adapt to the growth of plants without causing obstruction. In one embodiment, the cover plate is generally provided separately, the surrounding frame structure is generally formed integrally with the root guide area to form a uncovered hollow box body, and the cover plate is used in cooperation with the uncovered hollow box body, and a film can be laid if the cover plate is not used.

In order to improve the production efficiency, further, in one embodiment, the water-retaining planting device is a hollow box body integrally formed by the root-guiding planting structure. When in use, the seedling transplanting machine can puncture the top for transplanting or sowing. In one embodiment, the water-retaining planting device is a hollow box body integrally formed by the root-guiding planting structure, the thickness of the box bottom is larger than that of the box wall, and the thickness of the box wall is larger than that of the box top. By the design, on one hand, materials are saved, and the material cost is reduced; on the other hand, the production efficiency is improved, and a large amount of qualified water-retaining planting devices can be rapidly produced and provided for customers; on the other hand, the technical effects of water retention and fertilizer retention can be achieved. When the drip irrigation system is used, the drip irrigation system can be poked into the box body from the box wall or the box top. A more practical embodiment is that the water-retaining planting device is a hollow box body integrally formed with the root-guiding planting structure.

Further, in one embodiment, the water-retaining planting device is further provided with a frame pipe, the frame pipe is fixed on the wall part or the top part of the enclosing frame structure, and the frame pipe is provided with an input end positioned outside the enclosing frame structure, and the input end is used for being connected with an external drip irrigation system; the frame pipe body is also provided with a pipeline structure communicated with the input end, and the pipeline structure is used for conveying drip irrigation liquid from the drip irrigation system and comprises water and/or fertilizer liquid; the pipeline structure is provided with at least one drip irrigation opening which is lower than the top of the surrounding frame structure and is 1-3 cm lower than the sowing depth or the seedling raising depth. The size of the drip irrigation opening is designed according to the conventional underground drip irrigation mode, and the drip irrigation opening is not required to be too small to avoid blockage. Further, in one embodiment, the pipe structure is provided with a unidirectional film or a filter screen at the drip irrigation opening to prevent soil particles from blocking the drip irrigation opening. In one embodiment, the pipeline structure is provided with a plurality of drip irrigation openings; further, in one embodiment, each drip irrigation opening is arranged corresponding to a sowing position or a seedling raising position. That is, how many drip irrigation openings are designed for as many seedlings are expected, or how many drip irrigation openings are designed for as many seedlings are expected. This ensures that each plant is supplied with an accurate drip irrigation, including water and fertilizer, etc.

In consideration of the possibility that trace moisture may flow out along with the root system, in one embodiment, the bottom of the enclosing frame structure is further provided with a bearing part, and the root-guiding planting structure is arranged on the bearing part. In one of them embodiment, enclose the bottom below of frame structure and still extend and be equipped with guarantor's water district, guarantor's water district's lateral wall upper portion has seted up the overflow hole. In one embodiment, the bottom of the enclosing frame structure is further provided with a bearing part, and the root guiding planting structure is arranged on the bearing part; just enclose the bottom below of frame structure and still extend and be equipped with guarantor's water district, the overflow hole has been seted up on the lateral wall upper portion in guarantor's water district. In one embodiment, the bottom of the water-retaining planting device is a water-retaining area made of waterproof materials, the upper part of the side wall of the water-retaining area is provided with overflow holes so as to prevent roots from being flooded, the overflow holes are generally small, the aperture is smaller than 2-3 cm, and the roots are easily blocked if the overflow holes are too small; the top of protecting water the district is the bottom of enclosing the frame structure, and the bottom department of enclosing the frame structure is equipped with waterproof substrate, encloses the frame structure and also makes with waterproof material, and the top of protecting water planting device is the apron, and the design like this can keep nutrient and moisture, is particularly suitable for being applied to arid area, and inner mongolia has already flowed 1200 ten thousand mu deserts, waits urgently to protect water planting technique to administer desertification, and each embodiment of this application is particularly suitable for being applied to these areas; it is also suitable for water planting to retain nutrients. And this guarantor's water planting device is particularly suitable for cooperation drip irrigation system and uses, can reach under the perfect condition that drip is not leaked, and the root system is free growth.

It should be noted that, other embodiments of the present application also include a root-guiding planting structure and a water-retaining planting device, which are formed by combining technical features of the above embodiments, and can be implemented, and both direct planting and transplantation after cultivation are very convenient.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A root-guiding planting structure is characterized by comprising a waterproof base material, wherein the waterproof base material is of a plate-shaped structure and is used for bearing plants and a culture medium thereof;

the waterproof substrate is provided with a root guiding area, the root guiding area is used for generating gaps under the rooting action of the plants so that roots can penetrate through the waterproof substrate, and one side, facing the plants, of the root guiding area is provided with a rough surface;

the waterproof base material is prepared from pre-foamed foam beads, the pre-foamed foam beads comprise common foam beads with the volume ratio of 90-40% and prefabricated foam beads with the volume ratio of 10-60%, and the prefabricated foam beads are obtained by mixing appropriate amounts of calcium-magnesium-phosphorus powder, nano montmorillonite powder and/or humic acid powder with the common foam beads; the proper amount is based on the condition that the upper limit of the proper amount can enable the foam beads to be agglomerated and is used for enabling the waterproof substrate to be broken through by a root system.

2. The root-guiding planting structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waterproof substrate is provided with a root-guiding layer and the root-guiding layer is used as the root-guiding area; the waterproof substrate is also provided with a bearing layer, the bearing layer is arranged above or below the root guide layer, and the bearing layer is provided with a large number of gaps so as to allow the root system of the plant to pass through.

3. The guide root planting structure of claim 2, wherein the waterproof substrate is provided with two bearing layers, and the guide root layer is positioned between the two bearing layers.

4. The root-guiding planting structure of claim 3, wherein the bearing layer is a frame support structure; alternatively, the carrier layer is a plastic sheet having a ribbed structure with a plurality of perforations therein.

5. The root-guiding planting structure of claim 1, wherein the waterproof substrate is the root-guiding area in its entirety.

6. The root-guiding planting structure of claim 4, wherein the side of the waterproof substrate facing the plant is provided with the rough surface throughout.

7. A water retaining planting apparatus comprising the root-guiding planting structure of any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The water-retaining planting device according to claim 7, wherein the water-retaining planting device is further provided with an enclosing frame structure, the root guiding planting structure is arranged at the bottom of the enclosing frame structure, and the root guiding planting structure and the enclosing frame structure together form an uncovered empty box body.

9. The water-retaining planting device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the enclosure frame structure is formed by enclosing water-proof baffles; the water-retaining planting device is also provided with a cover plate, and the cover plate is covered on the top of the enclosing frame structure.

10. The water-retaining planting device according to claim 9, wherein a bearing portion is further provided at the bottom of the surrounding frame structure, and the root-guiding planting structure is provided on the bearing portion; or, enclose the bottom below of frame structure and still extend and be equipped with guarantor's water district, the overflow hole has been seted up on the lateral wall upper portion in guarantor's water district.

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