CN109336782A - 一种芴类衍生物及其有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents

一种芴类衍生物及其有机电致发光器件 Download PDF

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CN109336782A
CN109336782A CN201811118231.7A CN201811118231A CN109336782A CN 109336782 A CN109336782 A CN 109336782A CN 201811118231 A CN201811118231 A CN 201811118231A CN 109336782 A CN109336782 A CN 109336782A
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董秀芹
蔡辉
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Changchun Haipurunsi Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种芴类衍生物及其有机电致发光器件,涉及有机光电材料技术领域。本发明在芴主体结构一侧经双键连接强吸电子基团,一侧连接三亚苯结构形成一种芴类衍生物,其具有良好的电子传输能力及空穴传输能力,可有效提高发光层中载流子的注入量和激子复合率,且热稳定性好,成膜性好,合成简单易操作,其可应用于有机电致发光器件中作为发光层主体和/或空穴阻挡层,可有效解决有机发光器件中载流子传输不平衡、发光效率低、寿命短、光色不稳定的问题,其有机电致发光器件具有驱动电压低、发光效率高、寿命长的优点。

Description

一种芴类衍生物及其有机电致发光器件
技术领域
本发明涉及有机光电材料技术领域,尤其涉及一种芴类衍生物及其有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
有机电致发光器件(OLED)作为一种新兴的平面面板显示,其具有自发光、视角宽、全固化、全彩化、反应速度快、高亮度、低驱动电压、厚度薄、质量轻、可制作大尺寸与弯曲面板等特点,近年来,OLED在显示器市场得到了越来越多的应用,成为目前最具潜力的面板显示技术。
经典的有机电致发光器件其结构为三明治结构,一般包括阴极、阳极及处于两者之间的有机物层。其有机物层大致可包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层、电子传输层、电子注入层中的一种或多种,其中电子注入层、电子传输层,空穴注入层及空穴传输层其作用主要是平衡载流子注入,使得电子与空穴在发光层有效结合形成激子,进而发光,提高发光效率。发光层一般包括主体材料和客体掺杂材料,其主要是用来实现电子和空穴的复合,从而实现发光,其中主体材料的三线态能级必须高于客体的三线态能级,这样才能保证主体材料向客体材料的能量传递,客体材料没有能量回传给主体材料。
总体来看,未来OLED的方向是发展高效率、高亮度、长寿命、低成本的白光器件和全彩色显示器件,但该技术的产业化进程仍面临许多关键问题,其中,在一般的OLED器件中,由于大多数OLED传输材料中,空穴比电子有更好的传输性能,造成发光层中空穴的量多于电子的量,从而导致激子的复合几率降低,器件的发光效率降低。此外,由于发光层中空穴传输的量多于电子传输的量,空穴会继续向阴极侧传输,造成发光区域的偏移,导致器件光色不稳定、局部能量积聚、材料恶化加剧,最终导致器件的效率滚降严重,寿命缩短严重。因此如何调节载流子注入平衡,提高器件发光效率、使用寿命及光色稳定性成为亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种芴类衍生物及其有机电致发光器件,本发明提供的芴类衍生物具有良好的电子传输能力和空穴传输能力,且电子传输能力得到加强,可有效平衡载流子注入及复合几率,热稳定性好,成膜性好,合成方法简单易操作,使用该芴类衍生物制备的有机电致发光器件具有良好的发光效率和寿命表现。
本发明提供了一种芴类衍生物,其分子结构通式如化学式Ⅰ所示:
其中,R1选自氰基、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基,取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种,所述取代基选自卤素原子、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种或几种;L选自单键、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种;R2选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种;R3选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、取代或未取代的C1~C30烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C60芳基,取代或未取代的C3~C60杂芳基中的任意一种。
优选的,L选自单键或如下所示基团中的任意一种:
其中,X选自CR4R5、O、S、NR6中的任意一种;R4、R5独立地选自H、取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C18芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C18杂芳基中的任意一种,R4、R5不同时为H,R4、R5可连接成环;R6选自取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C18芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C18杂芳基中的任意一种。
优选的,R2、R3独立地选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、仲丁基、取代或未取代的如下基团:苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、吖啶基、芴基、咔唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、吲哚基、氮杂咔唑基中的任意一种。
再优选,R1选自氰基或如下基团中的任意一种:
其中X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6、X7、X8、X9独立地选自卤素、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种。
最优选,本发明所述的芴类衍生物选自如下所示化学结构中的任意一种:
再优选,R1选自氰基或如下基团中的任意一种:
其中X10、X11、X12、X13独立地选自卤素、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种。
最优选,本发明所述芴类衍生物选自如下所示化学结构中的任意一种:
本发明还提供了一种有机电致发光器件,所述有机电致发光器件包括阴极、阳极和置于所述两电极之间的一个或多个有机物层,所述的有机物层含有本发明所述的芴类衍生物。
优选的,本发明所述有机物层包括空穴阻挡层,空穴阻挡层中含有本发明所述的任一种芴类衍生物。
优选的,本发明所述有机物层所述有机物层包括发光层,发光层包括主体和掺杂客体,发光层主体中含有本发明所述的任一种芴类衍生物。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明提供一种芴类衍生物及其有机电致发光器件。本发明在芴主体结构上通过双键连接强吸电子基团,一侧连接取代或未取代的三亚苯结构,从而得到本发明所述的芴类衍生物。
芴主体结构本身具有较高的三线态能级,兼具空穴和电子传输能力,在其9位通过双键连接强吸电子基团,对其结构进行修饰,使其具有较强的吸电子能力,在此基础上直接连接或通过芳基等共轭结构与三亚苯相连,形成较大的共轭体系,其兼具空穴和电子传输能力,且电子传输能力得到增强,利于电子和空穴的传输及复合。
本发明所述的芴类衍生物具有较大的共轭体系,结构刚性大,使电荷更加分散,提高了材料的稳定性;且其分子量增加,既提高了玻璃化温度,使其不易结晶,又降低了分子的共平面性,易于成膜。
本发明所述的芴类衍生物具有良好的电子传输能力和空穴传输能力,可应用于有机电致发光器件中作为发光层主体材料和/或空穴阻挡层,可有效提高发光层中电子的注入量、空穴和电子的复合几率、以及减少空穴向阴极侧的逸散量,从而提高器件的发光效率,减少由于空穴向阴极侧传输引起的能量积聚,进而提高器件的使用寿命及光色稳定性。采用本发明所述芴类衍生物制备的有机电致发光器件具有良好的发光效率和寿命表现。
本发明所述芴类衍生物制备方法简单,原料易得,能够满足工业化需求。
具体实施方式:
下面将结合本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明所述芳基是指芳烃分子的芳核碳上去掉一个氢原子后,剩下一价基团的总称,其可以为单环芳基或稠环芳基,实例可包括苯基、联苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基或芘基等,但不限于此。
本发明所述杂芳基是由碳和杂原子构成的芳杂环的核碳上去掉一个氢原子,剩下一价基团的总称,所述杂原子包括但不限于氧、硫、氮原子,所述杂芳基可以为单环杂芳基或稠环杂芳基,实施例可包括咔唑基、吖啶基、苯并噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咔唑基等,但不限于此。
本发明提供了一种芴类衍生物,其分子结构通式如化学式Ⅰ所示:
其中,R1选自氰基、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基,取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种,所述取代基选自卤素原子、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种或几种;L选自单键、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种;R2选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种;R3选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、取代或未取代的C1~C30烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C60芳基,取代或未取代的C3~C60杂芳基中的任意一种。
按照本发明,所述取代的烷基、取代的芳基、取代的杂芳基,其中所述取代基独立地选自氘、氰基、卤素、三氟甲基、C1-C10烷基、C6-C24芳基或C3-C24杂芳基,优选为F原子、Cl原子、氰基、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、叔丁基、苯基、萘基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基中的任意一种。
优选的,L选自单键或如下所示基团中的任意一种:
其中,X选自CR4R5、O、S、NR6中的任意一种;R4、R5独立地选自H、取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C18芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C18杂芳基中的任意一种,R4、R5不同时为H,R4、R5可连接成环;R6选自取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C18芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C18杂芳基中的任意一种。
优选的,R2、R3独立地选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、仲丁基、取代或未取代的如下基团:苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、吖啶基、芴基、咔唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、吲哚基、氮杂咔唑基中的任意一种。
再优选,R1选自氰基或如下基团中的任意一种:
其中X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6、X7、X8、X9独立地选自卤素、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种。
最优选,作为举例,没有特别限定,本发明所述的一种芴类衍生物选自如下所示化学结构中的任意一种:
再优选,R1选自氰基或如下基团中的任意一种:
其中X10、X11、X12、X13独立地选自卤素、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种。
最优选,作为举例,没有特别限定,本发明所述的一种芴类衍生物选自如下所示化学结构中的任意一种:
本发明所述的芴类衍生物通过如下合成路线得到:
本发明所述的芴类衍生物通过如下步骤得到:
1、原料a-1,a-2、以DMF为溶剂、碳酸钾为碱,得到中间体b-1;
2、中间体b-1,加入乙酸、硫酸反应得到中间体b-2;
3、原料a-3、a-4,以Pd(PPh3)4为催化剂、K2CO3为碱,反应得到中间体b-3;
4、中间体b-3,以正丁基锂为碱,加入硼酸三甲酯,反应得到中间体b-4;
5、原料a-5、中间体b-4,以Pd(PPh3)4为催化剂、K2CO3为碱,反应得到中间体b-5;
5、中间体b-5,以正丁基锂为碱,加入硼酸三甲酯,反应得到中间体b-6;
6、原料a-5、丙二腈,以DMF为溶剂,反应得到中间体b-7-1;原料a-5、中间体b-2、乙醇钾、溶解于乙醇溶液中反应得到中间体b-7-2;
7、中间体b-7-2(或b-7-1)、原料a-6,以Pd(PPh3)4为催化剂、K2CO3为碱,反应得到中间体b-8;
8、中间体b-8、b-6,以Pd(PPh3)4为催化剂、K2CO3为碱,反应得到化合物Ⅰ。
本发明对上述反应没有特殊的限制,采用本领域技术人员所熟知的常规反应即可,该制备方法简单,易于操作。
本发明还提供了一种有机电致发光器件,所述有机电致发光器件包括阴极、阳极和置于所述两电极之间的一个或多个有机物层,所述的有机物层含有本发明所述的芴类衍生物。
本发明所述的有机物层选自空穴注入层、空穴传输层、发光层(发光主体掺杂客体形式或单一物质形式作为发光层)、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层中的至少一种。
优选的,所述有机物层包括空穴阻挡层,空穴阻挡层中含有本发明所述的任一种芴类衍生物。
优选的,所述有机物层发光层,发光层包括主体和掺杂客体,发光层主体中含有本发明所述的任一种芴类衍生物。
发光层主体可以是仅含有本发明所述的芴类衍生物的单一物质,也可以是本发明所述芴类衍生物的混合物,或者是本发明所述芴类衍生物与其他化合物的混合物。
本发明所述的有机电致发光器件其结构优选为:基板/阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/发光层/空穴阻挡层/电子传输层/电子注入层/阴极。然而,有机电致发光器件的结构不限于此。本发明所述的有机电致发光器件可根据器件参数要求及材料的特性进行选择及组合,也可增加或省略部分有机层。
本发明所述的有机电致发光器件结构再优选为:ITO作为透明阳极;2-TNATA作为空穴注入层;NPB作为空穴传输层;CBP、本发明的芴类衍生物、本发明芴类衍生物的混合物或本发明芴类衍生物与其他化合物的混合物/Ir(ppy)3作为发光层物质;本发明的芴类衍生物作为空穴阻挡层;Alq3作为电子传输层;LiF用作电子注入层;Al用作阴极。
本发明所述的芴类衍生物用作空穴阻挡层,用以制造有以下相同构造的有机电致发光器件:
ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/CBP:Ir(ppy)3/本发明所述的芴类衍生物/Alq3/LiF/Al。
本发明所述的芴类衍生物用作发光层主体,用以制造有以下相同构造的有机电致发光器件:
ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/本发明所述的芴类衍生物、本发明芴类衍生物的混合物或本发明芴类衍生物与其他化合物的混合物:Ir(ppy)3/BAlq/Alq3/LiF/Al。
本发明所述的芴类衍生物用作空穴阻挡材料和发光层主体,用以制造有以下相同构造的有机电致发光器件:
ITO/2-TNATA/NPB/本发明所述的芴类衍生物、本发明芴类衍生物的混合物或本发明芴类衍生物与其他化合物的混合物:Ir(ppy)3/本发明所述的芴类衍生物/Alq3/LiF/Al。
本发明所述有机电致发光器件可广泛应用于面板显示、照明光源、柔性OLED、电子纸、有机感光体或有机薄膜晶体管、指示牌、信号灯等领域。
[实施例1]化合物A-1的合成
Step1:氮气保护下,向反应器中加入化合物2-溴-9-芴酮(2.59g,10mmol)完全溶解在50mL DMF溶液中,常温下搅拌,后加入丙二腈(0.79g,12mmol),常温下搅拌反应1h,反应结束后加入去离子水停止反应,搅拌10min,过滤得到沉淀物,将沉淀物用乙酸乙酯稀释,无水MgSO4干燥,过滤、浓缩,过硅胶柱层析得到中间体A-1-1(1.66g,54%)。
Step2:氮气条件下,向反应器中加入中间体A-1-1(3.07g,10mmol)、三亚苯基-2-硼酸(2.72g,10mmol)、四三苯基膦钯(0.12g,0.1mmol)、碳酸钠(4.14g,30mmol)、甲苯100mL,乙醇20mL及蒸馏水20mL,搅拌回流反应3h。反应结束以后蒸馏水停止反应,过滤,将滤饼溶解于乙酸乙酯中,过硅藻土,萃取,合并有机相,并用无水MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,重结晶得到化合物A-1(3.64g,80%)。
[实施例2]化合物A-3的合成
Step1:反应器中加入六氟苯腈(1.93g,10mmol)、氰乙酸乙酯(1.11g,10mmol)、碳酸钾(1.67g,12.1mmol)、30mL的DMF,室温下搅拌反应48h,后加入蒸馏水及乙酸终止反应,用二氯甲烷萃取并浓缩得到中间体A-3-1(2.83g,99%)。
Step2:反应器中加入中间体A-3-1(2.86g,10mmol)、50%乙酸(4.10mL)和硫酸(0.2mL),回流16h后搅拌,在混合物冷却至室温,滴加10mL冷蒸馏水终止反应,后搅拌0.5h,将反应混合物用蒸馏水和氯仿萃取,然后浓缩得到中间体A-3-2(2.06g,96%)。
Step3:氮气保护下,反应器中加入2-溴-9-芴酮(2.59g,10mmol)、中间体A-3-2(2.57g,12mmol)和乙醇钠(2.04g,30mmol)完全溶解在30ml乙醇中,然后加热并搅拌所得溶液。反应结束之后,用四氢呋喃稀释通过在减压下浓缩所得产物而获得的残余物,并用水和盐水洗涤。收集有机溶剂层,经无水硫酸镁除去水分,过滤残余物,然后在减压下浓缩。浓缩的溶液用硅胶柱色谱纯化得到中间体A-3-3(2.55g,56%)。
Step4:氮气条件下,向反应器中加入中间体A-3-3(4.55g,10mmol)、三亚苯基-2-硼酸(2.72g,10mmol)、四三苯基膦钯(0.12g,0.1mmol)、碳酸钠(4.14g,30mmol)、甲苯100mL,乙醇20mL及蒸馏水20mL,搅拌回流反应3h。反应结束以后蒸馏水停止反应,过滤,将滤饼溶解于乙酸乙酯中,过硅藻土,萃取,合并有机相,并用无水MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,重结晶得到化合物A-3(4.82g,80%)。
[实施例3]化合物A-19的合成
按照化合物A-3的合成方法得到化合物A-19(5.63g,78%)。
[实施例4]化合物A-59的合成
Step1:反应器中加入全氟联苯(3.34g,10mmol)、氰乙酸乙酯(1.11g,10mmol)、碳酸钾(1.67g,12.1mmol)、30mL的DMF,室温下搅拌反应48h,后加入蒸馏水及乙酸终止反应,用二氯甲烷萃取并浓缩得到中间体A-59-1(4.23g,99%)。
Step2:反应器中加入中间体A-59-1(4.27g,10mmol)、50%乙酸(4.10mL)和硫酸(0.2mL),回流16h后搅拌,在混合物冷却至室温,滴加10mL冷蒸馏水终止反应,后搅拌0.5h,将反应混合物用蒸馏水和氯仿萃取,然后浓缩得到中间体A-59-2(3.41g,96%)。
Step3:氮气条件下,向反应器中加入1-溴-4-碘萘(3.33g,10mmol)、三亚苯基-2-硼酸(2.72g,10mmol)、四三苯基膦钯(0.12g,0.1mmol)、碳酸钠(4.14g,30mmol)、甲苯100mL,乙醇20mL及蒸馏水20mL,搅拌回流反应3h。反应结束以后蒸馏水停止反应,过滤,将滤饼溶解于乙酸乙酯中,过硅藻土,萃取,合并有机相,并用无水MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,重结晶得到化合物A-59-3(3.51g,81%)。
Step4:氮气条件下,反应器中加入四氢呋喃50mL、中间体A-59-3(4.33g,10mmol)中间体在-78℃条件下滴加己烷溶剂和正丁基锂(10mL,25mmol)后,搅拌1小时。再慢慢滴加硼酸三甲酯(3.5mL,15mmol)以后,搅拌2h。再滴加2M盐酸中和、用乙酸乙酯和水萃取产物。用二氯甲烷和己烷重结晶得到中间体A-59-4(2.79g,70%)。
Step5:氮气保护下,反应器中加入2-溴-9-芴酮(2.59g,10mmol)、中间体A-59-2(4.26g,12mmol)和乙醇钠(2.04g,30mmol)完全溶解在30ml乙醇中,然后加热并搅拌所得溶液。反应结束之后,用四氢呋喃稀释通过在减压下浓缩所得产物而获得的残余物,并用水和盐水洗涤。收集有机溶剂层,经无水硫酸镁除去水分,过滤残余物,然后在减压下浓缩。浓缩的溶液用硅胶柱色谱纯化得到中间体A-59-5(3.40g,57%)。
Step6:氮气条件下,向反应器中加入中间体A-59-5(5.96g,10mmol)、A-59-4(3.98g,10mmol)、四三苯基膦钯(0.12g,0.1mmol)、碳酸钠(4.14g,30mmol)、甲苯100mL,乙醇20mL及蒸馏水20mL,搅拌回流反应3h。反应结束以后蒸馏水停止反应,过滤,将滤饼溶解于乙酸乙酯中,过硅藻土,萃取,合并有机相,并用无水MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,重结晶得到化合物A-59(6.09g,70%)。
[实施例5]化合物B-1的合成
按照化合物A-3的合成方法得到化合物B-1(4.63g,80%)。
[实施例6]化合物B-37的合成
按照化合物A-59的合成方法得到化合物B-37(5.57g,78%)。
[实施例7]化合物B-45的合成
按照化合物A-59的合成方法得到化合物B-45(5.65g,75%)。
[实施例8]化合物B-85的合成
Step1:按照实施例2化合物A-3-1的合成方法得到中间体B-85-1;
Step2:按照实施例2化合物A-3-2的合成方法得到中间体B-85-2;
Step3:氮气保护下,反应器中加入2-溴-7-碘芴酮(3.85g,10mmol)、中间体B-85-2(2.08g,12mmol)和乙醇钠(2.04g,30mmol)完全溶解在30ml乙醇中,然后加热并搅拌所得溶液。反应结束之后,用四氢呋喃稀释通过在减压下浓缩所得产物而获得的残余物,并用水和盐水洗涤。收集有机溶剂层,经无水硫酸镁除去水分,过滤残余物,然后在减压下浓缩。浓缩的溶液用硅胶柱色谱纯化得到中间体B-85-3(2.92g,54%)。
Step4:氮气条件下,向反应器中加入中间体B-85-3(5.40g,10mmol)、3-联苯硼酸(1.98g,10mmol)、四三苯基膦钯(0.12g,0.1mmol)、碳酸钠(4.14g,30mmol)、甲苯100mL,乙醇20mL及蒸馏水20mL,搅拌回流反应3h。反应结束以后蒸馏水停止反应,过滤,将滤饼溶解于乙酸乙酯中,过硅藻土,萃取,合并有机相,并用无水MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,重结晶得到化合物B-85-4(4.53g,80%)。
Step5:氮气条件下,向反应器中加入中间体B-85-4(5.66g,10mmol)、三亚苯基-2-硼酸(2.72g,10mmol)、四三苯基膦钯(0.12g,0.1mmol)、碳酸钠(4.14g,30mmol)、甲苯100mL,乙醇20mL及蒸馏水20mL,搅拌回流反应3h。反应结束以后蒸馏水停止反应,过滤,将滤饼溶解于乙酸乙酯中,过硅藻土,萃取,合并有机相,并用无水MgSO4干燥,减压浓缩,重结晶得到化合物B-85(5.57g,78%)。
本发明实施例合成的芴类衍生物FD-MS值如表1所示。
【表1】
实施例 FD-MS
实施例1 m/z=454.13(C<sub>34</sub>H<sub>18</sub>N<sub>2</sub>=454.15)
实施例2 m/z=602.15(C<sub>40</sub>H<sub>18</sub>F<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>=602.14)
实施例3 m/z=721.18(C<sub>46</sub>H<sub>22</sub>F<sub>7</sub>N=721.16)
实施例4 m/z=869.20(C<sub>55</sub>H<sub>24</sub>F<sub>9</sub>N=869.18)
实施例5 m/z=578.13(C<sub>38</sub>H<sub>18</sub>F<sub>4</sub>N<sub>2</sub>=578.14)
实施例6 m/z=713.19(C<sub>49</sub>H<sub>26</sub>F<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>=713.21)
实施例7 m/z=753.22(C<sub>52</sub>H<sub>30</sub>F<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>=753.24)
实施例8 m/z=713.22(C<sub>49</sub>H<sub>26</sub>F<sub>3</sub>N<sub>3</sub>=713.21)
[对比实施例1]器件制备实施例:
将ITO玻璃基板放在蒸馏水中清洗2次,超声波洗涤30分钟,蒸馏水清洗结束后,异丙醇、丙酮、甲醇等溶剂按顺序超声波洗涤以后干燥,转移到等离子体清洗机里,将上述基板洗涤5分钟,送到蒸镀机里。
在已经准备好的ITO透明电极上逐层蒸镀空穴注入层2-TNATA/60nm、空穴传输层化合物NPB/60nm、蒸镀主体CBP:掺杂Ir(ppy)310%混合/30nm、空穴阻挡层BAlq/10nm、电子传输层Alq3/30nm、电子注入层LiF/0.2nm、阴极Al/150nm。
[实施例9]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例1的化合物A-1。
[实施例10]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例2的化合物A-3。
[实施例11]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例3的化合物A-19。
[实施例12]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例4的化合物A-59。
[实施例13]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例5的化合物B-1。
[实施例14]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例6的化合物B-37。
[实施例15]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例7的化合物B-45。
[实施例16]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例8的化合物B-85。
[实施例17]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例1的化合物A-1,空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例2的化合物A-3。
[实施例18]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例1的化合物A-1,空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例3的化合物A-19。
[实施例19]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例5的化合物B-1,空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例2的化合物A-3。
[实施例20]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例5的化合物B-1,空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例4的化合物A-59。
[实施例21]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例6的化合物B-37,空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例1的化合物A-1。
[实施例22]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为实施例6的化合物B-37,空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例3的化合物A-19。
[实施例23]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为A-3:B-1(50%:40%)。
[实施例24]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为A-3:B-85(50%:40%)。
[实施例25]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为A-3:B-1(50%:40%),空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例3的化合物A-19。
[实施例26]器件制备实施例:
将对比实施例1的发光层主体的化合物CBP更换为A-3:B-85(50%:40%),空穴阻挡层的化合物BAlq更换为实施例3的化合物A-19。
本发明实施例9-26以及对比实施例1制备的发光器件的发光特性测试结果如表2所示:
【表2】
以上结果表明,本发明的芴类衍生物应用于有机电致发光器件中,尤其是作为发光层和/或空穴阻挡层,其有机电致发光器件具有驱动电压低,发光效率高,使用寿命长的优点,本发明的芴类衍生物是性能良好的有机发光材料。
应当指出,本发明用个别实施方案进行了特别描述,但在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,本领域普通技术人可对本发明进行各种形式或细节上的改进,这些改进也落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种芴类衍生物,其特征在于,其分子结构通式如化学式Ⅰ所示:
其中,R1选自氰基、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基,取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种,所述取代基选自卤素原子、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种或几种;L选自单键、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种;R2选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C30芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C30杂芳基中的任意一种;R3选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、取代或未取代的C1~C30烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C60芳基,取代或未取代的C3~C60杂芳基中的任意一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种芴类衍生物,其特征在于,L选自单键或如下所示基团中的任意一种:
其中,X选自CR4R5、O、S、NR6中的任意一种;R4、R5独立地选自H、取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C18芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C18杂芳基中的任意一种,R4、R5不同时为H,R4、R5可连接成环;R6选自取代或未取代的C1~C10烷基、取代或未取代的C6~C18芳基、取代或未取代的C3~C18杂芳基中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种芴类衍生物,其特征在于,R2、R3独立地选自H、卤素、氰基、三氟甲基、甲基、乙基、异丙基、叔丁基、仲丁基、取代或未取代的如下基团:苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、吖啶基、芴基、咔唑基、呋喃基、噻吩基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、三嗪基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、哒嗪基、吡嗪基、喹喔啉基、喹唑啉基、吲哚基、氮杂咔唑基中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种芴类衍生物,其特征在于,R1选自氰基或如下基团中的任意一种:
其中X1、X2、X3、X4、X5、X6、X7、X8、X9独立地选自卤素、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种芴类衍生物,其特征在于,所述芴类衍生物选自如下所示化学结构中的任意一种:
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种芴类衍生物,其特征在于,R1选自氰基或如下基团中的任意一种:
其中X10、X11、X12、X13独立地选自卤素、氰基、三氟甲基中的任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种芴类衍生物,其特征在于,所述芴类衍生物选自如下所示化学结构中的任意一种:
8.一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,所述有机电致发光器件包括阴极、阳极和置于所述两电极之间的一个或多个有机物层,所述的有机物层含有权利要求1~7任一项所述的芴类衍生物。
9.根据权利要求8中所述的一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,所述有机物层包括空穴阻挡层,空穴阻挡层中含有权利要求1~7任一项所述的芴类衍生物。
10.根据权利要求8中所述的一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,所述有机物层包括发光层,发光层包括主体和掺杂客体,发光层主体中含有权利要求1~7任一项所述的芴类衍生物。
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