CN109336718B - Method for strongly reducing facility soil by using garlic processing waste - Google Patents
Method for strongly reducing facility soil by using garlic processing waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN109336718B CN109336718B CN201811376419.1A CN201811376419A CN109336718B CN 109336718 B CN109336718 B CN 109336718B CN 201811376419 A CN201811376419 A CN 201811376419A CN 109336718 B CN109336718 B CN 109336718B
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- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for strongly reducing facility soil by using garlic processing waste, belonging to the technical field of soil remediation. After the crops are harvested, uniformly spraying a urea solution on the soil surface, and covering the soil surface with a greenhouse film for 1 week; removing the greenhouse film, uniformly scattering the garlic processing waste, the crushed plant straws, the sawdust and the mushroom dregs on the surface of the soil, carrying out rotary tillage for 30cm deep to uniformly mix the material and the soil, spraying an EM microbial inoculum solution, and laying the greenhouse film again; and finally, irrigating water from the lower surface of the greenhouse film, irrigating water again after the water seeps next day, irrigating water again after 1 week, adding EM (effective microorganisms) and brown sugar mixed fermentation liquor into the water, compacting the periphery of the film after the water seeps, and removing the greenhouse film when the soil humidity reaches the tillering degree after 20-30 days to obtain the strong reduction soil. The soil treated by the method has low EC value, less salt return and good sterilization effect, and can improve the root system of vegetables, promote the growth of plants and increase the yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a method for strongly reducing facility soil by using garlic processing waste.
Background
Greenhouse and greenhouse-like facility vegetables have become economic growth points in agriculture and rural areas. However, the production of the facility vegetables for many years often causes the problems of continuous cropping obstacles, soil degradation and low production potential. Facility soil deterioration is generally deterioration of multiple traits rather than a single trait. Such as more serious soil-borne diseases, soil acidification, secondary salinization of soil, nutrient imbalance, unbalance of soil microflora, soil hardening and the like. The corresponding problem is that the current technology for improving the facility soil, which is researched and popularized, is usually aimed at two problems, so that the effect on production is often not satisfactory or not stable. The common techniques for the problem of continuous cropping obstacle are high-temperature canopy closure and soil fumigation. The high-temperature closed shed kills pathogenic bacteria in the soil by using the high temperature in summer, but the sterilization effect on the deep soil is not ideal because the temperature of the soil below 20cm does not meet the requirement, and the high-temperature closed shed can not reach the fine weather needing continuous 5 days. Soil fumigation can only sterilize, and other problems such as secondary salinization, soil hardening, soil acidification and the like cannot be well solved. Irrigation and salt washing can only solve the problem of secondary salinization of soil, and the technologies cannot solve the problem of continuous cropping obstacle caused by various factors.
The core of the soil strong reduction technology is that a large amount of easily decomposed organic materials are applied, irrigated and covered with a film to prevent air from diffusing into soil, and a strong soil reduction condition is created in a short time, so that the aim of killing soil-borne pathogenic bacteria is achieved, and meanwhile soil acidification and secondary salinization can be improved. However, the method is still in the research and preliminary application stage, and has certain defects, such as the effect of the method is still related to the temperature, and the effect is not stable without continuous high-temperature sunny weather.
For the above reasons, the present application has been made.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for strongly reducing facility soil by using garlic processing waste.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
a method for carrying out strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of garlic processing waste, 900-1500 parts of plant straw, 80-120 parts of sawdust, 200-400 parts of mushroom dregs, 8-12 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of microbial inoculum, 5-15 parts of brown sugar and 40-80 parts of water per mu; then taking a proper amount of microbial inoculum to disperse into a proper amount of water to form a microbial inoculum; adding the rest of microbial inoculum and brown sugar into the rest of water, and standing at room temperature for 20-28 h to obtain mixed fermentation liquor of the microbial inoculum and the brown sugar; finally, crushing the plant straws to the length of 1-3 cm for later use;
(2) uniformly dissolving the urea in water to form a urea solution with the mass concentration of 0.3-0.6 wt%, immediately and uniformly spraying the urea solution on the surface of the soil to be treated after the last crop is harvested, and covering the surface of the soil with a waste greenhouse film for 1 week;
(3) removing the greenhouse film covered on the soil surface, uniformly spraying the garlic processing waste, the crushed plant straws, the sawdust and the edible fungi on the soil surface, carrying out rotary tillage for 25-35 cm deep to uniformly mix all the raw materials with the soil, uniformly spraying the microbial bacteria solution prepared in the step (1) on the soil surface, and paving the greenhouse film on the soil surface again after spraying is finished;
(4) irrigating water from the lower surface of the greenhouse film to the accumulated water depth of 15-25 cm, irrigating water again to the depth of 5-15 cm after the water is infiltrated the next day, irrigating water again to the depth of 15-25 cm after 1 week, adding the mixed fermentation liquor of the microbial bacteria and the brown sugar in the step (1) into the water, and compacting the periphery of the film after the water is infiltrated;
(5) and after 20-30 days, removing the greenhouse film when the soil humidity reaches the tillering degree, and obtaining the strong reduction facility soil.
Further, in the step (1) of the technical scheme, the garlic processing waste comprises garlic skins and garlic stems, and the water content is 5-10 wt%.
Further, the microbial agent in step (1) of the above technical solution may be any one of a CM agent or a BM agent, and preferably a CM agent is used.
Further, the mushroom dregs in the step (1) of the technical scheme are derived from waste mushroom dregs after the cultivation of the edible mushrooms.
Further, in the step (1) of the technical scheme, the plant straws comprise 100-300 parts of corn straws and 800-1200 parts of fresh vegetable straws by weight.
Further, in the step (1) of the technical scheme, the water content of the corn straws is 5-45 wt%, and the water content of the fresh vegetable straws is more than 60 wt%.
Further, the raw materials in the step (1) of the technical scheme are preferably as follows in parts by mass:
the garlic processing waste is 350-450 parts per mu, the corn straw is 150-250 parts per mu, the fresh vegetable straw is 950-1050 parts per mu, the sawdust is 95-105 parts per mu, the mushroom dregs are 250-350 parts per mu, the urea is 9-11 parts per mu, the CM bacteria is 1.5-2.5 parts per mu, the brown sugar is 9.5-10.5 parts per mu, and the water is 50-70 parts per mu.
Furthermore, the raw materials in step (1) of the above technical solution are more preferably in the following parts by mass:
the fertilizer comprises, by per mu, 400 parts of garlic processing waste, 200 parts of corn straw, 1000 parts of fresh vegetable straw, 100 parts of sawdust, 300 parts of mushroom dregs, 10 parts of urea, 2 parts of CM (microorganism) bacteria, 10 parts of brown sugar and 60 parts of water.
Compared with the prior art, the method for carrying out strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the soil EC value obtained by the strong reduction treatment method is low, the soil EC value is lower than 0.5Ms/dm after 60 days, and the salt return is less.
(2) The method can realize better effect of killing pathogenic bacteria without using chemical bactericides and reduce the occurrence rate of diseases.
(3) The soil treated by the method of the invention can improve the root system and plant growth of the vegetables, the yield of the plants is increased by 92 percent compared with the high-temperature greenhouse technique, 176 percent compared with the conventional strong reduction technique, 300 percent higher than the chloropicrin fumigation and 239 percent higher than the salt washing treatment.
(4) When the vegetables are planted in the soil treated by the method, the vegetable stock shortage rate is less, and the production safety is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the effect of various treatment methods of the present invention on soil pH;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the EC values of soil after 30 days and 60 days of treatment according to each treatment method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the ground temperature of 10cm soil at different time points after treatment according to the treatment method of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison graph of the ground temperature of 20cm soil at different time points after treatment according to the treatment method of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the effect of the treatment methods of the present invention on the subsurface dry weight of peppers;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the effect of various treatment methods of the present invention on the root activity of pepper;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of each treatment method of the present invention on the number of three pathogens in soil;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of each treatment method of the present invention on the rate of pepper plant loss;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the effect of each treatment method of the present invention on the incidence of pepper disease;
FIG. 10 is a graph comparing the effect of various treatments of the present invention on pepper yield;
wherein: a: the treatment method of the embodiment 1 of the application; b: comparative example 1 treatment method; c: comparative example 2 treatment method; d: comparative example 3 treatment method; e: comparative example 4 treatment method; f: comparative example 5 treatment method.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings. The present invention is implemented on the premise of the technology of the present invention, and the detailed embodiments and specific procedures are given to illustrate the inventive aspects of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Various modifications to the precise description of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the information contained herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It is to be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the procedures, properties, or components defined, as these embodiments, as well as others described, are intended to be merely illustrative of particular aspects of the invention. Indeed, various modifications of the embodiments of the invention which are obvious to those skilled in the art or related fields are intended to be covered by the scope of the appended claims.
For a better understanding of the invention, and not as a limitation on the scope thereof, all numbers expressing quantities, percentages, and other numerical values used in this application are to be understood as being modified in all instances by the term "about". Accordingly, unless expressly indicated otherwise, the numerical parameters set forth in the specification and attached claims are approximations that may vary depending upon the desired properties sought to be obtained. At the very least, each numerical parameter should at least be construed in light of the number of reported significant digits and by applying ordinary rounding techniques.
Example 1
The method for performing strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400kg of garlic processing waste, 200kg of corn straw, 1000kg of fresh vegetable straw, 100kg of sawdust, 300kg of mushroom dregs, 10kg of urea, 2kg of CM (microorganism) bacteria, 10kg of brown sugar and 60kg of water per mu; wherein: the garlic processing waste comprises garlic skins and garlic stems, and the water content is 5-10 wt%; the water content of the corn straw is 5-45 wt%; fresh vegetable straws with the water content of more than 60 wt%; the mushroom dregs are derived from waste mushroom dregs after the cultivation of edible mushrooms;
then 1kg of CM bacteria is dispersed into 10kg of water to form CM bacteria solution; adding the rest 1kg of CM bacteria and brown sugar into the rest 50kg of water, and standing at room temperature for 24h to obtain a mixed fermentation liquid of CM bacteria and brown sugar; finally, crushing the corn straws and the fresh vegetable straws to the length of 1-3 cm for later use;
(2) uniformly dissolving the urea in water to form a urea solution with the mass concentration of 0.5 wt%, immediately and uniformly spraying the urea solution on the surface of the soil to be treated after the previous crop is harvested, and covering the surface of the soil with a waste greenhouse film for 1 week;
(3) removing the greenhouse film covered on the soil surface, uniformly spraying the garlic processing waste, the crushed plant straws, the sawdust and the edible fungi on the soil surface, carrying out rotary tillage for 30CM deep to uniformly mix all the raw materials with the soil, uniformly spraying the CM solution prepared in the step (1) on the soil surface, and paving the greenhouse film on the soil surface again after spraying is finished;
(4) irrigating water from the lower surface of the greenhouse film to the accumulated water depth of 20CM, irrigating water again to the depth of 10CM after the water is infiltrated the next day, irrigating water again to the depth of 20CM after 1 week, adding the mixed fermentation liquor of the CM bacteria and the brown sugar in the step (1) into the water, and compacting the periphery of the film after the water is infiltrated;
(5) and after 20-30 days, removing the greenhouse film when the soil humidity reaches the tillering degree to obtain the strong reduction soil, and then planting vegetables by using the soil according to a conventional method.
Example 2
The method for performing strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: per mu, 350kg of garlic processing waste, 150kg of corn straw, 950kg of fresh vegetable straw, 95kg of sawdust, 250kg of mushroom dregs, 9kg of urea, 1.5kg of CM (CM) bacteria, 9.5kg of brown sugar and 50kg of water; wherein: the garlic processing waste comprises garlic skins and garlic stems, and the water content is 5-10 wt%; the water content of the corn straw is 5-45 wt%; fresh vegetable straws with the water content of more than 60 wt%; the mushroom dregs are derived from waste mushroom dregs after the cultivation of edible mushrooms;
then 0.75kg of CM bacteria is dispersed into 10kg of water to form CM bacteria solution; adding the rest 0.75kg of CM bacteria and brown sugar into the rest 40kg of water, and standing at room temperature for 20h to obtain a mixed fermentation liquid of CM bacteria and brown sugar; finally, crushing the corn straws and the fresh vegetable straws to the length of 1-3 cm for later use;
(2) uniformly dissolving the urea in water to form a urea solution with the mass concentration of 0.3 wt%, immediately and uniformly spraying the urea solution on the surface of the soil to be treated after the previous crop is harvested, and covering the surface of the soil with a waste greenhouse film for 1 week;
(3) removing the greenhouse film covered on the soil surface, uniformly spraying the garlic processing waste, the crushed plant straws, the sawdust and the edible fungi on the soil surface, carrying out rotary tillage for 25CM deep to uniformly mix all the raw materials with the soil, uniformly spraying the CM solution prepared in the step (1) on the soil surface, and paving the greenhouse film on the soil surface again after spraying is finished;
(4) irrigating water from the lower surface of the greenhouse film to the accumulated water depth of 15CM, irrigating water again to the depth of 5CM after the water is infiltrated the next day, irrigating water again to the depth of 15CM after 1 week, adding the mixed fermentation liquor of the CM bacteria and the brown sugar in the step (1) into the water, and compacting the periphery of the film after the water is infiltrated;
(5) and after 20-30 days, removing the greenhouse film when the soil humidity reaches the tillering degree to obtain the strong reduction soil, and then planting vegetables by using the soil according to a conventional method.
Example 3
The method for performing strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 450kg of garlic processing waste, 250kg of corn straw, 1050kg of fresh vegetable straw, 105kg of sawdust, 350kg of mushroom dregs, 11kg of urea, 2.5kg of CM (microorganism) bacteria, 10.5kg of brown sugar and 70kg of water per mu; wherein: the garlic processing waste comprises garlic skins and garlic stems, and the water content is 5-10 wt%; the water content of the corn straw is 5-45 wt%; fresh vegetable straws with the water content of more than 60 wt%; the mushroom dregs are derived from waste mushroom dregs after the cultivation of edible mushrooms;
then 1.25kg of CM bacteria are dispersed into 10kg of water to form CM bacteria solution; adding the rest 1.25kg of CM bacteria and brown sugar into the rest 60kg of water, standing at room temperature for 28h to obtain a mixed fermentation liquid of CM bacteria and brown sugar; finally, crushing the corn straws and the fresh vegetable straws to the length of 1-3 cm for later use;
(2) uniformly dissolving the urea in water to form a urea solution with the mass concentration of 0.6 wt%, immediately and uniformly spraying the urea solution on the surface of the soil to be treated after the previous crop is harvested, and covering the surface of the soil with a waste greenhouse film for 1 week;
(3) removing the greenhouse film covered on the soil surface, uniformly spraying the garlic processing waste, the crushed plant straws, the sawdust and the edible fungi on the soil surface, carrying out rotary tillage for 35CM deep to uniformly mix all the raw materials with the soil, uniformly spraying the CM solution prepared in the step (1) on the soil surface, and paving the greenhouse film on the soil surface again after spraying is finished;
(4) irrigating water from the lower surface of the greenhouse film to the accumulated water depth of 25CM, irrigating water again to the depth of 15CM after the water is infiltrated the next day, irrigating water again to the depth of 25CM after 1 week, adding the CM bacteria and brown sugar mixed fermentation liquor obtained in the step (1) into the water, and compacting the periphery of the film after the water is infiltrated;
(5) and after 20-30 days, removing the greenhouse film when the soil humidity reaches the tillering degree to obtain the strong reduction soil, and then planting vegetables by using the soil according to a conventional method.
Example 4
The method for performing strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the difference is the step (1), and the step 1 in this embodiment is specifically as follows:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300kg of garlic processing waste per mu, 100kg of corn straw, 800kg of fresh vegetable straw, 80kg of sawdust, 200kg of mushroom dregs, 8kg of urea, 1kg of CM (microorganism) bacteria, 5kg of brown sugar and 40kg of water; wherein: the garlic processing waste comprises garlic skins and garlic stems, and the water content is 5-10 wt%; the water content of the corn straw is 5-45 wt%; fresh vegetable straws with the water content of more than 60 wt%; the mushroom dregs are derived from waste mushroom dregs after the cultivation of edible mushrooms;
then 0.5kg of CM bacteria is dispersed into 10kg of water to form CM bacteria solution; adding the rest 0.5kg of CM bacteria and brown sugar into the rest 30kg of water, standing at room temperature for 28h to obtain a mixed fermentation liquid of CM bacteria and brown sugar; and finally, crushing the corn straws and the fresh vegetable straws to the length of 1-3 cm for later use.
Example 5
The method for performing strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste in this embodiment is substantially the same as that in embodiment 1, except that the difference is the step (1), and the step 1 in this embodiment is specifically as follows:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: per mu, 500kg of garlic processing waste, 300kg of corn straw, 1200kg of fresh vegetable straw, 120kg of sawdust, 400kg of mushroom dregs, 12kg of urea, 3kg of CM (microorganism) bacteria, 15kg of brown sugar and 80kg of water; wherein: the garlic processing waste comprises garlic skins and garlic stems, and the water content is 5-10 wt%; the water content of the corn straw is 5-45 wt%; fresh vegetable straws with the water content of more than 60 wt%; the mushroom dregs are derived from waste mushroom dregs after the cultivation of edible mushrooms;
then 0.5kg of CM bacteria is dispersed into 10kg of water to form CM bacteria solution; adding the rest 0.5kg of CM bacteria and brown sugar into the rest 60kg of water, standing at room temperature for 28h to obtain a mixed fermentation liquid of CM bacteria and brown sugar; and finally, crushing the corn straws and the fresh vegetable straws to the length of 1-3 cm for later use.
The following comparative examples 1-5 are provided to prove that the strong reduction method has good sterilization effect and less salt return, and the treated soil can promote the growth of crops and improve the yield. In addition, the soil to be treated adopted in each embodiment of the invention and each proportion described below is the soil to be applied in the vegetable greenhouse in the same area, and each physical and chemical index of the soil is basically the same.
Comparative example 1
The soil is reduced by using a high-temperature greenhouse closing technology in the comparative example, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) applying organic fertilizer such as chicken manure, pig manure, cow manure and the like in a vegetable greenhouse, or applying lime nitrogen by utilizing plant straws such as corn stalks and straws (cut into small sections with the length of 3-5 cm), wherein: the dosage of the organic fertilizer per mu is 3000-5000 kg, and the lime nitrogen per mu is 60-100 kg.
(2) And (2) uniformly scattering the raw materials in the step (1) on the surface of the soil, and then deeply ploughing for 25-30 cm.
(3) The method comprises the following steps of making a dam around the vegetable greenhouse, irrigating water, covering a thin film, closing an air opening of the greenhouse, covering the greenhouse film, preventing rainwater from entering, and strictly keeping the airtightness of the greenhouse, so that the temperature of 10cm below the ground surface reaches more than 70 ℃, the temperature of 20cm below the ground surface reaches more than 45 ℃, and the sterilization and disinsection effects are achieved.
(4) And (3) closing the greenhouse for not less than 20 days, ploughing after closing the greenhouse, airing for 10-15 days to obtain restored soil, and then planting the next crop.
Comparative example 2
The soil is reduced by using a conventional strong reduction technology in the comparative example, and the specific method is as follows:
in high-temperature seasons, 1000kg of cow dung, 1000kg of corn straw and 100kg of lime nitrogen are added into each mu of the greenhouse after stubble cleaning, water is filled to the maximum water holding capacity in the field after ploughing, and the film is covered for 30 days.
Comparative example 3
The concrete method for fumigating soil by using chloropicrin in the comparative example is as follows:
removing stubble and residual roots on the surface of soil, deeply ploughing for 30cm, leveling the soil, keeping the water content at 60% of the maximum water holding capacity of the field, applying 2-3 ml of chloropicrin in a hole of 30cm by using a special injector, applying 20kg of chloropicrin each mu, immediately covering a thicker greenhouse film after application, sealing the periphery, and using clean and pollution-free fine sandy soil for film pressing. After 3 weeks of fumigation, the film is uncovered to dissipate air, and after 10 days, the rice can be cultivated, sowed and planted.
Comparative example 4
The method for washing the saline soil by irrigation in the comparative example comprises the following steps:
after removing the residues on the soil surface, making a dam around the vegetable greenhouse, irrigating water, wherein the water surface is preferably 3-5 cm higher than the ground, irrigating water once a day for 3 days continuously, performing conventional management when the water content reaches the level of tilth, and planting the pakchoi.
Comparative example 5
Empty table control (CK group), without any treatment.
The invention tests and compares the relevant performance parameters of the soil treated by each example and comparative example, and the specific results are as follows.
(1) pH value comparative analysis:
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the effect of each treatment method of the present invention on soil pH, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the soil pH of the present invention is in an acidic environment during the treatment process, which is beneficial to the inactivation of pathogens in the soil. After the treatment is completed, the soil Ph returns to near neutral and does not affect crop growth. The other treatment processes and after the treatment are neutral and have insignificant change.
(2) EC-value comparative analysis:
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the EC values of soil after 30 days and 60 days of treatment for each treatment method of the present invention. The soil EC value is a main index of salt damage, the salt damage is generated about more than 0.5, and the higher the value is, the more serious the salt damage is. FIG. 2 shows that the EC value of the treatment method is the lowest, and is below 0.5, and the control CK group is the highest. After the salt washing treatment and the high-temperature greenhouse closing treatment, the EC value of the soil is lower and is only higher than that of the soil, but the salt returning condition of the soil occurs and the EC value is increased along with the time extension. The EC values were higher for all three other treatments.
(3) And (3) analyzing the soil temperature:
the invention monitors the soil temperature change (see figure 3 and figure 4), the soil 10cm temperature is higher by the application and the high temperature greenhouse-closing treatment, the temperature is more than 55 ℃ twice, but continuous high temperature does not appear. In addition, the 20cm soil temperature after all the treatment methods does not exceed 35 ℃, which shows that the treatment of the test cannot kill the pathogenic bacteria only by high temperature, but the killing effect of the pathogenic bacteria is better when the temperature is high.
(4) Plant dry weight
Plant dry weights include underground dry weight and above-ground dry weight. The effect of each treatment in plant growth can be reflected, and the trend is consistent with the root activity, as shown in figure 5.
(5) Root system activity
The root system activity reflects the root system function, and the correlation with the soil adversity stress is larger. The results show that the activity of the root system of the treated plant is the highest and is obviously higher than that of the other comparative example methods, and then the high-temperature greenhouse treatment is carried out, and the lowest is the control, which is shown in figure 6.
(6) Pathogenic bacteria
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the killing effect of the treatment methods of the present invention on pathogenic bacteria. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the treatment method of the present invention has the best effect, and the strong reduction technology, the chloropicrin treatment, the salt washing treatment and the high temperature greenhouse-closing treatment have certain killing effect on germs.
(7) Rate of plant loss
The plant deficiency rate is related to the EC value of soil and soil-borne diseases. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the plant deficiency rate is as follows from low to high: the treatment of the method is less than high-temperature shed-closing treatment, strong reduction treatment is less than salt washing treatment and less than bitter chloride treatment and comparison.
(8) Incidence of disease
Incidence has a large impact on growth and yield. As can be seen from FIG. 9, the incidence of pepper is highest, and the contrast from high to low is > salt washing treatment > bitter chloride treatment > strong reduction treatment > high-temperature greenhouse-closing treatment > treatment of the application.
(9) Yield of the product
The yield is the total embodiment of the treatment effect. As can be seen from FIG. 10, the treatment, high temperature greenhouse treatment, strong reduction treatment, salt washing treatment and bitter chloride treatment of the present application were increased by 393%, 307%, 222%, 158% and 98% respectively, compared with the control. The differences between treatments were significant.
Claims (8)
1. A method for carrying out strong reduction on facility soil by using garlic processing waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the following raw materials in parts by weight: 300-500 parts of garlic processing waste, 900-1500 parts of plant straw, 80-120 parts of sawdust, 200-400 parts of mushroom dregs, 8-12 parts of urea, 1-3 parts of microbial inoculum, 5-15 parts of brown sugar and 40-80 parts of water per mu; then taking a proper amount of microbial inoculum to disperse into a proper amount of water to form a microbial inoculum; adding the rest of microbial inoculum and brown sugar into the rest of water, and standing at room temperature for 20-28 h to obtain mixed fermentation liquor of the microbial inoculum and the brown sugar; finally, crushing the plant straws to the length of 1-3 cm for later use;
(2) uniformly dissolving the urea in water to form a urea solution with the mass concentration of 0.3-0.6 wt%, immediately and uniformly spraying the urea solution on the surface of the soil to be treated after the last crop is harvested, and covering the surface of the soil with a waste greenhouse film for 1 week;
(3) removing the greenhouse film covered on the soil surface, uniformly spraying the garlic processing waste, the crushed plant straws, the sawdust and the edible fungi on the soil surface, carrying out rotary tillage for 25-35 cm deep to uniformly mix all the raw materials with the soil, uniformly spraying the microbial bacteria solution prepared in the step (1) on the soil surface, and paving the greenhouse film on the soil surface again after spraying is finished;
(4) irrigating water from the lower surface of the greenhouse film to the accumulated water depth of 15-25 cm, irrigating water again to the depth of 5-15 cm after the water is infiltrated the next day, irrigating water again to the depth of 15-25 cm after 1 week, adding the mixed fermentation liquor of the microbial bacteria and the brown sugar in the step (1) into the water, and compacting the periphery of the film after the water is infiltrated;
(5) and after 20-30 days, removing the greenhouse film when the soil humidity reaches the tillering degree, and obtaining the strong reduction facility soil.
2. The method for strong reduction of facility soil using garlic processing waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the garlic processing waste in the step (1) comprises garlic skins and garlic stems, and the water content is 5-10 wt%.
3. The method for strong reduction of facility soil using garlic processing waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the microbial agent in the step (1) is a CM microbial agent.
4. The method for strong reduction of facility soil using garlic processing waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mushroom dregs in the step (1) are derived from waste mushroom dregs after edible mushroom cultivation.
5. The method for strong reduction of facility soil using garlic processing waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant straws in the step (1) comprise 100-300 parts of corn straws and 800-1200 parts of fresh vegetable straws by mass.
6. The method for strong reduction of facility soil using garlic processing waste as claimed in claim 5, wherein: in the step (1), the water content of the corn straws is 5-45 wt%, and the water content of the fresh vegetable straws is more than 60 wt%.
7. The method for strong reduction of facility soil using garlic processing waste as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the raw materials in the step (1) are as follows by mass:
the garlic processing waste is 350-450 parts per mu, the corn straw is 150-250 parts per mu, the fresh vegetable straw is 950-1050 parts per mu, the sawdust is 95-105 parts per mu, the mushroom dregs are 250-350 parts per mu, the urea is 9-11 parts per mu, the CM bacteria is 1.5-2.5 parts per mu, the brown sugar is 9.5-10.5 parts per mu, and the water is 50-70 parts per mu.
8. The method for strong reduction of facility soil using garlic processing waste as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the raw materials in the step (1) are as follows by mass:
the fertilizer comprises, by per mu, 400 parts of garlic processing waste, 200 parts of corn straw, 1000 parts of fresh vegetable straw, 100 parts of sawdust, 300 parts of mushroom dregs, 10 parts of urea, 2 parts of CM (microorganism) bacteria, 10 parts of brown sugar and 60 parts of water.
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| CN107382453A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-24 | 南京师范大学 | Soil disinfection regeneration anti obstacle to continuous cropping composition and preparation method and application |
| CN108002934A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-05-08 | 湖南望隆企业管理咨询有限公司 | A kind of soil-repairing agent with disinsection efficiency and preparation method thereof |
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| CN107382453A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-24 | 南京师范大学 | Soil disinfection regeneration anti obstacle to continuous cropping composition and preparation method and application |
| CN108002934A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-05-08 | 湖南望隆企业管理咨询有限公司 | A kind of soil-repairing agent with disinsection efficiency and preparation method thereof |
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