CN109265148A - 一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:混料、成型、干燥、烧成、真空‑加压浸渍、真空热解、拣选及包装入库。结合剂丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂经高温烧成后转变为SiO2,进而和Al2O3反应生成莫来石结合相,既提高了陶瓷板的结合强度和抗热震性能,又提高了陶瓷板寿命的可靠性和均一性;陶瓷板中的液态聚碳硅烷经真空热解后转化为β‑SiC,不仅提高了陶瓷板的抗热震性,还降低了陶瓷板的气孔率,从而有效阻止钢渣的渗透,大幅提高陶瓷板的抗侵蚀性能和耐钢水冲刷性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,具体涉及一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法。
背景技术
钢包底吹氩透气砖是设置在钢包底部,用于向钢水中喷吹惰性气体来均匀钢水成分和温度的功能性元件。陶瓷板拼装式透气砖因其独特的性能备受炼钢厂的青睐。陶瓷板拼装式透气砖就是将若干个陶瓷板拼装在一起,然后置入透气砖本体,陶瓷板之间、陶瓷板和透气砖本体之间形成气体通道。陶瓷板性能的高低是制约透气砖寿命高低的关键因素。目前,透气砖用陶瓷板材质大都为刚玉莫来石质,其优点是抗热震性好,使用寿命稳定性高;缺点是气孔率较高(15-20%),抗侵蚀性差,且不耐钢水冲刷。
针对上述透气砖用陶瓷板存在的问题,开发新技术、新工艺,并将其融合于传统透气砖用陶瓷板的制备工艺中,成为透气砖行业的一项重要课题。
发明内容
本发明旨在克服现有技术缺陷,提供一种不仅抗热震性能好,使用寿命稳定性高,而且气孔率低,钢渣难以渗透,抗钢水冲刷能力强的高性能陶瓷板的制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
①混料:首先,将15-60wt%的1-0mm刚玉,5-45wt%的1-0mm莫来石置入星式混碾机混练1-2分钟;然后,外加2-3wt%的丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂混练2-3分钟;最后,加入27-33wt%的325目刚玉,2-7wt%的2μm氧化铝微粉混练3-5分钟,制成均匀成型料;
②成型:将步骤①得到的均匀成型料置入陶瓷板模具,用500吨气压震动成型机压制成型,制成陶瓷板坯体。
③干燥:将步骤②得到的陶瓷板坯体置入干燥窑,于200~230℃干燥20~24小时;
④烧成:将经步骤③干燥好的陶瓷板置入高温窑炉,于1450~1650℃烧成,保温时间为4~6小时;
⑤真空-加压浸渍:首先将步骤④烧制好的陶瓷板于常温下置入真空-加压浸渍机,抽真空至90Pa以下,然后注入液态聚碳硅烷对陶瓷板进行浸渍,最后加压,压力为1.0~1.3MPa,保压时间为0.5~2小时。
⑥真空热解:将步骤⑤得到的陶瓷板置于真空烧结炉,于1200~1260℃热处理3~5小时,使液态聚碳硅烷转化为抗热震性优异的β-SiC;
⑦拣选及包装入库:对步骤⑥得到的陶瓷板进行拣选,平整度小于0.1mm的陶瓷板为合格品,合格品包装入库。
所述刚玉为板状刚玉、白刚玉、棕刚玉中的至少一种,板状刚玉和白刚玉化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥99%、SiO2≤0.2%、Fe2O3≤0.1%、R2O≤0.4%,棕刚玉化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥94%、SiO2≤1.0%、Fe2O3≤0.5%。
所述莫来石为电熔莫来石、烧结莫来石中的至少一种,其化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥70%、SiO2≤30%、Fe2O3≤0.1%、R2O≤0.3%。
所述氧化铝微粉为α-氧化铝微粉,其化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥99.3%、SiO2≤0.1%、Fe2O3≤0.1%、R2O≤0.3%。
所述丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂,固含:50±1%,粘度:15-40S。
所述液态聚碳硅烷,粘度为210mPa.s,陶瓷产率为70%。
与现有技术相比,本发明带来的有益效果为:结合剂丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂均匀分散于陶瓷板中,经高温烧成后转变为SiO2,进而和Al2O3反应生成莫来石结合相,这种均分散的莫来石结合相既提高了陶瓷板的结合强度和抗热震性,又提高了陶瓷板寿命的可靠性和均一性;陶瓷板中的液态聚碳硅烷经真空热解后转化为β-SiC,不仅提高了陶瓷板的抗热震性,还降低了陶瓷板的气孔率,从而有效阻止钢渣的渗透,大幅提高陶瓷板的抗侵蚀性能和耐钢水冲刷性能。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明,并非对其保护范围的限制。
实施例1
一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
①混料:首先,将50wt%的1-0mm板状刚玉,15wt%的1-0mm电熔莫来石置入星式混碾机混练1.5分钟;然后,外加2.5wt%的丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂混练2.5分钟;最后,加入30wt%的325目板状刚玉,5wt%的2μmα-氧化铝微粉混练3分钟,制成均匀成型料;
②成型:将步骤①得到的均匀成型料置入陶瓷板模具,用500吨气压震动成型机压制成型,制成陶瓷板坯体。
③干燥:将步骤②得到的陶瓷板坯体置入干燥窑,于210℃干燥22小时;
④烧成:将经步骤③干燥好的陶瓷板置入高温窑炉,于1500℃烧成,保温时间为5小时;
⑤真空-加压浸渍:首先将步骤④烧制好的陶瓷板于常温下置入真空-加压浸渍机,抽真空至85Pa,然后注入液态聚碳硅烷对陶瓷板进行浸渍,最后加压,压力为1.1MPa,保压时间为1小时。
⑥真空热解:将步骤⑤得到的陶瓷板置于真空烧结炉,于1200℃热处理3小时,使液态聚碳硅烷转化为抗热震性优异的β-SiC;
⑦拣选及包装入库:对步骤⑥得到的陶瓷板进行拣选,平整度小于0.1mm的陶瓷板为合格品,合格品包装入库。
本实施例所制备的陶瓷板属于刚玉莫来石碳化硅复合材料,其主要物理性能是:密度为3.0-3.1g/cm3,显气孔率为7-8%,热震稳定性(1100℃,水冷)≥35次。
实施例2
一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
①混料:首先,将45wt%的1-0mm白刚玉,20wt%的1-0mm烧结莫来石置入星式混碾机混练2分钟;然后,外加3wt%的丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂混练3分钟;最后,加入32wt%的325目白刚玉,3wt%的2μmα-氧化铝微粉混练5分钟,制成均匀成型料;
②成型:将步骤①得到的均匀成型料置入陶瓷板模具,用500吨气压震动成型机压制成型,制成陶瓷板坯体。
③干燥:将步骤②得到的陶瓷板坯体置入干燥窑,于220℃干燥23小时;
④烧成:将经步骤③干燥好的陶瓷板置入高温窑炉,于1550℃烧成,保温时间为6小时;
⑤真空-加压浸渍:首先将步骤④烧制好的陶瓷板于常温下置入真空-加压浸渍机,抽真空至80Pa,然后注入液态聚碳硅烷对陶瓷板进行浸渍,最后加压,压力为1.2MPa,保压时间为1.5小时。
⑥真空热解:将步骤⑤得到的陶瓷板置于真空烧结炉,于1230℃热处理5小时,使液态聚碳硅烷转化为抗热震性优异的β-SiC;
⑦拣选及包装入库:对步骤⑥得到的陶瓷板进行拣选,平整度小于0.1mm的陶瓷板为合格品,合格品包装入库。
本实施例所制备的陶瓷板属于刚玉莫来石碳化硅复合材料,其主要物理性能是:密度为2.95-3.05g/cm3,显气孔率为7-8%,热震稳定性(1100℃,水冷)≥32次。
实施例3
一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
①混料:首先,将48wt%的1-0mm棕刚玉,19wt%的1-0mm烧结莫来石置入星式混碾机混练2分钟;然后,外加2.5wt%的丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂混练3分钟;最后,加入30wt%的325目板状刚玉,3wt%的2μmα-氧化铝微粉混练3分钟,制成均匀成型料;
②成型:将步骤①得到的均匀成型料置入陶瓷板模具,用500吨气压震动成型机压制成型,制成陶瓷板坯体。
③干燥:将步骤②得到的陶瓷板坯体置入干燥窑,于230℃干燥24小时;
④烧成:将经步骤③干燥好的陶瓷板置入高温窑炉,于1530℃烧成,保温时间为5小时;
⑤真空-加压浸渍:首先将步骤④烧制好的陶瓷板于常温下置入真空-加压浸渍机,抽真空至90Pa,然后注入液态聚碳硅烷对陶瓷板进行浸渍,最后加压,压力为1.1MPa,保压时间为1小时。
⑥真空热解:将步骤⑤得到的陶瓷板置于真空烧结炉,于1250℃热处理5小时,使液态聚碳硅烷转化为抗热震性优异的β-SiC;
⑦拣选及包装入库:对步骤⑥得到的陶瓷板进行拣选,平整度小于0.1mm的陶瓷板为合格品,合格品包装入库。
本实施例所制备的陶瓷板属于刚玉莫来石碳化硅复合材料,其主要物理性能是:密度为3.0-3.1g/cm3,显气孔率为7-8%,热震稳定性(1100℃,水冷)≥30次。
实施例4
一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
①混料:首先,将30wt%的1-0mm板状刚玉,20wt%的1-0mm白刚玉,15wt%的1-0mm电熔莫来石置入星式混碾机混练2分钟;然后,外加3wt%的丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂混练3分钟;最后,加入20wt%的325目板状刚玉,10wt%的325目白刚玉,5wt%的2μmα-氧化铝微粉混练3分钟,制成均匀成型料;
②成型:将步骤①得到的均匀成型料置入陶瓷板模具,用500吨气压震动成型机压制成型,制成陶瓷板坯体。
③干燥:将步骤②得到的陶瓷板坯体置入干燥窑,于210℃干燥22小时;
④烧成:将经步骤③干燥好的陶瓷板置入高温窑炉,于1500℃烧成,保温时间为5小时;
⑤真空-加压浸渍:首先将步骤④烧制好的陶瓷板于常温下置入真空-加压浸渍机,抽真空至85Pa,然后注入液态聚碳硅烷对陶瓷板进行浸渍,最后加压,压力为1.2MPa,保压时间为1小时。
⑥真空热解:将步骤⑤得到的陶瓷板置于真空烧结炉,于1230℃热处理5小时,使液态聚碳硅烷转化为抗热震性优异的β-SiC;
⑦拣选及包装入库:对步骤⑥得到的陶瓷板进行拣选,平整度小于0.1mm的陶瓷板为合格品,合格品包装入库。
本实施例所制备的陶瓷板属于刚玉莫来石碳化硅复合材料,其主要物理性能是:密度为3.0-3.1g/cm3,显气孔率为7-8%,热震稳定性(1100℃,水冷)≥33次。
Claims (7)
1.一种透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,其特征在于包括下列步骤:
①混料:首先,将15-60wt%的1-0mm刚玉,5-45wt%的1-0mm莫来石置入星式混碾机混练1-2分钟;然后,外加2-3wt%的丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂混练2-3分钟;最后,加入27-33wt%的325目刚玉,2-7wt%的2μm氧化铝微粉混练3-5分钟,制成均匀成型料;
②成型:将步骤①得到的均匀成型料置入陶瓷板模具,用500吨气压震动成型机压制成型,制成陶瓷板坯体。
③干燥:将步骤②得到的陶瓷板坯体置入干燥窑,于200~230℃干燥20~24小时;
④烧成:将经步骤③干燥好的陶瓷板置入高温窑炉,于1450~1650℃烧成,保温时间为4~6小时;
⑤真空-加压浸渍:首先将步骤④烧制好的陶瓷板于常温下置入真空-加压浸渍机,抽真空至90Pa以下,然后注入液态聚碳硅烷对陶瓷板进行浸渍,最后加压,压力为1.0~1.3MPa,保压时间为0.5~2小时。
⑥真空热解:将步骤⑤得到的陶瓷板置于真空烧结炉,于1200~1260℃热处理3~5小时,使液态聚碳硅烷转化为抗热震性优异的β-SiC;
⑦拣选及包装入库:对步骤⑥得到的陶瓷板进行拣选,平整度小于0.1mm的陶瓷板为合格品,合格品包装入库。
2.根据权利要求1所述的透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,所述刚玉为板状刚玉、白刚玉、棕刚玉中的至少一种,板状刚玉和白刚玉化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥99%、SiO2≤0.2%、Fe2O3≤0.1%、R2O≤0.4%,棕刚玉化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥94%、SiO2≤1.0%、Fe2O3≤0.5%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,所述莫来石为电熔莫来石、烧结莫来石中的至少一种,其化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥70%、SiO2≤30%、Fe2O3≤0.1%、R2O≤0.3%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,所述氧化铝微粉为α-氧化铝微粉,其化学组分的质量百分比为:Al2O3≥99.3%、SiO2≤0.1%、Fe2O3≤0.1%、R2O≤0.3%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,所述丙烯酸改性有机硅树脂,固含:50±1%,粘度:15-40S。
6.根据权利要求1所述的透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法,所述液态聚碳硅烷,粘度为210mPa.s,陶瓷产率为70%。
7.根据权利要求1~6中任一项所述的透气砖用高性能陶瓷板的制备方法所制备的透气砖用高性能陶瓷板。
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