CN109208331A - 一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109208331A
CN109208331A CN201810957726.2A CN201810957726A CN109208331A CN 109208331 A CN109208331 A CN 109208331A CN 201810957726 A CN201810957726 A CN 201810957726A CN 109208331 A CN109208331 A CN 109208331A
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袁超
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ANHUI LISIDA NET INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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    • D06M14/18Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation
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    • B01D39/00Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/08Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material
    • B01D39/083Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material of organic material
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载‑共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,将涤纶滤布用乙醇浸泡除杂后晾干,将聚乙烯醇溶液和聚乙烯胺溶液混合,磁力搅拌均匀,加入致孔剂继续搅拌后,将其均匀的刮在处理好的涤纶滤布上,鼓风干燥,置于戊二醛水溶液中交联,干燥,然后在去离子水中浸泡去除致孔剂;将羟基磷灰石分散液均匀地喷涂到所得改性涤纶滤布表面,预烘后,进行热熔处理,水洗、烘干;将所得固载羟基磷灰石的滤布置于辐照管内,添加单体溶液、阻聚剂,超声脱气后,通氮气除氧,将辐照管封闭,送入60Co源室内进行共辐射接枝聚合。

Description

一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制 备方法
技术领域
本发明属于单丝滤布材料领域,具体涉及一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法。
背景技术
单丝滤布是新一代过滤材料,在国外应用较为广泛,价格较普通滤布高。单丝滤布是由尼龙(聚酰胺)、涤纶(聚酯纤维)编织而成,产品主要性能是抗拉力、耐磨性强、耐化学腐蚀、抗老化性能超出无纺布3倍,使用寿命长、脱水性好等优点,广泛用于板框压滤、滤芯机、煤矿、化工、石油等。单丝滤布的优点:单根的合成纤维织造而成,强度大,不易阻塞,不会有断纱的情形;表面经热定型处理、稳定性高、不易变形,孔径均匀;表面经砑光处理的单丝滤布,表面光滑滤饼容易剥离,滤布易清洗再生容易。本发明制备的单丝滤布性能优异,是一种良好的单丝滤布材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,依照该方法制作的改性涤纶滤布具有优异的抗污染性能,可吸附溶液中的重金属。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)共混聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯胺改性涤纶滤布:
将涤纶滤布用乙醇浸泡除杂后晾干,将聚乙烯醇溶液和聚乙烯胺溶液按质量比1:1混合,磁力搅拌10-12h均匀,加入1.5%致孔剂聚乙二醇2000继续搅拌2-3h后,将其均匀的刮在处理好的涤纶滤布上,在44-46℃下鼓风干燥3-4h,置于50-53℃的戊二醛水溶液中交联40-45min,在50-55℃下干燥50-60min,然后在去离子水中浸泡1-2d去除致孔剂;
(2)热熔法固载羟基磷灰石:
将羟基磷灰石分散液均匀地喷涂到(1)中所得改性涤纶滤布表面,在128-132℃下预烘4-6min后,于250-253℃下进行热熔处理2-3min,水洗、烘干;
(3)共辐射接枝N-异丙基丙烯酰胺:
将(2)中所得固载羟基磷灰石的涤纶滤布置于辐照管内,添加单体溶液、阻聚剂,超声脱气20-25min后,通氮气20-25min除氧,将辐照管封闭,送入60Co源室内进行共辐射接枝聚合。
进一步的,步骤(1)中聚乙烯醇水溶液的制备:将8-10份聚乙烯醇1:12-13溶于去离子水中,快速磁力搅拌20-25min,静置30-40min,将水倒出,再加入去离子水,在94-96℃下充分搅拌溶解,冷却至室温,调节pH为5,制得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯醇溶液;
聚乙烯胺溶液的制备:将6-8份聚乙烯胺盐酸盐固体放入去离子水中,用质量分数为5%的氢氧化钠调节pH为4.5,搅拌溶解得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯胺溶液;
戊二醛水溶液的浓度为0.2%,交联度为30%。
进一步的,步骤(2)中羟基磷灰石颗粒的分散:调节表面活性剂六偏磷酸钠pH为8-10,机械搅拌55-65min后,加入羟基磷灰石颗粒,超声波分散10-15min后,微射流分散2-3次,制得20g/L的羟基磷灰石分散液。
进一步的,步骤(3)中单体溶液是浓度为30-40%的N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的无水甲醇溶液,阻聚剂是浓度为4mmol/L的硫酸铜溶液;总吸收剂量为30kGy,平均剂量率为1.8kGy/h。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:
(1)共混聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯胺改性涤纶滤布,通过涂敷、干燥和交联固定化,用聚乙烯醇的羟基和聚乙烯胺的氨基的亲水性来提高改性涤纶滤布的抗污染能力,聚乙烯醇与聚乙烯胺形成相互均匀缠绕的网络结构,这种结构的膜有更好的抗污染性能。
(2)以聚乙烯醇-聚乙烯胺共混改性涤纶滤布为载体,采用热熔法将羟基磷灰石颗粒固载到涤纶滤布表面,热熔法可较好地保持涤纶滤布孔径的大小,制备具有吸附功能的涤纶滤布,对溶液中重金属的吸附性能优;由于颗粒被固着到纤维的表面,原本光滑的涤纶纤维表面变得粗糙,并由于固载方式和颗粒状态的不同,颗粒在纤维表面的存在形式也略有不同。
(3)通过共辐射接枝法,以无水甲醇为溶剂、硫酸铜为阻聚剂,将N-异丙基丙烯酰胺单体接枝聚合到固载羟基磷灰石的涤纶滤布表面;接枝聚合后的涤纶滤布热分解温度降低,单丝表观尺寸增大且表面粗糙度增加,随着接枝率的升高,改性涤纶滤布的接触角逐渐减小,亲水性增强。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)共混聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯胺改性涤纶滤布:
将涤纶滤布用乙醇浸泡除杂后晾干,将聚乙烯醇溶液和聚乙烯胺溶液按质量比1:1混合,磁力搅拌10h均匀,加入1.5%致孔剂聚乙二醇2000继续搅拌2h后,将其均匀的刮在处理好的涤纶滤布上,在44-46℃下鼓风干燥3h,置于50-53℃的戊二醛水溶液中交联40min,在50-55℃下干燥50min,然后在去离子水中浸泡1d去除致孔剂;
(2)热熔法固载羟基磷灰石:
将羟基磷灰石分散液均匀地喷涂到(1)中所得改性涤纶滤布表面,在128-132℃下预烘4min后,于250-253℃下进行热熔处理2min,水洗、烘干;
(3)共辐射接枝N-异丙基丙烯酰胺:
将(2)中所得固载羟基磷灰石的涤纶滤布置于辐照管内,添加单体溶液、阻聚剂,超声脱气20min后,通氮气20min除氧,将辐照管封闭,送入60Co源室内进行共辐射接枝聚合。
进一步的,步骤(1)中聚乙烯醇水溶液的制备:将8份聚乙烯醇1:12溶于去离子水中,快速磁力搅拌20min,静置30min,将水倒出,再加入去离子水,在94-96℃下充分搅拌溶解,冷却至室温,调节pH为5,制得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯醇溶液;
聚乙烯胺溶液的制备:将6份聚乙烯胺盐酸盐固体放入去离子水中,用质量分数为5%的氢氧化钠调节pH为4.5,搅拌溶解得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯胺溶液;
戊二醛水溶液的浓度为0.2%,交联度为30%。
进一步的,步骤(2)中羟基磷灰石颗粒的分散:调节表面活性剂六偏磷酸钠pH为8-10,机械搅拌55min后,加入羟基磷灰石颗粒,超声波分散10min后,微射流分散2次,制得20g/L的羟基磷灰石分散液。
进一步的,步骤(3)中单体溶液是浓度为30%的N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的无水甲醇溶液,阻聚剂是浓度为4mmol/L的硫酸铜溶液;总吸收剂量为30kGy,平均剂量率为1.8kGy/h。
实施例2
一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)共混聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯胺改性涤纶滤布:
将涤纶滤布用乙醇浸泡除杂后晾干,将聚乙烯醇溶液和聚乙烯胺溶液按质量比1:1混合,磁力搅拌12h均匀,加入1.5%致孔剂聚乙二醇2000继续搅拌3h后,将其均匀的刮在处理好的涤纶滤布上,在44-46℃下鼓风干燥4h,置于50-53℃的戊二醛水溶液中交联45min,在50-55℃下干燥60min,然后在去离子水中浸泡2d去除致孔剂;
(2)热熔法固载羟基磷灰石:
将羟基磷灰石分散液均匀地喷涂到(1)中所得改性涤纶滤布表面,在128-132℃下预烘6min后,于250-253℃下进行热熔处理3min,水洗、烘干;
(3)共辐射接枝N-异丙基丙烯酰胺:
将(2)中所得固载羟基磷灰石的涤纶滤布置于辐照管内,添加单体溶液、阻聚剂,超声脱气25min后,通氮气25min除氧,将辐照管封闭,送入60Co源室内进行共辐射接枝聚合。
进一步的,步骤(1)中聚乙烯醇水溶液的制备:将10份聚乙烯醇1:13溶于去离子水中,快速磁力搅拌25min,静置40min,将水倒出,再加入去离子水,在94-96℃下充分搅拌溶解,冷却至室温,调节pH为5,制得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯醇溶液;
聚乙烯胺溶液的制备:将6-8份聚乙烯胺盐酸盐固体放入去离子水中,用质量分数为5%的氢氧化钠调节pH为4.5,搅拌溶解得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯胺溶液;
戊二醛水溶液的浓度为0.2%,交联度为30%。
进一步的,步骤(2)中羟基磷灰石颗粒的分散:调节表面活性剂六偏磷酸钠pH为8-10,机械搅拌65min后,加入羟基磷灰石颗粒,超声波分散15min后,微射流分散3次,制得20g/L的羟基磷灰石分散液。
进一步的,步骤(3)中单体溶液是浓度为40%的N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的无水甲醇溶液,阻聚剂是浓度为4mmol/L的硫酸铜溶液;总吸收剂量为30kGy,平均剂量率为1.8kGy/h。
对比实施例1:与实施例1相比,步骤(2)中未用热熔法固载羟基磷灰石对涤纶滤布进行改性,其他步骤相同。
对比实施例2:与实施例2相比,步骤(3)中未用共辐射接枝N-异丙基丙烯酰胺改性涤纶滤布,其他步骤相同。
按照行业标准对实施例1、实施例2、对比实施例1、对比实施例2中所得改性涤纶滤布进行性能测试,结果记录如下:
从表中可以看出,在对比实施例1中未用热熔法固载羟基磷灰石对涤纶滤布进行改性,导致滤布不具有对重金属的吸附性能,并且单丝断裂强力和断裂强力F降低;在对比实施例2中,未用共辐射接枝N-异丙基丙烯酰胺改性涤纶滤布,导致滤布的空气渗透性变差,并且单丝断裂强力和断裂强力F降低。按照本发明方法制作的单丝滤布用改性涤纶滤布具有优异的抗污染性能,可吸附溶液中的重金属,空气渗透性优,单丝断裂强力和断裂强力F优。

Claims (4)

1.一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)共混聚乙烯醇和聚乙烯胺改性涤纶滤布:
将涤纶滤布用乙醇浸泡除杂后晾干,将聚乙烯醇溶液和聚乙烯胺溶液按质量比1:1混合,磁力搅拌10-12h均匀,加入1.5%致孔剂聚乙二醇2000继续搅拌2-3h后,将其均匀的刮在处理好的涤纶滤布上,在44-46℃下鼓风干燥3-4h,置于50-53℃的戊二醛水溶液中交联40-45min,在50-55℃下干燥50-60min,然后在去离子水中浸泡1-2d去除致孔剂;
(2)热熔法固载羟基磷灰石:
将羟基磷灰石分散液均匀地喷涂到(1)中所得改性涤纶滤布表面,在128-132℃下预烘4-6min后,于250-253℃下进行热熔处理2-3min,水洗、烘干;
(3)共辐射接枝N-异丙基丙烯酰胺:
将(2)中所得固载羟基磷灰石的涤纶滤布置于辐照管内,添加单体溶液、阻聚剂,超声脱气20-25min后,通氮气20-25min除氧,将辐照管封闭,送入60Co源室内进行共辐射接枝聚合。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中聚乙烯醇水溶液的制备:将8-10份聚乙烯醇1:12-13溶于去离子水中,快速磁力搅拌20-25min,静置30-40min,将水倒出,再加入去离子水,在94-96℃下充分搅拌溶解,冷却至室温,调节pH为5,制得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯醇溶液;
聚乙烯胺溶液的制备:将6-8份聚乙烯胺盐酸盐固体放入去离子水中,用质量分数为5%的氢氧化钠调节pH为4.5,搅拌溶解得质量分数为2%的聚乙烯胺溶液;
戊二醛水溶液的浓度为0.2%,交联度为30%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中羟基磷灰石颗粒的分散:
调节表面活性剂六偏磷酸钠pH为8-10,机械搅拌55-65min后,加入羟基磷灰石颗粒,超声波分散10-15min后,微射流分散2-3次,制得20g/L的羟基磷灰石分散液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中单体溶液是浓度为30-40%的N-异丙基丙烯酰胺的无水甲醇溶液,阻聚剂是浓度为4mmol/L的硫酸铜溶液;总吸收剂量为30kGy,平均剂量率为1.8kGy/h。
CN201810957726.2A 2018-08-22 2018-08-22 一种单丝滤布用热熔法固载-共辐射接枝改性涤纶滤布的制备方法 Pending CN109208331A (zh)

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