CN109197361A

CN109197361A - A kind of plantation of citrus and pest control method

Info

Publication number: CN109197361A
Application number: CN201811327338.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢林; 许志奇; 石建锋; 王德旭
Original assignee: Laibin Haisheng Agricultural Co Ltd
Current assignee: Laibin Haisheng Agricultural Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-11-08
Filing date: 2018-11-08
Publication date: 2019-01-15

Abstract

The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of plantation of citrus and pest control method, specifically includes the following steps: (1) selection of land；(2) it is colonized: robust growth, the citrus seedling that plant height is 20cm-30cm being colonized in planting pit, is then tamped after backfill, is then sprinkled sand in one layer, then pour planting water；(3) water and fertilizer irrigation system is established；(4) field management: including watering, applying liquid manure, apply foliar fertilizer, flower and fruit protecting processing, fruit color processing and preventing disease and pest processing.Present invention has the advantage that can reduce the pest and disease damage incidence of citrus, and can be improved the yield of citrus while, can be improved the quality of citrusfruit.

Description

A kind of plantation of citrus and pest control method

[technical field]

The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, and in particular to a kind of plantation of citrus and pest control method.

[background technique]

Citrus (Citrus reticulata Blanco) belongs to platymiscium under Rutaceae.Property happiness warm and moist weather, resist cold Property is slightly strong compared with shaddock, bitter orange, sweet orange.Rutaceae Aurantioideae is distributed between 16 ° -37 ° of north latitude.It is the torrid zone, subtropical evergreen fruit It sets (in addition to trifoliate orange), has 3 categories: Poncirus, Citrus and Fortunella as Economical cultivation.China and the cultivation of other countries of the world Citrus be mainly Citrus.

But citrus devoting exclusive attention to output simply now, apply some compound fertilizers often to achieve the purpose that improve yield, But often occurs hastening parturition excessively, more or less occur that fruit is more and fruit is small, explosion fruit does not occur to the excessive appearance of fruit in environment resistant Real, and apply a large amount of pesticide and carry out disease prevention, the pericarp of fruit has remains of pesticide more, so that the quality of fruit reduces etc. and to show As.

[summary of the invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plantation of citrus and pest control methods, can reduce the pest and disease damage hair of citrus Raw rate, and can be improved the yield of citrus while, can be improved the quality of citrusfruit.

To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:

A kind of plantation of citrus and pest control method, specifically includes the following steps:

(1) selection of land: select sunny, soil layer is deep, the hillside of sandy soil, height above sea level 300-500m as kind Ground is planted, after soil is carried out weeding before planting, is exposed to the sun after 10 days, quick lime is added after burning, is then tedded, so that native Ground extexine fertility increases, and after sunning 3-5 days, deep ploughs, and deep ploughing while is added nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, in adjustment soil The content of n-p-k element respectively reaches 20-25g/100g, 8-10g/100g, 15-22g/100g；

Then digging planting pit is carried out, the distance between planting pit is that 2-2.5m × 3-3.5m carries out out hole, the rule of planting pit Lattice are width 0.5m × 0.5m；

Then organic fertilizer is exerted into planting pit, organic fertilizer is broken up uniformly in planting pit, the sowing amount of organic fertilizer For the cave 250g/, field planting citrus seedling then can be carried out；

(2) it is colonized: robust growth, the citrus seedling that plant height is 20cm-30cm being colonized in planting pit, then after backfill Compacting, then sprinkles sand in one layer, then pours planting water；

(3) establish water and fertilizer irrigation system: water and fertilizer irrigation system includes chemical pond, main pipe and branch pipe and pressure pump；It is described The entrance of pressure pump is connected with chemical pond, and the outlet of pressure pump is connected with the entrance of main pipe；It closes the outlet of the main pipe； The main pipe is mounted on the tandem direction of fruit tree, and several branch pipes is mounted on the upper of main pipe, and corresponds to horizontally-arranged fruit tree Tree installation branch pipe quantity；The entrance of the branch pipe is connected to main pipe, the tree root of the fruit tree of the outlet direction of branch pipe；It is described The entrance of branch pipe and main pipe junction are additionally provided with manual butterfly valve, and the caliber size of branch pipe is the 1/ of the caliber size of main pipe 15；

(4) field management: including watering, applying liquid manure, apply foliar fertilizer, flower and fruit protecting processing, fruit color processing and diseases prevention Insect pest processing；

1) it waters: by adding clear water in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered in main pipe, Then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and control flow is 1 kilogram of clear water of every tree, Every month, watering was primary；

2) apply liquid manure: by liquid manure by the configuration successful in chemical pond after, be then turned on pressure pump, liquid manure be first delivered to In main pipe, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and control flow is every tree 1 It is primary to pour liquid manure every month for kilogram liquid manure, until stopping after pouring liquid manure 6 months；

The liquid manure is prepared by following raw material: the dregs of a decoction 8-15 parts by weight after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore Tailings 5-10 parts by weight, citrus peel residue 3-10 parts by weight, cow dung 15-25 parts by weight, pyroligneous liquor 5-8 parts by weight, tea seed cake 8-20 weight Measure part, Radix Rhapontici extract 5-10 parts by weight, yellow bean sprout extract 3-8 parts by weight；

3) it applies foliar fertilizer: foliar fertilizer is sprayed in the annual 7-9 month, the amount of spraying is 50-80kg/ mus, is sprayed altogether three times, spray Applying time interval is 20 days, uniformly sprays the vacuum side of blade in citrus；

The foliar fertilizer is prepared by following raw material: the dregs of a decoction 10-18 parts by weight after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus Mine tailings 8-12 parts by weight, citrus peel residue 8-15 parts by weight, the withered 10-15 parts by weight of peanut, microelement 3-5 parts by weight, Cortex Phellodendri Extracting solution 3-5 parts by weight, kelp extract 5-8 parts by weight, humic acid 5-10 parts by weight；

The microelement include iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, copper, cobalt, molybdenum according to equal volume ratio compound and obtain；

4) flower and fruit protecting: by the way that clear water is added in chemical pond, it is then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered to main pipe Interior, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and the flow control of water droplet is 100m³/ Hour, after trickle irrigation is dripped clear water 30 minutes, starts that liquid medicine fertilizer will be configured in chemical pond, according to identical flow, citrus is dripped Fertilizer, drop fertilizer amount is single plant 30g, after drop is fertile, is dripped clear water 30 minutes；

The liquid medicine fertilizer is will to pacify outstanding general fertilizer 19-19-19+TE, and the water that 200 times of quality are added is uniformly mixed so as to obtain；

5) promote fruit quality: by the way that clear water is added in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered to master In main pipe, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and the flow control of water droplet is 100m³/ hour after trickle irrigation is dripped clear water 30 minutes, starts that the outstanding general fertilizer 13-13-35 of peace will be added in chemical pond, is diluted with clear water 200-250 times, according to identical flow, drop fertilizer is carried out to citrus, drop fertilizer amount is single plant 20g, and after drop is fertile, drop clear water 30 divides Clock；

6) preventing disease and pest is handled:

Timing carries out tractor machines spray, and when environment temperature reaches 30 DEG C or more, stopping sprays, and requires water-sensitive before spray Paper test, adjusts the travel speed of tractor and the nozzle direction of Insecticide sprayer at any time according to effect, sprays in the annual 1-3 month dilute The 500 times of mass concentrations of fungicide or dilution for releasing the full show-fluazinam of the despot that 2000 times of mass concentrations are 50% are 2% Wen Ding 1000 times of mass concentrations of fungicide and dilution by-kasugarnycin are the fungicide of 33.5% Lian Wei-copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate；

4000 times of insecticide or dilute is diluted spraying Yang Nong-Acetamiprid that mass concentration is 70% the annual 3-5 month Release day mirror-bromine cyanogen thiacloprid that 2000 times of mass concentrations are 15%；

Spraying AVM hereinafter first hydrogen -1000 times of avermectin dilution acaricide that mass concentration is 0.5% the annual 5-7 month The Fenpropathrin for being 4.5% with mass concentration dilutes 1000 times of acaricide；

It is fungicide or the dilution that 50% handsome lattice-fluazinam dilutes 2000 times spraying mass concentration the annual 7-9 month - penta azoles zinc thiazole of green fringe that 70 times of mass concentrations are 40%；

In annual 2 month, 0.3-0.5 meters of trunks below are carried out uniformly whitewashing chemicals treatment.

It further illustrates, the concrete operations of the liquid manure are:

S1 smashes Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis complete stool, and the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% is then added and extracts 48 hours, Then it is filtered using three layers of gauze, takes filtrate, filtrate is poured into Filter column with the speed of 0.2cm/s then and was carried out Filter, Filter column is hollow pipe, and the pore size filter on tube wall is 1-2mm, and the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried Obtain Radix Rhapontici extract；

Soya bean is carried out being dipped to soya bean crust peeling, then picks up, be placed on bean sprouts by S2 using the water that temperature is 30 DEG C Budding is cultivated in case, keeping the temperature in the case of bean sprouts is 26-27 DEG C, and ambient humidity is 90% or more, until yellow bean sprout budding length To 2-3cm, then remove yellow bean sprout shell, take the cotyledon of yellow bean sprout, be added after cotyledon is crushed mass fraction be 75% it is anhydrous Ethanol solution extracts 48 hours, is then poured into Filter column and is filtered with the speed of 0.2cm/s, and Filter column is hollow pipe, Pore size filter on tube wall is 1-2mm, and the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain yellow bean sprout extract；

S3 weighs each raw material in parts by weight；

S4, the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract are the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltds after preparing star anise extract The dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, tea seed cake, cow dung are mixed and build heap fermentation after turning uniformly by the dregs of a decoction 20-30 days, control fermentation process temperature was 40 ± 2 DEG C, primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material was obtained, by fermentation material The water that 50-80 times of quality is added is made compost；

Making compost for previous step is taken upper liquid by S5, and pyroligneous liquor, Radix Rhapontici extract, the mixing of yellow bean sprout extract is then added, Liquid manure can be obtained after 100-200 times of dilution.

It further illustrates, the concrete operations of the foliar fertilizer are:

1., will after kelp wash clean, crush then be added mass fraction be 75% ethanol solution carry out extraction 24 hours, so After filter, concentrate the filtrate to 1.02 times of recycling ethyl alcohol of original volume, by filter residue be added 10 times water boiling 40 minutes, carry out function while hot Rate is ultrasonic wave assisted extraction 1-2 minutes of 200W, then filters to take filtrate, is then concentrated under reduced pressure into 1.01 times of original volume, will Concentrate twice merges, and kelp extract can be obtained；

2., take dry Cortex Phellodendri, be less than 1mm by ultramicro grinding to grain. while Cortex Phellodendri powder is added in digester Clear water is sprayed, until Cortex Phellodendri powder is to stop that Cortex Phellodendri powder is added after 1/10 times of clear water volume, continuously adds clear water, until clear water Volume is to stop that clear water is added after 20 times of Cortex Phellodendri powder, is then shut off digester, keeps carrying out boiling 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, then 85 DEG C of boilings 20 minutes of flame enrichment, then fall fire to 60 DEG C continuation boiling 10 minutes, be filtered while hot, filtrate taken to can be obtained Cortex phellodendri extract；

3., in parts by weight, weigh each raw material；

4., will prepare that the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, peanut be withered, humic acid is mixed and turned Heap to be built after even to ferment 25-35 days, control fermentation process temperature is 40 ± 2 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, it is fermented Material makes compost the water that 40-50 times of quality is added in fermentation material；

5., making compost for previous step taken into upper liquid, be then added cortex phellodendri extract, kelp extract, iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, Microelement obtained by copper, cobalt, molybdenum are compounded according to equal volume ratio mixes, and liquid manure can be obtained after 100-150 times of dilution.

Further illustrate, in step (1), the organic fertilizer be by pig manure, prepare the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract according to It is obtained after building heap fermentation 40-45 days after the mass ratio mixing of 1-3:1.

It further illustrates, described to whitewash medicament ratio are as follows: water in step 6): quick lime: lime sulfur: salt=15: 10:1:0.2。

In the present invention, it further illustrates, in step 6), the tractor travel speed 2.2km/h, pressure 10bar, Both sides need to respectively open 6 spray heads.

In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1, reasonable water and fertilizer management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out for the growth characteristics of citrus in the application, and by setting Upright casting water, fertilizer automatic irrigation device, can for Laibin, Guangxi Province plantation mountainous region on water resource it is few, the low item of precipitation Part, it is at high cost if progress artificially applying fertilizer labour is big.The watering pipeline of the applicant's design can be pressurizeed by water pump will Water/liquid manure is delivered to the citrus plant planted on mountainous region, and is connected between the branch pipe and main pipe being most higher by by first opening Manual butterfly valve, manual butterfly valve, which is opened, enables to the water on main pipe then to flow out by branch outlet by branch pipe, pours To corresponding fruit tree；First pass through flow velocity in advance and flow rate calculation need watering/liquid manure amount well needed for manually will not after the time again The manual butterfly valve to exist together is successively closed, and ensure that drop fertilizer/watering amount is identical.

If 2, discovery citrus is intended to grow after study, it is necessary to strict control fertilising and the fertilizer variety and application that apply The nutritive proportion of fertilizer, and many peasant households are applied fertilizer using the compound fertilizer purchased on the market now, are not had for soil The characteristic of earth itself applies the compound fertilizer of adaptive element proportion, so that the growing way of citrus is not up to growth rhythm, discovery fruit tree mentions Advance into the florescence or fallen flowers fruiting period shift to an earlier date, such situation usually occur fruit rate it is not high/fruit partial size is too small/fruit grain Diameter is excessive, and above situation can reduce the quality of fruit.In the liquid manure composition designed in the application, after preparing star anise extract The dregs of a decoction are the dregs of a decoction of the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd after preparing star anise extract, and the component ratio of the dregs of a decoction is organic matter 48.2-53.6g/kg, full nitrogen 25.6-26.3g/kg, full potassium 7.2-7.9g/kg, full phosphorus 2.5-2.7g/kg, calcium constituent 7.2- 9.4g/kg, ferro element 2.4-3.1g/kg, magnesium elements 2.5-3.0g/kg, Zn-ef ficiency 1.9-2.2g/kg, crude protein 3.0- 4.2%, crude fat 1.3-2.4%, cellulose 21.3-24.6%, lignin 7.6-9.1%, hemicellulose 3.5-4.9%, mine Substance 1.5-1.8%, amino acid 1 .4-1.9%, total starches 18.2-19.0%, flavonoids 11.2-13.1%；In citrus peel residue Contain a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, glycoside, acids etc.；Contain P elements in phosphorus ore tailing；Contain soap in tea seed cake Glycosides, crude protein, amino acid, essential oil, tannin, bases；Cow dung contains a large amount of organic matters and carbon source；The dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, Citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, tea seed cake, cow dung mixed fermentation can not only discharge the nutritional ingredient in each raw material, and citrus The acid of skin slag release can promote the softening of phosphorus tailing surface layer that P elements are quickly precipitated, and improve phosphonium ion activity, fermenting In the process, the nutrient content that can be directly utilized in rear leachate is made compost in cellulose decomposition saccharides glucose, raising, leachate Carbon-nitrogen ratio is 10:7, and the fermentation material made compost controls the humidity of fermentation material through super-interval turning, and oxygen content improves in fermentation process The activity of microorganism, the activity for accelerating fermentation process improve capacity of decomposition, the vigor of fermentation material fermentation are improved, to mention Small-molecule substance content after high fermentation material decomposes；Contain a large amount of flavonoids, alkaloid, yellow bean sprout extract in Radix Rhapontici extract In contain a large amount of saponin(e, alkaloid, the fermentation of materials that can make up for it in fermentation material that cooperates, which is made compost, has one in leachate Do not have bactericidal and Insecticidal effect after determining sterilization and disinsection ability substance decomposition, and is not only capable of providing plant by adding pyroligneous liquor Nutrition adjustment hormone, minerals and vitamins needed for object can also activate Radix Rhapontici extract, flavonoids in yellow bean sprout extract, The activity of alkaloid improves sterilization and disinsection ability.

3, contain a large amount of alginic acid, alga oligosaccharides in kelp extract, contain jamaicin in cortex phellodendri extract, and It carries out using ultrasonic wave assisted extraction in kelp extract technique, improves the content of extract, in the technique of cortex phellodendri extract, Cortex Phellodendri powder and clear water add jointly can prevent from first adding then addition powder due to clear water, and the ion between powder attracts each other, One layer of protective layer with some tension is formed in clear water upper surface, makes powder be difficult to, it is heated to influence powder digestion process Uneven situation, in addition, being easy to float everywhere during toppling over, dipping on the inner surface of digester, especially since powder is small It is the position apart from digester mouth, so that clear water can not be dipped into powder in time, reduces the effective content of ingredient in extracting solution, The applicant improves 5.2% using active constituent content under the technological means discovery equal conditions of the application, if being intended to reach Identical effect does not use while spraying clear water and addition powder, it is necessary to which accurate calculation ratio uses the boiling for the size that matches Pot, and artificial stirring is needed to can be only achieved identical effect, time-consuming consumptive material；Boiling is carried out by sublevel layer, it can after heating Quickly make powder expansion heated, is then extracted using cooling and the effective component structure in extracting solution is enabled to not to be destroyed, from And improve the content of effective component.The extractive technique means of the application cooperate, complement each other, and the effect reached is much super Cross technical effect caused by the single prior art.The dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract are the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltds The dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract, the component ratio of the dregs of a decoction are organic matter 48.2-53.6g/kg, full nitrogen 25.6-26.3g/ Kg, full potassium 7.2-7.9g/kg, full phosphorus 2.5-2.7g/kg, calcium constituent 7.2-9.4g/kg, ferro element 2.4-3.1g/kg, magnesium elements 2.5-3.0g/kg, Zn-ef ficiency 1.9-2.2g/kg, crude protein 3.0-4.2%, crude fat 1.3-2.4%, cellulose 21.3- 24.6%, lignin 7.6-9.1%, hemicellulose 3.5-4.9%, minerals 1.5-1.8%, amino acid 1 .4-1.9% are total more Sugared 18.2-19.0%, flavonoids 11.2-13.1%；Contain a large amount of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectin, glycosides in citrus peel residue Class, acids etc.；Contain P elements in phosphorus ore tailing；Contain a large amount of albumen, P elements, potassium element during peanut is withered；Star anise extract The dregs of a decoction, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, peanut afterwards is withered, humic acid mixed fermentation can not only discharge the nutrition in each raw material Ingredient, and acid, acidic materials collective effect promotion phosphorus tailing surface layer is presented in the acid humic acid of citrus peel residue release P elements are quickly precipitated in softening, improve phosphonium ion activity, and during the fermentation, cellulose decomposition glucose, raising is soaked after making compost The nutrient content that can be directly utilized in liquid out, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of leachate are 9:5, carbon nitrogen needed for being suitble to the growth of 7-9 month citrus Ratio, the fermentation material made compost control the humidity of fermentation material through super-interval turning, and oxygen content improves microorganism in fermentation process Activity, and plant absorption is more easier by foliar fertilizer, it can be improved citrus chlorophyll content applying foliar fertilizer the 7-9 month, it is multiple Microelement, kelp extract, cortex phellodendri extract are specially compounded in the raw material matched can be improved the disease resistance of citrus；The application The not simple superposition of raw material, but be directed to Ci trus growth characteristic, specially compounded the foliar fertilizer of the application, each raw material Processing step, the ratio between raw material are all to cooperate, complement each other, and the effect reached is considerably beyond single prior art institute The technical effect of generation.

4, the field management of the application passes through the study found that needing timely to water, applying liquid manure, apply foliar fertilizer, protect Flower and fruit processing, fruit color processing and preventing disease and pest are handled, and in the technology that the application uses, can reach incidence of insect disease It is the effect within 5%.Apply the outstanding general fertilizer 19-19-19+TE of peace and cooperate the mode of application, flower_bud formation can be promoted, increased Tree nutrition promotes the growth of cauline leaf to prevent and correct fruit tree calcium deficiency phenomenon, improves fruit quality, promotes root growth, supplement Amino acid and calcium magnesium element promote photosynthesis.Apply the outstanding general fertilizer 13-13-35 of peace, and cooperate the mode of application, can enhance Trunk infusion promotes the examination of fruits nutrition, increases the formation of coloring.The control prece of the pest and disease damage of use can effectively be prevented It has controlled citrus and late blight, frost immune mildew, aphid, red spider, tea lesser leafhopper, banded sclerotial blight, rice blast occurs.

[specific embodiment]

In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, below with reference to embodiment to this hair Bright specific embodiment is described in detail.Many details are explained in the following description in order to fully understand this Invention.But the invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, those skilled in the art can be Without prejudice to doing similar improvement in the case where intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Embodiment 1:

One, raw material preparation:

1, the concrete operations of liquid manure are:

S1 smashes Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis complete stool, and the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% is then added and extracts 48 hours, Then it is filtered using three layers of gauze, takes filtrate, filtrate is poured into Filter column with the speed of 0.2cm/s then and was carried out Filter, Filter column is hollow pipe, and the pore size filter on tube wall is 1mm, and the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain To Radix Rhapontici extract；

Soya bean is carried out being dipped to soya bean crust peeling, then picks up, be placed on bean sprouts by S2 using the water that temperature is 30 DEG C Budding is cultivated in case, keeping the temperature in the case of bean sprouts is 26 DEG C, and ambient humidity is 90% or more, until yellow bean sprout budding is long extremely Then 2cm removes yellow bean sprout shell, takes the cotyledon of yellow bean sprout, the dehydrated alcohol that mass fraction is 75% is added after cotyledon is crushed Solution extracts 48 hours, is then poured into Filter column and is filtered with the speed of 0.2cm/s, Filter column is hollow pipe, tube wall On pore size filter be 1mm, the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain yellow bean sprout extract；

S3 weighs each raw material in parts by weight, 8 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tailing 5 parts by weight, 3 parts by weight of citrus peel residue, 15 parts by weight of cow dung, 5 parts by weight of pyroligneous liquor, 8 parts by weight of tea seed cake, 5 weight of Radix Rhapontici extract Measure part, 3 parts by weight of yellow bean sprout extract；

S4, the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract are the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltds after preparing star anise extract The dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, tea seed cake, cow dung are mixed and build heap fermentation 20 after turning uniformly by the dregs of a decoction It, control fermentation process temperature is 40 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material is obtained, fermentation material is added 50 times The water of quality is made compost；

Making compost for previous step is taken upper liquid by S5, and pyroligneous liquor, Radix Rhapontici extract, the mixing of yellow bean sprout extract is then added, Liquid manure can be obtained after 100 times of dilution.

2, the concrete operations of foliar fertilizer are:

1., will after kelp wash clean, crush then be added mass fraction be 75% ethanol solution carry out extraction 24 hours, so After filter, concentrate the filtrate to 1.02 times of recycling ethyl alcohol of original volume, by filter residue be added 10 times water boiling 40 minutes, carry out function while hot Rate is ultrasonic wave assisted extraction 1 minute of 200W, then filters to take filtrate, 1.01 times of original volume is then concentrated under reduced pressure into, by two Secondary concentrate merges, and kelp extract can be obtained；

3., in parts by weight, weigh each raw material, 10 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tail 8 parts by weight of sand, 8 parts by weight of citrus peel residue, withered 10 parts by weight of peanut, 3 parts by weight of microelement, 3 parts by weight of cortex phellodendri extract, sea Band 5 parts by weight of extracting solution, 5 parts by weight of humic acid；

4., will prepare that the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, peanut be withered, humic acid is mixed and turned Heap to be built after even to ferment 25 days, control fermentation process temperature is 40 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material is obtained, it will The water that 40 times of quality are added in fermentation material is made compost；

5., making compost for previous step taken into upper liquid, be then added cortex phellodendri extract, kelp extract, iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, Microelement obtained by copper, cobalt, molybdenum are compounded according to equal volume ratio mixes, and liquid manure can be obtained after 100 times of dilution.

3, organic fertilizer is by pig manure, prepares after the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:1 and build heap fermentation It is obtained after 40 days.

4, medicament ratio is whitewashed are as follows: water: quick lime: lime sulfur: salt=15:10:1:0.2.

Two, above-mentioned ready raw material is applied in following Plant planes:

(1) selection of land: select sunny, soil layer is deep, the hillside of sandy soil, height above sea level 300m as plantation It is exposed to the sun after 10 days after soil is carried out weeding before planting, quick lime is added after burning, is then tedded, so that soil in ground Extexine fertility increases, and after sunning 3 days, deep ploughs, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is added in deep ploughing while, adjusts the nitrogen phosphorus in soil The content of potassium element respectively reaches 20g/100g, 8g/100g, 15g/100g；

Then digging planting pit is carried out, the distance between planting pit is that 2m × 3m carries out out hole, and the specification of planting pit is width 0.5m×0.5m；

(2) it is colonized: robust growth, the citrus seedling that plant height is 20cm being colonized in planting pit, then tamped after backfill, Then sand in one layer is sprinkled, planting water is then poured；

3) it applies foliar fertilizer: foliar fertilizer is sprayed in annual July, the amount of spraying is 50kg/ mus, is sprayed three times, when spraying altogether Between between be divided into 20 days, uniformly spray the vacuum side of blade in citrus；

5) promote fruit quality: by the way that clear water is added in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered to master In main pipe, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and the flow control of water droplet is 100m³/ hour after trickle irrigation is dripped clear water 30 minutes, starts that the outstanding general fertilizer 13-13-35 of peace will be added in chemical pond, is diluted with clear water 200 times, according to identical flow, drop fertilizer is carried out to citrus, drop fertilizer amount is single plant 20g, after drop is fertile, is dripped clear water 30 minutes；

6) preventing disease and pest is handled:

In annual 2 month, 0.3 meter of trunk below is carried out uniformly whitewashing chemicals treatment；

The tractor travel speed 2.2km/h, pressure 10bar, both sides need to respectively open 6 spray heads.

Embodiment 2:

One, raw material preparation:

1, the concrete operations of liquid manure are:

S1 smashes Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis complete stool, and the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% is then added and extracts 48 hours, Then it is filtered using three layers of gauze, takes filtrate, filtrate is poured into Filter column with the speed of 0.2cm/s then and was carried out Filter, Filter column is hollow pipe, and the pore size filter on tube wall is 2mm, and the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain To Radix Rhapontici extract；

Soya bean is carried out being dipped to soya bean crust peeling, then picks up, be placed on bean sprouts by S2 using the water that temperature is 30 DEG C Budding is cultivated in case, keeping the temperature in the case of bean sprouts is 27 DEG C, and ambient humidity is 90% or more, until yellow bean sprout budding is long extremely Then 3cm removes yellow bean sprout shell, takes the cotyledon of yellow bean sprout, the dehydrated alcohol that mass fraction is 75% is added after cotyledon is crushed Solution extracts 48 hours, is then poured into Filter column and is filtered with the speed of 0.2cm/s, Filter column is hollow pipe, tube wall On pore size filter be 2mm, the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain yellow bean sprout extract；

S3 weighs each raw material in parts by weight, 15 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tail 10 parts by weight of sand, 10 parts by weight of citrus peel residue, 25 parts by weight of cow dung, 8 parts by weight of pyroligneous liquor, 20 parts by weight of tea seed cake, Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis extract 10 parts by weight of object, 8 parts by weight of yellow bean sprout extract；

S4, the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract are the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltds after preparing star anise extract The dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, tea seed cake, cow dung are mixed and build heap fermentation 30 after turning uniformly by the dregs of a decoction It, control fermentation process temperature is 40 ± 2 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material is obtained, fermentation material is added 80 The water of times quality is made compost；

Making compost for previous step is taken upper liquid by S5, and pyroligneous liquor, Radix Rhapontici extract, the mixing of yellow bean sprout extract is then added, Liquid manure can be obtained after 200 times of dilution.

2, the concrete operations of foliar fertilizer are:

1., will after kelp wash clean, crush then be added mass fraction be 75% ethanol solution carry out extraction 24 hours, so After filter, concentrate the filtrate to 1.02 times of recycling ethyl alcohol of original volume, by filter residue be added 10 times water boiling 40 minutes, carry out function while hot Rate is ultrasonic wave assisted extraction 2 minutes of 200W, then filters to take filtrate, 1.01 times of original volume is then concentrated under reduced pressure into, by two Secondary concentrate merges, and kelp extract can be obtained；

3., in parts by weight, weigh each raw material, 18 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tail 12 parts by weight of sand, 15 parts by weight of citrus peel residue, withered 15 parts by weight of peanut, 5 parts by weight of microelement, 5 parts by weight of cortex phellodendri extract, 8 parts by weight of kelp extract, 10 parts by weight of humic acid；

4., will prepare that the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, peanut be withered, humic acid is mixed and turned Heap to be built after even to ferment 35 days, control fermentation process temperature is 42 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material is obtained, it will The water that 50 times of quality are added in fermentation material is made compost；

5., making compost for previous step taken into upper liquid, be then added cortex phellodendri extract, kelp extract, iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, Microelement obtained by copper, cobalt, molybdenum are compounded according to equal volume ratio mixes, and liquid manure can be obtained after 150 times of dilution.

3, organic fertilizer is by pig manure, prepares after the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract are mixed according to the mass ratio of 3:1 and build heap fermentation It is obtained after 45 days.

Two, above-mentioned ready raw material is applied in following Plant planes:

(1) selection of land: select sunny, soil layer is deep, the hillside of sandy soil, height above sea level 500m as plantation It is exposed to the sun after 10 days after soil is carried out weeding before planting, quick lime is added after burning, is then tedded, so that soil in ground Extexine fertility increases, and after sunning 5 days, deep ploughs, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is added in deep ploughing while, adjusts the nitrogen phosphorus in soil The content of potassium element respectively reaches 25g/100g, 10g/100g, 22g/100g；

Then digging planting pit is carried out, the distance between planting pit is that 2.5m × 3.5m carries out out hole, and the specification of planting pit is Wide 0.5m × 0.5m；

(2) it is colonized: robust growth, the citrus seedling that plant height is 30cm being colonized in planting pit, then tamped after backfill, Then sand in one layer is sprinkled, planting water is then poured；

3) it applies foliar fertilizer: foliar fertilizer is sprayed in the annual 7-9 month, the amount of spraying is 80kg/ mus, sprays three times, sprays altogether Time interval is 20 days, uniformly sprays the vacuum side of blade in citrus；

5) promote fruit quality: by the way that clear water is added in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered to master In main pipe, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and the flow control of water droplet is 100m³/ hour after trickle irrigation is dripped clear water 30 minutes, starts that the outstanding general fertilizer 13-13-35 of peace will be added in chemical pond, is diluted with clear water 250 times, according to identical flow, drop fertilizer is carried out to citrus, drop fertilizer amount is single plant 20g, after drop is fertile, is dripped clear water 30 minutes；

6) preventing disease and pest is handled:

In annual 2 month, 0.5 meter of trunk below is carried out uniformly whitewashing chemicals treatment；

Embodiment 3:

One, raw material preparation:

1, the concrete operations of liquid manure are:

S1 smashes Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis complete stool, and the ethanol solution that mass fraction is 75% is then added and extracts 48 hours, Then it is filtered using three layers of gauze, takes filtrate, filtrate is poured into Filter column with the speed of 0.2cm/s then and was carried out Filter, Filter column is hollow pipe, and the pore size filter on tube wall is 1.5mm, and the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried Obtain Radix Rhapontici extract；

Soya bean is carried out being dipped to soya bean crust peeling, then picks up, be placed on bean sprouts by S2 using the water that temperature is 30 DEG C Budding is cultivated in case, keeping the temperature in the case of bean sprouts is 26 DEG C, and ambient humidity is 90% or more, until yellow bean sprout budding is long extremely Then 2.5cm removes yellow bean sprout shell, takes the cotyledon of yellow bean sprout, the anhydrous second that mass fraction is 75% is added after cotyledon is crushed Alcoholic solution extracts 48 hours, is then poured into Filter column and is filtered with the speed of 0.2cm/s, and Filter column is hollow pipe, pipe Pore size filter on wall is 1.5mm, and the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain yellow bean sprout extract；

S3 weighs each raw material in parts by weight, 10 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tail 8 parts by weight of sand, 8 parts by weight of citrus peel residue, 20 parts by weight of cow dung, 6 parts by weight of pyroligneous liquor, 12 parts by weight of tea seed cake, Radix Rhapontici extract 7 Parts by weight, 5 parts by weight of yellow bean sprout extract；

S4, the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract are the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltds after preparing star anise extract The dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, tea seed cake, cow dung are mixed and build heap fermentation 28 after turning uniformly by the dregs of a decoction It, control fermentation process temperature is 38 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material is obtained, fermentation material is added 65 times The water of quality is made compost；

Making compost for previous step is taken upper liquid by S5, and pyroligneous liquor, Radix Rhapontici extract, the mixing of yellow bean sprout extract is then added, Liquid manure can be obtained after 150 times of dilution.

2, the concrete operations of foliar fertilizer are:

1., will after kelp wash clean, crush then be added mass fraction be 75% ethanol solution carry out extraction 24 hours, so After filter, concentrate the filtrate to 1.02 times of recycling ethyl alcohol of original volume, by filter residue be added 10 times water boiling 40 minutes, carry out function while hot Rate is ultrasonic wave assisted extraction 1.5 minutes of 200W, then filters to take filtrate, is then concentrated under reduced pressure into 1.01 times of original volume, will Concentrate twice merges, and kelp extract can be obtained；

3., in parts by weight, weigh each raw material, 13 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tail 10 parts by weight of sand, 10 parts by weight of citrus peel residue, withered 12 parts by weight of peanut, 4 parts by weight of microelement, 4 parts by weight of cortex phellodendri extract, 7 parts by weight of kelp extract, 8 parts by weight of humic acid；

4., will prepare that the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, peanut be withered, humic acid is mixed and turned Heap to be built after even to ferment 30 days, control fermentation process temperature is 38 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material is obtained, it will The water that 45 times of quality are added in fermentation material is made compost；

5., making compost for previous step taken into upper liquid, be then added cortex phellodendri extract, kelp extract, iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, Microelement obtained by copper, cobalt, molybdenum are compounded according to equal volume ratio mixes, and liquid manure can be obtained after 125 times of dilution.

3, organic fertilizer is by pig manure, prepares after the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract are mixed according to the mass ratio of 2:1 and build heap fermentation It is obtained after 43 days.

Two, above-mentioned ready raw material is applied in following Plant planes:

(1) selection of land: select sunny, soil layer is deep, the hillside of sandy soil, height above sea level 400m as plantation It is exposed to the sun after 10 days after soil is carried out weeding before planting, quick lime is added after burning, is then tedded, so that soil in ground Extexine fertility increases, and after sunning 4 days, deep ploughs, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is added in deep ploughing while, adjusts the nitrogen phosphorus in soil The content of potassium element respectively reaches 23g/100g, 9g/100g, 18g/100g；

Then digging planting pit is carried out, the distance between planting pit is that 2.2m × 3.3m carries out out hole, and the specification of planting pit is Wide 0.5m × 0.5m；

(2) it is colonized: robust growth, the citrus seedling that plant height is 25cm being colonized in planting pit, then tamped after backfill, Then sand in one layer is sprinkled, planting water is then poured；

3) it applies foliar fertilizer: foliar fertilizer is sprayed in the annual 7-9 month, the amount of spraying is 65kg/ mus, sprays three times, sprays altogether Time interval is 20 days, uniformly sprays the vacuum side of blade in citrus；

5) promote fruit quality: by the way that clear water is added in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered to master In main pipe, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and the flow control of water droplet is 100m³/ hour after trickle irrigation is dripped clear water 30 minutes, starts that the outstanding general fertilizer 13-13-35 of peace will be added in chemical pond, is diluted with clear water 225 times, according to identical flow, drop fertilizer is carried out to citrus, drop fertilizer amount is single plant 20g, after drop is fertile, is dripped clear water 30 minutes；

6) preventing disease and pest is handled:

In annual 2 month, 0.4 meter of trunk below is carried out uniformly whitewashing chemicals treatment；

Comparative example 1:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: in the preparation process S4 of liquid manure Following operation: the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract are medicine of the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd after preparing star anise extract The dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, tea seed cake, cow dung are mixed and build heap fermentation 28 after turning uniformly by slag It, obtains fermentation material, and the water that 65 times of quality are added in fermentation material is made compost.

Comparative example 2:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis is free of in liquid manure raw material 7 parts by weight of extract, 5 parts by weight of yellow bean sprout extract.

Comparative example 3:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: soya bean is free of in liquid manure raw material 5 parts by weight of bud extract.

Comparative example 4:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis is free of in liquid manure raw material 7 parts by weight of extract.

Comparative example 5:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: citrus is free of in liquid manure raw material 8 parts by weight of skin slag.

Comparative example 6:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: without preparation in liquid manure raw material 10 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract.

Test one:

According to embodiment 1-3, comparative example 1-6, CK: common Plant plane designs 10 processing groups altogether, and each processing group is set The area of 1 mu of meter, the adjacent of each processing group are embedded under the soil of intersection using insulation film and are spaced, insulation film Buried depth is 1.0-1.5 meters；The place of processing plantation is the kind of plantation on the Wuxuan County of Guangxi province Laibin City are as follows: Niu Heer, the time of test are on 2 10th, 2014 on 2 10th, 2018.Citrusfruit is carried out December in November, 2017- Harvesting, and weigh and count to fruit classification, and measure the soluble solid content of fruit with portable saccharous detector, use vernier 10 fruits of slide calliper rule random measurement to the vertical diameter of fruit, transverse diameter averaging and make a record respectively.

Table 1

As seen from the above table, after using the Capsicum yield of the application, the amount of single plant fruit at least compares CK and improves 4-16, rises Width per mu yield at least improves 13.9%；Fruit indulge diameter at least improve 5 centimetres, transverse diameter at least improve 3 centimetres.

Control group 1:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: the preparation process of foliar fertilizer In, the concrete operations of cortex phellodendri extract are: taking dry Cortex Phellodendri, be less than 1mm by ultramicro grinding to grain, be added in digester Then Cortex Phellodendri powder is added in clear water, until Cortex Phellodendri powder is to stop that Cortex Phellodendri powder is added after 1/10 times of clear water volume, continuously add clear Water is then shut off digester, keeps being steamed at 60 DEG C until the volume of clear water is to stop that clear water is added after 20 times of Cortex Phellodendri powder Boil 30 minutes, then the 85 of flame enrichment DEG C boiling 20 minutes, then fall fire to 60 DEG C continuation boiling 10 minutes, be filtered while hot, Take filtrate that cortex phellodendri extract can be obtained.

Control group 2:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: the preparation process of foliar fertilizer In, the concrete operations of cortex phellodendri extract are: taking dry Cortex Phellodendri, be less than 1mm by ultramicro grinding to grain, in digester on one side Cortex Phellodendri powder is added and sprays clear water on one side, until Cortex Phellodendri powder is to stop that Cortex Phellodendri powder is added after 1/10 times of clear water volume, continuously adds Clear water is then shut off digester, keeps carrying out at 60 DEG C until the volume of clear water is to stop that clear water is added after 20 times of Cortex Phellodendri powder It boiling 60 minutes, is filtered while hot, takes filtrate that cortex phellodendri extract can be obtained.

Control group 3:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: the preparation process of foliar fertilizer In, the concrete operations of cortex phellodendri extract are: taking dry Cortex Phellodendri, be less than 1mm by ultramicro grinding to grain, be added in digester Then Cortex Phellodendri powder is added in clear water, until Cortex Phellodendri powder is to stop that Cortex Phellodendri powder is added after 1/10 times of clear water volume, continuously add clear Water is then shut off digester, 85 DEG C of boilings 60 is kept to divide until the volume of clear water is to stop that clear water is added after 20 times of Cortex Phellodendri powder Clock is filtered while hot, takes filtrate that cortex phellodendri extract can be obtained.

Control group 4:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: in the preparation process of foliar fertilizer 4., will prepare that the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, peanut be withered, humic acid mixes after turning uniformly and builds heap Fermentation 30 days, control fermentation process temperature are 38 DEG C, obtain fermentation material, the water that 45 times of quality are added in fermentation material is made compost.

Control group 5:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: in the raw material compounding of foliar fertilizer Without preparing 13 parts by weight of the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract.

Control group 6:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: in the raw material compounding of foliar fertilizer Without 10 parts by weight of citrus peel residue, 8 parts by weight of humic acid.

Control group 7:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: in the raw material compounding of foliar fertilizer Without 4 parts by weight of cortex phellodendri extract, 7 parts by weight of kelp extract.

Control group 8:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: in the raw material compounding of foliar fertilizer Without 4 parts by weight of cortex phellodendri extract.

Control group 9:

The implantation methods and raw material of the embodiment are substantially the same manner as Example 3, and difference is: in the raw material compounding of foliar fertilizer Without 7 parts by weight of kelp extract.

Test two: by embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-9, CK: common implantation methods, the fertilizer applications of use are also city The compound fertilizer of face purchase applies fertilizer.13 processing groups are designed altogether, and each processing group designs 1 mu of area, each processing group Adjacent be embedded under the soil of intersection and be spaced using insulation film, the buried depth of insulation film is 1.0-1.5 meters； The place of processing plantation is the kind of plantation on the Wuxuan County of Guangxi province Laibin City are as follows: Niu Heer, the time of test are 2014 10 days 2 months on 2 10th, 2018.Citrusfruit harvesting is carried out December in November, 2017-, and is weighed and united to fruit classification Meter to the vertical diameter of fruit, transverse diameter averaging and is made a record, using 10 fruits of vernier caliper random measurement every respectively Year records pest and disease damage frequency, 3 years summations the 7-9 month respectively, and records.

Table 2

As seen from the above table, the foliar fertilizer designed using the application can have good control efficiency to pest and disease damage, and real Applying a 1-3 also has the effect of the more excellent yield that can be improved citrusfruit compared to the scheme that CK group is commonly planted.

For above-described embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-9, CK: common implantation methods, the fruit of acquisition, each group of collection Similar 5 fruits of fruit partial size, detect flavones content, the content of hesperidin of pericarp, and in the fruit stone of fruit Limonoid is detected:

The detecting step of limonoid content is in fruit stone: fruit stone drying → milling, crosses 40 mesh → 50 DEG C petroleum ethers It impregnates 40min degreasing → 90% alcohol steep → vacuum revolving → methylene chloride removal of impurities → and rotates to obtain crystallization.

The detecting step of the flavones content of pericarp is: peeling after citrus is washed, then Pon orange peel air drying and stoving to perseverance Weight.It is crushed using multifunctional crusher, crosses 60 meshes, then carry out water-bath extraction using ethanol solution, extracted 2 times, merge filter Liquid is concentrated under reduced pressure into 1.01 times of recycling ethanol solutions of original volume, and then spray drying obtains powder.

The detecting step of the content of hesperidin of pericarp is: by pericarp dries pulverizing, concentration of alcohol 70% is added, extracts 3min, liquid-solid ratio 45mL/g, homogenate extraction 2 times.

Table 3

As seen from the above table, using the technology of the application after the 7-9 month periodically sprays foliar fertilizer, flavonoids in the pericarp of fruit It is significantly improved with content of hesperidin, after the fruit of picking carries out processed fruit can, a large amount of pericarp can be left, present pericarp Effect is to carry out further extracting the economic benefit that can be improved fruit in pericarp after flavonoids and aurantiamarin, because yellow in pericarp Ketone and aurantiamarin can have therapeutic effect to angiocarpy, and have the health-care effects such as good reducing blood lipid, improve in fruit Pericarp flavonoids and content of hesperidin can further improve the quality of fruit, and after the pulp of fruit is separated with fruit stone Limonoid is extracted in fruit stone, can utilize the economic benefit of fruit, further also in order to improve the class lemon in fruit stone Bitter principle content, my company does not carry out seedlessness processing to fruit, and company is studied by applying me in important growth period Foliar fertilizer, the enrichment of limonoid content in fruit growth fruit stone can be promoted, and then improve the economic benefit of fruit.

The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Limitation of the scope of the invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention It encloses.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. a kind of citrus plantation and pest control method, it is characterised in that: specifically includes the following steps:

(1) selection of land: select sunny, soil layer is deep, the hillside of sandy soil, height above sea level 300-500m as plantation It is exposed to the sun after 10 days after soil is carried out weeding before planting, quick lime is added after burning, is then tedded, so that soil in ground Extexine fertility increases, and after sunning 3-5 days, deep ploughs, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the nitrogen in adjustment soil is added in deep ploughing while The content of phosphorus potassium element respectively reaches 20-25g/100g, 8-10g/100g, 15-22g/100g；

Then digging planting pit is carried out, the distance between planting pit is that 2-2.5m × 3-3.5m carries out out hole, and the specification of planting pit is Wide 0.5m × 0.5m；

Then organic fertilizer is exerted into planting pit, organic fertilizer is broken up uniformly in planting pit, the sowing amount of organic fertilizer is Then the cave 250g/ can carry out field planting citrus seedling；

(2) it is colonized: robust growth, the citrus seedling that plant height is 20cm-30cm being colonized in planting pit, then backfill rear screed It is real, sand in one layer is then sprinkled, planting water is then poured；

(3) establish water and fertilizer irrigation system: water and fertilizer irrigation system includes chemical pond, main pipe and branch pipe and pressure pump；The pressure The entrance of pump is connected with chemical pond, and the outlet of pressure pump is connected with the entrance of main pipe；It closes the outlet of the main pipe；It is described Main pipe is mounted on the tandem direction of fruit tree, and several branch pipes is mounted on the upper of main pipe, and the tree of corresponding horizontally-arranged fruit tree The quantity of branch pipe is installed；The entrance of the branch pipe is connected to main pipe, the tree root of the fruit tree of the outlet direction of branch pipe；The branch pipe Entrance and main pipe junction be additionally provided with manual butterfly valve, the caliber size of branch pipe is the 1/15 of the caliber size of main pipe；

(4) field management: including watering, applying liquid manure, apply foliar fertilizer, flower and fruit protecting processing, fruit color processing and preventing disease and pest Processing；

1) it waters: by adding clear water in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered in main pipe, then Successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and control flow is 1 kilogram of clear water of every tree, each Moon watering is primary；

2) apply liquid manure: by liquid manure by the configuration successful in chemical pond after, be then turned on pressure pump, liquid manure be first delivered to trunk In pipe, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and control flow is every and sets 1 kilogram It is primary to pour liquid manure every month for liquid manure, until stopping after pouring liquid manure 6 months；

The liquid manure is prepared by following raw material: the dregs of a decoction 8-15 parts by weight after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tailing 5-10 parts by weight, citrus peel residue 3-10 parts by weight, cow dung 15-25 parts by weight, pyroligneous liquor 5-8 parts by weight, tea seed cake 8-20 parts by weight, Radix Rhapontici extract 5-10 parts by weight, yellow bean sprout extract 3-8 parts by weight；

3) it applies foliar fertilizer: foliar fertilizer is sprayed in the annual 7-9 month, the amount of spraying is 50-80kg/ mus, is sprayed three times, when spraying altogether Between between be divided into 20 days, uniformly spray the vacuum side of blade in citrus；

The foliar fertilizer is prepared by following raw material: the dregs of a decoction 10-18 parts by weight after preparing star anise extract, phosphorus ore tail Sand 8-12 parts by weight, citrus peel residue 8-15 parts by weight, the withered 10-15 parts by weight of peanut, microelement 3-5 parts by weight, Cortex Phellodendri are extracted Liquid 3-5 parts by weight, kelp extract 5-8 parts by weight, humic acid 5-10 parts by weight；

4) flower and fruit protecting: by the way that clear water is added in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water be first delivered in main pipe, Then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and the flow control of water droplet is 100m³/ small When, after trickle irrigation is dripped clear water 30 minutes, start that liquid medicine fertilizer will be configured in chemical pond, according to identical flow, drop fertilizer carried out to citrus, Drop fertilizer amount is single plant 30g, after drop is fertile, is dripped clear water 30 minutes；

5) promote fruit quality: by the way that clear water is added in chemical pond, being then turned on pressure pump, clear water is first delivered to main pipe Interior, then successively the manual butterfly valve on from height above sea level highest point to the branch pipe of lowest point is opened, and the flow control of water droplet is 100m³/ Hour, after trickle irrigation is dripped clear water 30 minutes, starts that the outstanding general fertilizer 13-13-35 of peace will be added in chemical pond, dilute 200- with clear water 250 times, according to identical flow, drop fertilizer is carried out to citrus, drop fertilizer amount is single plant 20g, after drop is fertile, is dripped clear water 30 minutes；

6) preventing disease and pest is handled:

Timing carries out tractor machines spray, and when environment temperature reaches 30 DEG C or more, stopping sprays, and requires water sensitive paper to survey before spray Examination, adjusts the travel speed of tractor and the nozzle direction of Insecticide sprayer at any time according to effect, sprays dilution in the annual 1-3 month 500 times of mass concentrations of fungicide or dilution of the full show-fluazinam of the despot that 2000 times of mass concentrations are 50% are 2% Wen Dingna- 1000 times of mass concentrations of fungicide and dilution of kasugarnycin are the fungicide of 33.5% Lian Wei-copper 8-hydroxyquinolinate；

Spraying Yang Nong -4000 times of the Acetamiprid dilution insecticide or dilution that mass concentration is 70% the annual 3-5 month Day mirror-bromine cyanogen thiacloprid that 2000 times of mass concentrations are 15%；

Spraying AVM hereinafter first hydrogen -1000 times of avermectin dilution acaricide and matter that mass concentration is 0.5% the annual 5-7 month Measure the acaricide that the Fenpropathrin that concentration is 4.5% dilutes 1000 times；

It is 70 times of fungicide or the dilution that 50% handsome lattice-fluazinam dilutes 2000 times spraying mass concentration the annual 7-9 month - penta azoles zinc thiazole of green fringe that mass concentration is 40%；

2. a kind of citrus plantation according to claim 1 and pest control method, it is characterised in that: the tool of the liquid manure Gymnastics work is:

S1 smashes Radix Rhapontici seu Radix Echinopsis complete stool, ethanol solution extraction 48 hours that mass fraction is 75% is then added, then It is filtered using three layers of gauze, takes filtrate, filtrate is poured into Filter column with the speed of 0.2cm/s then and is filtered, Filter column is hollow pipe, and the pore size filter on tube wall is 1-2mm, and the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain Radix Rhapontici extract；

Soya bean is carried out being dipped to soya bean crust peeling, then picks up, be placed in the case of bean sprouts by S2 using the water that temperature is 30 DEG C Culture budding, keeping the temperature in the case of bean sprouts is 26-27 DEG C, and ambient humidity is 90% or more, until yellow bean sprout budding is long to 2- Then 3cm removes yellow bean sprout shell, takes the cotyledon of yellow bean sprout, the dehydrated alcohol that mass fraction is 75% is added after cotyledon is crushed Solution extracts 48 hours, is then poured into Filter column and is filtered with the speed of 0.2cm/s, Filter column is hollow pipe, tube wall On pore size filter be 1-2mm, the filtered fluid obtained after filtering is freeze-dried to obtain yellow bean sprout extract；

S3 weighs each raw material in parts by weight；

S4, the dregs of a decoction after preparing star anise extract are medicine of the Guangxi Tian Shuan Year auspicious pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd after preparing star anise extract The dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, tea seed cake, cow dung are mixed and build heap fermentation 20- after turning uniformly by slag 30 days, control fermentation process temperature was 40 ± 2 DEG C, primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, obtains fermentation material, fermentation material is added The water of 50-80 times of quality is made compost；

Making compost for previous step is taken upper liquid by S5, and pyroligneous liquor, Radix Rhapontici extract, the mixing of yellow bean sprout extract, dilution is then added Liquid manure can be obtained after 100-200 times.

3. a kind of citrus plantation according to claim 1 and pest control method, it is characterised in that: the foliar fertilizer Concrete operations are:

1., will be after kelp wash clean, crushing and mass fraction is then added is that 75% ethanol solution carries out extraction 24 hours, then mistake Filter, concentrates the filtrate to 1.02 times of recycling ethyl alcohol of original volume, and filter residue is added 10 times water boiling 40 minutes, carries out power while hot and is The ultrasonic wave assisted extraction of 200W 1-2 minutes, then filters to take filtrate, is then concentrated under reduced pressure into 1.01 times of original volume, will twice Concentrate merge, kelp extract can be obtained；

2., take dry Cortex Phellodendri, by ultramicro grinding to grain be less than 1mm, sprayed while Cortex Phellodendri powder is added in digester Clear water continuously adds clear water, until the volume of clear water until Cortex Phellodendri powder is to stop that Cortex Phellodendri powder is added after 1/10 times of clear water volume It is to stop that clear water is added after 20 times of Cortex Phellodendri powder, is then shut off digester, keep carrying out boiling 30 minutes at 60 DEG C, then flame enrichment 85 DEG C of boilings 20 minutes, then fall fire to 60 DEG C continuation boiling 10 minutes, be filtered while hot, take filtrate that Cortex Phellodendri can be obtained Extracting solution；

3., in parts by weight, weigh each raw material；

4., will prepare that the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract, citrus peel residue, phosphorus ore tailing, peanut be withered, humic acid mixes after turning uniformly Heap to be built to ferment 25-35 days, control fermentation process temperature is 40 ± 2 DEG C, it is primary at interval of progress turning in 10 days, fermentation material is obtained, The water that 40-50 times of quality is added in fermentation material is made compost；

5., making compost for previous step taken into upper liquid, be then added cortex phellodendri extract, kelp extract, iron, boron, arsenic, manganese, copper, Microelement obtained by cobalt, molybdenum are compounded according to equal volume ratio mixes, and liquid manure can be obtained after 100-150 times of dilution.

4. a kind of citrus plantation according to claim 1 and pest control method, it is characterised in that: in step (1), The organic fertilizer is by pig manure, prepares and build heap fermentation 40-45 after the dregs of a decoction after star anise extract are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1-3:1 It is obtained after it.

5. a kind of citrus plantation according to claim 1 and pest control method, it is characterised in that: in step 6), It is described to whitewash medicament ratio are as follows: water: quick lime: lime sulfur: salt=15:10:1:0.2.

6. a kind of citrus plantation according to claim 1 and pest control method, it is characterised in that: in step 6), The tractor travel speed 2.2km/h, pressure 10bar, both sides need to respectively open 6 spray heads.