CN109180243A

CN109180243A - A kind of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN109180243A
Application number: CN201810991877.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任倩妍
Original assignee: Pujiang County Hong Hung Horticulture Research And Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: Pujiang County Hong Hung Horticulture Research And Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-29
Filing date: 2018-08-29
Publication date: 2019-01-11

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizers and preparation method thereof, and the preparation step of the dedicated fertilizer is as follows: taking plant ash and grape vinasse, fowl and animal excrement after EM bacteria agent is fermented, be dried to obtain decomposed fertilizer；It takes nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, growth regulator, bamboo vinegar and microelement to be dissolved in water, sequentially adds decomposed fertilizer, diatomite, attapulgite, niacinamide and crotonic anhydride, be granulated, be drying to obtain fertiliser granulates；It takes starch to be dissolved in water, after Heat Gelatinization, chitosan stirring is added, magnetization obtains modified starch；Modified starch is sprayed on fertiliser granulates, dedicated fertilizer is drying to obtain.The preparation method simple process of dedicated fertilizer provided by the invention, strong operability, raw material is easy to get, and low in cost, grain forming is fast, high yield rate；Made dedicated fertilizer can effectively facilitate grape rudiment, and nutrition is comprehensive, reinforce cell division, growing ability, have the advantages that slow release is good, permeability is high, stability is high, grain density is big.

Description

A kind of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of fertilizer production, more particularly, to a kind of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer and Preparation method.

Technical background

Sunlight rose grape, alias: summer sound Maas Ka Te, dazzling rose are diploid Franco-american, by Japanese fruit tree Test site breeding forms, and parent is " peace rue saliva 21 " and " Bai Nan ".The kind pericarp is golden yellow, fruit is big, fruit is sugared Degree is high, and meat is firmly crisp, has rose scent, soluble solid content 20% or so, fruit ear is bright clean and tidy, and appearance is beautiful, fresh food Matter is extremely excellent, because of its not dehiscent fruit, storage tolerance, no threshing phenomenon, pole evening color, easily high yield, it is disease-resistant strong the advantages that, for domestic Portugal at present Main breed in grape production, it is also deep to be liked by the majority of consumers and farmer.

In recent years, with the substantially adjustment of crop mix, industrial crops cultivated area is continuously increased, especially grape Cultivated area rises rapidly, and occupies very important position on the market, but grape crop is the work for being planted in soil year after year Object, soil cannot be rested and be conserved, in addition peasant household in order to obtain grape high-yield, efficiently, largely apply chemical fertilizer, artificial change The evolutionary process of soil causes soil constraint factor to make soil texture severe exacerbation, the soil texture deteriorate it is serious after, Grape normal growth is obstructed, and shows various undesirable physiological signs and aggravates pest and disease damage degree.

Currently, people, which when applying fertilizer to grape, are generally used the raw materials such as chemical fertilizer, urea, human excrement, gives grape top dressing, although There is certain effect, but fertilizer is be easy to cause to apply partially, nutrition much can not meet the nutritional need of grape, because lacking nutrition Easily cause that grape blade face is yellow, blade face is small, growth is slow, the grape born is small, and light-weight, premunition is poor, is susceptible to suffer from leaf spot, fruit drop rate Height is easier to that various pest and disease damages occur.Therefore, yield is both required for the plantation of grape, but more it should be noted that quality.The rational application of fertilizer is Adjust yield and quality an important factor for, up to 17 kinds of demand of the grape to nutrient, including carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, Magnesium, sulphur etc., and demand of the grape of different cultivars to nutrient is also different.By rationally being applied in the planting process of grape On the one hand fertilizer can coordinate the contradiction of demand and fertilizer provision from soil of the grape growth to nutrient, to reach the mesh of high yield and high quality 's；On the other hand less fertilizers input can be used to realize cost-saving synergistic to obtain higher yield and maximum economic benefit Purpose.

Fertilizer is to provide mineral element necessary to one or more kinds of plants, to improve soil property, improve soil One substance of fertility level is one of material base of agricultural production, and demand of the Different Crop to nutriment is different, is suitable for Fertilizer be even more be not quite similar.Fertilizer is classified by main component at present, there is macroelement fertilizer, secondary and micro-element fertilizers, amino Acids fertilizer, humic acid fertilizers, microbial bacteria fertilizer, organic fertilizer, marine alga fertilizer, earthworm fertilizer, bio-enzyme fertilizer, polysaccharide The types such as class fertilizer, and existing fertilizer is simply mixed by its single or several main component mostly in the market, battalion It supports single not comprehensive；Scientific matching is not carried out according to soil fertility, crop demand etc.；Nutrition-allocated proportion is not scientific, in various degree Cause overnutrition or shortage, cause microbial flora uneven, bioavailability is low, soil texture imbalance (acidification, plate Knot, salinization of soil, flora reduce, certain elements are exceeded etc.), cause soil environment uneven；Organic fertilizer it is decomposed not exclusively, disease pest and Weeds do not have high temperature killing, apply and continue to ferment and burn seedlings in ground；A large amount of pesticide abuses, the enhancing of pest and disease damage resistance, agricultural product Agriculture is residual also to be increased simultaneously, does not only result in plant nutrient imbalance, and plant growth is not healthy and strong and quality of agricultural product is low, and farmer receives The low serious consequence of benefit, even more to the pollution of environment, huge injury irreversible to the Nature.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizers and preparation method thereof, this is dedicated Fertilizer can effectively facilitate grape rudiment, and nutrition is comprehensive, and it is excellent to have that slow release is good, permeability is high, stability is high, grain density is big Point, preparation method simple process, strong operability, raw material is easy to get, low in cost, and grain forming is fast, high yield rate.

The present invention in background technique aiming at the problem that mentioning, the technical solution taken are as follows:

A kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer, including prepared by organic fermentation, fertiliser granulates, starch changes Property, coating, the specific steps are as follows:

Organic fermentation: after taking plant ash and grape vinasse to mix, being stirred, then be equably sprinkled into EM bacteria agent with fowl and animal excrement, It being subsequently placed in fermentation vat and ferments, the water content for adjusting fermentation materials is 55 ~ 65%, after fermentation temperature rises to 55 ~ 65 DEG C, into Row falls pond, and after continuously overturning 3 ~ 5 times, fermentation ends, then the material fermented is dried at 90 ~ 105 DEG C are crushed, and cross 120 For ~ 140 meshes to get decomposed fertilizer, grape vinasse is remaining leftover bits and pieces after being made wine with grape, wherein containing organic carbon, crude fibre, Crude protein, crude fat, coarse ash and microelement prepare fertilizer after grape vinasse ferments, not only supplement grape growth institute The organic carbon and nutrient needed, and recycling for grape vinasse resource is promoted, it solves grape vinasse and ring is occupied to people The pollution problem in border, fowl and animal excrement and grape vinasse after everfermentation, after being manured into soil, the organic mass-energy of small molecule rapidly by Grape is absorbed and utilized, and promotes photosynthesis of plant, accelerates the speed of grape breaking dormancy, while can effectively improve soil physical chemistry Situation and biological nature enhance the fertilizer supply and preservation ability and buffer capacity of soil, are that the sprout growth of grape creates good soil Earth condition；

Fertiliser granulates preparation: after taking nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, growth regulator, bamboo vinegar and microelement to add the water dissolution of 4 ~ 6 times of amounts, add After entering decomposed fertilizer, diatomite and attapulgite mixing, then adds and account for the niacinamide that attapulgite weight is respectively 0.03 ~ 0.05% Crotonic anhydride with 0.02 ~ 0.04% send and is granulated into pelletizer after stirring 35 ~ 45min, fertilizer size controlling 2 ~ 3mm after dry at 80 ~ 90 DEG C, can be obtained fertiliser granulates, above-mentioned niacinamide and crotonic anhydride and electrically be inhaled by intermolecular Gravitation and high polymer long chain take knot, after winding effect is adsorbed by attapulgite, are deposited on attapulgite particle with gel form In surface and capillary interstice, the thickness of attapulgite's surface adsorbed film is increased, expands the specific surface area of attapulgite, because And it is enable to generate bigger surface, it using its strong adsorptivity, is overlapped with the further chain type of other components, polymer substance Between form the latticed polymer chain being cross-linked with each other, increase binding force inside fertiliser granulates and pellet, while can be with Inorganic metal cation filler particles gap is adsorbed, the effective component in fertilizer is coupled solidification to the full extent, is being granulated Particle internal structure consolidation, density are big in the process, and stability is high, and fertiliser granulates shaping speed is fast, and yield rate is higher；

Starch conversion: taking 5 ~ 9 parts of starch by weight, after the water dissolution for adding 2 ~ 3 times of amounts, is heated to 80 ~ 90 DEG C, by 12 ~ After 16min gelatinization, starch is placed in the magnetizer that magnetic field strength is 0.1 ~ 0.5T, then add and account for starch weight 1.5 ~ 3.5% Water soluble chitosan continues after 15 ~ 25min of stirring in 40 ~ 50 DEG C to get modified starch, and starch can be used as slow by modified Coating agent is released, is added by modified starch, so that fertilizer has excellent coated slow-release control ability, various elements point in fertilizer Period slow release supplies grape, and fertilizer efficiency is more lasting, so that grape absorbs enough nutrients in growth cycle, improves fertilizer The utilization rate of material, while the bacteriostasis of chitosan is had both, the environment of Soil Microorganism can be improved, prevent grape fruit tree Pest and disease damage, to effectively increase the yield and quality of grape；

Coating: modified starch is equably sprayed on fertiliser granulates, and sprinkler pressure is 0.09 ~ 0.12Pa, stands 10 ~ 15min Afterwards, dry under conditions of temperature is 105 ~ 120 DEG C, dedicated fertilizer is obtained, comes into full contact with modified starch with fertiliser granulates, Film forming can be crosslinked in particle surface, and fine and close film layer can make nutritional ingredient be unlikely to quick release, and the height of modified starch Permeability is quickly absorbed, while starch also can be gradually after can guarantee that nutritional ingredient absorbs soil moisture by grape fruit tree root It is degraded, it is further provided nutrient and moisture keep fertilizer efficiency more longlasting, effective, reduces environmental pollution.

Preferably, a kind of raw material that sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer includes and its parts by weight are as follows: poultry 40 ~ 50 parts of excrement, 25 ~ 35 parts of grape vinasse, 22 ~ 25 parts of plant ash, 13 ~ 14 parts of EM bacteria agent, 40 ~ 50 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, growth 28 ~ 32 parts of regulator, 12 ~ 16 parts of modified starch, 6 ~ 9 parts of bamboo vinegar, 4 ~ 5 parts of microelement, 5 ~ 7 parts of diatomite, attapulgite 8 ~ 11 parts, the made sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer nutrition of the present invention is balanced comprehensively, and proportion is scientific and reasonable, includes Machine substance, exogenous hormone, inanimate matter fertilizer, microelement etc., can effectively break the natural dormancy of grape, promote the rudiment of grape And growth and development, improve germination rate and at branch rate, to improve the ability of grape germination, growth, and fertilizer has slow release and anti- Aqueous, fertilizer efficiency is more longlasting, and permeability is high, improves utilization rate of fertilizer, production cost is effectively reduced.

Preferably, above-mentioned fowl and animal excrement is one of chicken, duck, goose, ox, sheep, swine excrement or a variety of, animal excrements In the several mineral materials such as nutrients and calcium, magnesium, sulphur and the microelement such as organic matter rich in, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, can satisfy To the needs of a variety of nutrients during grape growth, the organic matter contained in fowl and animal excrement does not digest and assimilate complete egg usually White matter, fat, cellulose etc., these macromoleculars cannot directly be absorbed by plant, need to undergo microbial fermentation, it is converted to The small molecules such as amino acid, organic acid, sugar, organic salt can be just absorbed by plants, and contain a large amount of disease in fowl and animal excrement Bacterium, such as coliform, nematode have potential pest and disease damage risk directly as fertilizer application, can be killed with the high temperature in fermentation process Germ converts fresh excreta to and stablizes and be easy to absorbed substance by the fermentation of microorganism, after being used as fertilizer, Sufficient nutrition can be provided to grape, and the macro-radicals such as humic acid formed during the fermentation, soil can also be complexed In heavy metal, improve soil texture.

Preferably, the component of above-mentioned nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, weight ratio be 3.5 ~ 4.5:1 ~ 1.5:1, N P and K are often to influence crop yield because of insufficient supply in the main nutrient elements and soil of plant Three elements can participate in grape body and promote photosynthesis, respiration, energy storage and transmitting, cell division, cell to increase Greatly, and increase grape resistance etc..

Preferably, the component of above-mentioned growth regulator are as follows: gibberellin, cyanamide, compound sodium nitrophenolate, avermectin and agricultural Streptomysin, weight ratio are 3 ~ 4:3 ~ 5:1 ~ 2:1:1, and gibberellin can induce fruit and generate without seed；Cyanamide can break Portugal Grape suspend mode promotes rudiment；Plant cell activity can be improved in compound sodium nitrophenolate, and can be obviously promoted exogenous hormone can penetrate into rapidly plant In object, accelerate cellular plasm flowing；Agricultural streptomycin can inhibit axis transverse direction thickening, have as antibiotic medicament Mitigate the effect of carpopodium suberification and embrittlement；Avermectin has stomach toxicity and action of contace poison to mite class and insect, and can be by micro- life Object decomposes, in the environment without cumulative function.

Preferably, above-mentioned microelement is made of borax and Chelating state magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, weight ratio is 1.5 ~ 2.5:1:1:1:1:1:1, above-mentioned Chelating state magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum are respectively magnesium glycinate, ferrous bisglycinate chelate, sweet ammonia During the chelate molecule charge that sour manganese, basic copper chloride, basic zinc chloride, ammonium molybdate, amino acid and microelement are formed tends to Property, the solubility of microelement can be made to improve, absorptivity increase, improve bioavailability, and can avoid microelement with Other substances form insoluble or indissoluble metallic compound, and cannot be absorbed and utilized by grape.

A kind of made sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer of the present invention, nutrition is balanced comprehensively, matches scientific and reasonable, richness It can be grape rudiment containing various organic substances, amino acid isoreactivity substance, Meso- and micro-nutrients and plant growth exogenous hormone Growth provides full nutrition, and the sprouting and development to the grape budding period newly slightly play a driving role, and promotes nutriment inside fruit tree Systemic circulation and the microcirculation of iuntercellular, intracellular nutritional substance reinforce cell division to excite internal cell activity, increase Ability makees the collaboration of each component in fertilizer by the slow releasing function of dedicated fertilizer to improve the ability of grape germination, growth With greatly improving, fertilizer efficiency is more lasting, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, at the same in fertilizer partial elements can with activating soil, Improve edaphon environment, increases the ventilative of soil, water permeability, promote the fast-growth of grape root system, cause grape Germination rate and while all greatly improve at branch rate, significantly reduces production cost, there is apparent economic benefit.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1) present invention made dedicated fertilizer include by microbial bacterial agent It is raw to provide grape for the brutish excrement and grape vinasse of fermentation, obtained organic decomposed fertilizer active organic component both rich in Nutritional ingredient needed for long, and beneficial microorganism quantity in soil can be made to increase, improve soil environment, coordinated with activating soil Soil nutrient balance, while solving the problems, such as fowl and animal excrement and grape vinasse pollution environment, there is good environmental protection and ecology Effect；2) the made dedicated fertilizer of the present invention uses modified starch as coating agent, using its porous adsorption capacity and high osmosis, The purpose of water conservation, fertilizer conservation is realized, the loss and volatilization of nutrient can be reduced, is provided the foundation for the long-acting slow-release of fertilizer, The fertilizer efficiency and sustained release performance for improving fertilizer improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduce fertilizer application amount and fertilizer application frequency, reduce production Cost, while there is bacteriostasis, optimize the soil environment of grape growth；3) the made dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is full of nutrition, It matches scientific and reasonable, full nutrition can be provided for grape growth, played a driving role to the sprout growth of grape fruit tree, reinforce cell Division, growing ability, with improve grape germination, growth ability, while also can balanced soil microbial flora, improve soil ring Border is increase soil fertility, to improve grape germination rate and at branch rate；4) the made dedicated fertilizer of the present invention is adopted in process of production The method being superimposed with solidification, magnetization modification, is in granular form dedicated fertilizer finished product, and external coating has slow-release function, makes fertilizer Expect that fertilizer efficiency is more lasting, particle internal density is big, stability is high, and grain forming is fast in production, high yield rate, has been significantly compression fertilizer The volume of material, both saves storage space, is also convenient for transporting, reduces transportation cost；5) dedicated fertilizer provided by the present invention Preparation method simple process, strong operability, raw material are easy to get, low in cost, and equipment requirement is simple, easy to implement, easily extensive raw It produces, practicability is high.

Specific embodiment

The present invention program is described further below by embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

A kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer, specifically includes the following steps:

1) it after taking plant ash and grape vinasse to mix, is stirred, then be equably sprinkled into EM bacteria agent, is subsequently placed in fowl and animal excrement It ferments in fermentation vat, the water content for adjusting fermentation materials is 55%, after fermentation temperature rises to 55 DEG C, carries out down pond, continuous to overturn After 3 times, fermentation ends, then the material fermented is dried at 90 DEG C, it crushes, and cross 120 meshes to get decomposed fertilizer, grape Vinasse are remaining leftover bits and pieces after being made wine with grape, wherein containing organic carbon, crude fibre, crude protein, crude fat, coarse ash and micro- Secondary element prepares fertilizer after grape vinasse ferments, not only supplemented with organic carbon and nutrient needed for grape growth, and Recycling for grape vinasse resource is promoted, solves pollution problem of the grape vinasse to living environment, after everfermentation Fowl and animal excrement and grape vinasse, after being manured into soil, the organic mass-energy of small molecule is rapidly absorbed and utilized by grape, promotes plant photosynthesis Effect, accelerates the speed of grape breaking dormancy, while can effectively improve soil physical chemistry situation and biological nature, enhances soil Fertilizer supply and preservation ability and buffer capacity are that the sprout growth of grape creates good soil conditions；

2) after taking nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, growth regulator, bamboo vinegar and microelement to add the water dissolution of 4 times of amounts, decomposed fertilizer, diatom is added After soil and attapulgite mix, then add that account for attapulgite weight be respectively 0.03% niacinamide and 0.02% crotonic anhydride, It after stirring 35min, send and is granulated into pelletizer, fertilizer can be obtained after dry at 80 DEG C in 2mm in fertilizer size controlling Expect particle, above-mentioned niacinamide and crotonic anhydride take knot, winding effect by intermolecular electrical attraction power and high polymer long chain After being adsorbed by attapulgite, it is deposited in attapulgite particle surface and capillary interstice with gel form, increases concave convex rod The thickness of native adsorption film, expands the specific surface area of attapulgite, thus it is enable to generate bigger surface, strong using it Strong adsorptivity overlaps with the further chain type of other components, forms the grid shaped polymer being cross-linked with each other between polymer substance Chain increases binding force inside fertiliser granulates and pellet, while can adsorb inorganic metal cation filler particles gap, The effective component in fertilizer is coupled solidification to the full extent, particle internal structure consolidation, density are big in granulation process, surely Qualitative height, fertiliser granulates shaping speed is fast, and yield rate is higher；

3) 5 parts of starch are taken by weight, after the water dissolution for adding 2 times of amounts, are heated to 80 DEG C, after 12min is gelatinized, starch is set In the magnetizer that magnetic field strength is 0.1T, then the water soluble chitosan for accounting for starch weight 1.5% is added, continues to stir in 40 DEG C To get modified starch after 15min, starch can be used as slow release coating agent, be added by modified starch, so that fertile by modified Material has excellent coated slow-release control ability, and various elements timesharing phase slow release supplies grape in fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency is more held Long, so that grape absorbs enough nutrients in growth cycle, the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, while having both the antibacterial of chitosan Ability can improve the environment of Soil Microorganism, prevent the pest and disease damage of grape fruit tree, to effectively increase the yield of grape And quality；

4) modified starch is equably sprayed on fertiliser granulates, sprinkler pressure 0.09Pa, after standing 10min, is in temperature It is dry under conditions of 105 DEG C, obtain dedicated fertilizer, come into full contact with modified starch with fertiliser granulates, particle surface can be with Crosslinking film forming, fine and close film layer can make nutritional ingredient be unlikely to quick release, and the high osmosis of modified starch, can guarantee battalion After forming point absorption soil moisture, quickly absorbed by grape fruit tree root, while starch also can gradually be degraded, and further mention For nutrient and moisture, keeps fertilizer efficiency more longlasting, effective, reduce environmental pollution.

The raw material and its parts by weight for including in above-mentioned preparation step are as follows: 40 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 25 parts of grape vinasse, vegetation Grey 22 parts, 13 parts of EM bacteria agent, 40 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 28 parts of growth regulator, 12 parts of modified starch, 6 parts of bamboo vinegar, microelement 4 parts, 5 parts of diatomite, 8 parts of attapulgite.

Above-mentioned fowl and animal excrement is chicken, duck, goose excrement equal amount of mixture, organic matter rich in animal excrements, nitrogen, The several mineral materials such as the nutrients such as phosphorus, potassium and calcium, magnesium, sulphur and microelement can satisfy grape growth and support in the process to a variety of Point needs, the organic matter contained in fowl and animal excrement do not digest and assimilate complete protein, fat, cellulose etc. usually, this A little macromoleculars cannot directly be absorbed by plant, need to undergo microbial fermentation, it is converted to amino acid, organic acid, sugar, is had The small molecules such as machine salt can be just absorbed by plants, and contain a large amount of germ, such as coliform, nematode in fowl and animal excrement, directly As fertilizer application, there is potential pest and disease damage risk, germ can be killed with the high temperature in fermentation process, be made by the fermentation of microorganism With, it converts fresh excreta to and stablizes and be easy to absorbed substance, it, can be to the battalion of grape offer abundance after being used as fertilizer It supports, and the macro-radicals such as humic acid formed during the fermentation, the heavy metal in soil can also be complexed, improve soil knot Structure.

The component of above-mentioned nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, weight ratio 3.5:1:1, N P and K It is the three elements for often influencing crop yield in the main nutrient elements and soil of plant because of insufficient supply, it can be in grape body Interior participation and promotion photosynthesis, respiration, energy storage and transmitting, cell division, cell increase, and increase grape Resistance etc..

The component of above-mentioned growth regulator are as follows: gibberellin, cyanamide, compound sodium nitrophenolate, avermectin and agricultural streptomycin, Weight ratio is 3:3:1:1:1, and gibberellin can induce fruit and generate without seed；Cyanamide can break Grape Dormancy, promote rudiment； Plant cell activity can be improved in compound sodium nitrophenolate, and can be obviously promoted exogenous hormone can penetrate into plant rapidly, accelerates cell Plasm flowing；Agricultural streptomycin can inhibit axis transverse direction thickening as antibiotic medicament, have mitigate carpopodium suberification and The effect of embrittlement；Avermectin has stomach toxicity and action of contace poison to mite class and insect, and can be decomposed by the microorganisms, in the environment without Cumulative function.

Above-mentioned microelement is made of borax and Chelating state magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, weight ratio 1.5:1:1:1: 1:1:1, above-mentioned Chelating state magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum are respectively magnesium glycinate, ferrous bisglycinate chelate, Mn-Gly, alkali formula chlorination The chelate molecule charge that copper, basic zinc chloride, ammonium molybdate, amino acid and microelement are formed tends to be neutral, can make micro The solubility of element improves, and absorptivity increases, and improves bioavailability, and can avoid microelement and formed not with other substances Molten or indissoluble metallic compound, and cannot be absorbed and utilized by grape.

Embodiment 2:

1) it after taking plant ash and grape vinasse to mix, is stirred, then be equably sprinkled into EM bacteria agent, is subsequently placed in fowl and animal excrement It ferments in fermentation vat, the water content for adjusting fermentation materials is 60%, after fermentation temperature rises to 60 DEG C, carries out down pond, continuous to overturn After 4 times, fermentation ends, then the material fermented is dried at 100 DEG C, it crushes, and cross 130 meshes to get decomposed fertilizer；

2) after taking nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, growth regulator, bamboo vinegar and microelement to add the water dissolution of 5 times of amounts, decomposed fertilizer, diatom is added After soil and attapulgite mix, then add that account for attapulgite weight be respectively 0.04% niacinamide and 0.03% crotonic anhydride, It after stirring 40min, send and is granulated into pelletizer, fertilizer can be obtained after dry at 85 DEG C in 2mm in fertilizer size controlling Expect particle；

3) 7 parts of starch are taken by weight, after the water dissolution for adding 2 times of amounts, are heated to 85 DEG C, after 14min is gelatinized, starch is set In the magnetizer that magnetic field strength is 0.3T, then the water soluble chitosan for accounting for starch weight 2.5% is added, continues to stir in 45 DEG C To get modified starch after 20min；

4) modified starch is equably sprayed on fertiliser granulates, sprinkler pressure 0.10Pa, after standing 12min, is in temperature It is dry under conditions of 110 DEG C, obtain dedicated fertilizer.

The raw material and its parts by weight for including in above-mentioned preparation step are as follows: 45 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 30 parts of grape vinasse, vegetation Grey 23 parts, 13 parts of EM bacteria agent, 45 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 30 parts of growth regulator, 14 parts of modified starch, 8 parts of bamboo vinegar, microelement 4 parts, 6 parts of diatomite, 10 parts of attapulgite.

Above-mentioned fowl and animal excrement is chicken, duck, goose excrement equal amount of mixture.

The component of above-mentioned nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, weight ratio 4:1:1.

The component of above-mentioned growth regulator are as follows: gibberellin, cyanamide, compound sodium nitrophenolate, avermectin and agricultural streptomycin, Weight ratio is 3:4:2:1:1.

Above-mentioned microelement is made of borax and Chelating state magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, weight ratio 2:1:1:1:1: 1:1。

Embodiment 3:

1) it after taking plant ash and grape vinasse to mix, is stirred, then be equably sprinkled into EM bacteria agent, is subsequently placed in fowl and animal excrement It ferments in fermentation vat, the water content for adjusting fermentation materials is 65%, after fermentation temperature rises to 65 DEG C, carries out down pond, continuous to overturn After 5 times, fermentation ends, then the material fermented is dried at 105 DEG C, it crushes, and cross 140 meshes to get decomposed fertilizer；

2) after taking nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, growth regulator, bamboo vinegar and microelement to add the water dissolution of 6 times of amounts, decomposed fertilizer, diatom is added After soil and attapulgite mix, then add that account for attapulgite weight be respectively 0.05% niacinamide and 0.04% crotonic anhydride, It after stirring 45min, send and is granulated into pelletizer, fertilizer can be obtained after dry at 90 DEG C in fertilizer size controlling 3mm Particle；

3) 9 parts of starch are taken by weight, after the water dissolution for adding 3 times of amounts, are heated to 90 DEG C, after 16min is gelatinized, starch is set In the magnetizer that magnetic field strength is 0.5T, then the water soluble chitosan for accounting for starch weight 3.5% is added, continues to stir in 50 DEG C To get modified starch after 25min；

4) modified starch is equably sprayed on fertiliser granulates, sprinkler pressure 0.12Pa, after standing 15min, is in temperature It is dry under conditions of 115 DEG C, obtain dedicated fertilizer.

The raw material and its parts by weight for including in above-mentioned preparation step are as follows: 50 parts of fowl and animal excrement, 35 parts of grape vinasse, vegetation Grey 25 parts, 14 parts of EM bacteria agent, 50 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 32 parts of growth regulator, 16 parts of modified starch, 9 parts of bamboo vinegar, microelement 5 parts, 7 parts of diatomite, 11 parts of attapulgite.

The component of above-mentioned nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are as follows: urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and potassium sulfate, weight ratio 4.5:1.5:1.

The component of above-mentioned growth regulator are as follows: gibberellin, cyanamide, compound sodium nitrophenolate, avermectin and agricultural streptomycin, Weight ratio is 4:5:2:1:1.

Above-mentioned microelement is made of borax and Chelating state magnesium, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, weight ratio 2.5:1:1:1: 1:1:1。

Embodiment 4:

A kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer, advanced optimizes that steps are as follows:

3) 9 parts of starch are taken by weight, after the water dissolution for adding 3 times of amounts, are heated to 90 DEG C, after 16min is gelatinized, starch is set In magnetic field strength be 0.5T magnetizer in, then successively addition account for starch weight be respectively 3.5% water soluble chitosan and 0.07% sodium salt, in 50 DEG C continue stir 25min after to get modified starch, above-mentioned sodium salt is by sodium metasilicate and sodium pyrophosphate group At weight ratio 2:3, above-mentioned sodium metasilicate and sodium pyrophosphate mutually act synergistically, and can break with after starch gelatinization in magnetic field The polyhydroxy contained in the hydrogen bond and chitosan opened forms link key, becomes an entirety, to reach electricity price balance, and passes through magnetic Field action makes starch molecule occupy tetrahedral angle top in silicon oxygen backbone, and is connected to form galvanized hexagonal wire mesh with the tetrahedron of surrounding Poroid interlayer structure recycles the electricity coordination of cation, and rib is connected and constitutes the three-dimensional structure sheaf to extend altogether therewith, increases Intermolecular restraining force increases the tensile strength of starch, and spatial domain increases, and has good porous adsorption capacity, can wrap up More fertiliser granulates enable the effective component slow release of fertiliser granulates, increase the fertilizer efficiency persistence of fertilizer, and reduction is produced into This, while modified starch has stronger permeability, the nutrition composition for being dissolved in water can be made quickly to transport grape after magnetizing Root, stem and leaf on, reduce the loss and volatilization of nutrient, to accelerate the accumulation of the photosynthesis and dry matter of plant, reach Effect of increasing production；

Comparative example:

A kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer, with embodiment 3, the difference is that: this comparative example It is not added with niacinamide and crotonic anhydride in step 2, budding period dedicated fertilizer is made.

Sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer performance test

In certain sunlight rose wine-growing garden, above-described embodiment 1 ~ 4 and the made dedicated fertilizer of comparative example are applied, and commercially available with certain Grape organic fertilizer compares experiment as blank group, under identical planting conditions and water and fertilizer management, before grape rudiment Start within one month to apply, until current year grape starts to bloom, whole process carries out tracking test, records and analyzes every empirical value Such as following table.

Influence of 1 sunlight rose grape budding period of the table dedicated fertilizer to grape rudiment and growth

1 ~ 4 group of embodiment in table of statistical average is taken, comparing and analyzing with data in table can obtain, and the application budding period is dedicated After fertilizer, the germination rate of grape is respectively higher than comparative example 2.0%, 2.5%, 1.8% at branch rate and new slightly length, is higher than blank group 7.6%, 4.5%, 5.6%, the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of the blade of growth are also respectively higher than comparative example 5.2%, 4.9%, are higher than Blank group 10.8%, 10.9%, and blade Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves then reduces 5.1% than comparative example, reduces 14.1% than blank group, can must apply It after made dedicated fertilizer, the germination rate of grape and all increases significantly at branch rate, illustrates that made fertilizer can effectively be broken The natural dormancy of grape promotes the rudiment and growth and development of grape, improves activity and microcirculation inside Vitis, strengthens Cell division, growing ability can significantly improve the ability of grape germination, growth.

Routine operation in operation of the present invention step is well known to those skilled in the art, herein without repeating.

Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail in embodiment described above, it should be understood that the above is only For specific embodiments of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention, all any modifications made in spirit of the invention, Supplement or similar fashion substitution etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. a kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer, including organic fermentation, fertiliser granulates preparation, starch Modified, coating, it is characterised in that: the fertiliser granulates preparation step is as follows: take nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, growth regulator, bamboo vinegar and After microelement is dissolved in water, decomposed fertilizer, diatomite and attapulgite is added and mixes, then adds niacinamide and crotonic anhydride, stirs After mixing, it is granulated and dry, fertiliser granulates can be obtained.

2. a kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The additive amount of the niacinamide is the 0.03 ~ 0.05% of attapulgite weight, and the additive amount of the crotonic anhydride is attapulgite weight The 0.02 ~ 0.04% of amount.

3. a kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: Organic fermentation step are as follows: after taking plant ash and grape vinasse to mix, then mix with fowl and animal excrement, be sprinkled into EM bacterium thereto Agent, fermentation, after fermentation temperature rises to 55 ~ 65 DEG C, carries out down pond, after continuously overturning 3 ~ 5 times, fermentation ends, then will ferment Drying materials, crush, and be sieved to get decomposed fertilizer.

4. a kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The starch conversion step are as follows: after taking starch to be dissolved in water, after Heat Gelatinization, starch is placed in magnetizer, then is added water-soluble Property chitosan, continue stirring to get modified starch.

5. a kind of preparation method of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: The coating step are as follows: modified starch is equably sprayed on fertiliser granulates, it is dry after standing, obtain dedicated fertilizer.

6. made from a kind of described in any item preparation methods of sunlight rose grape budding period dedicated fertilizer of claim 1 ~ 5 specially With fertilizer, it is characterised in that: the raw material and its parts by weight that the fertilizer includes are as follows: 40 ~ 50 parts of fowl and animal excrement, grape vinasse 25 ~ 35 parts, 22 ~ 25 parts of plant ash, 13 ~ 14 parts of EM bacteria agent, 40 ~ 50 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 28 ~ 32 parts of growth regulator, modified starch 12 ~ 16 parts, 6 ~ 9 parts of bamboo vinegar, 4 ~ 5 parts of microelement, 5 ~ 7 parts of diatomite, 8 ~ 11 parts of attapulgite.

7. dedicated fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the fowl and animal excrement is chicken, duck, goose, ox, sheep, pig One of excrement is a variety of.

8. dedicated fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the component of the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer are as follows: urea, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate Hydrogen potassium and potassium sulfate, weight ratio are 3.5 ~ 4.5:1 ~ 1.5:1.

9. dedicated fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the component of the growth regulator are as follows: gibberellin, list Cyanamide, compound sodium nitrophenolate, avermectin and agricultural streptomycin, weight ratio are 3 ~ 4:3 ~ 5:1 ~ 2:1:1.

10. dedicated fertilizer according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the microelement by borax and Chelating state magnesium, Iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum composition, weight ratio are 1.5 ~ 2.5:1:1:1:1:1:1.