CN109169219B - Method for soilless culture of strawberries - Google Patents
Method for soilless culture of strawberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN109169219B CN109169219B CN201810910673.9A CN201810910673A CN109169219B CN 109169219 B CN109169219 B CN 109169219B CN 201810910673 A CN201810910673 A CN 201810910673A CN 109169219 B CN109169219 B CN 109169219B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of strawberry planting, and particularly discloses a method for soilless culture of strawberries, which specifically comprises the following steps: 1. preparing a cultivation bed, so that nutrient solution is contained in the cultivation bed; 2. installing a cultivation groove to enable the angle of the cultivation groove to be changed, and installing a water twisting mechanism above the cultivation groove; 3. installing a watering line: so that the irrigation line can penetrate out of the cultivation bed from one side of the cultivation groove and penetrate into the cultivation bed from the other side of the cultivation groove after passing through the water twisting mechanism; 4. filling a matrix; 5. transplanting strawberry seedlings; 6. illumination; 7. irrigating with nutrient solution; 8. adjusting the inclination angle of the cultivation groove; 9. and (6) picking fruits. The automatic feeding device can automatically pour nutrient solution into the cultivation groove, avoids manual pouring of the nutrient solution, and ensures uniform pouring of the nutrient solution, so that the quality of strawberry fruits is ensured; and the fruit can be picked conveniently by adjusting the inclination angle of the cultivation groove.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of strawberry planting, and particularly discloses a method for soilless culture of strawberries.
Background
Strawberry, also known as red strawberry, blackberry, raspberry, etc., is a red fruit, which is very popular with people because of its characteristics of being fresh, red and tender, juicy in pulp, and high in vitamin C content. The traditional strawberry planting method mainly comprises open-air planting and greenhouse planting, but due to continuous year cultivation, nutrient components in soil are reduced, and the planted strawberries are small in size and low in taste. In addition, when the strawberries are planted in the open air or in the greenhouse, it is difficult to accurately control the conditions of soil, such as nutrients and moisture, light, and growth temperature of the strawberries. The soilless culture can better solve the problems, so that more and more fruit growers culture strawberries in a soilless culture mode at present.
Soilless culture refers to the cultivation of plants by directly using a nutrient solution without using soil but using a solid material other than soil as a substrate and irrigating the nutrient solution, or without using any substrate, and therefore, the soilless culture is mainly divided into hydroponic culture, aeroponic culture and substrate culture. In the substrate cultivation, nutrient solution needs to be poured into the substrate regularly, and the existing nutrient solution pouring mode depends on manual pouring or spraying the nutrient solution in a large area by a spray head. The mode of artifical watering culture solution can have the nutrient solution to water inhomogeneous, the big problem of the amount of labour, and the problem that the mode that sprays the nutrient solution by a large scale can exist is, has partial nutrient solution not to soak in the matrix, but directly drops outside planting the cup, not only causes the waste of nutrient solution, still can cause the interior nutrient composition of matrix not enough, influences strawberry growth and result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for soilless culture of strawberries, which aims to solve the problem of uneven irrigation of nutrient solution in the conventional soilless culture method of strawberries.
In order to achieve the purpose, the basic scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for soilless culture of strawberries, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a cultivation bed: a cavity for storing nutrient solution is formed in the cultivation bed, and a plurality of rotating rollers arranged in parallel are rotatably connected in the cavity; a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the cultivation bed along the length direction of the cultivation bed, and the through holes are communicated with the cavity and the outside;
s2, installing a cultivation groove: installing a plurality of cultivation grooves on a cultivation bed along the length direction of the cultivation bed, so that two through holes are formed in two sides of each cultivation groove, and an illuminating lamp and a water twisting mechanism are installed above each cultivation groove; when the cultivation groove is installed, one end of the bottom of the cultivation groove is hinged with the cultivation bed, a spring is fixedly connected between the other end of the cultivation bed and the cultivation bed, and a pull rope for adjusting the inclination angle of the cultivation groove is fixedly connected to one end, close to the spring, of the top of the cultivation groove;
s3, installing a pouring line: guide rollers are arranged above two ends of the cultivation bed, a driving roller is arranged on one side of the cultivation bed, a driven roller is arranged on the other side of the cultivation bed, a cotton rope is wound on the driven roller, and a water absorption layer is fixedly connected to the cotton rope; the initial end of the thread rope penetrates into a cavity of the cultivation bed, passes through one side of the cultivation groove by bypassing the rotary roller, passes through the water twisting mechanism, and then penetrates into the cavity again from the other side of the cultivation groove, the operation is continuously repeated, so that the thread rope passes above each cultivation groove, and the initial end of the thread rope is finally fixed on the driven roller;
s4, filling matrix: filling a substrate in the cultivation groove, wherein the height of the substrate at least reaches 2/3 of the height of the cultivation groove;
s5, transplanting strawberry seedlings: transplanting the strawberry seedlings into the cultivation grooves, and completely embedding root systems of the strawberry seedlings into the matrix;
s6, illumination: turning on each illuminating lamp on the cultivation tank, wherein the illumination intensity is 25000-30000 Lux, and the illumination time is 7-8 h/day;
s7, pouring nutrient solution: irrigating once every three morning hours within 7: 30-8: 30, wherein the irrigation amount is 10-12 mL; during irrigation, the driving roller is driven to rotate to drive the cotton rope to move, the water absorbing layer enters the water wringing mechanism, and under the action of the water wringing mechanism, nutrient liquid in the water absorbing layer drops in a substrate of the cultivation tank;
s8: adjusting the inclination angle of the cultivation groove: after 20-35 days of cultivation, the strawberry plants grow and begin to form flower buds, the strawberry plants enter a flowering period, and the length of the pull rope is adjusted, so that the inclination angle of the cultivation groove is changed to 10-15 degrees; after 7-15 days of cultivation, petals of strawberry plants wither and grow out of strawberry fruits, entering a fruiting period, further adjusting the length of the pull rope to enable the inclination angle of the cultivation groove to be 40-50 degrees, and cultivating for 10-20 days until the strawberry fruits are ripe;
s9, picking fruits: and (5) picking off and storing mature strawberry fruits.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the basic scheme are as follows: S1-S3 belong to earlier stage preparation work, a cultivation bed with a cavity, a rotating roller and through holes is prepared, cultivation grooves are installed on the cultivation bed and are evenly installed along the length direction of the cultivation bed when the cultivation grooves are installed, two through holes are formed in two sides of each cultivation groove, a rope conveniently penetrates out of the cavity through the through holes in one side of the cultivation grooves and then penetrates into the cavity through the through holes in the other side of the cultivation grooves after passing through a water twisting mechanism, and in the process, the rotating roller in the cavity plays a role in changing the movement direction of the rope. Then, the nutrient solution in the cavity is absorbed by the water absorption layer on the thread rope, and when the nutrient solution passes through the water twisting mechanism, the nutrient solution in the water absorption layer drops into the cultivation groove at the same time, so that the nutrient solution is irrigated.
In step S4, the substrate is filled in the cultivation tank so that the height of the substrate at least reaches 2/3 of the height of the cultivation tank, facilitating the growth of strawberry seedlings. In step S6, after the strawberry seedlings are transplanted into the cultivation tank, the lighting lamps are turned on to provide sufficient illumination for the strawberry seedlings and promote the growth of the strawberry seedlings. In step S7, 10-12 mL of nutrient solution is poured every three days to avoid excessive nutrient solution pouring. In-process, because the watering relies on the cotton rope and absorbs water the removal on layer to and wringing the mechanism extrusion absorbed layer and realizing, and the top in every cultivation groove all is equipped with wringing the mechanism, consequently, can water all cultivation grooves on the cultivation bed simultaneously, watering efficiency has been improved, make again can all get into the cultivation inslot from the nutrient solution that absorbs water the layer drippage, the waste of nutrient solution has been avoided, still avoided artifical watering nutrient solution, staff's work load has been reduced.
In the step S8, during the flowering period, the length of the pull rope is adjusted, so that the cultivation groove rotates clockwise by 10-15 degrees around the hinged point of the cultivation groove and the cultivation bed under the action of the spring, and the illuminating lamp above the cultivation groove can continuously induce the strawberry plants to grow upwards; treat that the strawberry plant gets into the fruiting phase when, adjust the length of stay cord once more, make the cultivation groove continue clockwise rotation 30~ 35, the inclination of cultivation groove becomes 40 ~50, then, when the fruiting phase, the strawberry plant continues upwards to grow under the induction of light, and the fruit that comes out on the strawberry plant grows gradually, the fruit becomes heavy gradually, finally pass the strawberry plant and hang on the strawberry plant, again because the cultivation groove is the slope setting, consequently the fruit will hang in midair in one side of cultivation groove, so breed to the strawberry fruit ripe. In step S9, the strawberry fruits ripe in step S8 are picked. When picking, because the fruit that the strawberry plant of every cultivation inslot got out all lies in same one side, and the fruit is in unsettled state of hanging down, picks very conveniently, picks efficiently. In addition, because the fruit peel of strawberry fruit is extremely thin, very easy impaired rotten, and the strawberry fruit in this scheme does not contact with the matrix in the cultivation groove, has effectively avoided the strawberry fruit to lead to the impaired rotten of strawberry fruit because of contacting the matrix, has reduced the spoilage of strawberry fruit.
Further, the matrix used in step S4 is composed of the following materials by volume percent: 10 to 50 percent of sand and 50 to 90 percent of perlite.
The matrix in the scheme has the advantages of convenient material taking, simple preparation, good water retention performance, no toxic or side effect, no pollution and stable chemical property.
Further, the nutrient solution used in step S7 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of cane sugar, 10 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 25 parts of urea, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ferric sulfate, 1 part of sodium molybdate, 1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 15 parts of humic acid and 900 parts of water.
The nutrient solution is rich in various nutrient elements and trace elements required by the growth of the strawberries, and substances such as gamma-polyglutamic acid, isomaltooligosaccharide and the like added in the nutrient solution can further promote the absorption of the roots of the strawberry plants on nutrients and the growth of the roots of the strawberry plants, and are favorable for enhancing the resistance of the strawberry plants to physiological diseases.
Further, in step S8, during the flowering period of the strawberry plant, the nutrient solution used includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of cane sugar, 10 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 22 parts of urea, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ferric sulfate, 1 part of sodium molybdate, 2.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 15 parts of humic acid and 900 parts of water.
After the strawberry plants enter the flowering phase, the demands for putting phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are increased, and meanwhile, excessive nitrogen fertilizers can promote the growth of the strawberry plants to influence the growth of flower buds, so that the formula of the nutrient solution is adjusted, the amount of urea is reduced, and the amount of monopotassium phosphate is increased to adapt to different demands for nutrition in different phases in the growth process of the strawberry plants.
Further, in step S8, when the strawberry plants enter the fruiting period, the lighting conditions are as follows: the illumination intensity is 40000-50000 Lux, and the illumination time is 13-14 h/day.
The light intensity is increased, the light time is prolonged, and the growth time of strawberry fruits can be prolonged, so that the ripening time of the strawberry fruits is shortened, the size of the strawberry fruits is increased, and the quality of the strawberry fruits is improved.
Further, in the step S8, at the initial stage of the flowering period, the gibberellin aqueous solution with the concentration of 6-8 mg/kg is sprayed onto the seedling cores of the strawberry plants, and each strawberry plant is sprayed with 3-5 mg.
The gibberellin can stimulate the growth of strawberry plants, so that the fruit stalks of strawberry fruits can be elongated, and the strawberry fruits can be hung on the strawberry plants in a hanging manner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cultivation bed used in the method for soilless culture of strawberries according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial sectional view in the direction of a-a in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the cultivation bed comprises a cultivation bed 1, a cavity 2, a rotating roller 3, a through hole 4, a cultivation groove 5, an illuminating lamp 6, a water twisting cylinder 7, a spring 8, a pull rope 9, a lantern ring 10, a first guide roller 11, a driving roller 12, a second guide roller 13, a driven roller 14, a thread rope 15 and a third guide roller 16.
The method for soilless culture of strawberries in the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a cultivation bed: as shown in figure 1, a cavity 2 for storing nutrient solution is formed in the cultivation bed 1, and a plurality of parallel rotating rollers 3 are rotatably connected in the cavity 2; a plurality of through holes 4 are uniformly formed in the cultivation bed 1 along the length direction of the cultivation bed, and the through holes 4 are communicated with the cavity 2 and the outside.
S2, installing a cultivation groove: a plurality of cultivation grooves 5 are arranged on the cultivation bed 1 along the length direction of the cultivation bed 1, the distance between every two adjacent cultivation grooves 5 is 15cm, and meanwhile, the left side and the existing side of each cultivation groove 5 are provided with two through holes 4. As shown in a combined figure 2, a lighting lamp 6 and a water twisting mechanism are installed above each cultivation groove 5, each water twisting mechanism comprises a water twisting barrel 7, the diameter of the left end of each water twisting barrel 7 is smaller than that of the right end of each water twisting barrel 7, the right end of each water twisting barrel 7 is outwards curled to be arc-shaped, and a plurality of water leakage holes are formed in the side wall of each water twisting barrel 7.
When the cultivation tank 5 is installed, as shown in fig. 2, the right end of the bottom of the cultivation tank 5 is hinged to the surface of the cultivation bed 1, the left end of the cultivation bed 1 is fixedly connected with a spring 8, and the lower end of the spring 8 is fixedly connected to the cultivation bed 1. The left end fixedly connected with at cultivation groove 5 top is used for adjusting cultivation groove 5 inclination's stay cord 9, and fixed mounting has the lantern ring 10 on the cultivation bed 1 left side wall, and the one end that the cultivation groove 5 was kept away from to stay cord 9 is around rolling up on the lantern ring 10 and here is beaten the slipknot.
S3, installing a pouring line: a first guide roller 11, a third guide roller 16 and a driving roller 12 are arranged above the left end of the cultivation bed 1, and the outer circumferences of the first guide roller 11 and the third guide roller 16 are abutted. A second guide roller 13 and a driven roller 14 are arranged above the right end of the cultivation bed 1, a thread rope 15 is wound on the driven roller 14, a water absorbing layer is fixedly connected to the thread rope 15, and the diameter of the water absorbing layer is larger than that of the left end of the wringing cylinder 7. The initial end of the thread rope 15 passes through the second guide roller 13, penetrates into the cavity 2 from the right end of the cultivation bed 1, passes through the rightmost rotating roller 3 in the cavity 2, penetrates out of the right side of the rightmost cultivation groove 5 after changing the direction, penetrates through the water wringing cylinder 7, penetrates into the cavity 2 again from the left side of the cultivation groove 5, the operation is repeated, so that the thread rope 15 passes through the wringing cylinder 7 above each cultivation groove 5, and finally the initial end of the thread rope 15 passes through the first guide roller 11 and the third guide roller 16 and then is fixed on the driven roller 14.
S4, filling matrix: the cultivation tank 5 is filled with a substrate having a height at least 2/3 of the height of the cultivation tank 5. The matrix comprises the following substances in percentage by volume: 10% -50% of sand and 50% -90% of perlite, during preparation, the sand is river sand, the perlite is perlite powder purchased in the market, 10% of river sand and 90% of perlite powder are weighed and uniformly stirred, then sterile water is added, stirring is continued, the prepared substrate can be agglomerated by holding with hands, and the substrate is naturally dispersed after loosening the hands.
S5, transplanting strawberry seedlings: transplanting the strawberry seedlings into the cultivation tank 5, and completely burying the root systems of the strawberry seedlings in the matrix.
S6, illumination: and turning on each illuminating lamp 6 on the cultivation tank 5, wherein the illumination intensity is 25000-30000 Lux, and the illumination time is 7-8 h/day. When the strawberry plants enter the fruiting period, the lighting conditions are as follows: the illumination intensity is 40000-50000 Lux, and the illumination time is 13-14 h/day.
S7, pouring nutrient solution: irrigating with 10-12 mL of nutrient solution once every three morning hours at a ratio of 7: 30-8: 30. The nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of cane sugar, 10 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 25 parts of urea, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ferric sulfate, 1 part of sodium molybdate, 1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 15 parts of humic acid and 900 parts of water.
During irrigation, the driving roller 12 is driven by a motor or the driving roller 12 is manually rotated, so that the driving roller 12 rotates anticlockwise to wind the cotton rope 15, the cotton rope 15 moves, the water absorbing layer absorbs the nutrient solution in the cavity 2 and then moves to the position of the water wringing cylinder 7, and when the water absorbing layer penetrates through the water wringing cylinder 7, the diameter of the left end of the water wringing cylinder 7 is smaller than that of the water absorbing layer, so that the nutrient solution absorbed in the water absorbing layer is squeezed out by the water wringing cylinder 7, the nutrient solution drops on the substrate in the cultivation tank 5, and irrigation of the nutrient solution is completed.
In the process of winding the thread rope 15, when the thread rope 15 passes through the first guide roller 11 and the third guide roller 16, the nutrient solution in the water absorption layer is extruded out, and the nutrient solution drops back into the cavity 2, so that the waste of the nutrient solution is avoided.
When the strawberry plants enter the flowering phase, the nutrient solution is replaced, and the nutrient solution at the moment is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of cane sugar, 10 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 22 parts of urea, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ferric sulfate, 1 part of sodium molybdate, 2.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 15 parts of humic acid and 900 parts of water. After the strawberry plants enter the flowering phase, the demands for putting phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are increased, and meanwhile, excessive nitrogen fertilizers can promote the growth of the strawberry plants to influence the growth of flower buds, so that the formula of the nutrient solution is adjusted, the amount of urea is reduced, and the amount of monopotassium phosphate is increased to adapt to different demands for nutrition in different phases in the growth process of the strawberry plants. Meanwhile, in the early stage of the flowering period, gibberellin aqueous solution with the concentration of 6-8 mg/kg is sprayed onto seedling cores of strawberry plants, and each strawberry plant is sprayed with 3-5 mg of gibberellin aqueous solution, so that the growth of the strawberry plants is stimulated.
S8: adjusting the inclination angle of the cultivation groove: after 20-35 days of cultivation, the strawberry plants grow up and begin to form flower buds, enter the flowering period, the length of the pull rope 9 is adjusted at the moment, the pull rope 9 is released, the cultivation groove 5 rotates clockwise 10-15 degrees around the hinged point of the cultivation groove 5 and the cultivation bed 1 under the action of the spring 8, and the illuminating lamp 6 above the cultivation groove 5 can continue to induce the strawberry plants to grow upwards. After continuously culturing for 7-15 days, the petals of the strawberry plants wither and grow out of strawberry fruits, the strawberry plants enter a fruiting period, at the moment, the length of the pull rope 9 is adjusted again, and the pull rope 9 is released, so that the culture groove 5 continuously rotates clockwise for 30-35 degrees. Thus, in the fruiting period, the strawberry plants continue to grow upwards under the induction of the illuminating lamp 6, and fruits grown on the strawberry plants gradually grow up and gradually become heavy, finally pass through the strawberry plants and hang on the strawberry plants. Since the cultivation tank 5 is disposed obliquely, the fruit will hang in the air on the right side of the cultivation tank 5. And culturing for 10-20 days until the strawberry fruits are ripe.
S9, picking fruits: and (5) picking off and storing mature strawberry fruits. When picking fruits, because the fruits that the strawberry plant in every cultivation groove 5 came out all are located the right side of cultivation groove 5, and the fruit is in unsettled hanging state, it is very convenient to pick, picks efficiently. In addition, because the fruit peel of strawberry fruit is extremely thin, very easy impaired rotten, and the strawberry fruit in this embodiment does not contact with the matrix in the cultivation groove 5, has effectively avoided the strawberry fruit to lead to the impaired rotten of strawberry fruit because of contacting the matrix, has reduced the spoilage of strawberry fruit, has improved the income.
The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.
Claims (6)
1. The method for soilless culture of the strawberries is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a cultivation bed: a cavity for storing nutrient solution is formed in the cultivation bed, and a plurality of rotating rollers arranged in parallel are rotatably connected in the cavity; a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed in the cultivation bed along the length direction of the cultivation bed, and the through holes are communicated with the cavity and the outside;
s2, installing a cultivation groove: installing a plurality of cultivation grooves on a cultivation bed along the length direction of the cultivation bed, so that two through holes are formed in two sides of each cultivation groove, and an illuminating lamp and a water twisting mechanism are installed above each cultivation groove; when the cultivation groove is installed, one end of the bottom of the cultivation groove is hinged with the cultivation bed, a spring is fixedly connected between the other end of the cultivation bed and the cultivation bed, and a pull rope for adjusting the inclination angle of the cultivation groove is fixedly connected to one end, close to the spring, of the top of the cultivation groove;
s3, installing a pouring line: guide rollers are arranged above two ends of the cultivation bed, a driving roller is arranged on one side of the cultivation bed, a driven roller is arranged on the other side of the cultivation bed, a cotton rope is wound on the driven roller, and a water absorption layer is fixedly connected to the cotton rope; the initial end of the thread rope penetrates into a cavity of the cultivation bed, passes through one side of the cultivation groove by bypassing the rotary roller, passes through the water twisting mechanism, and then penetrates into the cavity again from the other side of the cultivation groove, the operation is continuously repeated, so that the thread rope passes above each cultivation groove, and the initial end of the thread rope is finally fixed on the driven roller;
s4, filling matrix: filling a substrate in the cultivation groove, wherein the height of the substrate at least reaches 2/3 of the height of the cultivation groove;
s5, transplanting strawberry seedlings: transplanting the strawberry seedlings into the cultivation grooves, and completely embedding root systems of the strawberry seedlings into the matrix;
s6, illumination: turning on each illuminating lamp on the cultivation tank, wherein the illumination intensity is 25000-30000 Lux, and the illumination time is 7-8 h/day;
s7, pouring nutrient solution: irrigating once every three morning hours within 7: 30-8: 30, wherein the irrigation amount is 10-12 mL; during irrigation, the driving roller is driven to rotate to drive the cotton rope to move, the water absorbing layer enters the water wringing mechanism, and under the action of the water wringing mechanism, nutrient liquid in the water absorbing layer drops in a substrate of the cultivation tank;
s8, adjusting the inclination angle of the cultivation groove: after 20-35 days of cultivation, the strawberry plants grow and begin to form buds, the strawberry plants enter a flowering period, and the length of the pull rope is adjusted, so that the inclination angle of the cultivation groove is 10-15 degrees; after 7-15 days of cultivation, petals of strawberry plants wither and fall and strawberry fruits grow out, the fruiting period is started, the length of the pull rope is further adjusted, the inclination angle of the cultivation groove is changed to 40-50 degrees, and cultivation is carried out for 10-20 days until the strawberry fruits are ripe;
s9, picking fruits: and (5) picking off and storing mature strawberry fruits.
2. A method for soilless culture of strawberries as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the matrix used in step S4 is composed of the following substances by volume percent: 10-50% of sand and 50-90% of perlite.
3. A method for soilless culture of strawberries according to claim 2, characterized in that: the nutrient solution used in the step S7 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of cane sugar, 10 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 25 parts of urea, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ferric sulfate, 1 part of sodium molybdate, 1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 15 parts of humic acid and 900 parts of water.
4. A method for soilless culture of strawberries according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step S8, the nutrient solution used during the flowering period of the strawberry plant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of cane sugar, 10 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 22 parts of urea, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of copper sulfate, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of boric acid, 4 parts of ferric sulfate, 1 part of sodium molybdate, 2.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 2 parts of gamma-polyglutamic acid, 7 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 15 parts of humic acid and 900 parts of water.
5. A method for soilless culture of strawberries according to claim 4, characterized in that: in step S8, when the strawberry plant enters the fruiting period, the lighting conditions are as follows: the illumination intensity is 40000-50000 Lux, and the illumination time is 13-14 h/day.
6. A method for soilless culture of strawberries according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step S8, gibberellin aqueous solution with the concentration of 6-8 mg/kg is sprayed on the seedling cores of strawberry plants at the initial stage of the flowering period, and each strawberry plant is sprayed with 3-5 mg.
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| CN112586335A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-02 | 河南凤彩农业发展有限公司 | Three-dimensional soilless strawberry cultivation method |
| CN114158475B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-11-25 | 甘肃农业大学 | Laboratory potato aseptic aeroponics test device |
| CN115005072A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-09-06 | 上海派璐斯信息科技有限公司 | Strawberry soilless culture method |
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