CN109169155A - A kind of dedicated growing nursery and culture matrix of prevention and control Cruciferae clubroot and its manufacturing technology - Google Patents
A kind of dedicated growing nursery and culture matrix of prevention and control Cruciferae clubroot and its manufacturing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN109169155A CN109169155A CN201811330792.3A CN201811330792A CN109169155A CN 109169155 A CN109169155 A CN 109169155A CN 201811330792 A CN201811330792 A CN 201811330792A CN 109169155 A CN109169155 A CN 109169155A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of growing nursery and culture matrix of material containing stalk fermentation for Cruciferae nursery and cultivation, belong to agricultural production seedling cultivation field.The Cruciferae growing nursery and culture matrix of the material provided by the invention containing stalk fermentation, by feces of livestock and poultry, the materials such as stalk are prepared according to certain process and proportion.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows soil environment is improved, the clubroot pathogenic bacteria in growing nursery and culture environment are reduced；The processing problem of organic solid castoff material is not only solved, and advantageously reduces the rape plasmodiophora brassicae in growing nursery and culture environment.Substrate preparation process is simple and convenient to operate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crop in cruciferae growing nursery and culture matrix and its manufacturing technologies, belong to agricultural production nursery cultivation
Train technical field.
Background technique
Being produced as of brassicaceous vegetable catches up with season, and the technologies such as the nursery in advance that races against time, seedlings field planting are got more and more attention,
But because soil-blocks for seedlings (soil environment) carries disease germs, seedling is caused to infect clubroot, when causing the thing of Cruciferae Severe Reduction
There is generation, and has the tendency that aggravating year by year.It is imperative to find a kind of Cruciferae seedling medium without pathogenic bacteria.
The purposes of stalk is mainly that animal feeding-stuff, life fuel or product make compost material.It is generated in annual China's agricultural production
All kinds of stalks are up to more than 700,000,000 tons, and there are about 3.5 hundred million tons for corn stover.How to turn waste into wealth, utilizes corn to high-efficiency and low-cost
And other crop materials, become our times various countries in the research and development focus in biomass resource utilization field.
Feces of livestock and poultry contains more organic matter and npk nutrient, and livestock and poultry cultivation compares the place of concentration, substantially
There is no special night soil treatment system.Feces of livestock and poultry huddles leave about everywhere, causes adverse effect to the normal life of nearby residents；
In addition, feces of livestock and poultry is unprocessed directly use soil after dissemination also is played to the ovum of helminth, sex pheromone.
Cruciferae growing nursery and culture matrix of the present invention, mainly using agricultural wastes as primary raw material, feature is former
Expect it is at low cost, without plasmodiophora brassicae pathogenic bacteria, be renewable, ecotypic organic raising seedling cultivation matrix.
Summary of the invention
For plasmodiophora brassicae in prevention and treatment soil and the problems such as Cruciferae maturation time quickly lists how is reduced, the present invention mentions
For a kind of dedicated growing nursery and culture matrix of prevention and control Cruciferae clubroot.
A kind of Cruciferae nursery of the material containing stalk fermentation and cultivation matrix, are prepared by the raw material of following volumes part:
30 ~ 70 parts of stalk fermentation object, vermiculite or 10 ~ 20 parts of perlite, 10 ~ 20 parts of carbonization rice husk, 20 ~ 30 parts of coco bran, turf 10 ~ 20
Part, polyelement composite fertilizer 0 ~ 0.4%.
Preferably, the raw material comprising following volumes part: 50 parts of stalk fermentation object, vermiculite or 10 parts of perlite, coco bran 20
Part, 10 parts of carbonization rice husk, 10 parts of turf, polyelement composite fertilizer 0.02%.
Above-mentioned matrix the preparation method comprises the following steps: stalk is ground into 0.4-0.7cm or so, smashed stalk and livestock and poultry by (1)
Excrement is uniformly mixed according to the volume ratio of 1.5-2.5:1, adjusts mixture moisture content to 50% ~ 60%, and carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25 ~
30:1 adds aerobic fermentation bacterium, formula compost fermentation, and temperature is not stirred before reaching 60 DEG C, keeps 4 ~ 5 after reaching 60 DEG C or more
It, then carries out turning over and throws oxygenation hydrofuge；Every four days turning and throwing onces are turned over throwing 4 ~ 5 times, mixture soften it is fluffy after, natural drying or
High-temperature dehumidification makes its moisture be down to 35% hereinafter, mixture is spare；
(2) coco bran is handled: coco bran being first crushed to 5 ~ 7mm；Then coco bran is cleaned multiple times, after cleaning, then with chitosan organic acid
Salt nutrient solution impregnates, and EC value is 0.3-0.5mS/cm after immersion, and gravity control water does not dry, spare；
(3) turf is handled: carrying out sieving processing with 5 ~ 8mm sieve to turf, the turf and coco bran after sieving are according to volume ratio 1:1
Mixing keeps the humidity of mixture 60% ~ 80%, and shading treatment is kept for 3 ~ 5 days；
(4) it lures and kills clubroot pathogenic bacteria: the mixture of step (3) is proportionally mixed with stalk fermentation object,
Moisture content is maintained at 50% ~ 60%, shading treatment.5 ~ 7d is kept after temperature rises to 60 DEG C, then uniform spraying fungicide,
Spray concentration is 1000 times of liquid；The artificial moisture content that reduces obtains matrix aggregate to 35% simultaneously；
(5) base-material is mixed in proportion with vermiculite or perlite, carbonization rice husk, multi-component composite fertilizer, the pH value for adjusting mixture exists
To get Cruciferae nursery or cultivation matrix between 6.5 ~ 7.0.
Wherein, stalk is any one of wheat, corn and rice straw, adjusts carbon-nitrogen ratio and is adjusted using urea.
Wherein, aerobic fermentation bacterium is any one of zymophytes such as VT zymophyte, EM zymophyte, and dosage is stalk fermentation
Expect the 0.05 ~ 0.1% of quality.
Wherein, the fungicide in step (4) is any one of fungicide such as carbendazim, fluazinam, cyazofamid.
Wherein, pH is adjusted using any of light calcium or white lime in step (5).
In order to enable Cruciferae crops shift to an earlier date nursery, quickly list, seizes market and obtain more economic interests, just must
The seedling raise period of crops must be shortened, the pH of crucifer fast-growth is 6.2-6.8 solutions of weak acidity, but cruciate flower
The suitable growth pH of the Natural Enemies of section crops --- plasmodiophora brassicae is also acid condition, so universal cross in the prior art
The pH of flower section's planting soil is 7-7.8, and alkalescent prevents root although crop growth speed slows down to a certain extent
Swollen disease.Method provided by the invention is to pass through sterilization in the case where being suitable for the soil i.e. faintly acid soil of Cruciferae growth
Back root part is antibacterial, guarantees the growth that also can effectively prevent plasmodiophora brassicae while the speed of growth of crops.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. matrix of the invention can reduce the bacteria containing amount of rape plasmodiophora brassicae, clubroot morbidity is several during growing nursery and culture is effectively reduced
Rate；
2. base starting material of the invention based on organic waste material, not only solves the processing problem of organic waste material, more
Reduce the production cost of matrix；
3. the matrix that the present invention prepares is retained good permeability, various organic-inorganic nutrient compoundings, Quality of Seedlings is improved；The plant of cultivation
Object growing way is good, and the speed of growth is fast, there is economic value.
Specific embodiment:
Raw material: stalk fermentation material fermentation material, coco bran (EC value 0.41), turf, bagasse, vermiculite or perlite by the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching.
Its parts by volume of embodiment 1-6 ingredient such as table 1:
Table 1
Operating procedure:
(1) stalk is ground into 0.5cm or so, smashed stalk is uniformly mixed with feces of livestock and poultry according to the volume ratio of 2:1, is adjusted
Mixture moisture content is saved to 50% ~ 60%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25 ~ 30:1, adds aerobic fermentation bacterium.Formula compost fermentation, temperature
Degree does not stir before reaching 60 DEG C, is kept for 4 ~ 5 days after reaching 60 DEG C or more, then carries out turning over and throws oxygenation hydrofuge；Turn over throwing one within every four days
It is secondary, it turns over throwing 4 ~ 5 times；After mixture softening is fluffy, natural drying or high-temperature dehumidification make its moisture be down to 35% hereinafter, mixture is standby
With.
(2) coco bran is handled: coco bran being first crushed to 5 ~ 7mm；Then coco bran is cleaned multiple times, it is organic with chitosan after cleaning
Hydrochlorate nutrient solution impregnates coco bran, makes its EC value 0.3-0.5mS/cm；Gravity control water does not dry after cleaning, spare.
(3) turf is handled: carrying out sieving processing with 5 ~ 8mm sieve to turf, the turf and coco bran after sieving are according to volume
It is mixed than 1:1, keeps the humidity of mixture 60% ~ 80%, shading treatment is kept for 3 ~ 5 days.
(4) it lures and kills clubroot pathogenic bacteria: the mixture of step (3) is proportionally mixed with stalk fermentation object
Even, moisture content is maintained at 50% ~ 60%, shading treatment.5 ~ 7d is kept after temperature rises to 60 DEG C, then uniformly sprinkling sterilization
Agent, spray concentration are 1000 times of liquid；The artificial moisture content that reduces obtains matrix aggregate to 35% simultaneously.
(5) base-material is mixed in proportion with vermiculite or perlite, carbonization rice husk, multi-component composite fertilizer, adjusts the pH of mixture
Value is between 7.0 ~ 8.0 to get Cruciferae nursery or cultivation matrix.
In step (1), carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted using urea liquid.
Above-mentioned stalk is any one of wheat, corn and rice straw.
Above-mentioned aerobic fermentation bacterium is any one of zymophytes such as VT zymophyte, EM zymophyte, and dosage is stalk fermentation
Expect the 0.05 ~ 0.1% of quality.
Fungicide in step (4) is the fungicide such as carbendazim, fluazinam, cyazofamid
Any one of.
PH is adjusted using any of light calcium or white lime in step (5), and dosage is that every cube of mixed-matrix is added 1.5
~2.5Kg。
Operated according to above-mentioned steps, according to the ratio in Table 1 embodiment 1-6 prepared respectively matrix 1, matrix 2, matrix 3,
Matrix 4, matrix 5, matrix 6.
The Cruciferae growing nursery and culture matrix of the material containing stalk fermentation of embodiment 1-6 and the matrix (turf: leech containing turf
Stone: perlite=3:1:1) every physical and chemical parameter and the cruciferous sprouts cultivated growth indexes (in addition to matrix difference,
Other cultivation conditions are identical) control, such as table 2:
Table 2
Table 2 statistics indicate that, Cruciferae nursery of the invention and the content of organic matter of cultivation matrix, shoot survival percent are above and contain
The cultivation matrix of turf, and the cultivation matrix of the turf of alkalinity kills bacterium still in time and has the probability of recurrence.So using this
The seedling medium of invention can effectively prevent the generation of Cruciferae clubroot.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Cruciferae nursery of material containing stalk fermentation and cultivation matrix, which is characterized in that by the raw material of following volumes part
It is prepared: 30 ~ 70 parts of stalk fermentation object, vermiculite or 10 ~ 20 parts of perlite, 10 ~ 20 parts of carbonization rice husk, 20 ~ 30 parts of coco bran,
10 ~ 20 parts of turf, polyelement composite fertilizer 0 ~ 0.4%.
2. matrix according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the raw material comprising following volumes part: 50 parts of stalk fermentation object,
Vermiculite or 10 parts of perlite, 20 parts of coco bran, 10 parts of carbonization rice husk, 10 parts of turf, polyelement composite fertilizer 0.02%.
3. a kind of matrix of any of claims 1 or 2, which is characterized in that by being prepared using following steps:
(1) stalk is ground into 0.4-0.7cm or so, smashed stalk and feces of livestock and poultry according to the volume ratio of 1.5-2.5:1
It is uniformly mixed, adjusts mixture moisture content to 50% ~ 60%, carbon-nitrogen ratio is adjusted to 25 ~ 30:1, adds aerobic fermentation bacterium, formula
Compost fermentation, temperature are not stirred before reaching 60 DEG C, are kept for 4 ~ 5 days after reaching 60 DEG C or more, are then carried out turning over and are thrown oxygenation hydrofuge；Often
Four days turning and throwing onces are turned over throwing 4 ~ 5 times, mixture soften it is fluffy after, natural drying or high-temperature dehumidification make its moisture be down to 35% with
Under, mixture is spare；
(2) coco bran is handled: coco bran being first crushed to 5 ~ 7mm；Then coco bran is cleaned multiple times, after cleaning, then with chitosan organic acid
Salt nutrient solution impregnates, and EC value is 0.3-0.5mS/cm after immersion, and gravity control water does not dry, spare；
(3) turf is handled: carrying out sieving processing with 5 ~ 8mm sieve to turf, the turf and coco bran after sieving are according to volume ratio 1:1
Mixing keeps the humidity of mixture 60% ~ 80%, and shading treatment is kept for 3 ~ 5 days；
(4) it lures and kills clubroot pathogenic bacteria: the mixture of step (3) is proportionally mixed with stalk fermentation object,
Moisture content is maintained at 50% ~ 60%, shading treatment；5 ~ 7d is kept after temperature rises to 60 DEG C, then uniform spraying fungicide,
Spray concentration is 1000 times of liquid；The artificial moisture content that reduces obtains matrix aggregate to 35% simultaneously；
(5) base-material is mixed in proportion with vermiculite or perlite, carbonization rice husk, multi-component composite fertilizer, the pH value for adjusting mixture exists
To get Cruciferae nursery or cultivation matrix between 6.5 ~ 7.0.
4. matrix according to claim 4, which is characterized in that adjust carbon-nitrogen ratio in the step (1) and use urea
It adjusts.
5. matrix according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step (1), stalk is wheat, corn and water
Any one of rice straw.
6. matrix according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in the step (1) aerobic fermentation bacterium be VT zymophyte,
Any one of zymophytes such as EM zymophyte, dosage are the 0.05 ~ 0.1% of stalk fermentation material quality.
7. matrix according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the fungicide in the step (4) is carbendazim, fluorine pyridine
Any one of fungicide such as amine, cyazofamid.
8. matrix according to claim 4, which is characterized in that pH, which is adjusted, in the step (5) uses light calcium or ripe
Lime it is any.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811330792.3A CN109169155A (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | A kind of dedicated growing nursery and culture matrix of prevention and control Cruciferae clubroot and its manufacturing technology |
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| CN201811330792.3A CN109169155A (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | A kind of dedicated growing nursery and culture matrix of prevention and control Cruciferae clubroot and its manufacturing technology |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110521542A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of cherry and tomato matrix formulations |
| CN111492940A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-07 | 济南鲁青种苗有限公司 | Special substrate for soilless culture of tomatoes and preparation method thereof |
| CN111587762A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 永清县兴晟农业服务有限公司 | Environment-friendly vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110521542A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of cherry and tomato matrix formulations |
| CN111587762A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-28 | 永清县兴晟农业服务有限公司 | Environment-friendly vegetable seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN111492940A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-07 | 济南鲁青种苗有限公司 | Special substrate for soilless culture of tomatoes and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20201009 Address after: No.6, middle section road, Tengjin Road, Pingan sub district office, Changqing District, Jinan City, Shandong Province Applicant after: Shandong xinxile Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 250000 No. 88 Heroes Mountain Road, Shizhong District, Jinan City, Shandong Province Applicant before: SHANDONG SHANGDAO BIOTECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |