CN109168842A

CN109168842A - A kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate

Info

Publication number: CN109168842A
Application number: CN201810838575.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: This Paper Set Up Cooperatives Mango Tiandong County
Current assignee: This Paper Set Up Cooperatives Mango Tiandong County
Priority date: 2018-07-27
Filing date: 2018-07-27
Publication date: 2019-01-11

Abstract

The invention belongs to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate specifically includes (1) seed treatment；(2) seedling matrix prepares；(3) sow: by treated in step (1), seed is sowed in seedling-raising cup, a seed is sowed in each seedling-raising cup, by the downward program request of hilum in seedling medium, at 1-2 centimetres of outer layer earthing, it sprinkles profoundly water, seedling-raising cup is placed in greenhouse and carries out nursery；(4) it cultivates: until before seed seedling grows seedling, it is primary at interval of watering in 3-5 days, and keeping sunlight irradiance is the lux 1000-1200；To seedling length to 5-10 centimetres, start to carry out processing of filling the gaps with seedlings to the seedling-raising cup that do not emerge, then adjusting intensity of illumination is the lux 1500-2000, until being extensible greenhouse after long to 15-20 centimetres of seedling.This method can not only improve the outplanting rate of seedling, and disease resistance is strong.

Description

A kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate

[technical field]

The invention belongs to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of cultivation side improved mango seedling and go out transplantation of seedlings rate Method.

[background technique]

Mango cultivation history is long, and it is one of mango source area that 4000 Nian Qian India, which have cultivation China, the hundred of our province The cultivated area in color city is big.

Mango is full of nutrition, sugar content and heat are high, and vitamin A and C are extremely abundant, and pulp fragrance sweet tea is sliding, flavor unique one Lattice have the honor of " tropical fruit king ", and at home and abroad market is all popular.In addition to making fresh fruit, can also fruit juice processed, jam, can, Pickling, sour and hot pickles and mango milk powder, preserved fruit etc..

But there are also many shortcomings for the implantation methods of mango now, mainly there is that the emergence rate of seedling is not high, moves Plant the problems such as success rate is to be improved.

[summary of the invention]

The object of the present invention is to provide the cultural methods that a kind of raising mango seedling goes out transplantation of seedlings rate, and this method can not only The outplanting rate of seedling is enough improved, and disease resistance is strong.

To achieve the goals above, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:

A kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate, the specific steps are as follows:

(1) seed treatment: the mango seed of health is cleaned, is subsequently placed into the basin for fill with water and chooses seeds, removal is swum Seed, qualified seed is placed on and is dried in the environment of drying, ventilation, after seed hull surface dry, is carried out It peels off and takes out seed, more clever bacterium solutions that seed is immersed in 300-400 times of dilution carry out sterilization processing, for use；

(2) seedling matrix prepares:

1) raw material weighs: weighing following raw material: 30-50 parts of waste wood, fresh corn stalk 30-40 according to parts by weight Part, 40-60 parts of goat excrement, 20-30 parts of High-Mg phosphate tailings, 20-40 parts of vinasse, 20-40 parts of filter mud, 10-15 parts of soybean residue, pomegranate 30-50 parts of lotus shell, 8-10 parts of EM bacterium, 3-8 parts of cellulase, 5-10 parts of garlic juice, 5-10 parts of cassia bark soak, middle sand 300- 500 parts, ammonium nitrate 10-20 parts by weight, zinc sulfate 5-15 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 10-20 parts by weight, sodium metasilicate 10-15 parts by weight；

2) after, being crushed fresh corn stalk, durian shell, cellulase is added and mixes, accumulates 1.5-2.5 hours；

3) warm water, is added in EM bacterium, the ratio of EM bacterium and warm water is 1g:200ml, is subsequently added into mango polysaccharide, mango is more Sugar and the weight ratio of EM bacterium are 1:3；

4) goat excrement, is put into process tank the progress anaerobic expanded explosion of high pressure, pressure 50-80MPa, explosion when Between be 20-30S, after explosion, continue to be placed in process tank Anaerobic Treatment 20-30 minutes；

5), High-Mg phosphate tailings are carried out being crushed 10 meshes and obtains High-Mg phosphate tailings powder, then carry out being preheated to 40-45 DEG C, organic acid is then added and carries out grinding 20-30S, the weight ratio of organic acid and High-Mg phosphate tailings powder is 1:2-3；It is described It according to weight ratio is that 1:2-5:1-2 is obtained by mixing that organic acid, which is lactic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid,；

6) it, discards cabinet-wood pretreatment: the superficial white of recycling or the waste and old wood furniture of yellow is subjected to extexine It cuts, 1-1.5cm behind the surface layer of cutting obtains surface layer plank, plank clast is broken to after 1cm and obtains plank clast, according to 1 public affairs The plank clast of jin is added 2 kilograms of acetic acid of the ratio that mass concentration is 15-25% and impregnates 6-7 hours in processing pond, then It is sprinkled into pulverized limestone, the additional amount of pulverized limestone accounts for the 0.02 of plank clast and acetic acid gross mass, and the adding manner of pulverized limestone is that side is stirred It mixes side to be slowly added into processing pond, adds pulverized limestone and keep and stir 20-30 minutes, then salvage plank clast, use Clear water rinses the outer surface of plank clast well, and it is 20-30% that plank clast, which is then kept moisture content, and discarded sugar is added Honey, the additional amount for discarding molasses is the 1/2 of plank clast total weight, after mixing, and fermentation Mixed Microbes, the fermentation of addition is added The amount of Mixed Microbes is the 0.02% of plank clast total weight, and heap is built after being followed by stirring for uniformly and is fermented 15-25 days, then screening is set out Ferment Mixed Microbes, can be obtained waste wood；

7), by step 1) -6) treated, and raw material takes out, screw conveyor is put into after mixing with vinasse, filter mud, soybean residue Entrance, screw conveyor by mixture from screw conveyor outlet launch, into fermentation vat, cover the lid of fermentation vat, cover It is reserved with venthole on son, guarantees have oxygen to be passed through in fermentation vat, after fermentation 30-40 days, fermentation material can be obtained；

8) fermentation material for obtaining upper step and ammonium nitrate, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium metasilicate, garlic juice, cassia bark impregnate Liquid, middle sand are added in seedling-raising cup after mixing, and charge weight accounts for the 4/5 of seedling-raising cup volume；

(3) sow: by treated in step (1), seed is sowed in seedling-raising cup, and one is sowed in each seedling-raising cup Seed, in 1-2 centimetres of outer layer earthing, is sprinkled profoundly water by the downward program request of hilum in seedling medium, and seedling-raising cup is placed on temperature Nursery is carried out in the greenhouse of room；

(4) it cultivates: until before seed seedling grows seedling, it is primary at interval of watering in 3-5 days, and keep sunlight irradiance For the lux 1000-1200；It is long to 5-10 centimetres to seedling, start to carry out processing of filling the gaps with seedlings to the seedling-raising cup that do not emerge, then adjust Illumination intensity is the lux 1500-2000, until mango seedling, which can be obtained, after long to 15-20 centimetres of seedling to remove Greenhouse；

(4) it transplants: the blade of mango seedling is cut off 1/3, directly will after then removing the lamination of seedling-raising cup outer layer Then mango seedling definite value with brown paper is earthed up in the planting pit on hillside, pour root water；Planting pit length and width Each 0.3 meter, 0.5 meter deep, the bottom of each kind of plant hole applies base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer is 0.5-1.5 kilograms of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 1.0- 1.5 kilograms, 1.0-1.5 kilograms of potash fertilizer, 0.3-0.4 kilograms of trace element fertilizer, by planting seedlings in cave, routinely field later Water and fertilizer management and disease, worm, grass prevention and treatment are reinforced in management.

It further illustrates, the volume of the seedling-raising cup is 4-6 cubic centimetres.

It further illustrates, the cup body of the seedling-raising cup is made of inner layer kraft, outer layer lamination；And seedling-raising cup is upper Rim of a cup, lower cup mouth perforation are bottomless.

It further illustrates, the screw pitch of the helical blade of front half section and the helical blade of second half section in the screw conveyor Screw pitch ratio is 3:1.

It further illustrates, the vinasse are that He Prefecture China Resources group prepares the vinasse generated after Snowflake Beer, neutrality in vinasse Wash fiber 36.08%, acid detergent fiber 22.33%, lignin 2.96%, soluble protein 5.12%, crude fibre 11.39%.

It further illustrates, the temperature of the warm water is 38-42 DEG C.

It further illustrates, C1 enzyme, Cx enzyme and β glucosidase accounting are 15:4:1 in the cellulase, and enzyme activity is 9000-10000 unit/mL.

It further illustrates, discards molasses before being added as raw material, first pass through and be preheated to 40 DEG C.

It further illustrates, the fermentation Mixed Microbes are hundred million CFU/ of 1.12-1.68 by the viable count of germ oligotrophy unit cell ML, bacillus viable count be hundred million CFU/mL of 1.13-1.65, the viable count of Penicillium notatum be hundred million CFU/mL of 0.98-1.24 according to Volume ratio is obtained by mixing for 1mL:5mL:7mL.

In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. the present invention carries out breeding, and seedling-raising cup later period awns using individually matching seedling-raising cup to mango seed Fruit seedling can directly be transplanted with this seedling-raising cup together after growing up to seedling, and it is complete to be able to maintain seedling root system, and seedling moves Cultivation requires to adapt to new soil environment, generally all can be to the mud for taking former compost on the root system of transplanted seedling, but generally speckling with Soil amount is few, and slowing down ability, still deficiency, the application can directly transplant seedling-raising cup together, not hurt root, and transplanting is convenient, and The transplanting survival rate of mango seedling can be greatly improved.

2. the seedling medium in the application have passed through the nursery that the research discovery of the applicant is prepared using the technology Matrix, aproll ability is strong, so that being easy thoroughly, to exist compared to more existing matrix in order to which the everywhere of seedling medium all contains after watering Water and largely water, discovery can save 15% or more compared to more existing substrate culture using the technical solution of the application It sprinkles profoundly water.

3. the cultivation matrix nutrient compatibility of the application is rationally scientific, the weight member such as a great number of elements such as N P and K, calcium and magnesium The microelements such as element, copper zinc-manganese boron element, big, middle and trace element content ratio are suitble to Growth of Mango demand, by agricultural, industry Comprehensive utilization of waste can discharge the advantageous elements among them, and garlic juice, cassia bark soak and middle sand has been cooperated to make The nutritional ingredient of cultivation matrix reaches inorganic total nutrient >=35%, organic matter >=17%, amino acid >=2%, rapid available phosphorus >= 30mg/kg, available potassium >=80mg/kg；And garlic juice, the cassia bark soak added has certain disease resistance, garlic juice There are many groups with the band of the effective component in cassia bark soak, and structure is complicated, and the two interaction is not easy to be fermented in material Nutritional ingredient decomposed, original drug effect is able to maintain, so that cultivating mango seedling until not needing before transplantation of seedlings out Carry out pesticide deinsectization；In conclusion the growth of seedling can be promoted using the cultivation matrix nutritional ingredient equilibrium of the application, and Growing way is excellent.

[specific embodiment]

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention.But the present invention can be with Much it is different from other way described herein to implement, those skilled in the art can be without prejudice to intension of the present invention the case where Under do similar improvement, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

The vinasse of buying are that He Prefecture China Resources group prepares the vinasse generated after Snowflake Beer, neutral detergent fiber in vinasse 36.08%, acid detergent fiber 22.33%, lignin 2.96%, soluble protein 5.12%, crude fibre 11.39%.

Embodiment 1:

(1) seed treatment: the mango seed of health is cleaned, is subsequently placed into the basin for fill with water and chooses seeds, removal is swum Seed, qualified seed is placed on and is dried in the environment of drying, ventilation, after seed hull surface dry, is carried out It peels off and takes out seed, more clever bacterium solutions that seed is immersed in 300 times of dilution carry out sterilization processing, for use；

(2) seedling matrix prepares:

1) raw material weighs: weighing following raw material: 30 parts of waste wood, 30 parts of fresh corn stalk, mountain according to parts by weight Just 40 parts of sheep dung, 20 parts of High-Mg phosphate tailings, 20 parts of vinasse, 20 parts of filter mud, 10 parts of soybean residue, 30-50 parts of durian shell, 8 parts of EM bacterium, 3 parts of cellulase, 5 parts of garlic juice, 5 parts of cassia bark soak, 300 parts of middle sand, 10 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate, 5 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, sulphur Sour 10 parts by weight of potassium, 10 parts by weight of sodium metasilicate；

2) after, being crushed fresh corn stalk, durian shell, C1 enzyme, Cx enzyme and β glucosidase accounting in cellulase is added For 15:4:1, and enzyme activity is that 9000 units/mL cellulase mixes, and is accumulated 1.5 hours；

3) EM bacterium, is added 38 DEG C of warm water, the ratio of EM bacterium and warm water is 1g:200ml, it is subsequently added into mango polysaccharide, Mango polysaccharide and the weight ratio of EM bacterium are 1:3；

4) goat excrement, is put into the progress anaerobic expanded explosion of high pressure, pressure 50MPa, the time of explosion in process tank For 20S, after explosion, continue to be placed on Anaerobic Treatment 20 minutes in process tank；

5), High-Mg phosphate tailings are carried out being crushed 10 meshes and obtain High-Mg phosphate tailings powder, then carry out being preheated to 40 DEG C, Then organic acid is added and carries out grinding 20-30S, the weight ratio of organic acid and High-Mg phosphate tailings powder is 1:2；The organic acid It according to weight ratio is that 1:2:1 is obtained by mixing for lactic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid；

6) it, discards cabinet-wood pretreatment: the superficial white of recycling or the waste and old wood furniture of yellow is subjected to extexine It cuts, 1cm behind the surface layer of cutting obtains surface layer plank, plank clast is broken to after 1cm and obtains plank clast, according to 1 kilogram Plank clast is added 2 kilograms of acetic acid of the ratio that mass concentration is 15% and impregnates in processing pond 6 hours, is then sprinkled into lime Powder, the additional amount of pulverized limestone account for the 0.02 of plank clast and acetic acid gross mass, and the adding manner of pulverized limestone is while stirring slowly Be added processing pond in, add pulverized limestone keep stirring 20 minutes, then salvage plank clast, it is using clear water that plank is broken The outer surface of bits is rinsed well, and it is 20% that plank clast, which is then kept moisture content, and addition is preheated to 40 DEG C of discarded molasses, gives up The additional amount for abandoning molasses is the 1/2 of plank clast total weight, after mixing, and fermentation Mixed Microbes, the fermentation mixing of addition is added The amount of bacterium is the 0.02% of plank clast total weight, and heap is built after being followed by stirring for uniformly and is fermented 25 days, then filters out fermentation mixing Waste wood can be obtained in bacterium；Mixed Microbes of fermenting are 1.12 hundred million CFU/mL, gemma bar by the viable count of germ oligotrophy unit cell The viable count of bacterium is 1.13 hundred million CFU/mL, the viable count of Penicillium notatum be 0.98 hundred million CFU/mL according to volume ratio is 1mL:5mL:7mL It is obtained by mixing；

7), by step 1) -6) treated, and raw material takes out, the spiral shell of front half section is put into after mixing with vinasse, filter mud, soybean residue Than the entrance of the screw conveyor for 3:1, screw conveyor will mix the screw pitch of the helical blade of the screw pitch and second half section of vane piece It closes material to launch from screw conveyor outlet, into fermentation vat, covers the lid of fermentation vat, venthole is reserved on lid, guarantee There is oxygen to be passed through in fermentation vat, after fermentation 40 days, fermentation material can be obtained；

(3) it sows: being in 6 cubic centimetres of seedling-raising cups in volume by the sowing of treated in step (1) seed, and seedling-raising cup Made of inner layer kraft, outer layer lamination；And seedling-raising cup upper rim of a cup, lower cup mouth perforation it is bottomless, broadcast in each seedling-raising cup One seed of kind, at 1 centimetre of outer layer earthing, sprinkles profoundly water by the downward program request of hilum in seedling medium, seedling-raising cup is placed Nursery is carried out in greenhouse；

(4) it cultivates: it is primary at interval of watering in 3 days until before seed seedling grows seedling, and keep the sunlight irradiance to be 1000 luxs；It is long to 5 centimetres to seedling, start to carry out processing of filling the gaps with seedlings to the seedling-raising cup that do not emerge, then adjusts intensity of illumination For 1500 luxs, mango seedling, which can be obtained, after long to 15 centimetres of seedling can remove greenhouse；

(4) it transplants: the blade of mango seedling is cut off 1/3, directly will after then removing the lamination of seedling-raising cup outer layer Then mango seedling definite value with brown paper is earthed up in the planting pit on hillside, pour root water；Planting pit length and width Each 0.3 meter, 0.5 meter deep, the bottom of each kind of plant hole applies base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer is 0.5 kilogram of nitrogenous fertilizer, 1.0 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potassium Fertile 1.0 kilograms, 0.3 kilogram of trace element fertilizer, by planting seedlings in cave, water and fertilizer management is reinforced in routinely field management later And disease, worm, grass prevention and treatment.

Embodiment 2:

(1) seed treatment: the mango seed of health is cleaned, is subsequently placed into the basin for fill with water and chooses seeds, removal is swum Seed, qualified seed is placed on and is dried in the environment of drying, ventilation, after seed hull surface dry, is carried out It peels off and takes out seed, more clever bacterium solutions that seed is immersed in 400 times of dilution carry out sterilization processing, for use；

(2) seedling matrix prepares:

1) raw material weighs: weighing following raw material: 50 parts of waste wood, 40 parts of fresh corn stalk, mountain according to parts by weight Just 60 parts of sheep dung, 30 parts of High-Mg phosphate tailings, 40 parts of vinasse, 40 parts of filter mud, 15 parts of soybean residue, 50 parts of durian shell, 10 parts of EM bacterium, fibre Tie up plain 8 parts of enzyme, 10 parts of garlic juice, 10 parts of cassia bark soak, 500 parts of middle sand, 20 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate, 15 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, 20 parts by weight of potassium sulfate, 15 parts by weight of sodium metasilicate；

2) after, being crushed fresh corn stalk, durian shell, C1 enzyme, Cx enzyme and β glucosidase accounting in cellulase is added For 15:4:1, and enzyme activity is that 10000 units/mL cellulase mixes, and is accumulated 2.5 hours；

3) EM bacterium, is added 42 DEG C of warm water, the ratio of EM bacterium and warm water is 1g:200ml, it is subsequently added into mango polysaccharide, Mango polysaccharide and the weight ratio of EM bacterium are 1:3；

4) goat excrement, is put into the progress anaerobic expanded explosion of high pressure, pressure 80MPa, the time of explosion in process tank For 30S, after explosion, continue to be placed on Anaerobic Treatment 30 minutes in process tank；

5), High-Mg phosphate tailings are carried out being crushed 10 meshes and obtain High-Mg phosphate tailings powder, then carry out being preheated to 45 DEG C, Then organic acid is added and carries out grinding 30S, the weight ratio of organic acid and High-Mg phosphate tailings powder is 1:3；The organic acid is Lactic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid are obtained by mixing according to weight ratio for 1:5:2；

6) it, discards cabinet-wood pretreatment: the superficial white of recycling or the waste and old wood furniture of yellow is subjected to extexine It cuts, 1.5cm behind the surface layer of cutting obtains surface layer plank, plank clast is broken to after 1cm and obtains plank clast, according to 1 kilogram Plank clast be added mass concentration be 25% 2 kilograms of acetic acid of ratio impregnated in processing pond 7 hours, be then sprinkled into lime Powder, the additional amount of pulverized limestone account for the 0.02 of plank clast and acetic acid gross mass, and the adding manner of pulverized limestone is while stirring slowly Be added processing pond in, add pulverized limestone keep stirring 30 minutes, then salvage plank clast, it is using clear water that plank is broken The outer surface of bits is rinsed well, and it is 30% that plank clast, which is then kept moisture content, and addition is preheated to 40 DEG C of discarded molasses, gives up The additional amount for abandoning molasses is the 1/2 of plank clast total weight, after mixing, and fermentation Mixed Microbes, the fermentation mixing of addition is added The amount of bacterium is the 0.02% of plank clast total weight, and heap is built after being followed by stirring for uniformly and is fermented 15 days, then filters out fermentation mixing Waste wood can be obtained in bacterium；Mixed Microbes of fermenting are 1.68 hundred million CFU/mL, gemma bar by the viable count of germ oligotrophy unit cell The viable count of bacterium is 1.65 hundred million CFU/mL, the viable count of Penicillium notatum be 1.24 hundred million CFU/mL according to volume ratio is 1mL:5mL:7mL It is obtained by mixing；

7), by step 1) -6) treated, and raw material takes out, the spiral shell of front half section is put into after mixing with vinasse, filter mud, soybean residue Than the entrance of the screw conveyor for 3:1, screw conveyor will mix the screw pitch of the helical blade of the screw pitch and second half section of vane piece It closes material to launch from screw conveyor outlet, into fermentation vat, covers the lid of fermentation vat, venthole is reserved on lid, guarantee There is oxygen to be passed through in fermentation vat, after fermentation 30 days, fermentation material can be obtained；

(3) it sows: being in 6 cubic centimetres of seedling-raising cups in volume by the sowing of treated in step (1) seed, and seedling-raising cup Made of inner layer kraft, outer layer lamination；And seedling-raising cup upper rim of a cup, lower cup mouth perforation it is bottomless, broadcast in each seedling-raising cup One seed of kind, at 2 centimetres of outer layer earthing, sprinkles profoundly water by the downward program request of hilum in seedling medium, seedling-raising cup is placed Nursery is carried out in greenhouse；

(4) it cultivates: it is primary at interval of watering in 5 days until before seed seedling grows seedling, and keep the sunlight irradiance to be 1200 luxs；It is long to 10 centimetres to seedling, start to carry out processing of filling the gaps with seedlings to the seedling-raising cup that do not emerge, then adjusts intensity of illumination For 2000 luxs, mango seedling, which can be obtained, after long to 20 centimetres of seedling can remove greenhouse；

(4) it transplants: the blade of mango seedling is cut off 1/3, directly will after then removing the lamination of seedling-raising cup outer layer Then mango seedling definite value with brown paper is earthed up in the planting pit on hillside, pour root water；Planting pit length and width Each 0.3 meter, 0.5 meter deep, the bottom of each kind of plant hole applies base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer is 1.5 kilograms of nitrogenous fertilizer, 1.5 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potassium Fertile 1.5 kilograms, 0.4 kilogram of trace element fertilizer, by planting seedlings in cave, water and fertilizer management is reinforced in routinely field management later And disease, worm, grass prevention and treatment.

Embodiment 3:

(1) seed treatment: the mango seed of health is cleaned, is subsequently placed into the basin for fill with water and chooses seeds, removal is swum Seed, qualified seed is placed on and is dried in the environment of drying, ventilation, after seed hull surface dry, is carried out It peels off and takes out seed, more clever bacterium solutions that seed is immersed in 350 times of dilution carry out sterilization processing, for use；

(2) seedling matrix prepares:

1) raw material weighs: weighing following raw material: 40 parts of waste wood, 35 parts of fresh corn stalk, mountain according to parts by weight Just 50 parts of sheep dung, 25 parts of High-Mg phosphate tailings, 30 parts of vinasse, 30 parts of filter mud, 12 parts of soybean residue, 40 parts of durian shell, 9 parts of EM bacterium, fibre Tie up plain 5 parts of enzyme, 8 parts of garlic juice, 7 parts of cassia bark soak, 400 parts of middle sand, 15 parts by weight of ammonium nitrate, 9 parts by weight of zinc sulfate, sulfuric acid 17 parts by weight of potassium, 12 parts by weight of sodium metasilicate；

2) after, being crushed fresh corn stalk, durian shell, C1 enzyme, Cx enzyme and β glucosidase accounting in cellulase is added For 15:4:1, and enzyme activity is that 9525 units/mL cellulase mixes, and is accumulated 2 hours；

3) EM bacterium, is added 40 DEG C of warm water, the ratio of EM bacterium and warm water is 1g:200ml, it is subsequently added into mango polysaccharide, Mango polysaccharide and the weight ratio of EM bacterium are 1:3；

4) goat excrement, is put into the progress anaerobic expanded explosion of high pressure, pressure 60MPa, the time of explosion in process tank For 25S, after explosion, continue to be placed on Anaerobic Treatment 24 minutes in process tank；

5), High-Mg phosphate tailings are carried out being crushed 10 meshes and obtain High-Mg phosphate tailings powder, then carry out being preheated to 42 DEG C, Then organic acid is added and carries out grinding 25S, the weight ratio of organic acid and High-Mg phosphate tailings powder is 1:2.5；The organic acid It according to weight ratio is that 13:1 is obtained by mixing for lactic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid；

6) it, discards cabinet-wood pretreatment: the superficial white of recycling or the waste and old wood furniture of yellow is subjected to extexine It cuts, 1-.2cm behind the surface layer of cutting obtains surface layer plank, plank clast is broken to after 1cm and obtains plank clast, according to 1 public affairs The plank clast of jin is added 2 kilograms of acetic acid of the ratio that mass concentration is 20% and impregnates in processing pond 6.5 hours, is then sprinkled into Pulverized limestone, the additional amount of pulverized limestone account for the 0.02 of plank clast and acetic acid gross mass, and the adding manner of pulverized limestone is while stirring Be slowly added into processing pond, add pulverized limestone keep stirring 25 minutes, then salvage plank clast, will be wooden using clear water The outer surface of plate clast is rinsed well, and it is 23% that plank clast, which is then kept moisture content, and addition is preheated to 40 DEG C of discarded sugar Honey, the additional amount for discarding molasses is the 1/2 of plank clast total weight, after mixing, and fermentation Mixed Microbes, the fermentation of addition is added The amount of Mixed Microbes is the 0.02% of plank clast total weight, and heap is built after being followed by stirring for uniformly and is fermented 20 days, fermentation is then filtered out Waste wood can be obtained in Mixed Microbes；Mixed Microbes of fermenting are 1.23 hundred million CFU/mL, bud by the viable count of germ oligotrophy unit cell The viable count of spore bacillus is 1.38 hundred million CFU/mL, the viable count of Penicillium notatum be 1.12 hundred million CFU/mL according to volume ratio is 1mL:5mL: 7mL is obtained by mixing；

7), by step 1) -6) treated, and raw material takes out, the spiral shell of front half section is put into after mixing with vinasse, filter mud, soybean residue Than the entrance of the screw conveyor for 3:1, screw conveyor will mix the screw pitch of the helical blade of the screw pitch and second half section of vane piece It closes material to launch from screw conveyor outlet, into fermentation vat, covers the lid of fermentation vat, venthole is reserved on lid, guarantee There is oxygen to be passed through in fermentation vat, after fermentation 37 days, fermentation material can be obtained；

(3) it sows: being in 5 cubic centimetres of seedling-raising cups in volume by the sowing of treated in step (1) seed, and seedling-raising cup Made of inner layer kraft, outer layer lamination；And seedling-raising cup upper rim of a cup, lower cup mouth perforation it is bottomless, broadcast in each seedling-raising cup One seed of kind, at 1.5 centimetres of outer layer earthing, sprinkles profoundly water by the downward program request of hilum in seedling medium, seedling-raising cup is put It sets and carries out nursery in greenhouse；

(4) it cultivates: it is primary at interval of watering in 4 days until before seed seedling grows seedling, and keep the sunlight irradiance to be 1100 luxs；It is long to 7 centimetres to seedling, start to carry out processing of filling the gaps with seedlings to the seedling-raising cup that do not emerge, then adjusts intensity of illumination For 15800 luxs, mango seedling, which can be obtained, after long to 17 centimetres of seedling can remove greenhouse；

(4) it transplants: the blade of mango seedling is cut off 1/3, directly will after then removing the lamination of seedling-raising cup outer layer Then mango seedling definite value with brown paper is earthed up in the planting pit on hillside, pour root water；Planting pit length and width Each 0.3 meter, 0.5 meter deep, the bottom of each kind of plant hole applies base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer is 0.9 kilogram of nitrogenous fertilizer, 1.3 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, potassium Fertile 1.2 kilograms, 0.35 kilogram of trace element fertilizer, by planting seedlings in cave, water and fertilizer management is reinforced in routinely field management later And disease, worm, grass prevention and treatment.

Comparative example 1:

Essentially identical with 1 step of embodiment, difference is, by the superficial white of recycling or the waste and old wood furniture of yellow into Row extexine is cut, and 1cm behind the surface layer of cutting obtains surface layer plank, plank clast is broken to after 1cm and obtains plank clast, is made For waste wood.

Comparative example 2:

Essentially identical with 1 step of embodiment, difference is that cabinet-wood pretreatment is discarded in step (1), and acetic acid uses water Replacement.

Comparative example 3:

Essentially identical with 1 step of embodiment, difference is to discard cabinet-wood pretreatment in step (1), do not use lime Powder carries out basic treatment.

Comparative example 4:

Essentially identical with 3 step of embodiment, difference is to discard cabinet-wood pretreatment in step (1), discard molasses not Carry out the pre-heat treatment.

Comparative example 5:

Essentially identical with 3 step of embodiment, difference is cabinet-wood pretreatment to be discarded in step (1), without fermentation Discarded molasses are not added in Mixed Microbes processing yet.

Comparative example 6:

Essentially identical with 3 step of embodiment, difference is that cabinet-wood pretreatment is discarded in step (1), Mixed Microbes of fermenting In only containing viable count be 1.12 hundred million CFU/mL germ oligotrophy unit cell.

Comparative example 7:

Essentially identical with 3 step of embodiment, difference is that cabinet-wood pretreatment is discarded in step (1), Mixed Microbes of fermenting In only containing viable count be 1.13 hundred million CFU/mL bacillus.

Comparative example 8:

Essentially identical with 3 step of embodiment, difference is that cabinet-wood pretreatment is discarded in step (1), Mixed Microbes of fermenting In only containing viable count be 0.98 hundred million CFU/mL Penicillium notatum.

Test 1:

The detection of lead element ingredient, the knot of detection are carried out to the waste wood that embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-8 are prepared Fruit is as follows:

Table 1

It is seen by upper table 1, the removal rate using the lead element of only a few scheme treated the waste wood of the application reaches 80% or more；It is mutual using acidification, basic treatment and microbiological treatment collective effect in terms of embodiment 3 and comparative example 1-4 Synergistic effect, if only single use removal rate is without so significant, 1 removal rate of comparative example is almost unchanged, comparative example 2 removes Rate, which reaches 67.7%, comparative example, 3 removal rate and reaches 67.4%, comparative example, 4 removal rate, reaches 64.8%, uses in comparative example 4 Microbiological treatment but blackstrap are not handled reasonably, so that removal rate effect is also not so obvious, from comparison Example 5 is seen, microbiological treatment is not added with, and removal rate reaches 61.9%, this illustrates three factors to the shadow of removal lead element effect Sound is ordered as microbiological treatment > basic treatment > acidification；In terms of from the removal rate of comparative example 5-8 and the present embodiment, using three Kind strain collective effect carries out microbiological treatment, and effect can be more preferable, and 6 removal rate of comparative example reaches 65.8%, comparative example, 7 removal rate Reach 65.7%, comparative example, 8 removal rate and reach 67%, illustrates more aobvious to the influential effect of lead element in microbiological treatment It writes.Plank clast first carries out to after acidification then biological treatment can have been removed effectively carrying out basic treatment in the application The content of noxious material lead element；Acidification can soften lead composition, will be disengaged from plank clast, then use pulverized limestone, encounter acetic acid Start generate heat and with acetic acid neutralize, and by the lead element released wrap up, under conditions of heat lead element more towards It is adsorbed on lime, then will salvage on the plank clast to get up and also speckle with some lime, repeatedly rinsed out using clear water, then Molasses and plank clast are mixed, molasses have preferably viscosity through excess temperatureization, can possess when stirring with plank clast certain Thickness enable molasses be slowly absorbed into due to by pulverized limestone heat calcination when plank clast have it is porous Surface, the fermentation Mixed Microbes added so more uniform can be distributed growth on plank clast, and being capable of minimum distance Plank chip surface grow, can further remove absorption lead element, effectively reduce toxic on plank clast Lead element content filters out after fermentation Mixed Microbes that lead content can be obtained is up to standard until after the enrichment intracellular of fermentation Mixed Microbes Waste wood enables waste wood to discharge nutritious substance in subsequent fermentation, has reached bazardous waste ring The purpose of Poly, and the road of recycling that have opened one new.

Test 2: the nutritional ingredient of cultivation matrix is verified:

Control group 1: identical as the raw material of embodiment 3, difference is fresh corn stalk, durian shell, goat excrement, Gao Mei Phosphorus tailing does not carry out the additional pre-treatment of embodiment 3, and using putting into helical feed after directly mixing with other raw materials In machine.

Control group 2: identical as the raw material of embodiment 3, difference is that fresh corn stalk, durian shell do not carry out embodiment 3 additional pre-treatment, and put into screw conveyor using after directly being mixed with other raw materials.

Control group 3: identical as the raw material of embodiment 3, difference is the additional pre- place that goat excrement does not carry out embodiment 3 Reason, and put into screw conveyor using after directly being mixed with other raw materials.

Control group 4: identical as the raw material of embodiment 3, difference is that High-Mg phosphate tailings do not carry out the additional pre- of embodiment 3 Processing, and put into screw conveyor using after directly being mixed with other raw materials.

Control group 5: essentially identical with the cultivation matrix raw material of embodiment 3, difference is not add garlic juice, do not add osmanthus Skin soak.

Control group 6: essentially identical with the cultivation matrix raw material of embodiment 3, difference is not add cassia bark soak.

Control group 7: essentially identical with the cultivation matrix raw material of embodiment 3, difference is not add garlic juice.

The detection of nutrient content is carried out to the cultivation matrix that embodiment 1-3 and control group 1-5 are prepared -- use routine side Method analysis, testing result are as follows:

Table 2

Inorganic total feeding/%

Organic matter/%

Amino acid/mg/kg

Rapid available phosphorus/mg/kg

Available potassium/mg/kg

Conductivity/ms/cm

Embodiment 1

33.54±0.15

17.86±0.12

2.95±0.16

31.54±0.14

89.64±1.22

0.13±0.01

Embodiment 2

40.21±0.17

18.11±0.11

4.24±0.18

32.65±0.15

90.13±1.26

0.14±0.01

Embodiment 3

42.57±0.16

18.83±014

5.01±0.16

34.08±0.12

92.48±1.21

0.14±0.00

Contrast groups 1

21.34±0.21

8.34±0.13

1.01±0.19

22.31±0.13

52.34±1.15

0.11±0.01

Contrast groups 2

23.46±0.15

12.14±0.20

1.46±0.17

25.32±0.14

65.22±1.20

0.12±0.01

Contrast groups 3

24.58±0.20

13.02±0.18

1.52±0.18

26.21±0.12

63.12±1.31

0.11±0.00

Contrast groups 4

24.87±0.17

12.41±0.17

1.63±0.20

25.97±0.101

62.41±1.25

0.11±0.01

Contrast groups 5

39.12±0.14

17.95±0.20

4.13±0.18

32.24±0.11

91.03±1.27

0.13±0.01

It is seen by upper table, effective magnesium component content difference is little；It is seen on organic matter in the processing step of contrast groups 1-4 and lacks it Link in as soon as, will affect the release of nutritional ingredient, influences fertility.Relatively see do not have substantially compared with Example 2 from contrast groups 5 Have an impact the component content of cultivation matrix, therefore sees that the garlic juice of addition and cassia bark soak are not easy to be decomposed, and is to maintain Original configuration state and play disease-resistant effect.In the application in each raw material rich in have a large amount of organic matter, inorganic matter, But utilization can not be effectively obtained, and there are the problem of each raw material it is single be only build heap fermentation, organic matter, The burst size of inorganic matter is not high, and utilization rate is not high, and in order to solve the problems, such as that this is big, the applicant has found after experimental study, After fresh corn stalk, the broken addition cellulase pre fermentation of durian shell, cell wall is greatly destroyed, during the fermentation Beneficial microorganism can be more advantageous to and decompose its organic matter, to achieve the purpose that improve burst size, and goat excrement With stench, containing substances such as hydrogen sulfide, the staff for often carrying out processing fermentation needs building heap processing and observation situation When wear several layers of mask house incoming call foul smell, applicants have discovered that not only can by the anaerobic expanded explosion treatment of high pressure Deodorization, and increase the gap between goat excrement organic matter, the activation bacterium of fermentation can more rapidly sufficient decomposing organic matter element, And the harmful microorganism flora contained in goat excrement can be eliminated, it prevents from forming conflict with activation bacterium, influences course of fermentation；Kind Plant mango lack phosphorus can it is serious influence mango growth so that mango limb is very thin, leaf nutrition is bad, photosynthesis by Resistance, yield degradation, mango lack magnesium elements, and magnesium is other than being the constituent of chlorophyll, and to plant, there are also many function Effect.Magnesium is the activator of hundreds of enzyme, also participates in the composition of some enzymes, promotes the intracorporal metabolism of crop.Magnesium can improve work The disease resistance of object prevents the intrusion of germ.Magnesium can promote vitamin A in crop body, ascorbic formation, improve yield While, the quality of crop is also improved, therefore a large amount of P elements are rich in the High-Mg phosphate tailings added, but P elements cannot It is directly utilized, all exists with certain compound, sequestering properties, powder after the applicant preheats after crushing High-Mg phosphate tailings Periphery has electronics and energy, can be swapped with the structure in High-Mg phosphate tailings by the hydroxyl in organic acid so that high magnesium It is converted into active portion phosphoric acid between P elements-calcium constituent in phosphorus tailing, the activity of P elements, Suo Youyuan can be greatly improved A large amount of organic matter, inorganic matter have been rich in material, nutritional need needed for capable of adequately meeting Growth of Mango, and can lead to The mode of overactivation activates the raw material of fermented pretreatment, can be improved the activity of fermentation fertilizer, and EM bacterium after the two superposition By having preferably activity after activation, the effect of decomposition can be given full play to during the fermentation；In conclusion the application Raw material can complement each other, and synergistic effect can have more preferable active fertilizer efficiency after fermentation process.

Test 3:

The fertilizer embodiment 1-3 of the application being prepared is subjected to greenhouse test, examination on Tiandong County mango farm The cultivation matrix tested is respectively embodiment 1-3 and control group 5,6,7, sows 30 seeds respectively, seed quality is identical, operation side Method is identical as embodiment 1-3, is that single use seedling-raising cup carries out seeding and seedling raising, until emergence observation cultivation matrix is to mango Disease incidence state, the major branch of seedling dry diameter when measurement is emerged, specifically see the table below:

Table 3

	Diseased plant rate/%	Diameter/cm	Outplanting rate/%
				Embodiment 1	0	1.5±0.2	100
Embodiment 2	0	1.5±0.2	100
				Embodiment 3	0	1.7±0.1	100
Control group 5	2.3	1.4±0.2	100
				Control group 6	1.6	1.4±0.2	100
Control group 7	1.2	1.5±0.2	100

As seen from the above table, strong using the cultivation matrix disease resistance of the application, and whether add garlic juice, cassia bark immersion Liquid will not hinder seedling to absorb nutriment, so that the diameter difference with insignificance of the seedling of emergence.

The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously Limitation of the scope of the invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, Without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention It encloses.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate, it is characterised in that: specific step is as follows:

(1) seed treatment: the mango seed of health is cleaned, is subsequently placed into the basin for fill with water and chooses seeds, remove the kind swum Qualified seed is placed on and dries in the environment of drying, ventilation, after seed hull surface dry, peels off by son Seed is taken out, more clever bacterium solutions that seed is immersed in 300-400 times of dilution carry out sterilization processing, for use；

(2) seedling matrix prepares:

1) raw material weighs: weigh following raw material according to parts by weight: 30-50 parts of waste wood, 30-40 parts of fresh corn stalk, 40-60 parts of goat excrement, 20-30 parts of High-Mg phosphate tailings, 20-40 parts of vinasse, 20-40 parts of filter mud, 10-15 parts of soybean residue, durian 30-50 parts of shell, 8-10 parts of EM bacterium, 3-8 parts of cellulase, 5-10 parts of garlic juice, 5-10 parts of cassia bark soak, middle sand 300-500 Part, ammonium nitrate 10-20 parts by weight, zinc sulfate 5-15 parts by weight, potassium sulfate 10-20 parts by weight, sodium metasilicate 10-15 parts by weight；

3) warm water, is added in EM bacterium, the ratio of EM bacterium and warm water is 1g:200ml, be subsequently added into mango polysaccharide, mango polysaccharide with The weight ratio of EM bacterium is 1:3；

4) goat excrement, is put into process tank the progress anaerobic expanded explosion of high pressure, the time of pressure 50-80MPa, explosion is 20-30S after explosion, continues to be placed in process tank Anaerobic Treatment 20-30 minutes；

5), High-Mg phosphate tailings are carried out being crushed 10 meshes and obtain High-Mg phosphate tailings powder, then carry out being preheated to 40-45 DEG C, Then organic acid is added and carries out grinding 20-30S, the weight ratio of organic acid and High-Mg phosphate tailings powder is 1:2-3；It is described organic It according to weight ratio is that 1:2-5:1-2 is obtained by mixing that acid, which is lactic acid, oxalic acid, tartaric acid,；

6) it, discards cabinet-wood pretreatment: the superficial white of recycling or the waste and old wood furniture of yellow is subjected to extexine cutting, 1-1.5cm behind the surface layer of cutting obtains surface layer plank, and plank clast is broken to after 1cm and obtains plank clast, according to 1 kilogram Plank clast is added 2 kilograms of acetic acid of the ratio that mass concentration is 15-25% and impregnates in processing pond 6-7 hours, is then sprinkled into Pulverized limestone, the additional amount of pulverized limestone account for the 0.02 of plank clast and acetic acid gross mass, and the adding manner of pulverized limestone is while stirring It is slowly added into processing pond, adds pulverized limestone and keep and stir 20-30 minutes, then salvage plank clast, use clear water The outer surface of plank clast is rinsed well, it is 20-30% that plank clast, which is then kept moisture content, and discarded molasses are added, give up The additional amount for abandoning molasses is the 1/2 of plank clast total weight, after mixing, and fermentation Mixed Microbes, the fermentation mixing of addition is added The amount of bacterium is the 0.02% of plank clast total weight, and heap is built after being followed by stirring for uniformly and is fermented 15-25 days, it is mixed then to filter out fermentation Waste wood can be obtained in combined bacteria；

7), by step 1) -6) treated, and raw material takes out, entering for screw conveyor is put into after mixing with vinasse, filter mud, soybean residue Mouthful, screw conveyor launches mixture from screw conveyor outlet, into fermentation vat, the lid of fermentation vat is covered, on lid It is reserved with venthole, guarantees have oxygen to be passed through in fermentation vat, after fermentation 30-40 days, fermentation material can be obtained；

8) fermentation material for obtaining upper step and ammonium nitrate, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium metasilicate, garlic juice, cassia bark soak, in Sand is added in seedling-raising cup after mixing, and charge weight accounts for the 4/5 of seedling-raising cup volume；

(3) sow: by treated in step (1), seed is sowed in seedling-raising cup, and a seed is sowed in each seedling-raising cup, It by the downward program request of hilum in seedling medium, in 1-2 centimetres of outer layer earthing, sprinkles profoundly water, it is big that seedling-raising cup is placed on greenhouse Nursery is carried out in canopy；

(4) it cultivates: until before seed seedling grows seedling, once at interval of watering in 3-5 days, and keeping the sunlight irradiance to be The lux 1000-1200；It is long to 5-10 centimetres to seedling, start to carry out processing of filling the gaps with seedlings to the seedling-raising cup that do not emerge, then adjust Intensity of illumination is the lux 1500-2000, until mango seedling, which can be obtained, after long to 15-20 centimetres of seedling can remove temperature Room greenhouse；

(4) it transplants: the blade of mango seedling is cut off 1/3, will directly be had after then removing the lamination of seedling-raising cup outer layer Then the mango seedling definite value of brown paper is earthed up in the planting pit on hillside, pour root water；Planting pit length and width are each 0.3 meter, 0.5 meter deep, the bottom of each kind of plant hole applies base fertilizer, and the base fertilizer is 0.5-1.5 kilograms of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer 1.0-1.5 Kilogram, 1.0-1.5 kilograms of potash fertilizer, 0.3-0.4 kilograms of trace element fertilizer, by planting seedlings in cave, later routinely field manage Reason reinforces water and fertilizer management and disease, worm, grass prevention and treatment.

2. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The volume of seedling-raising cup is 4-6 cubic centimetres.

3. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The cup body of seedling-raising cup is made of inner layer kraft, outer layer lamination；And seedling-raising cup upper rim of a cup, lower cup mouth perforation it is bottomless.

4. a kind of preparation method for improving the active dedicated fertilizer of mango as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the spiral shell Revolving the screw pitch ratio of the screw pitch of the helical blade of front half section and the helical blade of second half section in conveyer is 3:1.

5. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described Vinasse are that He Prefecture China Resources group prepares the vinasse generated after Snowflake Beer, neutral detergent fiber 36.08%, acidic cleaning in vinasse Fiber 22.33%, lignin 2.96%, soluble protein 5.12%, crude fibre 11.39%.

6. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described The temperature of warm water is 38-42 DEG C.

7. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described C1 enzyme, Cx enzyme and β glucosidase accounting are 15:4:1 in cellulase, and enzyme activity is 9000-10000 unit/mL.

8. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step It is rapid 5) in, discard molasses and be added as before raw material, first pass through and be preheated to 40 DEG C.

9. a kind of cultural method for improving mango seedling and going out transplantation of seedlings rate as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step It is rapid 5) in, the fermentation Mixed Microbes are 1.12-1.68 hundred million CFU/mL, bacillus by the viable count of germ oligotrophy unit cell Viable count is hundred million CFU/mL of 1.13-1.65, the viable count of Penicillium notatum be hundred million CFU/mL of 0.98-1.24 according to volume ratio is 1mL: 5mL:7mL is obtained by mixing.