CN109155792B - 更新以内容为中心的网络中的传输栈 - Google Patents

更新以内容为中心的网络中的传输栈 Download PDF

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CN109155792B
CN109155792B CN201780029356.XA CN201780029356A CN109155792B CN 109155792 B CN109155792 B CN 109155792B CN 201780029356 A CN201780029356 A CN 201780029356A CN 109155792 B CN109155792 B CN 109155792B
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凯文·C·福克斯
格伦·C·斯科特
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
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    • H04L41/0816—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being an adaptation, e.g. in response to network events
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    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
    • H04L41/08—Configuration management of networks or network elements
    • H04L41/0803—Configuration setting
    • H04L41/0813—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings
    • H04L41/082—Configuration setting characterised by the conditions triggering a change of settings the condition being updates or upgrades of network functionality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/1066—Session management
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    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/65—Network streaming protocols, e.g. real-time transport protocol [RTP] or real-time control protocol [RTCP]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
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Abstract

一个实施例提供了一种促进更新计算机系统的传输栈的组件的传输栈更新系统。在操作期间，所述系统响应于接收到暂停消息而由所述传输栈的组件将所述组件的状态设置为静默的。处于所述静默状态的组件被阻止处理兴趣或内容对象。所述系统确定所述暂停消息是否触发拒绝，并且在确定了没有触发拒绝的情况下，沿着所述传输栈向上传递所述暂停消息的确认消息。所述确认消息指示所述暂停消息已被所述传输栈的相应的组件成功地处理。

Description

更新以内容为中心的网络中的传输栈
相关申请
本申请的主题涉及以下申请中的主题：
由发明人Ignacio Solis于2013年3月20日提交的标题为“ORDERED-ELEMENTNAMING FOR NAME-BASED PACKET FORWARDING”的美国专利申请No.13/847,814(在下文中为“美国专利申请No.13/847,814”)；
由发明人Van L.Jacobson和Diana K.Smetters于2008年12月18日提交的标题为“CONTROLLING THE SPREAD OF INTERESTS AND CONTENT IN A CONTENT CENTRICNETWORK”的美国专利申请No.12/338,175(在下文中为“US专利申请No.12/338,175”)；以及
由发明人Ignacio Solis和Glenn C.Scott于2015年1月12日提交的标题为“AUTO-CONFIGURABLE TRANSPORT STACK”的美国专利申请No.14/595,060(在下文中为“美国专利申请No.14/595,060”)；
其公开内容通过引用整体地并入本文。
技术领域
本公开一般地涉及传输框架。更具体地，本公开涉及用于促进在相同或不同栈的组件之间以层不可知方式传送命令消息的方法和系统。
背景技术
互联网和电子商务的激增继续创建大量的数字内容。以内容为中心的网络(CCN)架构已被设计来促进访问并处理这样的数字内容。CCN包括实体或节点，诸如网络客户端、转发器(例如，路由器)和内容产生器，它们通过发送针对各种内容项的“兴趣”分组并且作为回报接收“内容对象”分组来彼此通信。CCN兴趣和内容对象通过其唯一名称来标识，所述唯一名称通常是分层结构化可变长度标识符(HSVLI)。HSVLI可以包括从最一般级别到最具体级别排序的连续名称组件。
CCN节点实现传输栈，所述传输栈包括向彼此转发消息的独立组件的层。栈中的组件也被称为模块。栈在CCN节点被启动时被组装和初始化。栈实现CCN协议并集成外部服务，诸如高速缓存、身份、密钥和证书服务。栈还促进控制消息以协调操作。节点使用栈来转发具有兴趣和内容对象的消息。
栈的每个组件可以在任一方向上处理消息。这可以改变节点的系统状态或者修改消息内容。此外，组件可以对消息排队或者生成新消息。此外，节点可以修改传输栈(例如，可以插入新组件或者去除现有组件)。这样的修改可能要求组件之间的协调。为了避免通过组件的重复或干扰操作，组件的配置、控制和管理可能要求在实现并激活新状态或者改变其配置所必需的一段时间内保证已知状态的能力。
发明内容
在独立权利要求中阐述本发明的各方面并且在从属权利要求中阐述优选的特征。一个方面的特征可以被单独或者与其他方面相结合地应用于每个方面。
一个实施例提供了一种促进更新计算机系统的传输栈的组件的传输栈更新系统。在操作期间，所述系统由所述传输栈的组件响应于接收到暂停消息而将所述组件的状态设置为静默状态。处于所述静默状态的组件被阻止处理兴趣或内容对象。所述系统确定所述暂停消息是否触发拒绝，沿着所述传输栈向上传递所述暂停消息的确认消息。所述确认消息指示所述暂停消息已被所述传输栈的相应的组件成功地处理。
在关于该实施例的变型中，所述组件是所述传输栈的最终组件。所述系统然后响应于接收到所述暂停消息而生成所述确认消息。
在关于此实施例的变型中，所述系统接收更新消息，并且作为响应，基于所述更新消息的内容更新所述组件。
在关于该实施例的变型中，所述系统响应于确定所述暂停消息触发拒绝而沿着所述传输栈向上发送更新失败消息。
在另一个变型中，拒绝原因包括以下各项中的一个或多个：栈组件检测到超时事件、处理回流或者识别相互依赖的消息。
在关于该实施例的变型中，所述系统响应于接收到恢复消息而将所述组件的状态设置为活动的。处于所述活动状态的组件恢复处理兴趣或内容对象。
在关于该实施例的变型中，所述暂停消息是兴趣消息。所述系统然后将控制转移到管理员代理以便更新所述组件。
在关于该实施例的变型中，用于所述传输栈的组件的名称基于以下各项中的一个或多个：分层结构化可变长度标识符(HSVLI)，其包括从最一般级别到最具体级别排序的连续名称组件，其中，所述HSVLI适用于与所述栈相对应的入口实例中；不指示任何层级的扁平名称；所述栈的组件的角色；以及特定于所述栈的组件的唯一标识符。
在本文中还描述了对应的方法和包括网络节点的设备，还描述了编码在有形介质上以用于实现这些方法的计算机程序、计算机程序产品、计算机可读介质和逻辑。
附图说明
图1A示出了根据本发明的实施例的促进基于静默更新传输栈的示例性以内容为中心的网络(CCN)。
图1B示出了根据本发明的实施例的CCN节点的示例性传输栈。
图2A示出了根据本发明的实施例的启动传输栈的静默的示例性通信。
图2B示出了根据本发明的实施例的更新传输栈的示例性通信。
图2C示出了根据本发明的实施例的基于控制共享更新传输栈的示例性通信。
图2D示出了根据本发明的实施例的传输栈的不成功静默的示例性通信。
图3呈现了示出根据本发明的实施例的用于静默并更新传输栈的方法的流程图。
图4A呈现了示出根据本发明的实施例的用于静默并更新传输栈的模块的方法的流程图。
图4B呈现了示出了根据本发明的实施例的用于静默并更新传输栈的最终栈组件的方法的流程图。
图5示出了根据本发明的实施例的促进基于静默更新传输栈的示例性设备。
图6示出了根据本发明的实施例的促进基于静默更新传输栈的示例性计算机系统。
在附图中，相似的附图标记指代相同的附图元素。
具体实施方式
以下描述被呈现来使得本领域的任何技术人员能够做出并使用实施例，并且是在特定应用及其要求的背景下提供的。对所公开的实施例的各种修改对于本领域的技术人员而言将是容易地显而易见的，并且在不脱离本公开的精神和范围的情况下，可以将本文所限定的一般原理应用于其他实施例和应用。因此，本发明不限于所示出的实施例，而是将符合与本文所公开的原理和特征一致的最宽范围。
概要
本发明的实施例通过在更新过程期间使栈组件静默来解决高效地更新CCN节点的栈模块的问题。以这种方式，可以在栈被允许继续常规操作之前在不中断的情况下执行更新所需要的操作。节点提供可以被组合到完成通信功能性的传输“栈”中的一组网络组件。
传输栈内的每个组件执行具体功能，并且一些组件可以实现比相同组件的其他版本更具体或更通用的功能性。一些组件可以在加载时取限定其行为的参数，并且可以基于一些组件从本地应用或者通过网络从装置接收的参数来在运行时配置这些组件。例如，一些组件可以随着时间的推移而适应变化的操作环境条件或网络条件。传输栈提供用于要在组件之间发送的配置消息和信息的方式，从而允许栈内的组件彼此通信。
在一些实施例中，CCN节点的管理员代理可以更新栈的组件(例如，添加新组件或者更新现有组件)。为了确保一致性，代理沿着栈向下发送暂停消息。组件接收该暂停消息并刷新本地缓冲器(例如，清空与组件相关联的消息缓冲器)。组件停止对消息(例如，兴趣和内容对象)的进一步处理，将本地状态设置为“静默的”，并且沿着栈向下将暂停消息传递到下一个组件。
当暂停消息到达栈的最终组件(其通常是转发器适配器)时，最终组件刷新本地缓冲器并将本地状态设置为静默的。最终组件然后生成确认消息并且沿着栈向上发送该确认消息。相应的组件沿着栈向上传递确认消息。代理接收确认消息并确定栈已被成功地静默。代理然后沿着栈向下传递更新消息并更新组件。当组件被更新时，代理沿着栈向下传递恢复消息，从而指示相应的组件恢复操作。
在一些实施例中，传输栈在CCN架构下操作。在CCN中，每条内容被单独地命名，并且每条数据被绑定到唯一名称，所述唯一名称区分该数据和任一条其他数据，诸如相同数据的其他版本或来自其他源的数据。该唯一名称允许网络装置通过散播指示唯一名称的请求或兴趣来请求数据，并且可以独立于数据的存储位置、网络位置、应用和传输方式而获得数据。以下术语用于描述CCN架构：
内容对象(或“内容对象”)：单条命名的数据，其被绑定到唯一名称。内容对象是“持久的”，这意味着内容对象可以在计算装置内或者跨越不同的计算装置四处移动，但是不会改变。如果内容对象的任何组件改变，则做出了改变的实体创建包含经更新的内容的新的内容对象，并且将该新的内容对象绑定到新的唯一名称。
唯一名称：CCN中的名称通常是位置无关的并且唯一地标识内容对象。数据转发装置可以使用名称或名称前缀来向生成或存储内容对象的网络节点转发分组，而不管用于内容对象的网络地址或物理位置如何。在一些实施例中，名称可以是分层结构化可变长度标识符(HSVLI)。可以将HSVLI划分成若干分层组件，其可以以各种方式来构造。例如，可以左对齐的前缀主要方式构造单独的名称组件pare、home、ccn和test.txt以形成名称“/parc/home/ccn/test.txt”。因此，名称“/parc/home/ccn”可以是“/parc/home/ccn/test.txt”的“上代”或“前缀”。附加组件可以用于区分内容项的不同版本，诸如协作式文件。
在一些实施例中，名称可以包括标识符，诸如从内容对象的数据(例如，校验和值)中和/或从内容对象的名称的元素中导出的散列值。在美国专利申请No.13/847,814中描述了对基于散列的名称的说明，该申请通过引用并入本文。名称也可以是扁平标签。在下文中，“名称”用于指代用于名称-数据网络中的一条数据的任何名称，诸如分层名称或名称前缀、扁平名称、固定长度名称、任意长度名称或标签(例如，多协议标签交换(MPLS)标签)。
兴趣(或“兴趣”)：指示对一条数据的请求并且包括用于该条数据的名称(或名称前缀)的分组。数据消费者可跨越以信息为中心的网络散播请求或兴趣，CCN/NDN路由器可向存储装置(例如，高速缓存服务器)或可提供所请求的数据以满足请求或兴趣的数据生成器传播所述请求或兴趣。
此外，“lci”和“ccnx”指代标记内容信息并且指示名称分段承载标签的通用资源指示符(URI)兼容标识符。诸如CCN的网络协议可以通过将具体标签应用于URI的每个名称分段来使用标记内容信息。在分层结构化名称中，标记内容名称为每个分段指派语义类型或标签。例如，一种类型的名称分段可以包括名称分段，其是包括任意八位位组的通用名称分段，这许CCN对于消息使用二进制线上表示。
本文所公开的方法不限于CCN网络并且也适用于其他架构。在美国专利申请No.5,199,480中描述了CCN架构的描述，该申请通过引用并入本文。
示例性网络和通信
图1A示出了根据本发明的实施例的促进基于静默更新传输栈的示例性以内容为中心的网络(CCN)。可以是CCN的网络100可以包括客户端装置116、内容产生装置118以及节点102、104、106、108、110、112和114处的路由器或其他转发装置。节点可以是计算机系统、表示用户的端点和/或可生成兴趣或者发起内容对象的装置。假设节点102和104分别具有传输栈130和170。在CCN节点中，常常基于来自管理员代理的指令配置传输栈。传输栈130和170通常在运行时通过显式管理命令来进行修改。
为了更新栈130，节点102通常使栈130静默，使得可以在栈130被允许继续常规操作之前在不中断的情况下执行与更新相关联的操作。类似地，节点104通常使栈170静默以更新栈170。节点102可以使整个栈(例如，栈130的每个组件)和所有消息传输静默，或者仅使具体消息或与具体规则集匹配的消息静默。
在一些实施例中，节点102沿着栈130向下传递暂停消息。该暂停消息可以是对每个栈组件识别并处理的名称的兴趣。在接收到暂停消息时，栈130的相应的组件刷新其缓冲器并暂停其操作。当节点102完成更新栈130的一个或多个组件时，节点102经由栈130发送恢复消息。此恢复消息可以是与名称相关联的内容对象。在接收到恢复消息时，栈130的相应的组件恢复其操作。以这种方式，可以在栈130被允许继续常规操作之前在不中断的情况下执行更新栈130所需要的操作。
图1B示出了根据本发明的实施例的CCN节点的示例性传输栈。在该示例中，节点102可以包括管理员代理152，其经由入口120与传输栈130进行通信。传输栈130可以包括栈组件134.1-134.n。节点102还可以包括转发器140(例如，网络接口卡或局域网中的路由器)，其可以在栈130(和单独的栈组件)与网络100之间转移分组。类似地，节点104可以包括管理员代理154，其经由入口160与传输栈170进行通信。传输栈170可以包括栈组件174.1-174.p。节点104还可以包括转发器180，其可以在栈170(和单独的栈组件)与网络100之间转移分组。转发器140和180还可以促进分别在单独的栈组件134.1-134n与174.1-174.p之间直接地转移分组。
管理员代理152可以为栈130发出暂停消息。在一些实施例中，栈130的头部(例如，栈组件134.1，其通常是应用程序接口(API)适配器)也可以发出暂停消息。在接收到消息时，每个组件刷新其当前缓冲器，使本地操作静默，并且经由栈130转发该消息。在一些实施例中，栈130的最终组件(其是栈组件134.n)可以沿着栈130向上发送确认。代理152可以为相应的栈组件指定暂停消息的使用期(例如，超时时段)。如果表示使用期的定时器在接收到确认之前期满，则栈组件检测到超时事件，确定暂停操作已失败，并且恢复常规操作。因为确认未沿着栈130向上传递，所以超时事件经由栈130传播到代理152，从而恢复相应的栈组件的操作。
另一方面，如果栈组件在使用期内接收到确认，则栈组件沿着栈130向上传递确认。代理152接收确认并确定栈130已被静默。代理152然后更新栈130的一个或多个组件。当更新操作完成时，代理152(或栈130的头部)沿着栈130向下发送恢复消息。在接收到消息时，相应的组件重新开始常规操作。在一些实施例中，栈组件134.n可以沿着栈130向上发送与名称栈130相关联的暂停内容对象。当栈组件接收到内容对象时，组件恢复其常规操作并且沿着栈130向上传递该内容对象。
在一些实施例中，暂停消息被仅应用于具体命名空间。具有该命名空间中的名称的任何兴趣或内容对象在栈130处被刷新并且被阻止在栈130处被处理。然而，基于栈130的常规操作来处理具有该命名空间之外的名称的任何兴趣或内容对象。在一些实施例中，栈组件可以拒绝暂停消息并且以带有可选的拒绝原因的暂停失败消息响应。拒绝原因包括但不限于栈组件检测到超时事件、处理回流或者标识相互依赖的消息。
传输栈的示例性静默
图2A示出了根据本发明的实施例的启动传输栈的静默的示例性通信。在该示例中，管理员代理210使用API 212来与入口220进行通信，所述入口220与传输栈230交互。在图2A中，传输栈230包括栈组件232-238。API适配器232可以与传输栈230的一个或多个传输组件进行通信。流控制器234可以对业务进行整形和管理，流水线处理并发送兴趣，并且对内容对象排序。验证器/签名器236可以对去往网络元件的内容对象进行编码和签名，对去往相关应用的内容对象进行解码和验证，对去往网络元件的兴趣进行编码，并且对去往相关应用的兴趣进行解码。
转发器适配器238(其通常是栈230的最终组件)可以与转发器240进行通信。转发器240可以通过CCN与其他转发器进行通信。其他栈组件(未示出)可以包括与安全(例如，加密、解密、认证、数据签名、签名验证、信任评估和过滤)、数据处理(例如，编码、解码、封装、解封装、转码、压缩、提取和解压缩)和存储(例如，数据存储、来自存储装置的数据检索、删除重复、分段和版本化)有关的功能性。
在一些实施例中，管理员代理210可以更新栈230的组件(例如，添加新组件或者更新现有组件)。为了确保一致性，代理210沿着栈230向下发送暂停消息252。栈230的相应的组件接收暂停消息252并刷新其本地缓冲器(若有的话)。一些组件可以仅仅接收并处理消息(例如，兴趣或内容对象)，然而其他组件可以缓冲消息。假设流控制器234将消息存储在缓冲器235中。在接收到暂停消息252时，流控制器234刷新缓冲器235(例如，丢弃存储在缓冲器235中的消息)。在接收到暂停消息252时，相应的组件停止对消息的进一步处理，将本地状态设置为“静默的”，并且沿着栈230向下将暂停消息252传递到下一个组件。
当暂停消息到达栈230的最终组件(其是转发器适配器238)时，转发器适配器238也刷新本地缓冲器(若有的话)，并且将本地状态设置为静默。转发器适配器238然后生成暂停确认消息254并且沿着栈230向上发送确认消息254。相应的组件在定时器没有由于暂停消息252而期满的情况下接收确认消息254，并且组件沿着栈230向上传递确认消息254。代理210接收确认消息254并且确定栈230已被成功地静默。
图2B示出了根据本发明的实施例的更新传输栈的示例性通信。在该示例中，在接收到确认消息时，代理210确定栈230已被成功地静默。代理210然后传递包括针对栈组件的更新的更新消息。假设代理210正在更新验证器/签名器236的验证协议。代理210然后生成包括经更新的验证协议的更新消息262并且沿着栈230向下传递更新消息262。验证器/签名器236从栈230的上部组件接收更新消息262，从更新消息262获得经更新的验证协议，并且更新验证器/签名器236。
在一些实施例中，验证器/签名器236生成更新确认消息264并且沿着栈230向上发送确认消息264。相应的组件沿着栈230向上传递确认消息264。代理210接收确认消息264并且确定验证器/签名器236已被成功地更新。代理210然后生成恢复消息266并且沿着栈230向下传递恢复消息266，从而指示相应的组件恢复操作。在接收到恢复消息266时，相应的组件恢复消息的处理，将本地状态设置为“活动的”，并且沿着栈230向下将恢复消息266传递到下一个组件。当恢复消息266到达转发器适配器238时，转发器适配器238恢复消息的处理并且将本地状态设置为“活动的”。
图2C示出了根据本发明的实施例的基于控制共享更新传输栈的示例性通信。在该示例中，暂停兴趣消息272按每个组件能够识别并处理的预先商定的名称沿着传输栈230向下发送。代理210(或栈230的头部，其是API适配器232)可以生成并发送暂停兴趣消息272。在接收到暂停兴趣消息272时，栈230的相应的组件刷新其当前缓冲器，经由栈230转发暂停兴趣消息272，使本地组件静默，并且在处理或者转发任何其他消息之前等待与暂停兴趣消息272匹配的内容对象返回。
通常，转发器适配器238是用于接收暂停兴趣消息272的最终组件。当暂停兴趣消息272到达转发器适配器238时，转发器适配器238使本地组件静默并且确定转发器适配器238与API适配器232之间的相应的组件已被静默。转发器适配器238然后将控制传递给代理210。在一些实施例中，转发器适配器238经由栈230向代理210发送控制消息274(例如，进程间消息)以传递控制。
假设代理210正在更新验证器/签名器236的验证协议。代理210然后生成包括经更新的验证协议的更新消息276并且沿着栈230向下传递更新消息276。验证器/签名器236从栈230的上部组件接收更新消息276，从更新消息276获得经更新的验证协议，并且更新验证器/签名器236。
当更新过程完成时，代理210将控制传递回给转发器适配器238(例如，使用控制消息，其未在图2C中示出)。转发器适配器238构造匹配暂停内容对象278并且沿着传输栈230向上往回发送暂停内容对象278。在接收到暂停内容对象278时，相应的组件重新开始常规操作并且经由栈230向前发送暂停内容对象278。一旦暂停内容对象278到达代理210(或API适配器232)，则传输栈230恢复其常规操作。
图2D示出了根据本发明的实施例的传输栈的不成功静默的示例性通信。在一些实施例中，栈组件可以拒绝暂停消息并且以带有可选的拒绝原因的暂停失败消息作出响应。拒绝原因包括但不限于栈组件检测超时事件、处理回流或者识别相互依赖的消息。假设流控制器234未能处理暂停消息252(例如，由于相互依赖而无法刷新缓冲器235)。结果，流控制器234拒绝暂停消息252，生成包括拒绝原因的暂停失败消息280，并且经由栈230向上传递暂停失败消息280。
当暂停失败消息280到达上游栈组件(诸如API适配器232)时，栈组件确定暂停消息252已被拒绝，重新开始常规操作，并且经由栈230向前发送暂停失败消息280。在接收到暂停失败消息280时，代理210确定暂停消息252已被拒绝。代理210可以等待一段时间(例如，随机退避或预定时间)并且重新发出暂停消息252。
操作
图3呈现了示出根据本发明的实施例的用于静默并更新传输栈的方法的流程图300。在操作期间，管理员代理(或栈的头部)沿着传输栈向下发送暂停消息(操作302)并且启动用于暂停确认消息的定时器(操作304)。代理检查代理是否已检测到超时或暂停失败消息(操作306)。如果代理检测到超时或暂停失败消息，则代理等待一段时间(例如，基于随机退避或预定配置)(操作308)并且沿着传输栈向下发送另一暂停消息(操作302)。如果代理未检测到超时或暂停失败消息，则代理接收暂停确认消息(操作310)。
代理然后确定栈已被静默。代理向相应的更新组件(即，代理正在更新的组件)发送更新消息(操作312)。更新消息包括针对更新组件的更新。代理然后检查更新是否已成功(操作314)。在一些实施例中，代理在接收到针对更新消息的确认时确定更新已成功。如果代理确定更新尚未成功，则代理等待一段时间(操作308)并且沿着传输栈向下发送另一暂停消息(操作302)。如果代理确定更新已成功，则代理沿着传输栈向下发送恢复消息(操作316)
图4A呈现了示出根据本发明的实施例的用于静默并更新传输栈的模块的方法的流程图400。在操作期间，不是栈的最终组件的栈组件接收暂停消息(操作402)并且检查暂停消息是否触发拒绝(操作404)。拒绝原因包括但不限于处理回流或者识别相互依赖的消息。如果暂停消息未触发拒绝，则组件沿着传输栈向下将暂停消息传递到下一个组件(操作406)并且刷新残余的本地数据(若有的话)(操作408)
组件然后检查组件是否已接收到暂停确认消息(操作410)。如果组件未接收到暂停确认消息，则组件检查超时事件(操作412)。如果组件检测到超时事件或暂停消息触发拒绝(操作404)，则组件生成暂停失败消息并且沿着传输栈向上将暂停失败消息传送到下一个组件(操作414)。另一方面，如果组件未接收到暂停确认消息(操作410)并且未检测到超时事件(操作412)，则组件继续刷新残余的本地数据(若有的话)(操作408)。
如果组件接收到暂停确认消息(操作410)，则组件将本地状态设置为“静默的”(操作416)并且沿着传输栈向上将暂停确认消息传递到下一个组件(操作418)。如果组件是更新组件(用虚线表示)，则组件接收更新消息并且实现对本地组件的更新(操作420)。在一些实施例中，组件可以在成功地更新本地组件时沿着栈向上发送确认。组件然后接收恢复消息(操作422)并且将本地状态设置为“活动的”(操作426)。
图4B呈现了示出根据本发明的实施例的用于静默并更新传输栈的最终栈组件的方法的流程图450。在操作期间，组件接收暂停消息(操作452)并且检查暂停消息是否触发拒绝(操作454)。拒绝原因包括但不限于处理回流或者识别相互依赖的消息。如果暂停消息触发拒绝，则组件生成暂停失败消息并且沿着传输栈向上将暂停失败消息传递到下一个组件(操作468)
如果暂停消息未触发拒绝，则组件刷新残余的本地数据(若有的话)(操作456)并且将本地状态设置为“静默的”(操作458)。组件然后沿着传输栈向上将暂停确认消息传递到下一个组件(操作460)。如果组件是更新组件(用虚线表示)，则组件接收更新消息并且实现对本地组件的更新(操作462)。在一些实施例中，组件可在成功地更新本地组件时沿着栈向上发送确认。组件然后接收恢复消息(操作464)并且将本地状态设置为“活动的”(操作466)。
示例性设备和计算机系统
图5示出了根据本发明的实施例的促进基于静默更新传输栈的示例性设备。设备500可以包括多个模块，所述多个模块可以经由有线或无线通信信道彼此通信。设备500可以使用一个或多个集成电路来实现，并且可以包括比图5中示出的那些更少或更多的模块。进一步地，设备500可以被集成在计算机系统中，或者作为能够与其他计算机系统和/或装置进行通信的单独的装置被实现。具体地，设备500可以包括通信模块502、静默模块504、更新模块506和消息递送模块508。
在一些实施例中，通信模块502可以跨越计算机网络(诸如以内容为中心的网络)向其他网络节点发送数据分组/从其他网络节点接收数据分组。静默模块504可以分别基于暂停消息和恢复消息将栈组件的状态设置为“静默的”或“活动的”。静默模块504还可以生成针对暂停消息的确认。在一些实施例中，静默模块504可以刷新组件的本地缓冲器。更新模块506可以基于更新消息更新组件。消息递送模块508可以经由传输栈向组件递送消息(例如，可以沿着栈向上或向下发送消息)。
图6示出了根据本发明的实施例的促进以层不可知方式传送命令消息的示例性计算机系统602。计算机系统602包括处理器604、存储器606和存储装置608。存储器606可以包括用作托管存储器的易失性存储器(例如，RAM)，并且可以用于存储一个或多个存储器池。此外，计算机系统602可以耦合到显示装置610、键盘612和指点装置614。存储装置608可以存储操作系统616、栈更新系统618和数据632。
栈更新系统618可以包括指令，所述指令当由计算机系统602或处理器604执行时，可以使计算机系统602或处理器604执行本公开中所描述的方法和/或过程。具体地，栈更新系统618可以包括用于跨越计算机网络(诸如以内容为中心的网络)向其他网络节点发送数据分组/从其他网络节点接收数据分组的指令(通信模块620)。栈更新系统618还可包括用于分别基于暂停消息和恢复消息将栈组件的状态设置为“静默的”或“活动的”的指令(静默模块622)。栈更新系统618还可以包括用于生成针对暂停消息的确认并且刷新组件的本地缓冲器的指令(静默模块622)。
此外，栈更新系统618可以包括用于基于更新消息更新组件的指令(更新模块624)。栈更新系统618可以包括用于经由传输栈向组件递送消息的指令(例如，可以沿着栈向上或向下发送消息)(消息递送模块626)。存储装置608可以存储管理员代理630，其可以生成并发送用于传输栈的暂停消息、恢复消息和更新消息。
数据632可以包括由本公开中所描述的方法和/或过程要求作为输入的并且作为输出而生成的任何数据。具体地，数据632可以包括由相应的组件缓冲的消息。数据632还可包括计算机系统602的转发表。
在此具体实施方式中描述的数据结构和代码通常被存储在计算机可读存储介质上，所述计算机可读存储介质可以是可存储供由计算机系统使用的代码和/或数据的任何装置或介质。计算机可读存储介质包括但不限于易失性存储器、非易失性存储器、诸如磁盘驱动器、磁带、CD(紧致盘)、DVD(数字通用盘或数字视频盘)的磁和光学存储装置，或能够存储现在已知或以后开发的计算机可读介质的其他介质。
可以将在具体实施方式部分中描述的方法和过程具体实现为代码和/或数据，所述代码和/或数据可被存储在如上所述的计算机可读存储介质中。当计算机系统读取并执行存储在计算机可读存储介质上的代码和/或数据时，计算机系统执行具体实现为数据结构和代码并且存储在计算机可读存储介质内的方法和过程。
此外，可以将上述的方法和过程包括在硬件模块中。例如，硬件模块可以包括但不限于专用集成电路(ASIC)芯片、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)以及现在已知或以后开发的其他可编程逻辑器件。当硬件模块被激活时，硬件模块执行包括在硬件模块内的方法和过程。
已经出于图示和描述的目的呈现了本发明的实施例的上述描述。它们不旨在为详尽的或者将本发明限于所公开的形式。因此，许多修改和变化对于本领域的技术人员而言将是显而易见的。另外，以上公开内容不旨在限制本发明。本发明的范围由所附权利要求限定。

Claims (15)

1.一种用于以内容为中心的网络CNN的方法，包括：
在所述CNN的节点的传输栈的多个组件中的组件处执行以下操作：
从所述传输栈中的上部组件接收暂停消息，其中，所述暂停消息是对预先商定的名称的兴趣；
确定所述暂停消息是否被所述组件拒绝；
如果所述暂停消息未被拒绝，则执行以下操作：
响应于接收到所述暂停消息，将所述组件的状态设置为静默的，其中，处于所述静默状态的组件被阻止处理兴趣或内容对象；以及
沿着所述传输栈向上传递所述暂停消息的确认消息，其中，所述确认消息指示所述暂停消息已被所述传输栈的相应的组件成功地处理；
接收更新消息；
基于所述更新消息的内容更新所述组件；以及
响应于接收到恢复消息而将所述组件的状态设置为活动的，其中，处于所述活动状态的组件恢复处理兴趣或内容对象。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述组件是所述传输栈的最终组件；并且
其中，所述方法进一步包括响应于接收到所述暂停消息而生成所述确认消息。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，进一步包括响应于确定所述暂停消息触发拒绝而沿着所述传输栈向上发送更新失败消息。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，拒绝原因包括以下各项中的一个或多个：栈组件检测到超时事件、处理回流以及/或者识别相互依赖的消息。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，所述暂停消息是兴趣消息；并且
其中，所述方法进一步包括将控制转移到管理员代理以便更新所述组件。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其中，用于所述传输栈的组件的名称基于以下各项中的一个或多个：
分层结构化可变长度标识符HSVLI，其包括从最一般级别到最具体级别排序的连续名称组件，其中，所述HSVLI适用于与所述栈相对应的入口实例中；
不指示任何层级的扁平名称；
所述栈的组件的角色；以及
特定于所述栈的组件的唯一标识符。
7.一种用于更新传输栈的计算机系统，所述计算机系统包括：
处理器；以及
存储指令的存储装置，所述指令当由所述处理器执行时使所述处理器执行方法，所述方法包括：
在以内容为中心的网络CNN的节点的传输栈的多个组件中的组件处执行以下操作：
从所述传输栈中的上部组件接收暂停消息，其中，所述暂停消息是对预先商定的名称的兴趣；
确定所述暂停消息是否被所述组件拒绝；
如果所述暂停消息未被拒绝，则执行以下操作：
响应于接收到所述暂停消息，将所述组件的状态设置为静默的，其中，处于所述静默状态的组件被阻止处理兴趣或内容对象；以及
沿着所述传输栈向上传递所述暂停消息的确认消息，其中，所述确认消息指示所述暂停消息已被所述传输栈的相应的组件成功地处理；
接收更新消息；
基于所述更新消息的内容更新所述组件；以及
响应于接收到恢复消息而将所述组件的状态设置为活动的，其中，处于所述活动状态的组件恢复处理兴趣或内容对象。
8.根据权利要求7所述的计算机系统，其中，所述组件是所述传输栈的最终组件；并且
其中，所述方法进一步包括响应于接收到所述暂停消息而生成所述确认消息。
9.根据权利要求7或8所述的计算机系统，其中，所述方法进一步包括响应于确定所述暂停消息触发拒绝而沿着所述传输栈向上发送更新失败消息。
10.根据权利要求9所述的计算机系统，其中，拒绝原因包括以下各项中的一个或多个：栈组件检测到超时事件、处理回流或者识别相互依赖的消息。
11.根据权利要求7或8所述的计算机系统，其中，所述暂停消息是兴趣消息；并且
其中，所述方法进一步包括将控制转移到管理员代理以便更新所述组件。
12.根据权利要求7或8所述的计算机系统，其中，用于所述传输栈的组件的名称基于以下各项中的一个或多个：
分层结构化可变长度标识符HSVLI，其包括从最一般级别到最具体级别排序的连续名称组件，其中，所述HSVLI适用于与所述栈相对应的入口实例中；
不指示任何层级的扁平名称；
所述栈的组件的角色；以及
特定于所述栈的组件的唯一标识符。
13.一种非暂时性计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有指令，所述指令在由计算机系统执行时使所述计算机执行方法，所述方法包括：
在以内容为中心的网络CNN的节点的传输栈的多个组件中的组件处执行以下操作：
从所述传输栈中的上部组件接收暂停消息，其中，所述暂停消息是对预先商定的名称的兴趣；
确定所述暂停消息是否被所述组件拒绝；
如果所述暂停消息未被拒绝，则执行以下操作：
响应于接收到所述暂停消息，将所述组件的状态设置为静默的，其中，处于所述静默状态的组件被阻止处理兴趣或内容对象；以及
沿着所述传输栈向上传递所述暂停消息的确认消息，其中，所述确认消息指示所述暂停消息已被所述传输栈的相应的组件成功地处理；
接收更新消息；
基于所述更新消息的内容更新所述组件；以及
响应于接收到恢复消息而将所述组件的状态设置为活动的，其中，处于所述活动状态的组件恢复处理兴趣或内容对象。
14.根据权利要求13所述的非暂时性计算机可读存储介质，其中，所述组件是所述传输栈的最终组件；并且
其中，所述方法进一步包括响应于接收到所述暂停消息而生成所述确认消息。
15.根据权利要求13所述的非暂时性计算机可读存储介质，其中，所述方法进一步包括根据权利要求3-6中的任一项所述的步骤。
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