CN109094524B - 车窗玻璃刮水器以及车窗玻璃刮水器组件 - Google Patents

车窗玻璃刮水器以及车窗玻璃刮水器组件 Download PDF

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CN109094524B
CN109094524B CN201810633787.3A CN201810633787A CN109094524B CN 109094524 B CN109094524 B CN 109094524B CN 201810633787 A CN201810633787 A CN 201810633787A CN 109094524 B CN109094524 B CN 109094524B
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S·奥驰
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • B60S1/3425Constructional aspects of the arm
    • B60S1/3429Arm pieces
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • B60S1/3479Means to cover the wiper parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/043Attachment of the wiper assembly to the vehicle
    • B60S1/0433Attachement of a wiper modular assembly to the vehicle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/06Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive
    • B60S1/08Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by the drive electrically driven
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • B60S1/3413Wiper arms; Mountings therefor with means for holding the arm off the glass in an intermediate position between the working position and the fully folded back position
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • B60S1/3425Constructional aspects of the arm
    • B60S1/3445Joints between elements
    • B60S1/345Joints between elements the elements being a link piece and a mounting head
    • B60S1/3456Locks or stays for holding arms in fully folded back position
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • B60S1/3463Means to press blade onto screen
    • B60S1/3475Means to press blade onto screen with blade or leaf springs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • B60S1/3479Means to cover the wiper parts
    • B60S1/3484Means to cover the wiper parts integral with arm or link piece
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/04Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers
    • B60S1/32Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms or blades
    • B60S1/34Wiper arms; Mountings therefor
    • B60S1/3488Means for mounting wiper arms onto the vehicle
    • B60S1/349Means for mounting the wiper bearing to the vehicle body
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60SSERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S1/00Cleaning of vehicles
    • B60S1/02Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
    • B60S1/56Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices specially adapted for cleaning other parts or devices than front windows or windscreens
    • B60S1/58Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices specially adapted for cleaning other parts or devices than front windows or windscreens for rear windows
    • B60S1/583Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices specially adapted for cleaning other parts or devices than front windows or windscreens for rear windows including wiping devices

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Abstract

提供了一种用于擦拭机动车辆的车窗玻璃(12)的车窗玻璃刮水器(14),其具有可由马达驱动的驱动轴(16)和与该驱动轴(16)连接以用于使刮水片移位的刮水器杆(18),其中,该刮水器杆(18)被设计成可柔性地弯曲,其中,该刮水器杆(18)围绕垂直于该驱动轴(16)延伸的弯曲轴线的最大折叠角度(20)被限位挡块(32)限制为该刮水器杆(18)在弹性变形范围内的弯曲度。在最大折叠角度(20)下进行止挡的该限位挡块(32)可以将该刮水器杆(18)的变形可靠地保持在弹性变形范围内,从而降低车窗玻璃刮水器(14)损坏的风险。

Description

车窗玻璃刮水器以及车窗玻璃刮水器组件
技术领域
本发明涉及一种车窗玻璃刮水器,借助于该车窗玻璃刮水器可以擦拭机动车辆的车窗玻璃。
背景技术
从DE 10 2012 112 526 A1中已知一种用于擦拭机动车辆的车窗玻璃的车窗玻璃刮水器,其中刮水器杆与可由马达驱动的驱动轴相连接以用于使刮水片移位,其中,刮水器杆被设计成可柔性地弯曲,以便能够使刮水器杆弯曲远离车窗玻璃,例如以便更换刮水片。
始终需要避免车窗玻璃刮水器的损坏。
发明内容
本发明的目的是指明降低车窗玻璃刮水器的损坏风险的措施。
根据本发明,该目的通过具有权利要求1的特征的车窗玻璃刮水器来实现。本发明的优选的构型在从属权利要求和下面的说明中提出,这些构型无论单独还是组合都可以构成本发明的一个方面。
根据本发明,提供了一种用于擦拭机动车辆的车窗玻璃的车窗玻璃刮水器,其具有可由马达驱动的驱动轴和与该驱动轴连接以用于使刮水片移位的刮水器杆,其中,该刮水器杆被设计成可柔性地弯曲,其中,该刮水器杆围绕垂直于该驱动轴延伸的弯曲轴线的最大折叠角度被限位挡块限制为该刮水器杆在弹性变形范围内的弯曲度。
可弯曲的刮水器杆可以弯曲远离车窗玻璃,以便例如能够轻松地更换刮水片。同时,可能的是,刮水器杆提供预应力,借助于该预应力可以将刮水片的刮水唇压向车窗玻璃,以便在擦拭过程中实现尽可能好的擦拭结果。当用手使刮水器杆以一个折叠角度弯曲远离车窗玻璃(尤其是抵抗所提供的弹性预应力)时,原则上可能的是:由于使用不当而施加了过大的力,在该力下刮水器杆可能发生塑性变形或甚至刮水器杆折断。然而,由于刮水器杆远离车窗玻璃的塑性变形,有可能的是:所提供的预应力减小,或刮水片的刮水唇不到达或不完全到达车窗玻璃。擦拭结果由此受到影响,导致污垢和/或雨滴等无法再被车窗玻璃刮水器充分地擦拭掉。
但是,通过限位挡块提供了触觉上可感知的阻力,该阻力在达到预定的最大折叠角度时突然出现并且阻止刮水器杆进一步弯曲远离或至少使其明显更加困难。这种突然的阻力意味着不提供刮水器杆的进一步弯曲远离,从而直观地提醒使刮水器杆弯曲远离的人员不要继续弯曲刮水器杆。在此,限位挡块的止挡在刮水器杆变形而其中仅出现弹性变形、但尚未发生塑性变形时发生。由此避免了由于使用不当引起刮水器杆塑性变形所造成的车窗玻璃刮水器的损坏。在最大折叠角度下进行止挡的限位挡块能够将刮水器杆的变形可靠地保持在弹性变形范围内,从而降低车窗玻璃刮水器损坏的风险。
由于刮水器杆的弹性变形,刮水器杆的变形的部分可以止挡在限位挡块上,和/或与刮水器杆的弹性变形部分连接的限位挡块可以止挡在没有变形的部件上。限位挡块与所指派的配合挡块(限位挡块可以在最大折叠角度下止挡在该配合挡块上)的相对位置是尤其在考虑到在弯曲刮水器杆时发生的弹性变形的情况下进行尺寸设定的。如果需要,将限位挡块与所指派的配合挡块的相对位置在没有弯曲远离的基础位置(在该基础位置上刮水片被压向车窗玻璃)上以充分的可靠性进行尺寸设定:即,刮水片无法被弯曲到塑性变形的范围内。尤其,在该相对位置中也考虑位置公差和/或制造公差和/或装配公差。限位挡块相对于配合挡块的相对提升行程可以被限制为以下距离:该距离在考虑所有公差和变形的情况下将刮水器杆的变形可靠地保持在弹性变形范围内。同时,限位挡块与配合挡块的间距可以允许刮水器杆充分地弯曲偏离车窗玻璃,尤其以便更换刮水片。刮水器杆尤其由金属材料、尤其是钢制成,从而刮水器杆能够提供足够大的弹性伸长量,直到达到弹性极限Re。此外,车窗玻璃刮水器可以如在DE 10 2012112 526A1中描述的那样进行设计和改进,其内容由此被引用作为本发明的一部分。
尤其,刮水器杆以指向背离刮水片的后部区域突出于驱动轴,以形成用于限位挡块的配合挡块。刮水器杆可以与驱动轴固定连接,从而可以在刮水器杆与驱动轴固定的位置处实现夹紧。在使刮水器杆弯曲远离时的弯曲力矩由此可以被驱动轴支撑。这使得在刮水器杆的任意弹性弯曲的情况下,从刮水器杆的可弯曲远离的区域突出于驱动轴轴线的刮水器杆后部区域是保持不动的。与刮水器杆的可弯曲远离的区域处于运动联接的限位挡块由此在刮水器杆弹性变形时总是相对于刮水器杆的后部区域实施相对运动,从而该相对运动可以被用来限制刮水器杆的弹性弯曲。限位挡块由此可以在达到最大折叠角度时止挡在后部区域上并阻止进一步弯曲。在此,驱动轴的轴线在刮水器杆的后部区域与刮水器杆的其余部分之间延伸。刮水器杆不是在其端侧的端部处、而是与端侧的端部偏置地与驱动轴固定连接,从而刮水器杆可以以其后部区域在指向背离刮水片的端部处突出于驱动轴线。
优选地,用于覆盖刮水器杆的盖件与刮水器杆连接,其中,该盖件形成限位挡块。例如,盖件可以被提供用于改善刮水器杆的空气动力学特性并避免不必要高的流动阻力。此外,盖件可以改善车窗玻璃刮水器的视觉外观。盖件可以与刮水器杆处于运动联接,其方式为使得盖件跟随刮水器杆的弹性弯曲并且由此相对于固定的部件实施相对运动。当达到最大折叠角度时,这种相对运动可以用于使由盖件形成的限位挡块止挡在适当的配合挡块上。在此充分利用的是,例如通过塑料注塑成型可制造的盖件在其形状上可以比刮水器杆更自由地进行设计,从而更容易由盖件形成限位挡块。
特别优选地,盖件被固定在刮水器杆的可弹性弯曲远离的弯曲区域上。盖件由此与刮水器杆的可弯曲远离的弯曲区域处于运动联接并且可以跟随该弯曲运动。为了阻止进一步弯曲,刮水器杆不需要止挡在盖件的固定的限位挡块上。替代于此,盖件的限位挡块可以止挡在几乎任何用作配合挡块的固定部件上。这开辟了结构上的自由性,以便及时地限制刮水器杆的最大弯曲。
尤其,盖件的限位挡块被设计成可止挡在刮水器杆的不随同弯曲的区域上。刮水器杆可以与驱动轴固定连接,由此当刮水器杆弯曲远离车窗玻璃时刮水器杆的至少一部分保持不动并且不随同弯曲。由此可能的是,刮水器杆的一部分在沿着折叠角度弯曲时相对于刮水器杆的另一部分实施相对运动。在刮水器杆内的这种相对运动可以被用于为盖件的限位挡块提供在刮水器杆本身上形成的配合挡块。由此可以保持部件数量少。此外,通过多个中间连接部件可以避免不必要长的公差链。
优选地,盖件的限位挡块被设计成可止挡在驱动轴和/或底座上。驱动轴和底座(该底座尤其是由车窗玻璃和/或机动车辆车身的围绕车窗玻璃的框架部分形成)构成不动的部件,通过使刮水器杆与盖件一起弯曲可以相对于该不动的部件发生相对运动。用于限位挡块的配合挡块可以由此容易地由驱动轴和/或底座形成。优选地,驱动轴和/或底座的配合挡块可以是备用挡块,只有当尤其由刮水器杆形成的、用于盖件的限位挡块的配合挡块失灵和/或不够用时,才使用该备用挡块。除了刮水器杆上的止挡以外,通过盖件在驱动轴上和/或在底座上进行的止挡可以额外地增大阻止刮水器杆弯曲的阻力,以便可靠地避免刮水器杆的塑性变形。
特别优选地,盖件具有在刮水器杆的延长部中形成的侧盖,其中,该侧盖形成限位挡块。侧盖可以与刮水器杆的可弹性弯曲的部分最大程度地间隔开,从而侧盖由于与其相连接的杆传动而形成盖件的、在刮水器杆弯曲时相对于固定部件实施最大相对运动的那个部分。尤其,侧盖可以容易地抵接在刮水器杆的向后突出的后部区域上。
尤其地,在最大折叠角度下,刮水器杆的机械应力低于延伸极限、尤其延伸下限Re、尤其是低于Re的90%,和/或低于0.2%伸长极限Rp 0.2、尤其是低于Rp 0.2的90%。在刮水器杆的这种伸长率下,当达到最大折叠角度时可以可靠地避免塑性变形。
优选地,刮水片纵向可移动地与刮水器杆相连接,其中,在该刮水片引入力而使该刮水器杆弯曲到该刮水片与该刮水器杆的各个相对位置时,在最大折叠角下,该刮水器杆只能够弹性地变形。在此可以考虑:为了使刮水片弯曲远离,在该刮水片处可以可选地接合有在刮水器杆的纵向延伸部上突出的刮水片。由于纵向可移动性,经由刮水片引入的力可以在刮水器杆的不同的纵向位置处被引入到刮水器杆中。为了可靠地避免刮水器杆的塑性变形,针对最不利的负载情况进行适配,使得可以根据刮水片与刮水器杆的相对位置以较大或较小的可靠性避免刮水器杆的塑性变形并且可靠地避免可能使刮水器杆塑性变形的负载情况。
本发明此外涉及一种车窗玻璃刮水器组件,其具有:由机动车辆车身形成的底座,其中,该底座的至少一部分由车窗玻璃形成;以及与该底座联接的、用于擦拭车窗玻璃的车窗玻璃刮水器,该车窗玻璃刮水器可以如上所述地进行设计和改进。车窗玻璃刮水器中的在最大折叠角度下进行止挡的限位挡块可以将刮水器杆的变形可靠地保持在弹性变形范围内,从而降低车窗玻璃刮水器的损坏风险。
附图说明
下面参照附图借助优选实施例示例性地解释本发明,其中,下面所示的特征无论是单独地还是组合地都可以构成本发明的一个方面。在附图中:
图1:示出了车窗玻璃刮水器组件的示意性剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中所示的车窗玻璃刮水器组件10具有机动车辆的车窗玻璃12(尤其是后车窗玻璃),该车窗玻璃可以借助于车窗玻璃刮水器14来擦拭。车窗玻璃刮水器14具有可由马达驱动的驱动轴16,刮水器杆18与该驱动轴固定连接。借助于刮水器杆18可以尤其沿着刮水器杆18可移动地固定未示出的刮水片。刮水器杆18可以沿着折叠角度20(尤其是围绕垂直于驱动轴16延伸的弯曲轴线)弹性地弯曲远离车窗玻璃12。在未弯曲远离的状态下,刮水器杆18可以借助于预应力将刮水片压向车窗玻璃12。
借助于刮水器杆18的沿着折叠角度20可弯曲远离的弯曲区域22,经由固定器件24来固定盖件26。刮水器杆18利用后侧的、指向背离刮水片的后部区域28突出于驱动轴16,该后部区域在弯曲区域22弯曲时不随同弯曲。盖件26的侧盖30与后部区域28对置地延伸。侧盖30由此形成限位挡块32,该限位挡块在达到最大折叠角度20时可以止挡在由刮水器杆18的后部区域28的窄侧面形成的配合挡块34上,并且可以阻止进一步弯曲或者至少使其更加困难。在此,将限位挡块32与配合挡块34的间距大小设定成使得:在达到最大折叠角度20时在限位挡块32止挡在配合挡块34上的情况下可靠地避免刮水器杆18的塑性变形。

Claims (13)

1.一种用于擦拭机动车辆的车窗玻璃(12)的车窗玻璃刮水器,具有:
可由马达驱动的驱动轴(16),和
与该驱动轴(16)连接以用于使刮水片移位的刮水器杆(18),其中,该刮水器杆(18)被设计成可柔性地弯曲,
其特征在于,该刮水器杆(18)围绕垂直于该驱动轴(16)延伸的弯曲轴线的最大折叠角度(20)被限位挡块(32)限制为该刮水器杆(18)在弹性变形范围内的弯曲度,所述刮水器杆(18)以指向背离所述刮水片的后部区域(28)突出于所述驱动轴(16),以形成用于所述限位挡块(32)的配合挡块(34)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,用于覆盖所述刮水器杆(18)的盖件(26)与所述刮水器杆(18)相连接,其中,该盖件(26)形成所述限位挡块(32)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,所述盖件(26)被固定在所述刮水器杆(18)的可弹性地弯曲远离的弯曲区域(22)上。
4.一种用于擦拭机动车辆的车窗玻璃(12)的车窗玻璃刮水器,具有:可由马达驱动的驱动轴(16),和与该驱动轴(16)连接以用于使刮水片移位的刮水器杆(18),其中,该刮水器杆(18)被设计成可柔性地弯曲,用于覆盖所述刮水器杆(18)的盖件(26)与所述刮水器杆(18)相连接,其中,该刮水器杆(18)围绕垂直于该驱动轴(16)延伸的弯曲轴线的最大折叠角度(20)被形成在该盖件(26)上的限位挡块(32)限制为该刮水器杆(18)在弹性变形范围内的弯曲度,其特征在于,所述盖件(26)的限位挡块(32)被设计成可止挡在刮水器杆(18)的不随同弯曲的区域(28)上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,所述刮水器杆(18)以指向背离所述刮水片的后部区域(28)突出于所述驱动轴(16),以形成用于所述限位挡块(32)的配合挡块(34)。
6.根据权利要求2至5之一所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,所述盖件(26)的限位挡块(32)被设计成可止挡在驱动轴(16)和/或底座(12)上。
7.根据权利要求2至5之一所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,所述盖件(26)具有设计在刮水器杆(18)的延长部中的侧盖(30),其中,该侧盖(30)形成限位挡块(32)。
8.根据权利要求1至5之一所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,在最大折叠角度(20)下,该刮水器杆(18)的机械应力低于延伸极限Re和/或低于0.2%伸长极限Rp0.2
9.根据权利要求8所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,所述延伸极限是延伸下限。
10.根据权利要求8所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,该刮水器杆(18)的机械应力低于Re的90%。
11.根据权利要求8所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,该刮水器杆(18)的机械应力低于Rp0.2的90%。
12.根据权利要求1至5之一所述的车窗玻璃刮水器,其特征在于,所述刮水片纵向可移动地与刮水器杆(18)相连接,其中,在该刮水片引入力而使该刮水器杆(18)弯曲到该刮水片与该刮水器杆(18)的各个相对位置时,在最大折叠角(20)下,该刮水器杆(18)只能够弹性地变形。
13.一种车窗玻璃刮水器组件,具有:由机动车辆车身形成的底座,其特征在于,该底座的至少一部分由车窗玻璃(12)形成;以及与该底座联接的、根据权利要求1至12之一所述的、用于擦拭该车窗玻璃(12)的车窗玻璃刮水器(14)。
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