CN109090158A - A kind of preparation method and its control method preparing konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method and its control method preparing konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis Download PDFInfo
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- CN109090158A CN109090158A CN201811132038.9A CN201811132038A CN109090158A CN 109090158 A CN109090158 A CN 109090158A CN 201811132038 A CN201811132038 A CN 201811132038A CN 109090158 A CN109090158 A CN 109090158A
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- coptis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
- A01N47/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides containing —N=CX2 groups, e.g. isothiourea
- A01N47/44—Guanidine; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/32—Ranunculaceae [Buttercup family], e.g. hepatica, hydrastis or goldenseal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods and its control method that konjak soft rot protective agents are prepared using the coptis, are related to plant disease technical field.The konjak soft rot protective agents prepared in the present invention are using the alcohol extract of the Chinese medicine coptis as the protective agents of konjak soft rot, and medicament sources are Chinese medicine, environmentally friendly, harmless to people, animal.The present invention combines the synthesis sterilization component of Chinese medicine rhizoma extracting liquid and the quick-acting sterilization components of chemical bactericide using the method for the protective agents prevention and treatment konjak soft rot of coptis preparation prevention and treatment konjak soft rot, has excellent preventive effect to konjak soft rot prevention and treatment.Golden Thread remnants sterilization component and organic composition are taken full advantage of simultaneously, the control efficiency of soft rot is improved to auxiliary, increases the soil organism, improvement soil texture has facilitation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant disease technical fields, and it is soft to prepare konjaku more specifically to a kind of utilization coptis
The preparation method and its control method of maize ear rot protective agents.
Background technique
Konjaku (Amorphophallus konjac) is Araeceae herbaceos perennial, is rare high sweet containing Portugal
The plant of glycan, bulb Glucomannan (KGM) content may be up to 60% of dry weight or so.Konjaku glucomannan is best meals
Fiber is eaten, " the 7th nutrient " needed by human, is the disease of digestive tracts such as hypertension, obesity, diabetes, constipation, intestinal cancer
One of preferred food of patient, and had a wide range of applications in fields such as health care, fine chemistry industry, biological medicines.Therefore, magic
Taro economic value is very high, is widely used in food, Medicines and Health Product and biological chemical field, has wide domestic and international
The market demand, only in Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asia, European & American Market, annual requirement (in terms of fresh taro) can reach 450,000 tons, and I
State is only 380,000 tons as one of konjaku main production country, the annual output of the fresh taro of konjaku, is difficult to meet the wilderness demand of domestic and international market.
Therefore, in a planned way develop konjaku planting industry, establish commodity konjaku base, expanding production helps development Southwest Mountainous Areas economy
Poor Mountainous Area farmer richness has very important meaning.
Konjaku industry breeds unlimited business opportunity, and in entire konjaku industrial chain, most weak and most unstable link
Precisely source industry --- konjaku planting industry.The maximum " bottleneck " for influencing konjaku plant production development is exactly the anti-of konjak soft rot
Control problem.Konjak soft rot is the bacterial disease that a kind of pair of konjaku plant has very big infecting potential and destruction, referred to as magic
" cancer " of taro, Amorphophallus Yield loss can reach 30%~50% when occurring serious, can reach 80% or more sometimes and even have no harvest,
This has hit the enthusiasm of many peasant planting konjakus, brings destructive disaster to konjaku industry.
Konjak soft rot (Amorphophallus Soft Rot Disease) is konjaku (Amorphophallus
Konjac) one of Major Diseases, infected plant taro and cauline leaf are soft rotten, and yield declines to a great extent, and constitute to konjaku production
Great threat.Konjak soft rot is bacillary by one kind of the infection such as chrysanthemum Pectinatus, Erwinia chrysanthemi and chrysanthemum Erwinia
Soil-borne disease does not find that control method mainly has chemical prevention and life to its disease-resistant variety with significant resistance also at present
Object prevention and treatment.Chemical prevention relies primarily on the chemicals such as agricultural streptomycin, thiophene bacterium ketone, gram bacterium star, bromothalonil, and control efficiency is aobvious
It writes, but there is the disadvantages of pollution environment, endanger people and animals, be also easy to produce drug resistance.Biological control mainly uses biocontrol microorganisms and plant to mention
Object is taken to be prevented and treated.In terms of biocontrol microorganisms using it is more be bacillus, as bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and
Thuringiensis, to the preventive effect of konjak soft rot up to 32.3%~74%.Secondly, actinomyces and fungi are to konjak soft rot
There is certain preventive effect, such as close rotation streptomycete, the viscous mould fungi of broom and trichoderma fungi.Biocontrol microorganisms have the control of konjak soft rot certain
Effect, but there is also certain deficiencies: such as stability problem, biocontrol microorganisms are mostly active bacteria formulation, field by soil pH, fertility,
The environmental influences such as temperature and humidity, illumination are extremely difficult to expected control efficiency, in addition, biocontrol microorganisms are micro- vulnerable to other in field
Biotic influence is difficult to become dominant microflora, it is difficult to colonize, preventive effect will have a greatly reduced quality.In soil, crop rotation and application chemical agent are anti-
Control the height that konjak soft rot disadvantage is more, preventive effect is poor, under the limited situation of practical application effect, and exploitation is prevented and treated for konjak soft rot
Fungicide is imitated, in recent years, many researchers begin trying exploitation biological agent and prevent and treat for konjak soft rot, as Crop Diseases in Yunnan is big
Learning sea Ji Guang et al. uses bacillus amyloliquefaciens C3 and its fermentation liquid that the biology system for konjaku bacterial soft rot has been made
Agent (ZL200510048755) is achieved higher than 46.7% preventive effect and its certain production-increasing function, but this method is due to existing
Technology of preparing requires high and biological safety many-sided reason such as to need to be investigated, and extensive use is not yet received.
Although traditional Chinese medicine bactericide, which has had, much has been applied to field of biological pesticide, such as containing the sterilization of Chinese rhubarb extract
Agent and combinations thereof (ZL02123720.4), but this kind of traditional Chinese medicine bactericide specific aim is not strong, affects it and causes to konjak soft rot
The killing effect of germ, if to realize that traditional Chinese medicine bactericide is applied to the prevention and treatment of konjak soft rot, it is necessary to there is sterilization from numerous
Searching out in the Chinese medicine of effect has the good Chinese medicine and its active constituent inhibited with killing effect for konjak soft rot pathogenic bacteria,
It suits the remedy to the case, in conjunction with high-efficiency low-toxicity chemical agent, using " combination of Chinese tradiational and Western medicine " mode, treating both manifestation and root cause of disease can just effectively improve preventive effect,
And the research of this respect yet there are no report, therefore also have no there is the products application efficiently prevented and treated to prevention and treatment konjak soft rot
In konjaku plant development.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned defect existing in the prior art and deficiency, evil spirit is prepared using the coptis this application provides a kind of
The preparation method and its control method of taro Disease-Control for Soft-Rotting drug, the konjak soft rot protective agents prepared in the application are benefits
Use the alcohol extract of the Chinese medicine coptis as the protective agents of konjak soft rot, medicament sources are Chinese medicine, it is environmentally friendly, it is right
People, animal are harmless.The method that the application prevents and treats konjak soft rot using the protective agents of coptis preparation prevention and treatment konjak soft rot, in conjunction with
The synthesis sterilization component of Chinese medicine rhizoma extracting liquid and the quick-acting sterilization components of chemical bactericide, to the anti-jig of konjak soft rot
There is excellent preventive effect.Golden Thread remnants sterilization component and organic composition are taken full advantage of simultaneously, soft rot is improved to auxiliary
Control efficiency, increase the soil organism, improvement soil texture have facilitation.
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the application is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method preparing konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis, it is characterised in that:
The coptis is dried, is crushed after drying, smashing fineness is 250-300 mesh；Weigh a certain amount of coptis powder after crushed
80% ethyl alcohol 500-700ml is added in the Golden Thread of every hectogram in end, under the conditions of 35 DEG C, constant temperature oscillation 48-50h, and constant temperature vibration
It after the completion of swinging, is filtered, by smoke filtrate under the conditions of 50-60 DEG C, the alcohol extracting of the coptis is made in rotary evaporation to 1/3 volume
Liquid, the filtered coptis dregs of a decoction dry naturally.
The oscillation revolving speed of the constant temperature oscillation is 150r/min.
After evaporation coptis alcohol extract obtained 5 DEG C at a temperature of, carry out cryo-conservation.
A kind of control method of the konjak soft rot protective agents using coptis preparation, it is characterised in that:
The konjaku seed of selection health dries 2-3 days under the sun before konjaku sowing, the Huang that said extracted method is prepared
Alcohol extract even dilutes 3-4 times, and the konjaku seed dried is invaded in above-mentioned dilution and is impregnated 1 hour, after the completion of immersion
Taking-up is dried spare；
It is before sowing that readjustment of field plot is good, cave is ditched or dug on plot, and the konjaku seed after immersion is uniformly broadcast by plantation specification
Kind is uniformly spread in kind of planting ditch/cave in kind of planting ditch/cave, while by the coptis dregs of a decoction, earthing；
Konjaku is emerged after lamina, pours konjaku seedling root, every plant of 50ml, interval 1 with the alcohol extract of 3-4 times of the coptis of dilution
Week and then pouring are primary；
Since konjaku changes a phase, konjaku root, every plant of pouring are poured with 3-4 times of dilution of the alcohol extract of the coptis
50ml, while in 750 times of konjaku foliage-spray of 20% Moroxydine Hydrochloride solution, once every 10 days, continuous 3 times.
Compared with prior art, technical effect beneficial brought by the application is shown:
1, using the dregs of a decoction after the alcohol extract of coptis Chinese medicine and extraction as the protective agents of konjak soft rot, medicament sources
For Chinese medicine, examined by the long-time service of our people, it is environmentally friendly, it is harmless to people, animal.
2, the dregs of a decoction after extracting drug are also used as the ancillary drug of Disease-Control for Soft-Rotting, take full advantage of residual in the coptis dregs of a decoction
The organic composition for staying sterilization component and Golden Thread increases the soil organism to Disease-Control for Soft-Rotting effect is improved, and improves soil
Structure has good facilitation.
3, coptis alcohol extract has extremely significant inhibitory effect to konjak soft rot main pathogenic bacteria.Utilize coptis alcohol extracting
Liquid is taken to be pressed down using filter paper enzyme to the main pathogenic bacteria chrysanthemum Pectinatus (P.chrysanthemi, Pch) of konjak soft rot
Bacterium test, coptis alcohol extract fungistatic effect is extremely significant, and antibacterial circle diameter is extremely significant to be higher than control up to 1.83~2.27cm.
4, coptis alcohol extract has extremely significant control efficiency to konjak soft rot.3- is diluted using the alcohol extract of the coptis
4 times, soak seed, and leaf stretching period pouring root twice, three times, soft rot diseased plant rate is only the continuous pouring root of konjak soft rot initial phase
12.92%-14.29%, extremely significant to be lower than blank control, relative control effect 73.78%-71% shows excellent control efficiency.
5, using in conjunction with the chemical agents such as konjak soft rot pesticide control and the Moroxydine Hydrochloride of the preparation of the Chinese medicine coptis just
Seed soaking, pouring root after method prevention and treatment konjak soft rot, i.e. rhizoma extracting liquid dilute by a certain percentage, change in combination with Moroxydine Hydrochloride etc.
Drug foliage-spray is learned, there is significant preventive effect to konjak soft rot.Table of field test results are bright, using the 3- of coptis alcohol extract
4 times of dilutions are soaked seed prior to seeding, and continuous pouring root twice, changes a phase the continuous pouring root of (mid-July) beginning three times after lamina of emerging,
In combination with 750 times of 20% Moroxydine Hydrochloride solution prevention and treatment konjak soft rot is sprayed, soft rot diseased plant rate is only 9.9%-11.77%,
Extremely significant to be lower than blank control, relative control effect reaches 71.62%-76.13%.And with traditional streptomycin sulphate pouring root control method phase
Than this method konjak soft rot relative control effect is 40.85%-50.25%, extremely significant to be better than streptomycin sulphate pouring root control method.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As one preferred embodiment of the application, present embodiment discloses:
A kind of preparation method being prepared konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis, the coptis is dried, and sufficiently crushed 300 mesh
Sieve takes the Golden Thread of 100g after crushed, and 80% ethyl alcohol 500ml, under the conditions of 35 DEG C, constant temperature under 150r/min revolving speed is added
48h is vibrated, after the completion of constant temperature oscillation, is filtered, smoke filtrate is under the conditions of 50 DEG C, rotary evaporation to 150ml, and the coptis is made
Alcohol extract, the filtered coptis dregs of a decoction dry naturally.
Embodiment 2
As one preferred embodiment of the application, present embodiment discloses:
A kind of preparation method being prepared konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis, the coptis is dried, and sufficiently crushed 250 mesh
Sieve takes the Golden Thread of 100g after crushed, and 80% ethyl alcohol 700ml is added, under the conditions of 35 DEG C, constant temperature oscillation 50h, and constant temperature vibration
It after the completion of swinging, is filtered, smoke filtrate is under the conditions of 60 DEG C, rotary evaporation to 200ml, and the alcohol extract of the coptis is made, and filters
The coptis dregs of a decoction afterwards dry naturally.The oscillation revolving speed of the constant temperature oscillation is 150r/min.The alcohol extracting of the coptis obtained after evaporation
Take liquid 5 DEG C at a temperature of, carry out cryo-conservation.
Embodiment 3
As one preferred embodiment of the application, present embodiment discloses:
A kind of preparation method being prepared konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis, the coptis is dried, and sufficiently crushed 260 mesh
Sieve takes the Golden Thread of 100g after crushed, and 80% ethyl alcohol 600ml is added, under the conditions of 35 DEG C, constant temperature oscillation 49h, and constant temperature vibration
It after the completion of swinging, is filtered, smoke filtrate is under the conditions of 55 DEG C, rotary evaporation to 200ml, and the alcohol extract of the coptis is made, and filters
The coptis dregs of a decoction afterwards dry naturally.The oscillation revolving speed of the constant temperature oscillation is 150r/min.The alcohol extracting of the coptis obtained after evaporation
Take liquid 5 DEG C at a temperature of, carry out cryo-conservation.
Embodiment 4
As one preferred embodiment of the application, present embodiment discloses:
A kind of control method preparing konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis, the health of selection size 50g or so before sowing
Ganoid konjaku taro dries 2-3 days under the sun；Rhizoma extracting liquid will be diluted 3 times and 4 times respectively, the konjac seed dried will be distinguished
It is immersed, soaks seed 1 hour, then take out and dry；It is sowed in the soil put in order, it is after planting that the coptis dregs of a decoction dried are straight
It connects and is sprinkling upon in konjaku kind plant hole, earthing.
Konjaku is emerged after lamina, and by every plant of filling 50ml of coptis alcohol extract or so after dilution, interval fills primary in 1 week again.
In soft rot early stage, then the correspondence dilution of rhizoma extracting liquid is poured and is filled in konjaku seedling root, every plant of filling 50ml or so,
Fill primary again after 10 days, it is continuous to fill three times.
After above method processing, konjaku emergence rate and diseased plant rate are investigated, the dilution seed soaking of coptis alcohol extract
It does not make significant difference to konjaku emergence, the emergence rate after the dilution seed soaking of two kinds of concentration is 98%, and compares no significant difference.
Rhizoma extracting liquid treated konjak soft rot disease incidence is than compareing extremely significant reduction, 3 times of dilutions of rhizoma extracting liquid and 4 times
Disease incidence is respectively 12.92% and 14.29% after dilution processing, and extremely significant lower than control (48.67%), relative control effect is respectively
73.78% and 71%.Compared with streptomycin sulphate pouring root control method, control efficiency is without significant difference, wherein 3 times of dilutions compare sulphur
Sour streptomysin prevents and treats diseased plant rate (13.01%) low 0.09%, and 4 times of dilution diseased plant rates are higher than streptomycin sulphate by 1.28%.
Embodiment 5
As one preferred embodiment of the application, present embodiment discloses:
A kind of control method being prepared konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis is dried seed 2-3 days before konjaku sowing,
Surface is dried, rhizoma extracting liquid is diluted 3 times or 4 times respectively, 1 is small in the medical fluid after konjaku seed to be immersed in dilution respectively
When, ganoid konjaku taro is taken out, is sowed after drying.
After konjaku emerges lamina, with the extraction liquid irrigating root after corresponding dilution, every plant of filling 50ml or so, interval fills for 1 week again
Root is primary, starts the dilution liquid irrigating root for using rhizoma extracting liquid again, every plant of filling 50ml or so, while 750 times of foliage-spray on July 10
20% Moroxydine Hydrochloride solution, it is primary every processing in 10 days, continuously three times.
Processing result shows with the seed soaking of the dilution of rhizoma extracting liquid, pouring root, while being aided with certain density morpholine hydrochloride
Guanidine solution sprays, and has preferable preventive effect to konjak soft rot.It is handled with 3 times of coptis dilutions and is aided with 750 times 20% of hydrochloric acid
Quinoline guanidine sprays, and konjak soft rot diseased plant rate is only 9.9%, extremely significant to fill lower than control (diseased plant rate 41.47%) and streptomycin sulphate
Root prevents and treats (19.9%), relative control effect difference 76.13% and 50.25%.4 times of coptis dilutions handle and are aided with 750 times 20% of salt
Sour moroxydine sprays, and konjak soft rot diseased plant rate is 11.77%, also extremely significant lower than control and the anti-therapy of streptomycin sulphate, relatively
Preventive effect is respectively 71.62% and 40.85%.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of preparation method for preparing konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis, it is characterised in that:
The coptis is dried, is crushed after drying, smashing fineness is 250-300 mesh；Weigh a certain amount of coptis powder after crushed
80% ethyl alcohol 500-700ml is added in the Golden Thread of every hectogram in end, under the conditions of 35 DEG C, constant temperature oscillation 48-50h, and constant temperature vibration
It after the completion of swinging, is filtered, by smoke filtrate under the conditions of 50-60 DEG C, the alcohol extracting of the coptis is made in rotary evaporation to 1/3 volume
Liquid, the filtered coptis dregs of a decoction dry naturally.
2. a kind of preparation method for being prepared konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis as described in claim 1, feature are existed
In: the oscillation revolving speed of the constant temperature oscillation is 150r/min.
3. a kind of preparation method for being prepared konjak soft rot protective agents using the coptis as described in claim 1, feature are existed
In: after evaporation coptis alcohol extract obtained 5 DEG C at a temperature of, carry out cryo-conservation.
4. a kind of control method of the konjak soft rot protective agents using coptis preparation, it is characterised in that:
The konjaku seed of selection health dries 2-3 days under the sun before konjaku sowing, the Huang that said extracted method is prepared
Alcohol extract even dilutes 3-4 times, and the konjaku seed dried is invaded in above-mentioned dilution and is impregnated 1 hour, after the completion of immersion
Taking-up is dried spare；
It is before sowing that readjustment of field plot is good, cave is ditched or dug on plot, and the konjaku seed after immersion is uniformly broadcast by plantation specification
Kind is uniformly spread in kind of planting ditch/cave in kind of planting ditch/cave, while by the coptis dregs of a decoction, earthing；
Konjaku is emerged after lamina, pours konjaku seedling root, every plant of 50ml, interval 1 with the alcohol extract of 3-4 times of the coptis of dilution
Week and then pouring are primary；
Since konjaku changes a phase, konjaku root, every plant of pouring are poured with 3-4 times of dilution of the alcohol extract of the coptis
50ml, while in 750 times of konjaku foliage-spray of 20% Moroxydine Hydrochloride solution, once every 10 days, continuous 3 times.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811132038.9A CN109090158B (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | Preparation method of medicine for preventing and treating soft rot of konjak prepared from coptis chinensis and prevention and treatment method thereof |
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| CN201811132038.9A CN109090158B (en) | 2018-09-27 | 2018-09-27 | Preparation method of medicine for preventing and treating soft rot of konjak prepared from coptis chinensis and prevention and treatment method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115462393A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-13 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Preparation and application method of leaching liquor for preventing and treating soft rot of konjak |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115462393A (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2022-12-13 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Preparation and application method of leaching liquor for preventing and treating soft rot of konjak |
| CN115462393B (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-05-03 | 安康市农业科学研究院 | Preparation and application methods of leaching liquor for preventing and treating soft rot of konjak |
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| CN109090158B (en) | 2021-01-26 |
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