CN104150988B - A kind of preparation method of chitin fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of chitin fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104150988B CN104150988B CN201410406086.8A CN201410406086A CN104150988B CN 104150988 B CN104150988 B CN 104150988B CN 201410406086 A CN201410406086 A CN 201410406086A CN 104150988 B CN104150988 B CN 104150988B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of a kind of chitin fertilizer, material souring decalcification, aerobic fermentation is made to make the material ammonification under the conditions of alkalescence become activity chitin by following raw material through anaerobic fermentation, ageing is prepared from again, described raw material is calculated as with butt quality: Crustacean raw material 10～30wt%, edible fungi residues 10～20wt%, food factory's residue 50～80wt%, moisture regulation moisture is to 50～60%, and high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria concentration reaches more than 100,000/gram.The present invention is simple to operate, low cost, pollution-free, and in the chitin fertilizer prepared, chitosan content is many so that the activity of fertilizer is high, and using effect is good.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of chitin fertilizer, belong to organic fertilizer technique neck
Territory.
[background technology]
In recent years, along with chemical fertilizer, a large amount of uses of pesticide, the quantity of beneficial insect reduces, its
The supply of soil is reduced by remains chitin the most therewith, and therefore leaves of plants portion contacts carapace with root
The chance of element reduces the most therewith, causes the disorder that nature chitin circulates, thus has upset soil
The distribution of earth microorganism, useful bacterium becomes few, thus causes pest and disease damage to increasingly sharpen.
Chitin had another name called chitin, chitin, chitin, since France in 1811
Since professor H.Braconnot finds chitin, existing more than 200 year history.During this period,
Along with the continuous research of people, chitin gradually comes into one's own in function agriculturally, but is used for
In terms of fertilizer but or ground zero, the relatively conventional fertilizer of producer related to and seldom.
Chitin belongs to straight chain aminopolysaccharide, and formal name used at school is (Isosorbide-5-Nitrae)-2-acetylaminohydroxyphenylarsonic acid 2-deoxidation-β-D-
Glucose], molecular formula is (C8H13NO5) n, it is bonded with β (1-4) glycoside between monomer,
Molecular weight typically about 106, theoretical nitrogen content 6.8%.Chitin is unique in nature
Positively charged a kind of natural polymers, its chemical constitution and plant are widely present
Cellulose is closely similar, if the individual molecule glucose molecule second of composition cellulose
Hydroxyl (OH) on carbon atom changes acetylamino (NHCOH into3) or amino (NH2),
Cellulose has reformed into chitin, and in this sense, chitin can be described as animal fiber.
In chitin molecule, because of the interaction of hydrogen bond inside and outside it, define orderly macromole knot
Structure, solubility property is very poor, which has limited its application in many aspects, and chitin is through de-second
Product chitosan (being also chitosan, have and press down pathogen effect) after acylated process, but
Due to the existence of free ammonias a large amount of in its molecular structure, solubility property takes on a new look significantly, has
Unique physico-chemical property and physiological function, agricultural, medicine, food, all sides of cosmetics environmental protection
Mask has broad application prospects.
At present, both at home and abroad frequently with chemical method, through acid-alkali treatment, de-calcium salt and protein,
Then just can obtain applying quite varied solvable with highly basic deacetylate in a heated condition
Property chitin (chitosan).The molecular weight of chitosan is tens ten thousand to hundreds of thousands.Because of preparation method,
Process conditions are different with requirement, and deacetylation degree can be by more than 60% to 95%.This shell gathers
The more chitinous solubility property of sugar is substantially improved, and is dissolvable in water in sour each acid solution, but can not
It is directly dissolved in water.When chitosan is through being degraded into the oligosaccharide of low-molecular-weight, and product can be direct
It is dissolved in water, thus expands the scope of application.Substantial amounts of result of study shows, chitin and derivative
Thing is used for safeguarding agroecological environment with the crop mechanism of its uniqueness, protects people's health,
It is a kind of environmental protection type agricultural chemical for producing pollution-free food, is Agricultural product without pollution and can
The valuable source of sustainable agriculture.
Have now been found that it has effect of following aspect:
The most natural soil conditioner.Chitin, chitosan have the work improving soil property
With, add the bacteriostasis of chitosan, the growth of pathogenic bacteria in soil can be suppressed to breed, they
Can effectively improve crumb structure and the microbiota of soil；In chitin, chitin and shell gather
Sugar belongs to aminopolysaccharide, chitin and chitosan and has cementing grogs, promotes to form aggregate
Ability.Containing great amount of hydroxy group on their molecule, hydroxyl and the hydrogen on Clay Minerals And Clay Oxides plane of crystal
Atom forms hydrogen bond, scattered soil particle cementation can be formed aggregate together；
B. activating soil.Chitin can make soil probiotics such as actinomycetes increase by 1000 times, has
Evil bacterium such as Fusarium spp. and nematode etc. substantially reduce, and strengthen soil supplying nutrient capability, fundamentally change
Good soil, radical cure is hardened, and improves soil organic matter content, overcomes continuous cropping, it is simple to continuous cropping.One
For as, Plant fiber can produce the actinomycetes of the most several times relative to excrement class, therefore adds Chinese medicine slag
More preferably according to some producer's introductions, chitin can be used only 12 days, the work of soil microorganism
Property just can improve 20 times, and the originally nematicide of damage to crops root system is whole by the actinomycetes in soil
Digest；
C. fertilizer and soil conditioner.The film forming function that chitin tool is extremely strong, can delay in soil
The release of fertilizer element, reduces nutrient loss, and then improves fertilizer efficiency；
D. root system, activating rhizosphere are promoted.Chitin can promote that advance germination of seeds, strength promote
Take root, strengthen plant and inhale fertilizer, water suction, drought resisting, ability resistant to lodging, enhancing immunity, plant
Strain stalwartness high yield；Can fully activate crop rhizosphere state, enzymolysis nutrient molecule, quickly form soil
Earth solution, makes the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium can obtain the sufficiently effective absorption of crop；
E. casing coupling is sturdy.Chitin regulation development of plants, promote stem pole shorten, sturdy vigorous,
Be conducive to nutrient supply；Chelating Trace Elements in Soil, is more easy to absorb into fruit, increases albumen
Matter, amino acid content, fundamentally improve fruit quality；
F. strong disinfecting.Chitin has extremely strong killing action to the pathogenic bacteria on soil, seed,
And suppress such as the growth of the harmful fungoid mycelia such as downy mildew, cyst bacterium, it may be said that it is pathogenic
Bacteria growing resistance preparation；
G. immunity is strengthened.Chitin is described as " plant vaccine ", can make the anti-bacteria and anti-virus of crop
Ability is obviously enhanced, and changes plant growing mechanism, strengthens systemic immunity, it is ensured that the health of plant
Growth；
H. the preventing and treating of Typical crops typical disease, such as continuous cropping underproduction such as melon, dish, Fructus Fragariae Ananssaes
Preventing and treating, such as the preventing and treating of rice seedling blight, such as underground tuber (containing bulb, rhizome) class crop
Diseases prevention and volume increase etc..
I. nematicide；Chitin can excite the actinomycetes activity in soil to become carrying of geometrical progression
Height, when actinomycetic quantity reaches certain level, the vivosphere of nematicide has not just existed,
The purpose fundamentally treating nematicide will reach.Meanwhile, chitinase can dissolve chitin,
Make worm's ovum the most dead, thus reach to effect a radical cure the purpose of nematicide.
J. seed treatment；
K. fruit and vegetable fresh-keeping agent and food preservative；
L. soil is purified.Chitin and catabolite thereof have good absorption property, can make a huge sum of money
Belong to and the difficult material collection decomposed, can effectively degrade insecticide and various nuisance simultaneously
Matter, is a kind of excellent up-and-coming soil sanitation agent；
M. improving quality, increases yield.Chitin can promote that crop yield improves, and improves crop
Quality so that it is recovering natural flavor, fruit maturation is full, storage tolerance, also reduces pesticide simultaneously
Residual quantity.
From the point of view of existing market, belonging to the fewest of chitin organic fertilizer, its reason is:
A. raw material generally concentrates on coastal area；
B. environmental issue is increasingly serious, the chemical extraction serious environment pollution of chitin.Chitin
Chemical extraction technique generally: the impurity such as shrimp and crab shells Deproteinization, juice add sodium hydroxide
Add heat soaking rinsing deproteination matter, fat etc. to drain and add hydrochloric acid and add hot dipping
Bubble deliming drains to obtain chitin crude product pulverizing finished product, and its waste water processes and is
Individual big problem.
Become multi-Functional Fertilizers to make, then chitin finished product is joined in fertilizer, as
The functional chitin fertilizer so made, pollutes big, and cost is high, and market terminal accepts
Degree is poor, is not the most a feasible way, and shell-fish data is more and more inclined especially at present
To medicine, fewer and feweri for fertilizer.According to the data introduction of some factories, the shell of about 20T
Class the most just extracts 1T chitin, it is seen that environmental pollution has much, and cost is
Height how.
With reference to " preparation method of a kind of fertilizer rich in chitin " (application number
201410138453.0), it comprises the following steps: insecticide or the pulverizing of Crustacean shell；
The fermentation of banking up of base material；Raise Lumbricus and collect Lumbricus feces；Compost from earthworm rich in chitin
The collection of material.Its core be utilize the digestive function of Lumbricus process fermented containing carapace
Material, the most also wants the wormcast material on collection material upper strata, also otherwise the dry wormcast of trunk snap and
Being separated into earthworm, the feces of little earthworm, operating process bothers, and efficiency is low.
[summary of the invention]
The invention aims to overcome the defect of prior art, it is provided that a kind of low cost, nothing
Pollute, the preparation method of chitin fertilizer simple to operate.
The present invention for achieving the above object, by the following technical solutions:
The preparation method of a kind of chitin fertilizer, it is characterised in that by following raw material through anaerobism
Fermentation, aerobic fermentation and ageing are prepared from, and described raw material is calculated as with butt quality:
The Deshi Lactobacillus that high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria is Lactobacillus in the present invention or other can be in
The acid-producing bacteria of more than 50 DEG C breedings.
The preparation method of the present invention a kind of chitin fertilizer, it is characterised in that specifically include following
Step:
A, pretreatment of raw material: standby by pulverizing and sieving after Crustacean raw material drying；
B, anaerobic fermentation: by the Crustacean raw material pulverized and edible fungi residues, food factory is residual
Slag mix homogeneously, regulation moisture, to 50～60%, adds the mixing of high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria all
Even, seal anaerobic fermentation 10 after windrow～be less than 4.5 to pH value in 30 days；
C, aerobic fermentation: the windrow after anaerobic fermentation is regulated carbon-nitrogen ratio and is less than 20:1, then
Add organic matter decomposing inoculant, mix homogeneously, carry out aerobic fermentation, turn over during aerobic fermentation
Heap to windrow temperature rises to 60～80 DEG C and is persistently not less than 7 days, and pH value is not less than around here
8.5, when continuation fermentation to temperature is between 45～50 DEG C, regulation pH value is 7～8.5, continues
Ferment to windrow temperature less than 45 DEG C；
D, ageing: will be after aerobic fermentation, the temperature windrow stacking less than 45 DEG C carries out old
Changing at least 20 days, get product chitin fertilizer.
The fineness of the Crustacean raw material after pulverizing in the present invention was the screen cloth less than 6mm.
Crustacean raw material is shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis, pupa class crustacean, and dry run can be with naturally drying
The mode that mode can also be dried with Drying, is the purpose of Crustacean raw material pulverizing
Raw material can contact with unclassified stores fully.
The sealing state sealed in anaerobic fermentation process in the present invention does not requires to be completely sealed to not
There is the state that oxygen enters, the most permissible with covered rearing with plastic film.This section anaerobic fermentation
In time, windrow nexine is anaerobism, the high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria being exogenously added and raw material itself
Just with nature acid-producing bacteria also can produce acid and heat up, moisture also can increase, at this moment, first
The meat of shell class animal material, fat can become sour, and also produce acid, these acids
Will react with the shell of Crustacean raw material so that it is reach the work of part chemistry decalcification
With, meanwhile, calcareous also can prevent the big degree of pH from reducing, windrow peracid is unfavorable for that next step gathers
Aerobic fermentation.
Being exactly aerobic fermentation process after anaerobic fermentation, the purpose of aerobic fermentation is to make alkalescence condition
Under windrow ammonification become activity chitin.The initial carbon-nitrogen ratio 20:1 to be less than of fermentation, purpose
It is that ammonia nitrogen is free out to react with chitin in order to have.The present invention regulates windrow carbon-nitrogen ratio use
Carbamide, ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate regulation, unavailable ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride, because crops
Sulfur in the family way and avoid chlorine point, fertilizer, as general fertilizer, should avoid the restriction in this use,
Meanwhile, the too much fertilizer of sulfur-bearing, when kind of Oryza sativa L., can produce sulfur due to water logging to crop root
Toxic action.The consumption of carbamide adds 5～25 kilograms by every cubic metre, ammonium carbonate or carbon
Acid hydrogen ammonium is added by the equivalent nitrogen element identical with carbamide.
The organic matter decomposing inoculant added during aerobic fermentation in the present invention contains aspergillus niger, spore
Bacterium, actinomycetes and yeast, wherein aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and saccharomycetic bacterium number
Ratio is 1～5:50:1～5:1～10, strain can not mutual antagonism, these bacterium, particularly
Aspergillus niger decomposes the material such as carapace, cellulose, decomposes intermediate product out and can be supplied to spore
Bacterium and yeast recycling.After the organic matter decomposing inoculant used and raw material mixing, concentration is wanted
More than 500,000/gram raw materials.Moisture is without being adjusted.
During aerobic fermentation by turning or (with) mandatory ventilation oxygen supply, make in sweat
Temperature rises to 60～80 DEG C and is persistently not less than 7 days, owing to shell-fish material protein is high,
And adding carbamide, the pH of material fermentation process can be raised to more than 8.5, but to rise to 8.5～9
For excellent.Such alkalescence condition, already close to the deacetylated condition in inorganic chemistry, can be delayed
A class chitosan in the slow chitin producing solubility, this is a kind of highly active carapace
Element, using effect is best.
In the later stage in aerobic fermentation stage, when windrow temperature is down between temperature 45～50 DEG C, if
PH continues higher than 8.5, regulates with calcium superphosphate or organic acid solution, but pH value will be 7～8.5
Between, preferably less than 8.5, to ensure that fertilizer reaches industry standard, continue fermentation low to the temperature end
In 45 DEG C.
Being aged by raw material after aerobic fermentation, digestion time is no less than 20 days, after ageing
Windrow be finished product chitin fertilizer, may be further processed packaging.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that
The present invention is simple to operate, low cost, pollution-free, the chitin fertilizer mesochite prepared
Glycan content is many so that the activity of fertilizer is high, and using effect is good.
[detailed description of the invention]
A kind of preparation method of chitin fertilizer, including step in detail below:
A, pretreatment of raw material: pulverized after the Crustacean raw material dryings such as shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis, pupa
Screen cloth less than 6mm is standby；
B, anaerobic fermentation: by butt quality meter 10～30% pulverizing Crustacean raw material with dry
Substrate gauge 10～the edible fungi residues of 20%, butt quality meter 50～80% food factory's residue mix
Closing uniformly, regulation moisture, to 50～60%, adds high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria mix homogeneously and makes
Its concentration reaches more than 100,000/gram, seals anaerobic fermentation 10～30 days to pH value after windrow
Less than 4.5；
C, aerobic fermentation: windrow carbamide, ammonium carbonate or the ammonium hydrogen carbonate that anaerobic fermentation is crossed
Regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio less than 20:1, add aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and yeast by
Bacterium number ratio is (1～5): 50:(1～5): the organic matter decomposing inoculant that (1～10) mix, mixed
Close uniformly so that it is concentration is more than 500,000/gram raw materials, carries out aerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation mistake
In journey, turning to windrow temperature rises to 60～80 DEG C and is persistently not less than 7 days, and pH is not around here
Less than 8.5, when continuation fermentation to temperature is between 45～50 DEG C, with calcium superphosphate or organic acid
Regulation pH value, to 7～8.5, continues fermentation and is less than 45 DEG C at the bottom of heap material temperature, then stacks and carries out
Being aged at least 20 days, get product chitin fertilizer, is processed further packaging.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further described:
Embodiment 1:
A, after the Crustacean raw material dryings such as shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis, pupa, pulverized the sieve less than 5mm
Net standby；
B, by the pulverizing Crustacean raw material of butt quality meter 30% and butt quality meter 20%
Edible fungi residues, food factory's residue mix homogeneously of butt quality meter 50%, regulate moisture
To 50%, add high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria mix homogeneously and make its concentration reach 150,000/gram, heap
When sealing anaerobic fermentation 15 days after material, pH value is less than 4.5；
C, the windrow crossed by anaerobic fermentation add 5 kilograms of carbamide regulation carbon by every cubic metre of windrow
Nitrogen for 15:1, adds aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and yeast by bacterium number ratio than low
Example is the organic matter decomposing inoculant of 1:50:1:1 mixing, mix homogeneously so that it is concentration is
600000/gram raw materials, carry out aerobic fermentation, turning oxygen supply during aerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature
Quickly rising to 60 DEG C in spending 3 days, within the 5th day, rise to the highest 75 DEG C, now ammonia taste is denseer,
After testing, pH value is 9, when continuation fermentation to temperature is between 45～50 DEG C, uses calcium superphosphate
Or organic acid for adjusting pH value is 7.5, continuing fermentation 5 days, windrow temperature is less than 45 DEG C, so
Rear stacking carries out being aged 20 days, and get product chitin fertilizer, is processed further bag
Dress.
Embodiment 2:
A, after the Crustacean raw material dryings such as shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis, pupa, pulverized the sieve less than 4mm
Net standby；
B, by the pulverizing Crustacean raw material of butt quality meter 20% and butt quality meter 10%
Edible fungi residues, food factory's residue mix homogeneously of butt quality meter 70%, regulate moisture
To 55%, add high temperature resistant its concentration of acid-producing bacteria mix homogeneously and reach 100,000/gram raw materials,
When sealing anaerobic fermentation 25 days after windrow, pH value is less than 4.5；
C, the windrow crossed by anaerobic fermentation add 10 kilograms of carbamide regulation carbon by every cubic metre of windrow
Nitrogen for 10:1, adds aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and yeast by bacterium number ratio than low
Example is the organic matter decomposing inoculant of 2:50:2:2, mix homogeneously so that it is concentration is 600,000
Individual/gram raw material, carries out aerobic fermentation, turning oxygen supply during aerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature 5
Quickly rising to 60 DEG C in it, within the 6th day, rise to the highest 80 DEG C, now ammonia taste is denseer, warp
Detection, pH value is 10, when continuation fermentation to temperature is between 45～50 DEG C, uses calcium superphosphate
Or organic acid for adjusting pH value is 8.3, after continuing fermentation 7 days, less than 45 DEG C at the bottom of heap material temperature,
Then stacking and carry out being aged 30 days, get product chitin fertilizer, is processed further
Packaging.
Embodiment 3:
A, after the Crustacean raw material dryings such as shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis, pupa, pulverized the sieve less than 4mm
Net standby；
B, by the pulverizing Crustacean raw material of butt quality meter 10% and butt quality meter 10%
Edible fungi residues, food factory's residue mix homogeneously of butt quality meter 80%, regulate moisture
To 60%, adding high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria mix homogeneously, its concentration reaches 130,000/gram materials,
When sealing anaerobic fermentation 30 days after windrow, pH value is less than 4.5；
C, the windrow crossed by anaerobic fermentation add 15 kilograms of ammonium carbonate regulations by every cubic metre of windrow
Carbon-nitrogen ratio is low for 12:1, adds aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and yeast by bacterium number
Ratio is the organic matter decomposing inoculant of 3:50:3:6 mixing, mix homogeneously so that it is concentration is
550000/gram windrows, carry out aerobic fermentation, turning oxygen supply during aerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature
Spending the 6th day and rise to the highest 77 DEG C, now ammonia taste is denseer, and after testing, pH value is 8.5,
Continue fermentation to temperature between 45～50 DEG C time, with calcium superphosphate or organic acid for adjusting pH value
Being 7, after continuing fermentation 7 days, windrow temperature is less than 45 DEG C, then stacks and carries out being aged 45
My god, get product chitin fertilizer, is processed further packaging.
Embodiment 4:
A, after the Crustacean raw material dryings such as shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis, pupa, pulverized the sieve less than 5mm
Net standby；
B, by the pulverizing Crustacean raw material of butt quality meter 20% and butt quality meter 20%
Edible fungi residues, food factory's residue mix homogeneously of butt quality meter 60%, regulate moisture
To 55%, add high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria mix homogeneously so that it is concentration reaches 180,000/gram things
Material, when sealing anaerobic fermentation 10 days after windrow, pH value is less than 4.5；
C, the windrow crossed by anaerobic fermentation add 15 kilograms of carbamide regulation carbon by every cubic metre of windrow
Nitrogen for 12:1, adds aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and yeast by bacterium number ratio than low
The organic matter decomposing inoculant of example 4:50:4:8 mixing, mix homogeneously so that it is concentration is 55
Ten thousand/gram windrows, carry out aerobic fermentation, turning oxygen supply during aerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature
Within 6th day, rising to the highest 77 DEG C, now ammonia taste is denseer, and after testing, pH value is 8.8, but
PH value need not be comprehended this period, continue fermentation and be less than 45 DEG C at the bottom of heap material temperature, use calcium superphosphate
Or organic acid for adjusting pH value is 8, after continuing fermentation 9 days, less than 45 DEG C at the bottom of heap material temperature, so
Rear stacking carries out being aged 60 days, and get product chitin fertilizer, is processed further bag
Dress.
Embodiment 5:
A, after the Crustacean raw material dryings such as shrimp, Eriocheir sinensis, pupa, pulverized the sieve less than 5mm
Net standby；
B, by the pulverizing Crustacean raw material of butt quality meter 20% and butt quality meter 20%
Edible fungi residues, food factory's residue mix homogeneously of butt quality meter 60%, regulate moisture
To 50%, adding high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria mix homogeneously, its concentration reaches 200,000/gram materials
Above, when sealing anaerobic fermentation 10 days after windrow, pH value is less than 4.5；
C, the windrow crossed by anaerobic fermentation add 20 kilograms of ammonium hydrogen carbonate with by every cubic metre of windrow
Regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio is low for 10:1, add aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and yeast by
The organic matter decomposing inoculant of bacterium number ratio 5:50:5:10 mixing, mix homogeneously so that it is dense
Degree is 500,000/gram windrows, carries out aerobic fermentation, turning oxygen supply during aerobic fermentation, sends out
Ferment temperature control rises to the highest 77 DEG C for 6 days, and now ammonia taste is denseer, and after testing, pH value is 9,
But pH value need not be comprehended this period, when continuation fermentation to temperature is between 45～50 DEG C, used
Calcium phosphate or organic acid for adjusting pH value are 7.5, after continuing fermentation 8 days, are less than at the bottom of heap material temperature
45 DEG C, then stacking and carry out being aged 90 days, get product chitin fertilizer, carries out into one
Step processing and packing.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a chitin fertilizer, it is characterised in that passed through by following raw material
Anaerobic fermentation, aerobic fermentation and ageing are prepared from, and described raw material is calculated as with butt quality:
Preparation method specifically includes following steps:
A, pretreatment of raw material: standby by pulverizing and sieving after Crustacean raw material drying；
B, anaerobic fermentation: by the Crustacean raw material pulverized and edible fungi residues, food factory is residual
Slag mix homogeneously, regulation moisture, to 50～60%, adds the mixing of high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria all
Even, seal anaerobic fermentation 10 after windrow～be less than 4.5 to pH value in 30 days；
C, aerobic fermentation: the windrow regulation carbon-nitrogen ratio crossed by anaerobic fermentation is less than 20:1, then
Add organic matter decomposing inoculant, mix homogeneously, carry out aerobic fermentation, turn over during aerobic fermentation
Heap to windrow temperature rises to 60～80 DEG C and is persistently not less than 7 days, and pH value is not less than around here
8.5, when continuation fermentation to temperature is between 45～50 DEG C, regulation pH value is 7～8.5, continues
Ferment to windrow temperature less than 45 DEG C；
D, ageing: will be after aerobic fermentation, the temperature windrow stacking less than 45 DEG C carries out old
Changing at least 20 days, get product chitin fertilizer；
Described organic matter decomposing inoculant contains aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and yeast,
Wherein aspergillus niger, sporeformer, actinomycetes and saccharomycetic bacterium number ratio are 1～5:50:1～5:
1～10, the addition of described organic matter decomposing inoculant is that concentration is more than 500,000/gram raw materials.
The preparation method of a kind of chitin fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is special
The fineness levying the Crustacean raw material after being pulverizing was the screen cloth less than 6mm.
The preparation method of a kind of chitin fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy be the described Deshi Lactobacillus that high temperature resistant acid-producing bacteria is Lactobacillus or other can be in
The acid-producing bacteria of more than 50 DEG C breedings.
The preparation method of a kind of chitin fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be in described step c that regulating windrow carbon-nitrogen ratio is to adjust with carbamide, ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate
Joint.
The preparation method of a kind of chitin fertilizer the most according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be in step c to regulate pH value calcium superphosphate or organic acid regulation.
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| CN104961571B (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2018-06-22 | 贵州地宝生物科技有限公司 | Chitin organic fertilizer produced using feces of livestock and poultry and shrimp and crab shells and preparation method thereof |
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