CN109081333A - 一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法 - Google Patents
一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109081333A CN109081333A CN201711265269.2A CN201711265269A CN109081333A CN 109081333 A CN109081333 A CN 109081333A CN 201711265269 A CN201711265269 A CN 201711265269A CN 109081333 A CN109081333 A CN 109081333A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- doped graphene
- fluorin doped
- electrochemical stripping
- graphite
- stripping prepares
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- -1 anion fluoride Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoromethane acid Natural products FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021397 glassy carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(4-hydroxy-3-prop-2-enylphenyl)propan-2-yl]-2-prop-2-enylphenol Chemical group C1=C(CC=C)C(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C(CC=C)=C1 QGHDLJAZIIFENW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[K+] NROKBHXJSPEDAR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical group [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IBZJNLWLRUHZIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-3-methyl-2h-imidazole Chemical compound CCN1CN(C)C=C1 IBZJNLWLRUHZIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(=O)C(C#N)=C(C#N)C1=O HZNVUJQVZSTENZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001495 sodium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical group C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000255964 Pieridae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013081 microcrystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000003270 potassium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011698 potassium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- SZKKNEOUHLFYNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC#N SZKKNEOUHLFYNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- MLRCLPRHEOPXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC#N MLRCLPRHEOPXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004630 atomic force microscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium-3-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C(=O)O)(C(F)(F)F)CCN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 BLIQUJLAJXRXSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OJOWXSLGSMTXEO-UHFFFAOYSA-H [Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] Chemical compound [Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[Mn](=O)(=O)([O-])F.[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+] OJOWXSLGSMTXEO-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012983 electrochemical energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003682 fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical class [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/36—Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2204/00—Structure or properties of graphene
- C01B2204/04—Specific amount of layers or specific thickness
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2204/00—Structure or properties of graphene
- C01B2204/20—Graphene characterized by its properties
- C01B2204/22—Electronic properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2204/00—Structure or properties of graphene
- C01B2204/20—Graphene characterized by its properties
- C01B2204/32—Size or surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/03—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/01—Particle morphology depicted by an image
- C01P2004/04—Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,属于石墨烯材料的可控制备及其掺杂控制技术领域。本发明以阴离子含氟元素的可溶性盐为剥离用电解质,水或腈为溶剂,石墨为原料,采用电化学剥离法一步制备得到氟掺杂石墨烯纳米片。该制备方法具有绿色环保、设备简单、操作方便、条件温和、成本低廉且工艺易于放大的优点,制备的氟掺杂石墨烯质量高,性能好,在超级电容器、锂电池、润滑、导电油墨和催化等领域有着重要的应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于石墨烯材料的可控制备及其掺杂控制技术领域,具体涉及一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法。
背景技术
石墨烯是一种单层或少量层数(<10层)碳的二维结构材料。由于石墨烯具有原子级厚度、高导电性、优异的电学性能、出色的化学和热力学稳定性等,使其在纳米电子学、新能源储能、催化、吸附及环境保护等领域有着重要的应用前景,并已成为国际材料科学研究热点。到目前为止,已发展出了多种制备石墨烯的方法,如:机械剥离法;化学气相沉积法;溶剂剥离法;氧化-还原法和电化学剥离法等。研究已经证明通过引入杂原子(如N,B,S等)掺杂石墨烯材料可以显著改变其电子结构,比如,氟掺杂可有效调节石墨烯带隙,从而进一步改变和提高其在电化学储能和催化等方面的性能。
现有对石墨烯进行氟化处理的方法,如中国专利CN 103738958 A报道了一种一步合成氟掺杂石墨烯纳米片的方法,将含氟高分子材料放入刚玉坩埚中,并将刚玉坩埚移入到高温炉中,在气体氛围下,控制升温速率并于300-900℃反应温度条件下烧结1-8小时,从而获得氟掺杂石墨烯产品;另外,有文献提到的二氟化氙(Phys.Rev.B:Condens.Matter,2010,82,073403.)、六氟化硫(J.Nanosci.Nanotechnol.,2013,13,1331–1334.)或者直接用氟气与石墨烯或氧化石墨烯反应或者用高氧化态的过渡金属含氟络合物的盐(如六氟合铅酸钾、六氟合锰酸钾、六氟合镍酸钾或六氟合银酸钾)在无水氢氟酸的环境下与石墨烯反应制备得到氟化石墨烯(J.Power Sources,2004,137,80–87.)。
这些合成氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,原料用量大,所需温度高,增加了生产成本;特别是这些含氟化合物本身就具有极大的毒性,或者反应过程中产生剧毒含氟物质,不利于产业化推广。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种绿色环保,设备简单,操作方便,条件温和,重复性好,成本低廉且工艺易于放大的氟掺杂石墨烯的制备方法。
本发明一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,通过以下步骤实现:
以阴离子含氟元素的盐的水溶液或腈溶液为电解液,石墨为原料连接直流电源的正极,一种导电材料作为对电极连接直流电源的负极,常温常压条件下,施加合适的槽电压进行电化学剥离,剥离产物经洗涤、超声分散得到氟掺杂石墨烯浆料,再经干燥得到氟掺杂石墨烯粉体。
所述步骤中的阴离子含氟元素的盐包括:含氟无机盐,如氟化钠、氟化钾、氟化铵、四氟硼酸钠、四氟硼酸铵、四氟硼酸锂、双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺锂、六氟磷酸钾中的一种或几种但不局限于这几种;
含氟有机盐,如含氟的1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺盐、N-丁基-N-甲基哌啶双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺盐、N-丁基-N-甲基吡咯烷双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺盐中的一种或几种,但不局限于这几种;
所述盐的水或腈溶液的浓度为0.01-10mol/L,优选浓度为0.1-5mol/L。
所述步骤中的石墨为天然鳞片石墨、微晶石墨、人造石墨、高定向热解石墨、石墨棒或石墨纸中的一种或几种。
所述步骤中的腈为丙烯腈、己二腈以及烷基腈,如乙腈,丙腈、丁腈、十一腈或十四腈中的一种或几种,所述烷基链长为C1~C14。
所述步骤中的对电极材料为石墨、玻璃碳、铂、金、银、镍、铝、铜、铁或锌中的一种或几种。
所述步骤中施加的槽电压为1~30V,优选电压5-15V。
所述步骤中的剥离反应温度为0~100℃,优选环境温度为5-50℃。
所述步骤中的剥离反应时间为1min-48h,优选剥离时间为15min-4h。
所述步骤中的洗涤方式为离心、抽滤和透析等方法中的一种或几种。
所述步骤中的石墨电极与对电极的面积比为0.1-10。
所述步骤中的干燥方式为自然晾干、常压加热干燥、真空干燥、喷雾干燥或冷冻干燥中的一种或几种。
所述步骤中的所得的大小范围为1-100μm,优选大小为1-20μm。
所述步骤中的所得表面氟元素的含量为0.1-10at%,优选含量为氟掺杂量为0.1~3at%。
本发明提出了一种绿色的电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,以阴离子含氟的盐的水或腈类溶液为电解液,通过电化学剥离石墨的方法,一步合成氟掺杂石墨烯。制备的氟掺杂石墨烯展现了优异的化学性能,可广泛应用于超级电容器、电池、润滑、导电油墨和催化等领域。
本发明的制备方法避免了原有技术所需原料毒性大,操作过程危险性大等缺点;是一种绿色环保,设备简单,操作方便,条件温和,重复性好,成本低廉且工艺易于放大的氟掺杂石墨烯纳米片的制备方法。本发明制得的产品质量高,性能好,应用范围广泛。
附图说明
图1是实施例1制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的粉体图。
图2是实施例1制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的扫描电镜照片。
图3是实施例1制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的透射电镜照片。
图4是实施例1制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的原子力显微镜照片。
图5是以实施例1制备的氟掺杂石墨烯组装的超级电容器的伏安循环曲线。
图6是以实施例1制备的氟掺杂石墨烯组装的超级电容器的恒电流充放电曲线。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明方法作详细说明,本实施例在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
在电解池中加入四氟硼酸铵的水溶液(0.5mol/L),然后以石墨纸连接直流电源的正极,以玻璃碳电极连接直流电源的负极,使石墨电极和玻璃碳电极浸入电解质溶液的面积比为0.5,两电极相距1cm。施加10V的槽电压,室温下剥离1h,反应产物经过滤洗涤,在水中超声15min得到氟掺杂石墨烯的浆料,浆料通过冷冻干燥得到氟掺杂石墨烯的粉体。制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的粉体图如图1所示,约为1.8g的粉体,说明该方法可以放大,规模化生产氟掺杂石墨烯;制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的扫描电镜照片如图2所示,制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的透射电镜照片如图3所示,所得纳米片的大小约为1-10μm;制备的氟掺杂石墨烯的原子力显微镜照片如图4所示,从原子力显微镜可以看出纳米片的厚度约为两个纳米,层数约为三层;经X射线光电子能谱分析氟含量为3at%,;对称性超级电容器测试得到:在扫描速率为5mV/s时,电极材料的比容量可以达到170F/g(如图5);在电流密度为0.75A/g时,电极材料的比容量可以达到200F/g(如图6)。
实施例2
在电解池中加入四乙基铵四氟硼酸盐的水溶液(0.1mol/L),然后以石墨棒连接直流电源的正极,以铜电极连接直流电源的负极,使石墨电极和铜电极浸入电解质溶液的面积比为1,两电极相距1cm。施加15V的槽电压,室温下剥离1.5h,反应产物经过滤洗涤,在水中超声15min得到氟掺杂石墨烯的浆料,浆料通过冷冻干燥得到氟掺杂石墨烯的粉体。经分析测试可知,纳米片大小为1-30μm,氟含量为5%,电极材料的比容量可以达到150F/g。
实施例3
在电解池中加入四氟硼酸钠的水溶液(0.1mol/L),然后以石墨纸连接直流电源的正极,以铂片电极连接直流电源的负极,使石墨电极和铂片电极浸入电解质溶液的面积比为0.25,两电极相距1cm。施加10V的槽电压,室温下剥离30min,反应产物经过滤洗涤,在水中超声15min得到氟掺杂石墨烯的浆料。经分析测试可知,纳米片大小为1-40μm,氟含量为0.1%,电极材料的比容量可以达到120F/g。
实施例4
在电解池中加入1-乙基-3甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐的乙腈溶液(10mol/L),然后以石墨纸连接直流电源的正极,以玻璃碳电极连接直流电源的负极,使石墨电极和玻璃碳电极浸入电解质溶液的面积比为2,两电极相距1cm。施加2V的槽电压,室温下剥离12h,反应产物经过滤洗涤,在水中超声15min得到氟掺杂石墨烯的浆料,浆料通过喷雾干燥得到氟掺杂石墨烯的粉体,经分析测试可知,纳米片大小为1-50μm,氟含量为9%,电极材料的比容量可以达到170F/g。
实施例5
在电解池中加入1-乙基-3甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐的乙腈溶液(10mol/L),然后以高定向热解石墨连接直流电源的正极,以铂片电极连接直流电源的负极,使石墨电极和玻璃碳电极浸入电解质溶液的面积比为0.1,两电极相距1cm。施加30V的槽电压,室温下剥离5min,反应产物经过滤洗涤,在水中超声15min得到氟掺杂石墨烯的浆料,浆料通过喷雾干燥得到氟掺杂石墨烯的粉体,经分析测试可知,纳米片大小为1-50μm,氟含量为10%,电极材料的比容量可以达到200F/g。
实施例6
在电解池中加入六氟磷酸钾的水溶液(0.01mol/L),然后以石墨棒连接直流电源的正极,以玻璃碳电极连接直流电源的负极,使石墨电极和铂电极浸入电解质溶液的面积比为10,两电极相距2cm。施加30V的槽电压,室温下剥离48h,反应产物经过滤洗涤,在水中超声15min得到氟掺杂石墨烯的浆料,经分析测试可知,纳米片大小约1-50μm,氟含量为8at%,电极材料的比容量可以达到180F/g。
Claims (13)
1.一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于包括以下步骤:以阴离子含氟元素的盐的水溶液或腈溶液为电解液,石墨为原料连接直流电源的正极,一种导电材料作为对电极连接直流电源的负极,常温常压条件下,施加合适的槽电压进行电化学剥离,剥离产物经洗涤、超声分散得到氟掺杂石墨烯浆料,再经干燥得到氟掺杂石墨烯纳米片粉体。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:阴离子含氟元素的盐包括:含氟无机盐或含氟有机盐;
所述含氟无机盐为氟化钠、氟化钾、氟化铵、四氟硼酸钠、四氟硼酸铵、四氟硼酸锂、双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺锂或六氟磷酸钾中的一种或几种;
所述含氟有机盐为含氟的1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸盐、1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺盐、N-丁基-N-甲基哌啶双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺盐或N-丁基-N-甲基吡咯烷双(三氟甲烷磺酰)亚胺盐中的一种或几种,
所述盐的水或腈溶液的浓度为0.01-10mol/L。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:所述石墨为天然鳞片石墨、微晶石墨、人造石墨、高定向热解石墨、石墨棒或石墨纸中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:所述腈为丙烯腈、己二腈以及烷基腈,如乙腈,丙腈、丁腈、十一腈或十四腈中的一种或几种,所述烷基链长为C1~C14。
5.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:所述对电极材料为石墨、玻璃碳、铂、金、银、镍、铝、铜、铁或锌中的一种或几种。
6.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:施加的槽电压为1~30V。
7.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:剥离反应温度为0~100℃。
8.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:剥离反应时间为1min~48h。
9.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:洗涤方式为离心、抽滤和透析等方法中的一种或几种。
10.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:石墨电极与对电极的面积比为0.1~10:1。
11.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:干燥方式为自然晾干、常压加热干燥、真空干燥、喷雾干燥或冷冻干燥中的一种或几种。
12.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:所得石墨烯纳米片的大小范围为1-100μm;氟掺杂量为0.1~10at%。
13.如权利要求1所述一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法,其特征在于:所得纳米片表面氟元素的含量为0.5-10at%。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711265269.2A CN109081333A (zh) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | 一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711265269.2A CN109081333A (zh) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | 一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN109081333A true CN109081333A (zh) | 2018-12-25 |
Family
ID=64839548
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711265269.2A Pending CN109081333A (zh) | 2017-12-05 | 2017-12-05 | 一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN109081333A (zh) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109607521A (zh) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-04-12 | 宁波石墨烯创新中心有限公司 | 一种掺杂石墨烯材料及其制备方法和应用 |
CN110980706A (zh) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 陕西理工大学 | 一种双石墨电极电化学剥离制备硼掺杂石墨烯的方法 |
JPWO2021002482A1 (zh) * | 2019-06-29 | 2021-01-07 | ||
CN114464872A (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-10 | 西安交通大学 | 一种表面掺杂卤素的锑纳米片在锂离子电池中的应用 |
CN114477155A (zh) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种多孔石墨烯/片层石墨烯复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN114560462A (zh) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 济南大学 | 一种氮氯共掺杂石墨烯的制备方法 |
CN115367742A (zh) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-11-22 | 济南大学 | 一种双卤素原子掺杂石墨烯的制备方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102465309A (zh) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-23 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 一种石墨烯制备方法 |
CN102923697A (zh) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-13 | 中南大学 | 一种电化学阴极剥离制备石墨烯储能材料的方法 |
CN105152164A (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-16 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种石墨烯薄片的制备方法 |
CN106654300A (zh) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 一种电化学溶胀石墨制备单分散金属原子/石墨烯复合材料的方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-12-05 CN CN201711265269.2A patent/CN109081333A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102465309A (zh) * | 2010-11-10 | 2012-05-23 | 海洋王照明科技股份有限公司 | 一种石墨烯制备方法 |
CN102923697A (zh) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-02-13 | 中南大学 | 一种电化学阴极剥离制备石墨烯储能材料的方法 |
CN105152164A (zh) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-16 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种石墨烯薄片的制备方法 |
CN106654300A (zh) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-10 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 一种电化学溶胀石墨制备单分散金属原子/石墨烯复合材料的方法 |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109607521A (zh) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-04-12 | 宁波石墨烯创新中心有限公司 | 一种掺杂石墨烯材料及其制备方法和应用 |
JPWO2021002482A1 (zh) * | 2019-06-29 | 2021-01-07 | ||
WO2021002482A1 (ja) * | 2019-06-29 | 2021-01-07 | 株式会社仁科マテリアル | 薄片化グラファイトの製造方法 |
JP7403036B2 (ja) | 2019-06-29 | 2023-12-22 | 株式会社仁科マテリアル | 薄片化グラファイトの製造方法 |
CN110980706A (zh) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-10 | 陕西理工大学 | 一种双石墨电极电化学剥离制备硼掺杂石墨烯的方法 |
CN114477155A (zh) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-13 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种多孔石墨烯/片层石墨烯复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN114477155B (zh) * | 2020-10-27 | 2023-11-10 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种多孔石墨烯/片层石墨烯复合材料及其制备方法与应用 |
CN114464872A (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-10 | 西安交通大学 | 一种表面掺杂卤素的锑纳米片在锂离子电池中的应用 |
CN114464872B (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-08-29 | 西安交通大学 | 一种表面掺杂卤素的锑纳米片在锂离子电池中的应用 |
CN114560462A (zh) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-31 | 济南大学 | 一种氮氯共掺杂石墨烯的制备方法 |
CN115367742A (zh) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-11-22 | 济南大学 | 一种双卤素原子掺杂石墨烯的制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN109081333A (zh) | 一种电化学剥离制备氟掺杂石墨烯的方法 | |
CN102923697B (zh) | 一种电化学阴极剥离制备石墨烯储能材料的方法 | |
Wu et al. | Design a novel kind of open-ended carbon sphere for a highly effective counter electrode catalyst in dye-sensitized solar cells | |
Aghazadeh et al. | Electrosynthesis of highly porous NiO nanostructure through pulse cathodic electrochemical deposition: heat-treatment (PCED-HT) method with excellent supercapacitive performance | |
Aboagye et al. | Electrospun carbon nanofibers with surface-attached platinum nanoparticles as cost-effective and efficient counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells | |
Chen et al. | Microwave–hydrothermal crystallization of polymorphic MnO2 for electrochemical energy storage | |
Huo et al. | A high performance cobalt sulfide counter electrode for dye-sensitized solar cells | |
CN103201216B (zh) | 一种碳包覆氧化石墨烯复合材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
Yen et al. | Metal-free, nitrogen-doped graphene used as a novel catalyst for dye-sensitized solar cell counter electrodes | |
Miao et al. | Highly crystalline graphene/carbon black composite counter electrodes with controllable content: Synthesis, characterization and application in dye-sensitized solar cells | |
Jelyani et al. | Treated carbon felt as electrode material in vanadium redox flow batteries: a study of the use of carbon nanotubes as electrocatalyst | |
CN103035409B (zh) | 石墨烯复合电极及其制备方法和应用 | |
Kim et al. | Electrochemical properties of porous carbon black layer as an electron injector into iodide redox couple | |
Gopi et al. | Facile fabrication of highly efficient carbon nanotube thin film replacing CuS counter electrode with enhanced photovoltaic performance in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells | |
Aghazadeh et al. | A facile route to preparation of Co 3 O 4 nanoplates and investigation of their charge storage ability as electrode material for supercapacitors | |
CN103326007B (zh) | 三维石墨烯基二氧化锡复合材料的制备方法及其应用 | |
CN102569736B (zh) | 碳包覆氧化石墨烯复合材料及其制备方法与应用 | |
CN109306498B (zh) | 一种二维超薄二硫化铌纳米片的制备方法及产品和应用 | |
CN105609720B (zh) | 一种NiPC@CNTs/S复合材料的制备方法与应用 | |
Wang et al. | Design bifunctional nitrogen doped flexible carbon sphere electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell and supercapacitor | |
Chen et al. | High-performance and low-cost dye-sensitized solar cells based on kesterite Cu2ZnSnS4 nanoplate arrays on a flexible carbon cloth cathode | |
Nan et al. | Economically synthesized NiCo2S4/reduced graphene oxide composite as efficient counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cell | |
CN107045948B (zh) | NaxMnO2正极材料、制备方法及其应用 | |
Jia et al. | High-performance molybdenum diselenide electrodes used in dye-sensitized solar cells and supercapacitors | |
CN109659521A (zh) | 一种高性能钠离子电池五氧化二钒/石墨烯复合正极材料的制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20181225 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |