CN109069368A - 亲水性硅烷 - Google Patents
亲水性硅烷 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109069368A CN109069368A CN201780023302.2A CN201780023302A CN109069368A CN 109069368 A CN109069368 A CN 109069368A CN 201780023302 A CN201780023302 A CN 201780023302A CN 109069368 A CN109069368 A CN 109069368A
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- composition
- acid
- alkyl
- oil
- powder
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- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 26
- BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silane Chemical compound [SiH4] BLRPTPMANUNPDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 25
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 212
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N meso ribitol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Xylitol Natural products OCCC(O)C(O)C(O)CCO TVXBFESIOXBWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000003976 glyceryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(O[H])([H])C(O[H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 125000003147 glycosyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 polysiloxanes Polymers 0.000 claims description 153
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000516 sunscreening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002195 soluble material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000475 sunscreen effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 79
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 62
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 47
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 39
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 35
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 33
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 32
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 29
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 26
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 23
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 22
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 17
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 16
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 15
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 14
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 14
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 13
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxymethyl Chemical compound O[CH2] CBOIHMRHGLHBPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 12
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 11
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 11
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 11
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylglycine Chemical compound CN(C)CC(O)=O FFDGPVCHZBVARC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 10
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 10
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 10
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 9
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N eugenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CC=C)=CC=C1O RRAFCDWBNXTKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- HSVDGMYRFLHPMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-benzylidene-7,7-dimethyl-3-oxo-4-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl)methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1(C)C2CCC1(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C2=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HSVDGMYRFLHPMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- OBSLWIKITOYASJ-AZEWMMITSA-N (2r,3s,4s,5r,6s)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(methylamino)oxane-2,4,5-triol Chemical compound CN[C@@H]1[C@H](O)O[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O OBSLWIKITOYASJ-AZEWMMITSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000005018 aryl alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 238000006459 hydrosilylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 6
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000490 cinnamyl group Chemical group C(C=CC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 description 5
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000006210 lotion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
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- 125000004417 unsaturated alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- 229940043810 zinc pyrithione Drugs 0.000 description 5
- PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;1-oxidopyridine-2-thione Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S.[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 4
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000003542 3-methylbutan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- PORQOHRXAJJKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dichloro-2-n-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN1SC(Cl)=C(Cl)C1=O PORQOHRXAJJKGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chavibetol Natural products COC1=CC=C(CC=C)C=C1O NPBVQXIMTZKSBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005770 Eugenol Substances 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000017858 Laurus nobilis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000289 Polyquaternium Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pseudoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C(C)=C)=CC=C1O UVMRYBDEERADNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 4
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- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- VNTDZUDTQCZFKN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc 2,2-dimethyloctanoate Chemical compound [Zn++].CCCCCCC(C)(C)C([O-])=O.CCCCCCC(C)(C)C([O-])=O VNTDZUDTQCZFKN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- GAWWVVGZMLGEIW-GNNYBVKZSA-L zinc ricinoleate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O GAWWVVGZMLGEIW-GNNYBVKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dodecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GPYYEEJOMCKTPR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GBFLQPIIIRJQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;tetradecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GBFLQPIIIRJQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N β-1,4-galactotrioside Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](CO)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H](O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-BYLHFPJWSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
- C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
- C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
- C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
- C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/19—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing inorganic ingredients
- A61K8/27—Zinc; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/58—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or phosphorus
- A61K8/585—Organosilicon compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
- A61Q17/04—Topical preparations for affording protection against sunlight or other radiation; Topical sun tanning preparations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/5403—Silicon-containing compounds containing no other elements than carbon or hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
- C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
- C09C1/04—Compounds of zinc
- C09C1/043—Zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D183/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D183/04—Polysiloxanes
- C09D183/06—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2800/00—Properties of cosmetic compositions or active ingredients thereof or formulation aids used therein and process related aspects
- A61K2800/80—Process related aspects concerning the preparation of the cosmetic composition or the storage or application thereof
- A61K2800/94—Involves covalent bonding to the substrate
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种组合物,该组合物包含:具有式(I)(I)X‑A‑Z的有机硅烷的组合物,其中X为‑SiR4 nR2 (3‑n),其中各个R4独立地为OR1或卤素,其中各R1独立地为氢或C1‑4烃基和各个R2独立地为C1‑4烃基,并且n为1至3,A为C1‑10亚烃基,其中亚烃基的主链被一个或多个氧原子、一个或多个氮原子、或羰基取代,Z为糖基、单甘油基、二甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇基,并且其中组合物为个人护理组合物、表面处理组合物、防雾组合物、涂料组合物、表面处理过的粉末、涂漆组合物或油墨组合物。
Description
相关申请的交叉引用
根据美国法典第35篇第119(e)节的规定,本申请要求提交于2016年4月27日的美国临时专利申请号62/328129的权益。美国临时专利申请号62/328129据此以引用方式并入本文。
技术领域
本发明一般涉及包含有机硅烷的组合物,其中组合物为个人护理组合物、表面处理组合物、防雾组合物、涂料组合物、表面处理组合物、涂漆组合物或油墨组合物。本发明还涉及用表面处理组合物处理表面的方法和处理过的表面。
背景技术
硅烷已通过包括直接方法、氢化硅烷化和Grignard反应在内的各种方法来制备。硅烷具有多种已知用途。例如,它们可用作制备弹性体、聚合物和树脂作为偶联剂的单体,用于各种组合物如洗涤剂、家用和个人护理制剂的添加剂,以及用作使表面亲水的表面处理剂。一些硅烷在多种应用中具有多种用途。
用于处理表面以使表面亲水的硅烷具有结合到硅烷的硅原子的已知亲水性基团。这些亲水性基团的示例为聚环氧乙烷和聚环氧丙烷。然而,聚环氧乙烷和聚环氧丙烷具有一些不需要的特性。类似地,包含具有聚环氧乙烷和聚环氧丙烷的硅烷的组合物也具有不需要的特性或不提供期望的性能特性。
我们看到在工业中长期需要包含不具有聚环氧乙烷或聚环氧丙烷的有机硅烷的组合物。我们认为不包含聚环氧乙烷或聚环氧丙烷但具有亲水性基团的有机硅烷可提供更大的制剂宽容度以提供更好的相容性,并且可具有改善的化妆品、油漆、油墨、表面处理、皮肤护理、防晒、毛发护理、防雾、和涂料组合物。此外,我们认为需要硅烷使表面亲水和/或改善表面处理粉末在诸如水性组合物的组合物中的分散性。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种包含具有式(I)X-A-Z的有机硅烷的组合物,其中X为-SiR4 nR2 (3-n),其中各个R4独立地为OR1或卤素,其中各R1独立地为氢或C1-4烃基和各个R2独立地为C1-4烃基,并且n为1至3,A为C1-10亚烃基,其中亚烃基的主链被一个或多个氧原子、一个或多个氮原子、或羰基取代,Z为糖基、单甘油基、二甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇基,并且其中组合物为个人护理组合物、表面处理组合物、防雾组合物、涂料组合物、表面处理过的粉末、涂漆组合物或油墨组合物。
一种用处理组合物处理表面的方法。
本发明的组合物呈现表面亲水性、提供改善的粉末的分散性、透明性、UV保护、接触角等性质。处理表面的方法使得表面亲水。
具体实施方式
以引用的方式将发明内容和说明书摘要并入本文。下文进一步描述上文概述的发明实施方案、用途和优点。
本文中使用各种常见的规则来描述本发明的多个方面。例如,所有的物质状态都是在25℃和101.3kPa下测定,除非另外指明。所有%均按重量计,除非另外指明或指示。除非另外指明,否则所有%值均基于用于合成或制备组合物的所有成分的总量,所述总量合计为100%。在其中包括属和亚属的任何马库什群组包括属中的亚属,例如,在“R为烃基或烯基”中,R可以为烯基,或者R可以为烃基,其除了别的亚属外包括烯基。对于美国的实务,本文引用的所有美国专利申请公布和专利或者其一部分(如果仅引用该部分的话)据此在并入的主题不与本说明书相冲突的程度上以引用的方式并入本文,在任何这种冲突的情况下,应以本说明书为准。
本文中使用各种专利术语来描述本发明的多个方面。例如,“另选地”表示不同的和有区别的实施方案。“比较例”意指非发明实验。“包含”及其变型(包括、含有)是开放式的。“由…组成”及其变型是封闭式的。“接触”意指形成物理接触。“可”提供一个选择,而不是必要的。“任选地”意指不存在或者存在。
本文中使用各种化学术语来描述本发明的多个方面。所述术语的含义对应于它们由IUPAC公布的定义,除非本文中另有定义。为了方便起见,对某些化学术语进行了定义。
术语“卤素”意指氟、氯、溴或碘,除非另有定义。
术语“IUPAC”是指国际理论化学与应用化学联合会(International Union ofPure and Applied Chemistry)。
“元素周期表”意指IUPAC在2011年公布的版本。
一种组合物,该组合物包含:具有式(I)X-A-Z的有机硅烷的组合物,其中X为-SiR4 nR2 (3-n),其中各个R4独立地为OR1或卤素,其中各R1独立地为氢或C1-4烃基和各个R2独立地为C1-4烃基,并且n为1至3,A为C1-10亚烃基,其中亚烃基的主链被一个或多个氧原子、一个或多个氮原子、或羰基取代,Z为糖基、单甘油基、二甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇基取代,并且其中组合物为个人护理组合物、涂漆组合物、表面处理组合物、防雾组合物、涂料组合物、表面处理过的粉末或油墨组合物。
该组合物包含:具有式(I)X-A-Z的有机硅烷的组合物,其中X为-SiR4 nR2 (3-n),其中各个R4独立地为OR1或卤素,其中各R1独立地为氢或C1-4烃基和各个R2独立地为C1-4烃基,并且n为1至3,A为C1-10亚烃基,其中亚烃基的主链被一个或多个氧原子、一个或多个氮原子、或羰基取代,Z为糖基、单甘油基、二甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇基。由R1和R2表示的烃基通常具有1至10个碳原子、或者1至6个碳原子、或者1至4个碳原子、或者1至3个碳原子、或者1或2个碳原子、或者2至6个碳原子、或者2或3个碳原子。含有至少三个碳原子的无环烃基基团可具有支链或非支链的结构。烃基的示例包括但不限于:烷基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基和癸基;环烷基,诸如环戊基、环己基和甲基环己基;芳基,如苯基和萘基;烷芳基,诸如甲苯基和二甲苯基;芳烷基,如苄基和苯乙基;烯基(诸如乙烯基、烯丙基和丙烯基);芳烯基,如苯乙烯基和肉桂基;以及炔基(诸如乙炔基和丙炔基)。
由A表示的亚烃基通常具有1至10个碳原子、或者2至10个碳原子、或者1至6个碳原子、或者2至6个碳原子、或者1至3个碳原子、或者2或3个碳原子、或者3至10个碳原子、或者3至6个碳原子、或者3个碳原子、或者6个碳原子、或者10个碳原子。亚烃基的主链被取代,并且取代基包括一个或多个氧原子、一个或多个氮原子、或羰基。除了主链的取代之外,由A表示的亚烃基可进一步被取代。
关于亚烃基主链的“取代的”是指碳主链的一个碳被除碳或一个或两个羰基以外的一个或多个原子,或者O、N、或羰基中的一个或多个,或者O、N、羰基、-NC(O)N-、-NC(O)O-或–C(O)O-,或者O、N、羰基、-NC(O)N-、-NC(O)O取代,取代可在碳链内或在碳链的末端。例如,包含3个碳原子并被氧取代的亚烃基包括但不限于以下结构:-CH2CH2CH2O-和-CH2OCH2CH2-,以及具有一个碳原子且被氧取代的亚烃基是指–CH2O-。
除取代亚烃基的主链外,“取代的”是指烃基或亚烃基的氢原子被除氢或碳以外的基团或原子,或者羟基、胺或氧取代,其中氧是羰基的一部分。
含有至少三个碳原子的无环亚烃基可具有支化或非支化结构,其中亚烃基的主链被烃基取代并由A表示的示例包括但不限于通过从烷烃中除去两个氢原子形成的二基,诸如甲烷(例如1,1-甲烷-二基)、乙烷、丙烷、1-甲基乙烷、丁烷、1-甲基丙烷、2-甲基丙烷、1,1-二甲基乙烷、戊烷、1-甲基丁烷、1-乙基丙烷、2-甲基丁烷、3-甲基丁烷、1,2-二甲基丙烷、2,2-二甲基丙烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷和癸烷;环烷烃,诸如环戊烷(例如1,3-环戊烷-二基)、环己烷和甲基环己烷;芳烃,诸如苯和萘;烷烃,诸如甲苯和二甲苯;烯烃,诸如乙烷、丙烯、苯基丁烷;芳烯烃,诸如苯乙烯和3-苯基-2-丙烯;和炔烃,诸如乙炔和丙炔,并且其中一个或多个,或者1至3个,或者1或2个亚烃基主链的碳被O、N、羰基、-NC(O)N-或-NC(O)O取代;并且还包括丁子香酚、–(CH2)aCH2O-、-(CH2)aCH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2-,其中a为0至6,或者1至3,或者2。
由Z表示的基团包括但不限于糖基、单甘油基、二甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇基。糖基团可以是连接在一起的由化学式C6H12O6表示的一个或多个糖基团。由Z表示的糖基团的示例包括但不限于N-甲基葡糖胺(例如,(2R,3R,4R,5S)-6-(甲氨基)己烷-1,2,3,4,5-戊醇)和葡萄糖(例如D-葡萄糖),其中Z通过氮或氧原子与A键合和/或连接。在一个实施方案中,糖基团是N-甲基葡糖胺,其中该基团是通过氮原子键合和/或连接到A。由Z表示的单甘油、二甘油和聚甘油基团包括一个(在单甘油的情况下)、两个(在二甘油的情况下)、或更多通过氧原子连接的甘油单元。
单甘油、二甘油或聚甘油基团由Glya代表,其中Gly是R3CH2CH(R3)CH2R3,其中每个R3独立地代表羟基,与A连接的氧原子,或与另一个Gly单元连接的氧原子,并且a是≥1的整数,或者2至6,或者2或3,或者2,或者3。在一个实施方案中,Glya代表-OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH、-OCH2CH(OH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH、-OCH(CH2OCH2CH(OH)CHOH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH或-O(C3H6O2)bH,其中b为大于或等于1,或者2至8,或者2至6,或者2或3,或者2,或者3,或者Glya代表--OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH、OCH2CH(OH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH或-OCH(CH2OCH2CH(OH)CHOH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH。
木糖醇基由Xyl表示,其中Xyl是CH2(R5)CH(R5)CH2C(H)(R5)CH2R5,其中每个R5独立地代表羟基或将Xyl连接到A的氧原子。木糖醇基的示例是–OCH2CH(OH)CH2CH(OH)CH2(OH)。
由X表示的基团是–SiR4 nR2 (3-n),其中每个R4独立地为OR1或卤素,其中每个R1独立地为氢或C1-10烃基,并且每个R2独立地为C1-10烃基,并且n为1至3,或者2或3,或者2,或者3,或者1。含有至少三个碳原子的无环烃基基团可具有支链或非支链的结构。由R1表示的烃基基团的示例包括但不限于烷基,诸如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基和癸基;环烷基,诸如环戊基、环己基和甲基环己基;芳基,如苯基和萘基;烷芳基,诸如甲苯基和二甲苯基;芳烷基,诸如苄基和苯乙基;烯基(诸如乙烯基、烯丙基和丙烯基);芳烯基,如苯乙烯基和肉桂基;以及炔基(诸如乙炔基和丙炔基)。由R2表示的烃基基团的示例为由以上R1所述的那些。在一个实施方案中,R1与R2相同,其为甲基、或者乙基。
–SiR4 nR2 (3-n)的示例包括但不限于三甲氧基甲硅烷基、三乙氧基甲硅烷基、三丙氧基甲硅烷基、甲基二甲氧基甲硅烷基、乙基二乙氧基甲硅烷基、乙基二甲氧基甲硅烷基、甲基二乙氧基甲硅烷基、二甲基甲氧基甲硅烷基、二乙基二乙氧基甲硅烷基、二乙基甲氧基甲硅烷基、二甲基乙氧基甲硅烷基。
具有式(I),X-A-Z(I)的有机硅烷的示例包括但不限于以下:3-甘油-丙基三甲氧基硅烷,
以及那些其中A-Z是其中c是≥1,或者1-5,或者2-4,或者2,或者3,并且X是三甲氧基甲硅烷基,三乙氧基甲硅烷基,三丙氧基甲硅烷基,甲基二甲氧基甲硅烷基,乙基二乙氧基甲硅烷基,乙基二甲氧基甲硅烷基,甲基二乙氧基甲硅烷基,二甲基甲氧基甲硅烷基,二乙基二乙氧基甲硅烷基,二乙基甲氧基甲硅烷基,或二甲基乙氧基甲硅烷基。
本发明的一个实施方案是包含上述有机硅烷的组合物。关于有机硅烷的“组合物”是有机硅烷本身和一种另外的材料。附加材料的示例包括溶剂,表面活性剂,添加剂,酸,碱,油,润肤剂,蜡,调理剂如阳离子、两性和甜菜碱调理剂,遮光剂,防晒剂和金属氧化物。
一种用于制备有机硅烷的方法,该方法包括:使有机化合物Z1-E1与有机化合物D1-E2在足以使Z1-E1和D1-E2反应的温度和压力下反应以形成F1,其中Z是糖、单甘油基、二甘油、聚甘油或木糖醇基,E1是羟基、胺或包含反应性官能团的有机基团,其中反应性官能团包含羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯,其中D1是包含具有2至12个碳原子的不饱和烃基的有机基团,并且E2是包含羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯的反应性官能团,其中F1是中间体,以及使F1与式Si(OR1)n(R2)3-nH的有机硅烷和氢化硅烷化催化剂反应,其中R1是含1至4个碳原子的烷基,并且R2是含1至4个碳原子的烷基,n是1至3。
Z1表示糖、单甘油基、二甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇基,或者双甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇,或者双甘油、三甘油基、或木糖醇基。由Z1表示的糖如上对于有机硅烷所述。在一个实施方案中,糖是葡萄糖(D-葡萄糖)、果糖或N-甲基葡糖胺,或者N-甲基葡糖胺,或者D-葡萄糖或N-甲基葡糖胺。
由Z1表示的单甘油、二甘油和三甘油基团由式Glya表示,其中Gly是R3CH2CH(R3)CH2R3,其中每个R3独立地代表羟基,与E1连接的氧原子,或与另一个Gly单元连接的氧原子,并且a是≥1的整数,或者a为≥2的整数,或者2至6之间的整数,或者2或3,或者2,或者3。在一个实施方案中,Glya表示-OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH、-OCH2CH(OH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH、-OCH(CH2OCH2CH(OH)CHOH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH或-O(C3H6O2)bH,其中b是大于1,或者大于2,或者2至8,或者2至6,或者2或3,或者2,或者3,或者Glya表示-OCH2CH(OH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH或者-OCH(CH2OCH2CH(OH)CHOH)CH2OCH2CH(OH)CH2OH。
由Z1表示的木糖醇基具有式CH2(R5)CH(R5)CH2C(H)(R5)CH2R5,其中每个R5独立地表示羟基或与E1连接的氧原子。在一个实施方案中,木糖醇基是-OCH2CH(OH)CH2C(H)(OH)CH2OH。
E1是羟基、胺或包含反应性官能团的有机基团,其中反应性官能团包括羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯。由E1表示的胺基通常是伯胺或仲胺,或者是伯胺。与仲胺键合的基团通常是具有1至10个碳原子,或者1至6个碳原子,或者1个碳原子的烃基。仲胺的烃基的示例包括但不限于烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基和癸基;环烷基,诸如环戊基、环己基和甲基环己基;芳基,如苯基和萘基;烷芳基,诸如甲苯基和二甲苯基;芳烷基,诸如苄基和苯乙基;烯基(诸如乙烯基、烯丙基和丙烯基);芳烯基,如苯乙烯基和肉桂基;以及炔基(诸如乙炔基和丙炔基)。
包含由E1表示的反应性官能团的有机基团包括羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯,并且通常包括具有1至10个碳原子,或者1至6个碳原子,或者1至3个碳原子的烃基,其中烃基被羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯取代。包含反应性官能团的有机基团的烃基的示例包括但不限于烷基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基和癸基;环烷基,诸如环戊基、环己基和甲基环己基;芳基,如苯基和萘基;烷芳基,诸如甲苯基和二甲苯基;芳烷基,诸如苄基和苯乙基;烯基(诸如乙烯基、烯丙基和丙烯基);芳烯基,如苯乙烯基和肉桂基;以及炔基(诸如乙炔基和丙炔基)。
包含由E1表示的羟基的有机基团的示例包括但不限于羟烷基,如羟甲基、羟乙基、羟丙基、羟丁基、羟戊基、羟己基、羟基十二烷基。
由包含反应性官能团的有机基团构成的胺如上文E1所定义的。包含反应性官能团的有机基团的环氧乙烷基团为具有环氧乙烷官能团的烃基。如本文所用,“环氧乙烷”是指其中氧原子直接连接到碳链或环系的两个相邻碳原子上的化合物(即三元环醚),并且由以下结构式–CH(O)CH2表示。包含环氧乙烷官能团的有机基团的示例包括,但不限于,烯基氧化物,诸如氧化乙烯基、氧化丙烯基、1-氧化丁烯基、1-氧化戊烯基、1-氧化己烯基、1-氧化庚烯基、1-氧化辛烯基;以及氧化环烯基,如氧化环己烯基。
异氰酸酯基团具有结构-N=C=O,其中异氰酸酯可直接通过氮原子键合或连接到Z1或包含异氰酸酯基团的较大有机基团的部分。包含异氰酸基的有机基团的示例包括烷基异氰酸酯,诸如甲基、乙基、丙基、1-甲基乙基、丁基、1-甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基和癸基,其中烷基被异氰酸酯基团取代;环烷基,诸如环戊基、环己基和甲基环己基,其中环烷基基团被异氰酸酯基团取代;芳基,诸如苯基和萘基,其中芳基基团被异氰酸酯基团取代;烷芳基,诸如甲苯基和二甲苯基,其中烷芳基被异氰酸酯基团取代;芳烷基,诸如苄基和苯乙基,其中芳烷基基团被异氰酸酯基团取代;烯基,诸如乙烯基、烯丙基和丙烯基,其中烯基基团被异氰酸酯基团取代;芳烯基,诸如苯乙烯基和肉桂基,其中芳烯基基团被异氰酸酯基团取代;以及炔基,诸如乙炔基和丙炔基,其中炔基基团被异氰酸酯基团取代。
有机化合物Z1E1的示例包括但不限于2,3-环氧丙基二甘油,2,3-环氧丙基三甘油,2,3-环氧丙基聚甘油,N-2,3-环氧丙基-N-甲基葡糖胺,3-氨基丙基二甘油,3-氨基丙基三甘油,3-氨基丙基聚甘油,N-3-氨基丙基-N-甲基葡糖胺,3-异氰酸根合丙基二甘油,3-异氰酸根合丙基三甘油,3-异氰酸根合丙基聚甘油,N-3-异氰酸根合丙基-N-甲基葡糖胺,甘油,二甘油,三甘油,聚甘油和N-甲基葡糖胺。根据式Z1E1的化合物可商购或使用本领域已知的反应由容易获得的原料合成。例如,合成这些材料的方法可在日本专利申请JP2001-261672A1和JP2004-277548A1中找到,涉及合成根据式Z1E1的化合物的教导的这两篇专利都通过引用并入本文。
D1E2是有机化合物,其中D1是包含具有2-12个碳原子的不饱和烃基的有机基团,并且E2是包含羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯的反应性官能团。由D1表示的有机基团通常包括具有2至12个碳原子,或者2至11个碳原子,或者3至10个碳原子,或者3至6个碳原子,或者3或4个碳原子,或者3个碳原子的不饱和烃基。由D1表示的不饱和烃基的示例包括但不限于烯基,诸如乙烯基、烯丙基和丁烯基;芳烯基,丁香酚,苯乙烯基和肉桂基;以及炔基(诸如乙炔基和丙炔基)。
由E2表示的反应性官能团包含羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯。羟基、胺、环氧乙烷和异氰酸酯基团如上文针对E1所述。
由D1E2表示的化合物的示例包括但不限于烯丙醇,3-丁烯-1-醇,4-戊烯-1-醇,5-己烯-1-醇,6-septen-1-醇,11-十二碳烯-1-醇,丁香酚,3-氨基-1-丙烯,4-氨基-1-丁烯,5-氨基-1-戊烯,6-氨基-1-己烯,6-氨基-1-环己烯,12-氨基-1-十二碳烯,3,4-环氧-1-丁烯,1,2-环氧-5-己烯,1,2-环氧-9-癸烯,异氰酸烯丙酯,1-异氰酸基-3-丁烯,1-异氰酸基-4-戊烯,1-异氰酸基-5-己烯和异氰酸苯酯。由D1E2表示的化合物可商购获得。
中间体F1由Z1E1和D1E2的反应形成。由F1表示的中间体的示例包括但不限于以下化合物:
中间体F1与式Si(OR1)n(R2)3-nH的有机硅烷反应,其中R1是含有1至4个碳原子的烷基,并且R2是含有1至4个碳原子的烷基,n是1至3,或者2或3,或者1,或者2,或者3,和氢化硅烷化催化剂。
由R1表示的烷基基团通常具有1至4个碳原子、或者1或2个碳原子、或者1个碳原子、或者2个碳原子。由R1表示的烃基的示例包括但不限于甲基、乙基、丙基和丁基。由R2表示的烷基基团如对R1所定义。
氢化硅烷化催化剂可以是已知催化含有SiH基团的任何化合物与包含不饱和烃如烯烃或炔烃基团的化合物之间的氢化硅烷化反应的任何催化剂。在一个实施方案中,氢化硅烷化催化剂包含铂。催化剂的示例包括诸如钌、铑、钯、锇、铱等化合物。可用作催化剂的铂化合物的示例包括氯铂酸,铂金属,铂金属负载的载体如铂负载的氧化铝、铂负载的二氧化硅、铂负载的炭黑等。还可使用铂络合物,诸如铂-乙烯基硅氧烷络合物、铂膦络合物、铂-磷酸盐络合物、铂醛酸盐催化剂等。使用有效量的催化剂。如本文所用,在使用铂催化剂的情况下,“有效量的催化剂”通常为0.5ppm至1,000ppm作为铂金属。
由用于制备有机硅烷的方法A形成的有机硅烷化合物的示例包括针对上述式(I)所述的那些。
一种用于制备有机硅烷的方法,该方法包括:使(a)和(b)在足以使(a)和(b)反应的温度和压力下反应:(a)式Si(OR1)n(R2)3-nB1的有机硅烷反应,其中R1是含有1至4个碳原子的烷基,并且R2是含有1至4个碳原子的烷基,n为1至3,并且B1为包含反应性官能团的有机基团,其中反应性官能团包括羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯,以及(b)有机化合物Z1-E1,其中Z为糖、单甘油基、二甘油、聚甘油、丁香酚或木糖醇基,E1为羟基、胺或包含反应性官能团的有机基团,其中反应性官能团包括羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯。
在用于制备有机硅烷的方法B中反应的有机硅烷中由R1和R2表示的基团如上文针对用于制备有机硅烷的方法A所述。
包含由B1表示的反应性基团的有机基团包括但不限于具有1至10个碳原子,或者1至7个碳原子,或者1至3个碳原子的烃基,其中烃基被反应性基团取代。烃基的示例包括:丁香酚,其中非芳族烯烃(即末端不饱和度)被与有机硅烷的硅原子的末端键取代,和烷基,如甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、己基、辛基、和癸基。烃基的主链可被一个或多个下列原子和/或基团取代:氧,氮,羰基,羧基,酰胺和亚脲基,或者,烃基的主链被一个或多个以下原子和/或基团取代:氧,氮,羰基,羧基,酰胺和亚脲基,或者氧,或者氮。
有机基团B1的反应性基团是羟基、胺、环氧乙烷或异氰酸酯。反应性官能团如上述针对用于制备上述有机硅烷的方法A所述。B1可以是式Si(OR1)n(R2)3-nH的有机氢化硅烷与以上D1E2的氢化硅烷化反应产物,其中R1、R2和n如上定义。
有机化合物E1Z1以及基团E1和Z1如以上针对用于制备有机硅烷的方法A所定义。
由用于制备有机硅烷的方法B形成的有机硅烷化合物的示例包括针对上述式(I)所述的那些。
用于制备上述有机硅烷的方法A和B在足以使反应发生的温度下进行。足以使反应发生的温度通常为25℃至300℃,或者35℃至150℃,或者50℃至60℃,或者45℃至100℃。
用于制备上述有机硅烷的方法A和B在足以使反应发生的压力下进行。足以使反应发生的压力通常是指从大气压到大气压以上的压力,或者在大气压下,或者在高于大气压的压力下,或者在0kPa至100kPa表压的压力下,或者在10kPa至100kPa压力下。
用于制备上述有机硅烷的方法A和B在足以使反应发生的时间下进行。本领域技术人员将理解,足以使反应发生的时间随反应的温度和压力而变化。足以使反应发生的时间通常为至少10分钟,或者30分钟至20小时,或者2小时至10小时。
用于制备上述有机硅烷的方法A和B可在通常用于在高温下化学反应的任何反应器中进行,诸如三颈玻璃烧瓶、蒸馏柱、密封管、膜,诸如薄膜或降膜反应器。本领域技术人员将了解如何选择合适的反应器来进行用于制备有机硅烷的方法。
上述和通过制备有机硅烷的方法A或用于制备有机硅烷的方法B的方法制备的式(I)的有机硅烷可用于许多应用中并提供包括但不限于改善的粉末分散性、透光性、防雾和防污涂料。
该组合物是个人护理组合物、表面处理组合物、防雾组合物、涂料组合物、表面处理的粉末、涂漆组合物或油墨组合物。
本发明还提供该组合物是个人护理组合物,其也可描述为个人护理产品或组合物。个人护理组合物包括上述有机硅烷。个人护理组合物可为乳膏、凝胶、粉末、糊或者可自由倒出的液体的形式。一般而言,这种组合物如果在室温下在其中不存在固体材料的话,通常可使用简单的桨式混合机、Brookfield反转混合机或均质混合机在室温下进行制备。通常不需要特殊的设备或加工条件。制备方法将随所制备的形式的类型而不同,但这类方法是本领域公知的。
该个人护理组合物可以对其所施用的身体部分具有美容功能、治疗功能或者这些功能的某些组合。此类产品的常规示例包括但不限于:止汗剂和除臭剂、皮肤护理霜、皮肤护理洗剂、保湿剂、面部处理剂诸如除痤疮剂或除皱剂、个人和面部清洁剂、浴油、香水、古龙香水、香粉、防晒剂、剃须前和剃须后用洗液、剃须皂和剃须泡沫、洗发香波、毛发调理剂、毛发着色剂、毛发松弛剂、发胶、摩丝、凝胶、烫发剂、脱毛剂和角质层包覆剂、化妆品(make-ups)、有色化妆品(color cosmetics)、粉底、遮暇膏、胭脂、唇膏、眼线膏、睫毛膏、去油剂、彩妆去除剂、以及粉剂、药物霜膏、糊剂或喷雾剂,包括抗痤疮剂、牙齿卫生剂、抗生素、愈合促进剂、营养剂等,其可以是预防性的和/或治疗性的。一般来讲,个人护理组合物可用允许以任何常规形式施用的载体配制,常规形式包括但不限于液体、冲洗剂、洗剂、霜膏、糊剂、凝胶、泡沫、摩丝、油膏、喷剂、气溶胶、肥皂、棒、软固体、固体凝胶和凝胶。合适的载体是本领域中所了解的。
该个人护理组合物可用在多种个人、家庭和健康护理应用中或用于多种个人、家庭和健康护理应用。具体地,本公开的个人护理组合物可用于如美国专利号6,051,216、5,919,441、和5,981,680中所述的个人护理产品;WO 2004/060271和WO 2004/060101中所述的个人护理产品中;用于如WO 2004/060276中所述的防晒剂组合物中;用于如WO 03/105801中所述的还含有成膜树脂的化妆品组合物中;用于如美国专利申请公开号2003/0235553、2003/0072730和2003/0170188中,欧洲专利号1,266,647、1,266,648和1,266,653中,WO 03/105789、WO 2004/000247和WO 03/106614中所述的化妆品组合物;用作WO 2004/054523中所述的那些组合物的添加剂;用于如美国专利申请公开号2004/0180032中所述的持久性化妆品组合物;和/或用于如WO 2004/054524中所述的透明或半透明护理和/或化妆品组合物中,所有文献在各种非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。
个人护理组合物可通过标准的方法来使用,诸如使用施用装置、刷子将它们施用到人的身体(例如,皮肤或毛发),通过手来施用,将它们倒出和/或可能地将组合物摩擦或按摩到身体上或者身体内。去除方法(例如有色化妆品的去除方法)也是公知的标准方法,包括洗涤、擦拭、剥离等。对于在皮肤上使用,个人护理组合物可按常规方式使用,例如用于调理皮肤。可将有效量的个人护理组合物涂敷到皮肤上。此类有效量通常为1mg/cm2至3mg/cm2。施用于皮肤通常包括使个人护理组合物透入皮肤中。这个用于施用于皮肤的方法通常包括使皮肤与有效量的个人护理组合物接触以及随后将个人护理组合物摩擦到皮肤中的步骤。这些步骤可按需重复多次以达到所需的有益效果。
个人护理组合物在毛发上的用途可采用常规方式来调理毛发。将有效量的用于调理毛发的个人护理组合物施用到毛发。这种有效量通常为约1g至约50g、通常为约1g至约20g的范围内。施用于毛发通常包括使个人护理组合物透入毛发,使得毛发的大部分或者全部与个人护理组合物接触。这个用于调理毛发的方法通常包括将有效量的用于毛发的个人护理组合物施用于毛发的步骤和然后使个人护理组合物透入毛发的步骤。这些步骤可按需重复多次以达到所需的调理效果。
可配制到个人护理组合物中的添加剂的非限制性示例包括但不限于有机硅、抗氧化剂、清洁剂、着色剂、调理剂、沉积剂、电解质、润肤剂和油、去角质剂、泡沫促进剂、芳香剂、湿润剂、封闭剂、灭虱药、pH控制剂、颜料、防腐剂、杀生物剂、溶剂、稳定剂、防晒剂、悬浮剂、鞣剂、其它表面活性剂、增稠剂、维生素、植物性药物、蜡、流变学改性剂、去屑剂、抗痤疮剂、抗龋剂和伤口愈合促进剂。
该个人护理组合物诸如洗发剂或清洁剂可包含至少一种阴离子去污表面活性剂。这可以是熟知的通常用于洗发剂配方中的阴离子去污表面活性剂的任何一种。这些阴离子去污表面活性剂在洗发剂组合物中可用作清洁剂和发泡剂。阴离子去污表面活性剂的示例为:碱金属磺化蓖麻醇酸盐、脂肪酸的磺化甘油酯(诸如椰子油酸的磺化单甘油酯)、磺化单价醇酯的盐(诸如油基羟乙基磺酸钠)、氨基磺酸的酰胺(诸如油基甲基牛磺酸的钠盐)、脂肪酸腈的磺化产物(诸如棕榈腈磺酸盐)、磺化芳香烃(诸如α-萘单磺酸钠)、萘磺酸与甲醛的缩合产物、八氢蒽磺酸钠、碱金属烷基硫酸盐(诸如月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸铵或月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺)、具有8个或更多个碳原子的烷基的醚硫酸盐(诸如月桂基醚硫酸钠、月桂基醚硫酸铵、烷基芳基醚硫酸钠和烷基芳基醚硫酸铵)、具有1个或多个含8个或更多个碳原子的烷基基团的烷基芳基磺酸盐、烷基苯磺酸的碱金属盐(示例为己基苯磺酸的钠盐、辛基苯磺酸的钠盐、癸基苯磺酸的钠盐、十二烷基苯磺酸的钠盐、十六烷基苯磺酸的钠盐和十四烷基苯磺酸的钠盐)、聚氧乙烯烷基醚的硫酸酯(包括CH3(CH2)6CH2O(C2H4O)2SO3H、CH3(CH2)7CH2O(C2H4O)3.5SO3H、CH3(CH2)8CH2O(C2H4O)8SO3H、CH3(CH2)19CH2O(C2H4O)4SO3H和CH3(CH2)10CH2O(C2H4O)6SO3H)、烷基萘基磺酸的钠盐、钾盐和胺盐。通常,去污表面活性剂选自月桂基硫酸钠、月桂基硫酸铵、月桂基硫酸三乙醇胺、月桂基醚硫酸钠和月桂基醚硫酸铵。基于洗发剂组合物的总重量计,阴离子去污表面活性剂能够以5重量%至50重量%,并且通常5重量%至25重量%的量存在于洗发剂组合物中。
个人护理组合物可包含至少一种两性表面活性剂。两性表面活性剂是本领域已知的并且可商购获得。基于个人护理制剂的重量计,两性表面活性剂以0.001%至50%(w/w),或者5%至25%(w/w)的含量存在。作为两性表面活性剂的示例,可提到咪唑啉型、酰胺基甜菜碱型、烷基甜菜碱型、烷基酰胺基甜菜碱型、烷基磺基甜菜碱型、酰胺基磺基甜菜碱型、羟基磺基甜菜碱型、羧基甜菜碱型、磷酸酯甜菜碱型、氨基羧酸型和酰胺基氨基酸型两性表面活性剂。更具体而言,作为其例子,可提到咪唑啉型两性表面活性剂,如2-十一烷基-N,N,N-(羟乙基羧基甲基)-2-咪唑啉钠、2-椰油酰基-2-咪唑啉鎓氢氧化物-1-羧基乙氧基二钠盐等;烷基甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂,如月桂基二甲基氨基乙酸甜菜碱、肉豆寇基甜菜碱等;和酰胺基甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂,诸如椰子油脂肪酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、棕榈仁油脂肪酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、牛脂脂肪酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、硬化牛脂脂肪酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、月桂酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、肉豆蔻酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、棕榈酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、硬脂酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱、油酸酰胺基丙基二甲氨基乙酸甜菜碱等;烷基磺基甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂,如椰子油脂肪酸二甲基磺基丙基甜菜碱等;烷基羟基磺基甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂,如月桂基二甲氨基羟基磺基甜菜碱等;磷酸酯甜菜碱型两性表面活性剂,诸如月桂基羟基磷酸酯甜菜碱等;酰胺基氨基酸型两性表面活性剂,如N-月桂酰基-N’-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钠、N-油酰基-N’-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钠、N-椰油酰基-N’-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钠、N-月桂酰基-N’-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钾、N-油酰基-N’-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钾、N-月桂酰基-N-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钠、N-油酰基-N-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钠、N-椰油酰基-N-羟乙基-N’-羧基甲基乙二胺钠、N-月桂酰基-N-羟乙基-N’,N’-二羧基甲基乙二胺单钠、N-油酰基-N-羟乙基-N’,N’-二羧基甲基乙二胺单钠、N-椰油酰基-N-羟乙基-N’,N’-二羧基甲基乙二胺单钠、N-月桂酰基-N-羟乙基-N’,N’-二羧基甲基乙二胺二钠、N-油酰基-N-羟乙基-N’,N’-二羧基甲基乙二胺二钠、N-椰油酰基-N-羟乙基-N’,N’-二羧基甲基乙二胺二钠等。
该个人护理组合物可包含至少一种阳离子沉积助剂,通常为阳离子沉积聚合物。阳离子沉积助剂通常以0.001重量%至5重量%、通常0.01重量%至1重量%、更通常0.02重量%至0.5重量%的含量存在。阳离子沉积聚合物可为均聚物或由两种或更多种类型的单体形成。阳离子沉积聚合物的分子量通常为5,000至10,000,000,通常为至少10,000,并且通常为100,000至2,000,000。阳离子沉积聚合物通常具有含阳离子氮的基团,诸如季铵或质子化氨基基团或它们的组合。已发现阳离子电荷密度需要为至少0.1meq/g,通常大于0.8或更高。阳离子电荷密度不应超过4meq/g,其通常小于3meq/g并且更通常小于2meq/g。电荷密度可使用凯氏定氮法(Kjeldahl method)测量,并且在使用的所需pH值下在上述极限内,所需pH值将一般为3至9,并且通常为4至8。设想到,也可使用上述那些值之间的任何和所有值或值的范围。含阳离子氮的基团通常作为取代基存在于阳离子沉积聚合物的总单体单元的一部分上。因此,当阳离子沉积聚合物不是均聚物时,其可包含非阳离子间隔单体单元。此类阳离子沉积聚合物在CTFA Cosmetic Ingredient Directory,3rd edition(《CTFA化妆品成分指南》第3版)中有所描述,该文献在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。合适的阳离子沉积助剂包括例如具有阳离子胺或季铵官能团的乙烯基单体与水溶性间隔单体的共聚物,所述水溶性间隔单体诸如(甲基)丙烯酰胺、烷基和二烷基(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯、乙烯基己内酯和乙烯基吡咯烷。烷基和二烷基取代的单体通常具有C1-C7烷基基团,更通常具有C1-C3烷基基团。其它合适的间隔单体包括乙烯基酯、乙烯基醇、马来酸酐、丙二醇和乙二醇。
阳离子胺可以是伯胺、仲胺或叔胺,这取决于该组合物的具体种类和pH。一般来讲,通常是仲胺和叔胺,尤其是叔胺。胺取代的乙烯基单体和胺能够以胺形式聚合,并且随后通过季铵化转化为铵。合适的阳离子氨基和季铵单体包括例如被丙烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯、丙烯酸单烷基氨基烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸单烷基氨基烷基酯、三烷基甲基丙烯酰氧基烷基铵盐、三烷基丙烯酰氧基烷基铵盐、二烯丙基季铵盐,以及具有阳离子环状含氮环(诸如吡啶鎓、咪唑鎓和季铵化吡咯烷,例如烷基乙烯基咪唑鎓和季铵化吡咯烷)的乙烯基季铵单体,例如烷基乙烯基咪唑鎓、烷基乙烯基吡啶鎓和烷基乙烯基吡咯烷盐。这些单体的烷基部分通常为低级烷基,诸如C1-C7烷基,更通常为C1和C2烷基。适用于本文的胺取代的乙烯基单体包括丙烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯、甲基丙烯酸二烷基氨基烷基酯、二烷基氨基烷基丙烯酰胺和二烷基氨基烷基甲基丙烯酰胺,其中烷基基团通常为C1-C7烃基,更典型为C1-C3烷基。阳离子沉积助剂可包括由胺取代的单体和/或季铵取代的单体和/或相容的间隔单体衍生的单体单元的组合。合适的阳离子沉积助剂包括例如:1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷和1-乙烯基-3-甲基咪唑鎓盐(例如,氯盐)的共聚物(在行业中被美国化妆品、化妆用具和香料协会(Cosmetic,Toiletry,and Fragrance Association,“CTFA”)称为聚季铵盐-16),诸如可从美国新泽西州帕西波尼的巴斯夫怀恩多特公司(BASF WyandotteCorp.,Parsippany,N.J.,USA)以商品名LUVIQUAT(例如,LUVIQUAT FC 370)商购获得的那些;1-乙烯基-2-吡咯烷与甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯的共聚物(在行业中被CTFA称为聚季铵盐-11),诸如可从美国新泽西州韦恩的明嘉公司(Gar Corporation(Wayne,N.J.,USA))以商品名GAFQUAT(如,GAFQUAT 755N)商购获得的那些;含有阳离子二烯丙基季铵的聚合物,包括例如二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵均聚物以及丙烯酰胺和二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的共聚物(在行业(CTFA)中分别被称为聚季铵盐-6和聚季铵盐-7);具有3至5个碳原子的不饱和羧酸的均聚物和共聚物的氨基烷基酯的无机酸盐,诸如美国专利No.4,009,256中所述;以及阳离子聚丙烯酰胺,如英国专利申请No.9403156.4(WO95/22311)中所述,所述专利中的每个在一个或多个非限制性实施例中明确地并入本文。
可以使用的其他阳离子沉积助剂包括多糖聚合物,诸如阳离子纤维素衍生物和阳离子淀粉衍生物。适用于本公开的组合物的阳离子多糖聚合物材料包括下式的那些:A-O(R-N+R1R2R3X-),其中A为葡糖酐残基,诸如淀粉或纤维素葡糖酐残基,R为亚烷基氧化烯、聚氧化烯或羟亚烷基或它们的组合,R1、R2和R3独立地为烷基、芳基、烷芳基、芳烷基、烷氧基烷基或烷氧基芳基,每个基团包含最多18个碳原子,并且每个阳离子部分的碳原子总数(即,R1、R2和R3中的碳原子总数)可为约20或更少,并且X是如上所述的阴离子抗衡离子。阳离子纤维素以其Polymer iR(商标)和LR(商标)系列聚合物,作为与三甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应的羟乙基纤维素的盐从美国新泽西州爱迪生的爱美高公司(Amerchol Corp.,Edison,N.J.,USA)获得,在行业(CTFA)中被称为聚季铵盐10。
另一种类型的阳离子纤维素包括与月桂基二甲基铵取代的环氧化物反应的羟乙基纤维素的聚合物季铵盐,在行业(CTFA)中被称为聚季铵盐24。这些材料可从美国新泽西州爱迪生的爱美高公司(Amerchol Corp.(Edison,N.J.,USA))以商品名Polymer LM-200获得。可使用的其它阳离子沉积助剂包括阳离子瓜耳胶衍生物,诸如瓜耳羟丙基三甲基氯化铵(可从塞拉尼斯公司(Celanese Corp.)以其Jaguar商标系列商购获得)。其它材料包括含季氮的纤维素醚(例如,如美国专利3,962,418中所述),以及醚化纤维素和淀粉的共聚物(例如,如美国专利3,958,581中所述),所述专利中的每个在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。
该个人护理组合物可包含泡沫促进剂。泡沫促进剂为在恒定的表面活性剂摩尔浓度下增加可从系统获得的泡沫量的物质,其与延迟泡沫崩溃的泡沫稳定剂形成对比。通过向水性介质中加入泡沫促进有效量的泡沫促进剂而提供泡沫构建。泡沫促进剂通常选自脂肪酸烷醇酰胺和胺氧化物。脂肪酸烷醇酰胺的示例为异硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺、月桂酸二乙醇酰胺、癸酸二乙醇酰胺、椰子油脂肪酸二乙醇酰胺、亚油酸二乙醇酰胺、肉豆蔻酸二乙醇酰胺、油酸二乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺、椰子油脂肪酸单乙醇酰胺、油酸单异丙醇酰胺以及月桂酸单异丙醇酰胺。胺氧化物的示例为N-二甲基椰油胺氧化物、N-月桂基二甲基胺氧化物、N-十四烷基二甲基胺氧化物、N-硬脂基二甲基胺氧化物、N-椰油酰胺基丙基二甲基胺氧化物、N-牛脂酰胺基丙基二甲基胺氧化物、双(2-羟乙基)C12-15烷氧基丙胺氧化物。
通常,泡沫促进剂选自月桂酸二乙醇酰胺、N-月桂基二甲基胺氧化物、椰油酸二乙醇酰胺、肉豆蔻酸二乙醇酰胺和油酸二乙醇酰胺。基于组合物的总重量计,泡沫促进剂通常以1至15重量%、并且更通常以2至10重量%的量存在于洗发剂组合物中。该组合物还可包含聚亚烷基二醇以改善起泡效果。按洗发剂组合物的重量计,洗发剂组合物中的聚亚烷基二醇的浓度可为0.01%至5%,通常为0.05%至3%,并且更通常为0.1%至2%。可选的聚亚烷基二醇的特征在于通式H(OCH2CHR)n-OH,其中R选自H、甲基、以及它们的组合。当R为H时,这些材料为环氧乙烷的聚合物,其也被称为聚环氧乙烷、聚氧乙烯和聚乙二醇。当R为甲基时,这些材料为环氧丙烷的聚合物,其也被称为聚环氧丙烷、聚氧丙烯和聚丙二醇。当R为甲基时,还应当理解,可能存在所得聚合物的各种位置异构体。在上述结构中,n的平均值为1500至25,000、通常为2500至20,000,并且更通常为3500至15,000。可用于本发明的聚乙二醇聚合物为PEG-2M,其中R等于H并且n具有2,000的平均值(PEG-2M也被称为Polyox WSR9N-10,其可得自联合碳化物公司(Union Carbide),并且也被称为PEG-2,000);PEG-5M,其中R等于H并且n具有5,000的平均值(PEG-5M也被称为Polyox WSRO N-35和Polyox WSRS N-80(均得自联合碳化物公司)以及PEG-5,000和聚乙二醇300,000);PEG-7M,其中R等于H并且n具有7,000的平均值(PEG-7M也被称为Polyox WSRO N-750,其得自联合碳化物公司);PEG-9M,其中R等于H并且n具有9,000的平均值(PEG 9-M也被称为Polyox WSRS N-3333,其得自联合碳化物公司);以及PEG-14M,其中R等于H并且n具有14,000的平均值(PEG-14M也被称为Polyox WSRO N-3000,其得自联合碳化物公司)。其它可用的聚合物包括聚丙二醇以及混合的聚乙二醇/聚丙二醇。
该个人护理组合物可包含悬浮剂,其浓度有效地将有机硅调理剂或其它水不溶性材料以分散的形式悬浮在该个人护理组合物中。按个人护理组合物的重量计,此类浓度可为0.1%至10%,通常为0.3%至5.0%。悬浮剂包括结晶悬浮剂,其可被归类为酰基衍生物、长链胺氧化物以及它们的组合,按洗发剂组合物的重量计,所述悬浮剂的浓度可为0.1%至5.0%、通常为0.5%至3.0%。这些悬浮剂在美国专利4,741,855中有所描述,该专利在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。这些典型的悬浮剂包括通常具有16至22个碳原子的脂肪酸的乙二醇酯。更典型的为乙二醇硬脂酸酯,包括单硬脂酸酯和二硬脂酸酯两者,但具体地为包含少于7%单硬脂酸酯的二硬脂酸酯。
其它合适的悬浮剂包括通常具有16至22个碳原子、更通常具有16至18个碳原子的脂肪酸的烷醇酰胺,其典型的示例包括硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸单异丙醇酰胺以及硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺硬脂酸酯。其它长链酰基衍生物包括长链脂肪酸的长链酯(例如,硬脂酸十八烷基酯、棕榈酸鲸腊酯等);甘油酯(例如,甘油二硬脂酸酯)和长链烷醇酰胺的长链酯(例如,硬脂酰胺二乙醇酰胺二硬脂酸酯、硬脂酰胺单乙醇酰胺硬脂酸酯)。除了上文所列的典型材料外,长链酰基衍生物、长链羧酸的乙二醇酯、长链胺氧化物和长链羧酸的烷醇酰胺也可用作悬浮剂。例如,设想了可使用具有长链烃基的悬浮剂,其中长链烃基具有C8-C22链。适合用作悬浮剂的其它长链酰基衍生物包括N,N-二烃基酰氨基苯甲酸及其可溶性盐(例如,Na、K盐),特别是该族的N,N-二(氢化的)C16,C18和牛油酰氨基苯甲酸物质,它们可从美国伊利诺伊州诺斯菲尔德的斯泰潘公司(Stepan Company,Northfield,Ill.,USA)商购获得。适合用作悬浮剂的长链胺氧化物的示例包括烷基(C16-C22)二甲基胺氧化物,例如硬脂基二甲基胺氧化物。其它合适的悬浮剂包括黄原胶,按洗发剂组合物的重量计,其浓度在0.3%至3%、通常0.4%至1.2%的范围内。将黄原胶用作悬浮剂在例如美国专利4,788,006中有所描述,该专利在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。长链酰基衍生物和黄原胶的组合也可用作洗发剂组合物中的悬浮剂。此类组合在美国专利4,704,272中有所描述,该专利在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。其它合适的悬浮剂包括羧基乙烯基聚合物。这些聚合物中典型的是丙烯酸与聚烯丙基蔗糖交联的共聚物,如美国专利2,798,053中所述,该专利在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。这些聚合物的示例包括得自B.F.古德里奇公司(B.F.Goodrich Company)的Carbopol 934、940、941和956。其它合适的悬浮剂包括具有脂肪烷基部分(其具有至少16个碳原子)的伯胺,其示例包括棕榈胺或十八胺;以及具有两个脂肪烷基部分(每个部分具有至少12个碳原子)的仲胺,其示例包括二棕榈酰基胺或二(氢化牛油)胺。另外其它合适的悬浮剂包括二(氢化牛油)邻苯二甲酸酰胺和交联的马来酸酐-甲基乙烯基醚共聚物。在洗发剂组合物中可以使用其他合适的悬浮剂,包括可赋予组合物类凝胶粘度的那些,诸如水溶性或胶态水溶性聚合物,如纤维素醚(例如,甲基纤维素、羟丁基甲基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟乙基乙基纤维素和羟乙基纤维素)、瓜尔胶、聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、羟丙基瓜尔胶、淀粉和淀粉衍生物,以及其他增稠剂、粘度调节剂、胶凝剂等。
个人护理组合物可包括一种或多种水溶性材料。水溶性材料的示例包括但不限于水溶性润肤剂、多元醇或低级一价醇。水溶性润肤剂包括但不限于低分子量脂族二醇如丙二醇和丁二醇;多元醇,诸如甘油和山梨糖醇;以及聚氧乙烯聚合物,诸如聚乙二醇200。作为醇,可使用一种类型或两种或更多种类型的多元醇和/或低级一价醇。作为低级醇的示例,可提到乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇、叔丁醇、仲丁醇等。作为多元醇的例子,可提到二价醇,如1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,2-丁二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、2-丁烯-1,4-二醇、二丁二醇、戊二醇、己二醇、辛二醇等;三价醇,如甘油、三羟甲基丙烷、1,2,6-己三醇等;具有四价或更高价的多元醇,如季戊四醇、木糖醇等;糖醇,诸如山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、麦芽三糖、蔗糖、赤藓醇、葡萄糖、果糖、淀粉分解产物、麦芽糖、木糖醇、淀粉分解还原醇等。除了具有低分子量的前述多元醇之外,可提到多元醇聚合物,如二甘醇、双丙甘醇、三甘醇、聚丙二醇、四甘醇、双甘油、聚乙二醇、三甘油、四甘油、聚甘油等。其中,具体地优选1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、山梨糖醇、二丙二醇、甘油和聚乙二醇。相对于化妆品的总量,水溶性材料的共混量可优选为0.1重量%至50重量%(质量)的范围内。可以相对于化妆品或个人护理组合物的总量计的约5重量%至30重量%(质量)的量依次共混水溶性材料以改善化妆品或个人护理组合物的储存稳定性。采用的水溶性润肤剂的、多元醇和一元醇具体类型和量将根据组合物所需的美学特性而变化,并且本领域的技术人员将易于确定。这是实施本发明的优选方式中一种。
个人护理组合物可包括独立于上述载流体的一种或多种油。如本文所用,术语“油”描述任何基本上不溶于水的材料。合适的油包括但不限于天然油,诸如椰子油;烃,诸如矿物油和氢化聚异丁烯;脂肪醇,诸如辛基十二烷醇;酯,诸如苯甲酸C12-C15烷基酯;二酯,诸如二壬酸丙二醇酯;以及三酯,诸如三辛酸甘油酯和有机硅,尤其是环甲基硅氧烷和聚二甲基硅氧烷以及它们的组合。合适的低粘度油在25℃下的粘度为5mPas至100mPas,并且通常为具有结构RCO-OR'的酯,其中RCO表示羧酸基,并且其中OR'为醇残基。这些低粘度油的示例包括异壬酸异十三烷酯、PEG-4二庚酸酯、新戊酸异硬脂酯、新戊酸十三烷酯、辛酸十六烷酯、棕榈酸十六烷酯、蓖麻油酸十六烷酯、硬脂酸十六烷酯、肉豆蔻酸十六烷酯、椰油醇-二辛酸酯/癸酸酯、异硬脂酸癸酯、油酸异癸酯、新戊酸异癸酯、新戊酸异己酯、棕榈酸辛酯、苹果酸二辛酯、辛酸十三烷酯、肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯、辛基十二烷醇,或辛基十二烷醇、乙酰化羊毛脂醇、乙酸十六烷酯、异十二烷醇、聚甘油基-3-二异硬脂酸酯的组合,或它们的组合。高粘度表面油一般在25℃下具有200mPas至1,000,000mPas,通常100,000mPas至250,000mPas的粘度。表面油包括蓖麻油、羊毛脂和羊毛脂衍生物、柠檬酸三异十六烷酯、脱水山梨糖醇倍半油酸酯、C10-18甘油三酸酯、辛酸/癸酸/甘油三酸酯、椰子油、玉米油、棉籽油、甘油三乙酰基羟基硬脂酸酯、甘油三乙酰基蓖麻醇酸酯、三辛酸甘油酯、氢化蓖麻油、亚麻籽油、貂油、橄榄油、棕榈油、婆罗树脂(illipe butter)、菜籽油、大豆油、向日葵籽油、牛脂、三癸精、三羟基硬脂精、三异硬脂精、三月桂精、三亚油精、三肉豆蔻精、三油精、三棕榈精、三硬脂精、胡桃油、小麦胚芽油、胆固醇或它们的组合。油相中的低粘度油与高粘度油的建议比率分别为1:15至15:1,通常为1:10至10:1。本公开的典型制剂包括1至20%的低粘度表面油和高粘度表面油的组合。
可使用矿物油,诸如液体石蜡或液化石油,或动物油,诸如全氢化角鲨烯或阿拉拉油(arara oil),或另选地使用植物油,诸如甜杏仁油、海棠油、棕榈油、蓖麻油、鳄梨油、霍霍巴(jojaba)油、橄榄油或谷物胚芽油。还可使用例如羊毛脂酸的酯、油酸的酯、月桂酸的酯、硬脂酸的酯或肉豆蔻酸的酯;醇,诸如油醇、亚油醇或亚麻醇、异硬脂醇或辛基十二烷醇;或醇或多元醇的乙酰基甘油酯、辛酸酯、癸酸酯或蓖麻油酸酯。可另选地,可使用在25℃下为固体的氢化油,诸如氢化蓖麻油、棕榈油或椰子油、或氢化牛油;单甘油蔗糖酯、二甘油蔗糖酯或三甘油蔗糖酯;羊毛脂;或在25℃下为固体的脂肪酯。
个人护理组合物可包括化学品成分。化妆品成分是赋予毛发、皮肤或指/趾甲美容效果的成分。美容效果是皮肤、毛发或指/趾甲的感觉或外观的变化。本领域技术人员将理解化妆品成分。
个人护理组合物可包含各种蜡。蜡一般在大气压力下具有35℃至120℃的熔点。这种类别的蜡包括合成蜡、纯地蜡、石蜡、地蜡、婆罗树脂、蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、微晶蜡、羊毛脂、羊毛脂衍生物、小烛树蜡、可可脂、紫胶蜡、巨鲸蜡、米糠蜡、爪哇木棉蜡、甘蔗蜡、褐煤蜡、鲸蜡、杨梅蜡或它们的组合。在一个实施方案中,该个人护理组合物包含10-30%的蜡的组合。在能够用作非有机硅脂肪物质的蜡中,可包括动物蜡,如蜂蜡;植物蜡,诸如巴西棕榈蜡、小烛树蜡、小冠椰子蜡或日本蜡或软木纤维蜡或甘蔗蜡;矿物蜡,例如石蜡或褐煤蜡或微晶蜡或地蜡;合成蜡,包括聚乙烯蜡和通过费托(Fischer-Tropsch)合成获得的蜡。在有机硅蜡中,可包括聚甲基硅氧烷烷基、烷氧基和/或酯。
个人护理组合物可包含粉末。粉末通常可定义为具有0.02微米至50微米的粒径的干燥颗粒物。粉剂可以是着色的或未着色的(例如白色)。合适的粉末包括氯氧化铋、钛酸化云母、热解法二氧化硅、球形二氧化硅珠、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯珠、微粉化聚四氟乙烯、氮化硼、丙烯酸酯聚合物、硅酸铝、淀粉辛烯基琥珀酸铝、膨润土、硅酸钙、纤维素、白垩、玉米淀粉、硅藻土、漂白土、甘油淀粉、水辉石、水合二氧化硅、高岭土、硅酸镁铝、碳酸镁、氢氧化镁、氧化镁、硅酸镁、三硅酸镁、麦芽糖糊精、蒙脱石、微晶纤维素、大米淀粉、二氧化硅、滑石、云母、二氧化钛、月桂酸锌、肉豆蔻酸锌、新癸酸锌、松脂酸锌、硬脂酸锌、聚乙烯、氧化铝、硅镁土、碳酸钙、硅酸钙、右旋糖苷、高岭土、尼龙、甲硅烷基化二氧化硅、丝粉、无色云母、大豆粉、氧化锡、氢氧化钛、磷酸三镁、芯桃壳粉或它们的组合。粉末可用如上所述有机硅烷、卵磷脂、氨基酸、矿物油、有机硅油或各种其它物质单独或组合进行表面处理,该物质涂覆粉剂表面并且使得颗粒呈疏水或亲水性质。在一个实施方案中,将粉末用有机硅烷处理,或者将粉末用有机硅烷处理并且然后掺入到个人护理制剂中,或者将氧化锌或二氧化钛用有机硅烷表面处理并且然后掺入到个人护理制剂中。该表面处理过的粉末可使用本领域中已知的和下文所描述的技术被掺入个人护理制剂。
粉末还可包括或为有机和/或无机颜料。有机颜料通常为各种芳族类型,包括偶氮染料、靛青类染料、三苯甲烷染料、蒽醌染料和黄嘌呤染料,其被命名为D&C和FD&C蓝、棕、绿、橙、红、黄等。无机颜料通常由认证的颜料添加剂的不溶性金属盐组成,称为色淀或氧化铁。可向该组合物中加入粉状着色剂(诸如炭黑、氧化铬或氧化铁、群青、焦磷酸锰、铁蓝和二氧化钛)、通常用作与着色颜料的组合的珠光剂、或通常用作与着色颜料的组合且通常用于化妆品行业中的一些有机染料。一般来讲,这些着色剂可按相对于该个人护理组合物的重量的0至20重量%的量存在。
粉末可包含机硅粉末。有机硅粉末为具有粉末形式的有机聚硅氧烷的组合物,即,其中水或液体或溶剂已被去除。有机硅粉末可通过去除水或任何溶剂由有机硅(有机聚硅氧烷)的乳液制备。有机硅或有机聚硅氧烷可为有机硅弹性体、有机硅树脂、有机硅树胶或有机硅流体。
作为粉末,可使用有机硅弹性体粉末。该有机硅弹性体粉末为主要由二有机硅氧烷单元(D单元)形成的直链二有机聚硅氧烷的交联产物。该有机硅弹性体粉末可优选通过在存在用于氢化硅烷化反应的催化剂的情况下使在侧链或末端具有硅键合的氢原子的有机氢聚硅氧烷与在侧链或末端具有不饱和烃基如烯基的二有机聚硅氧烷交联反应来制备。该有机硅弹性体粉末具有增加的柔韧性和弹性,且与由T单元和Q单元形成的有机硅树脂粉末相比较,其表现出优越的吸油性质。由于这个原因,该有机硅弹性体粉末可吸收皮肤上的皮脂且可防止妆花(makeup running)。此外,当由前述糖醇改性的有机聚硅氧烷进行表面处理时,可赋予湿润的触感,而不会降低有机硅弹性体粉末的绒面感。此外,在将上述糖醇改性的有机聚硅氧烷与有机硅弹性体粉末一起混合在化妆品中的情况下,可改善上述粉末在整个化妆品中的分散稳定性,并且可随时间的推移获得稳定的化妆品。
该有机硅弹性体粉末可以为各种形式,如球形、扁平形式、无定形等。该有机硅弹性体粉末可以为油分散剂形式。在本发明的化妆品中,可优选共混以粒子形式的有机硅弹性体粉末,其具有0.1至50μm的由电子显微镜观察的原生粒度和/或由激光衍射/散射法测量的平均原生粒度,且其中该原生粒子是以球形的形式。另外,当借助于A型硬度计根据JISK 6253“Method for determining hardness of vulcanized rubber or thermoplasticrubber(测定硫化橡胶或热塑性橡胶的硬度的方法)”测量时,构成该有机硅弹性体粉末的有机硅弹性体可具有优选不超过80且更优选不超过65的硬度。
可用有机硅烷(I)/有机硅树脂、二氧化硅等对该有机硅弹性体粉末进行表面处理。作为上述表面处理的例子,可提到例如在以下专利中描述的表面处理:日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.H02-243612;日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.H08-12545;日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.H08-12546;日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.H08-12524;日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.H09-241511;日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.H10-36219;日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.H11-193331;日本未经审查专利申请首次专利公布No.2000-281523等。作为该有机硅弹性体粉末,在“日本化妆品成分法典(Japanese Cosmetic Ingredients Codex,JCIC)”中列出的交联有机硅粉末与其对应。作为有机硅弹性体粉末的市售产品,有由道康宁东丽株式会社制造的Trefil E-506S、Trefil E-508、9701化妆粉和9702粉等。作为表面处理剂的示例包括但不限于有机硅烷(I);甲基氢聚硅氧烷;有机硅树脂;金属皂;硅烷偶联剂;无机氧化物,如二氧化硅、氧化钛等;和氟化合物,如全氟烷基硅烷、全氟烷基磷酸酯盐等。
也可按通常相对于该个人护理组合物的重量的0至40重量%的量加入粉状无机填料或有机填料。这些粉状填料可选自滑石、云母、高岭土、锌或钛氧化物、钙或镁碳酸盐、二氧化硅、球形二氧化钛、玻璃或陶瓷珠、衍生自具有8至22个碳原子的羧酸的金属皂、非膨胀的合成聚合物粉剂、来自天然有机化合物的膨胀粉剂和粉剂,诸如谷类淀粉,其可以是或可以不是交联的。填料可通常以组合物的总重量的0至35%,更通常5至15%的比例存在。可特别提及的是滑石、云母、二氧化硅、高岭土、尼龙粉剂(具体地讲为ORGASOL)、聚乙烯粉剂、特氟隆、淀粉、氮化硼、共聚物微球诸如EXPANCEL(诺贝尔工业公司(Nobel Industrie))、甲基丙烯酸酯高聚物(polytrap)和有机硅树脂微珠(例如,得自东芝公司(Toshiba)的TOSPEARL)。在一个实施方案中,粉末状填料为无机填料、或者锌或氧化钛。
个人护理组合物可包含防晒剂。防晒剂通常吸收290纳米至320纳米(UV-B区)之间的紫外光,诸如(但不排除其它)对氨基苯甲酸衍生物和肉桂酸酯,诸如甲氧基肉桂酸辛酯以及吸收在320纳米至400纳米(UV-A区)范围内的紫外光的那些防晒剂,诸如二苯甲酮和丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰基甲烷。防晒剂的一些另外的示例为对甲氧基肉桂酸2-乙氧基乙酯;邻氨基苯甲酸薄荷酯;水杨酸高薄荷酯;对氨基苯甲酸甘油酯;对氨基苯甲酸异丁酯;对二甲基氨基苯甲酸异戊酯;2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯酮磺酸;2,2'-二羟基-4-甲氧基二苯酮;2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯酮;苯甲酸乙酯的4-单和4-双(3-羟基-丙基)氨基异构体;以及对二甲基氨基苯甲酸2-乙基己酯。在各种实施方案中,防晒剂如EP-A-678,292中所述,该专利在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。在多个实施方案中,防晒剂包含至少一种羧基,或更好的是磺酸基。这种酸基可以是游离形式或者部分或完全中和的形式。可使用一种或多种包含酸官能团的亲水性掩蔽剂。作为包含至少一个SO3H基团的酸性掩蔽剂的例子,可以更具体地提到3-亚苄基-2-樟脑磺酸衍生物。特别典型的化合物是苯-1,4-[二(3-亚甲基樟脑-10-磺酸)]。该掩蔽剂是宽谱带掩蔽剂,其能够吸收波长在280nm至400nm之间的紫外线,其中吸收最大范围在320nm至400nm之间,具体地讲为345nm。其以酸形式使用或者用选自三乙醇胺、氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾的碱盐化。此外,其可为顺式或反式形式。该掩蔽剂以商品名Mexoryl SX为人所知。其它具体示例为4-(3-亚甲基樟脑)苯磺酸、3-亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、2-甲基-5-(3-亚甲基樟脑)苯磺酸、2-氯-5-(3-亚甲基樟脑)苯磺酸、3-(4-甲基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、(3-叔丁基-2-羟基-5-甲基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、(3-叔丁基-2-羟基-5-甲氧基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、(3,5-二-叔丁基-4-羟基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、2-甲氧基-5-(3-亚甲基樟脑)苯磺酸、3-(4,5-亚甲二氧基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、3-(4-甲氧基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、3-(4,5-二甲氧基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、3-(4-正丁氧基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、3-(4-正丁氧基-5-甲氧基)亚苄基樟脑-10-磺酸、2-[4-(樟脑亚甲基)苯基]苯并咪唑-5-磺酸。合适的化合物在美国专利4,585,597以及FR 2,236,515、2,282,426、2,645,148、2,430,938和2,592,380中有所描述,所述专利中的每个在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。包含磺酸基团的掩蔽剂还可为二苯甲酮或2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸的磺酸衍生物,在UV-B辐射范围内具有优异的光保护能力并且以商品名“Eusolex 232”由默克公司(Merck)出售,苯-1,4-二(苯并咪唑-2-基-5-磺酸),苯-1,4-二(苯并噁唑-2-基-5-磺酸)。亲水性掩蔽剂能够以一定含量存在于根据本公开的最终组合物中,相对于个人护理组合物的总重量,该含量可为0.1重量%至20重量%,通常为0.2重量%至10重量%。
可使用另外的亲脂性掩蔽剂,诸如衍生自二苯甲酰甲烷的那些,并且更尤其是4-叔丁基-4'-甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷,其有效地具有高的固有吸收能力。这些二苯甲酰甲烷衍生物(其为本身作为UV-A活性掩蔽剂而众所周知的产品)具体地讲在法国专利申请FR-A-2,326,405和FR-A-2,440,933,以及在欧洲专利申请EP-A-0,114,607中有所描述,所述专利申请中的每个在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。4-(叔丁基)-4'-甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷目前以商品名“Parsol 1789”由奇华顿公司(Givaudan)销售。另一种根据本公开的典型的二苯甲酰甲烷衍生物为4-异丙基二苯甲酰甲烷,该掩蔽剂以商品名“Eusolex 8020”由默克公司销售。类似地,氰双苯丙烯酸辛酯可商购获得并且具体地讲以商品名“Uvinul N539”由巴斯夫公司(BASF)销售,其为以其在UV-B范围内的活性而已知的液体亲脂性掩蔽剂。作为可用于本公开中的另一种亲脂性(或脂溶性)掩蔽剂,还可提到的是对甲基亚苄基樟脑,其也称为UV-B吸收剂并且具体地讲以商品名“Eusolex 6300”由默克公司销售。亲脂性掩蔽剂能够以一定含量存在于根据本公开的组合物中,相对于组合物的总重量,该含量可为0.5%至30%,通常为0.5%至20%。亲脂性或亲水性有机掩蔽剂的其它示例在专利申请EP-A-0,487,404中有所描述,该专利申请在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。根据本公开的化妆品和/或皮肤病学组合物还可包括颜料或者另选地为涂覆或未涂覆金属氧化物的纳米颜料(平均原生粒径:一般在5nm和100nm之间,通常在10和50nm之间),诸如例如氧化钛的纳米颜料(无定形或以金红石和/或锐钛矿形式结晶)、氧化铁的纳米颜料、氧化锌的纳米颜料、氧化锆的纳米颜料或氧化铈的纳米颜料,它们全部是本身熟知的光保护剂并且通过物理阻挡(反射和/或散射)紫外线辐射而起作用。此外,标准涂层剂为氧化铝和/或硬脂酸铝,以及有机硅。此类涂覆或未涂覆的金属氧化物纳米颜料具体地讲在专利申请EP-A-0,518,772和EP-A-0,518,773中有描述,所述专利申请中的每个在一个或多个非限制性实施例中明确地以引用方式并入本文。
增稠剂可用于该个人护理组合物中以提供方便的粘度。例如,可获得在25℃下为500至25,000mm2/s,更可选地在25℃下为3,000至7,000mm2/s的粘度。合适的增稠剂示例为藻酸钠、阿拉伯胶、聚氧乙烯、瓜耳胶、羟丙基瓜耳胶、乙氧基化醇(诸如月桂醇聚醚-4或聚乙二醇400)、纤维素衍生物(示例为甲基纤维素、甲基羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基纤维素、聚丙羟乙基纤维素)、淀粉和淀粉衍生物(示例为羟乙基直链淀粉和直链淀粉)、刺槐豆胶、电解质(示例为氯化钠和氯化铵)和糖类(诸如果糖和葡萄糖)以及糖类衍生物(诸如PEG-120甲基葡糖二油酸酯),或其中两种或更多种的组合。另选地,增稠剂选自纤维素衍生物、糖类衍生物和电解质,或两种或更多种上述增稠剂的组合,所述组合示例为纤维素衍生物与任何电解质的组合以及淀粉衍生物与任何电解质的组合。当使用时,存在于洗发剂组合物中的增稠剂可提供在25℃下500mm2/s至25,000mm2/s的粘度。可另选地,增稠剂可以基于个人护理组合物的总重量计的0.05重量%至10重量%,或者0.05重量%至5重量%的量存在。
稳定剂也可用于例如乳液的水相中。合适的水相稳定剂可包括单独的或组合的一种或多种电解质、多元醇、醇(诸如乙醇)以及水解胶体。典型的电解质为碱金属盐和碱土金属盐,尤其是钠、钾、钙和镁的氯化物、硼酸盐、柠檬酸盐和硫酸盐,以及水合氯化铝和聚电解质,尤其是透明质酸和透明质酸钠。当稳定剂为或包括电解质时,其达到个人护理组合物的0.1重量%至5重量%并且更另选地为0.5重量%至3重量%。亲水胶体包括胶(例如黄原胶或Veegum)和增稠剂(例如羧甲基纤维素)。还可以使用多元醇,例如丙三醇、乙二醇和山梨糖醇。可选的多元醇为丙三醇、丙二醇、山梨糖醇和丁二醇。如果使用大量的多元醇,则不需要添加电解质。然而,通常使用电解质、多元醇和亲水胶体的组合,以稳定水相,例如硫酸镁、丁二醇和黄原胶。
返回来看,该组合物可为止汗剂和除臭剂组合物,其为但不限于棒、软固体、滚抹物、气雾剂和泵式喷雾剂的形式。止汗剂和除臭剂的一些示例是:氯化铝、四氯羟铝锆GLY配位化合物、四氯羟铝锆PEG配位化合物、氯化羟铝二元醇配位化合物、四氯羟铝锆PG配位化合物、氯化羟铝PEG配位化合物、三氯羟铝锆、氯化羟铝PG配位化合物、三氯羟铝锆GLY配位化合物、六氯酚、苯扎氯铵、倍半氯化羟铝、碳酸氢钠、倍半氯化羟铝PEG配位化合物、叶绿酸-铜络合物、三氯生、八氯羟铝锆和蓖麻醇酸锌。
个人护理组合物可为与推进剂气体(诸如二氧化碳、氮气、一氧化二氮)、挥发性烃(诸如丁烷、异丁烷或丙烷)和氯化烃或氟化烃(诸如二氯二氟甲烷和二氯四氟乙烷)或二甲醚组合的气溶胶。
有机硅氧组合物也可被包含在该个人护理组合物中。例如,此类有机硅包括有机硅流体、胶、树脂、弹性体;有机硅表面活性剂和乳化剂(诸如有机硅聚醚)、有机官能的有机硅(诸如氨基官能的有机硅)和烷基甲基硅氧烷。烷基甲基硅氧烷可包含在本发明组合物中。这些硅氧烷聚合物通常具有式Me3SiO[Me2SiO]y[MeRSiO]zSiMe3,其中R为含有6-30个碳原子的烃基团,Me表示甲基,并且聚合度(DP),即y和z的和为3至50。挥发性的和液体的烷基甲基硅氧烷二者均可用于该组合物中。
除了上述那些之外的有机硅胶也可被包含在该个人护理组合物中。合适的非限制性树胶包括不溶性聚二有机硅氧烷,其具有在25℃下超过1,000,000厘沲(mm2/s),或者在25℃下大于5,000,000厘沲(mm2/s)的粘度。这些有机硅树胶通常作为已分散在合适的溶剂中以有利于它们的处理的组合物销售。超高粘度的有机硅也可作为任选的成分被包含。这些超高粘度有机硅通常具有在25℃下大于5百万厘沲(mm2/s),在25℃下最多2千万厘沲(mm2/s)的运动粘度。该类型的组合物在例如美国专利号6,013,682中有所描述,该专利在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。
有机硅树脂也可被包含在该个人护理组合物中。这些树脂通常为高度交联的聚合硅氧烷。通常通过将三官能的和/或四官能的硅烷与在制备期间使用的单官能的硅烷和/或二官能的硅烷单体掺合来获得交联。获得适合的有机硅树脂所需的交联度将根据在制造该有机硅树脂期间掺入的硅烷单体单元的具体情况而变化。一般来讲,可使用任何这样的有机硅,其具有足够含量的三官能的和四官能的硅氧烷单体单元,并因此具有足够水平的交联度以干燥为刚性膜或硬膜。适用于本文中的应用的可商购获得的有机硅树脂,通常以未硬化形式在低粘度的挥发性或非挥发性有机硅流体中供应。有机硅树脂能够以它们的未硬化形式而不是以硬化的树脂结构形式掺入到本公开的组合物中。
有机硅甲醇流体可被包含在该个人护理组合物中。这些材料通常可被描述为取代的烃基官能的硅氧烷流体或树脂,并且一些在WO 03/101412A2中有所描述,该专利在一个或多个非限制性实施方案中明确地以引用方式并入本文。
水溶性或水分散性有机硅表面活性剂也可包含在个人护理组合物中,其为水基或水包油乳液。此外,水不溶性硅表面活性剂也可包括在油基或油包水型分散体制剂中。这些也称为聚环氧烷硅氧烷有机硅共聚物、有机硅聚(氧化烯)共聚物、有机硅乙二醇共聚物、单甘油官能有机硅、二甘油官能有机硅、三甘油有机硅、聚甘油有机硅或有机硅表面活性剂。这些可以是线性耙型或接枝型材料,或ABA型,其中B为硅氧烷聚合物嵌段并且A为聚(氧化烯)基团。该聚(氧化烯)基团可由聚氧化乙烯基团、聚氧化丙烯基团或混合的聚氧化乙烯/聚氧化丙烯基团组成。其它氧化物诸如亚丁基氧或亚苯基氧也是可能的。
个人护理组合物还可包含溶剂,诸如(i)有机化合物、(ii)含有硅原子的化合物、(iii)有机化合物的混合物、(iv)含有硅原子的化合物的混合物、或(v)有机化合物和含有硅原子的化合物的混合物;以工业规模使用,以溶解、悬浮其他材料,或改变其他材料的物理特性。
一般来讲,有机化合物为芳香烃、脂族烃、醇、醛、酮、胺、酯、醚、二醇、二醇醚、烷基卤化物或芳族卤化物。一些常见有机溶剂的代表性示例为醇,诸如甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、环己醇、苄醇、2-辛醇、乙二醇、丙二醇和甘油;脂族烃,诸如戊烷、环己烷、庚烷、VM&P溶剂和溶剂油;烷基卤化物,诸如氯仿、四氯化碳、全氯乙烯、氯乙烷和氯苯;胺,诸如异丙胺、环己胺、乙醇胺和二乙醇胺;芳香烃,诸如苯、甲苯,乙苯和二甲苯;酯,诸如乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙酰乙酸乙酯、乙酸戊酯、异丁酸异丁酯和乙酸苄酯;醚,诸如乙醚、正丁基醚、四氢呋喃和1,4-二氧杂环己烷;二醇醚,诸如乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、二甘醇单丁醚和丙二醇单苯基醚;酮,诸如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、环己酮、双丙酮醇、甲基戊基酮和二异丁基酮;石油烃,诸如矿物油、汽油、石脑油、煤油、粗柴油、重油和原油;润滑油,诸如锭子油和涡轮机油;以及脂肪油,诸如玉米油、大豆油、橄榄油、菜籽油、棉籽油、沙丁鱼油、鲱鱼油和鲸油。
也可使用其它类别的有机溶剂,诸如乙腈、硝基甲烷、二甲基甲酰胺、环氧丙烷、磷酸三辛酯、丁内酯、糠醛、松油、松脂和间甲酚。
溶剂也可包括挥发性矫味剂,诸如冬青油;薄荷油;留兰香油;薄荷醇;香草;肉桂油;丁香油;月桂油;茴香油;桉树油;百里香油;雪松叶油;肉豆蔻油;鼠尾草油;桂皮油;可可;甘草;高果糖玉米糖浆;柑橘油,诸如柠檬、橙、酸橙和葡萄柚;水果香精,诸如苹果、梨、桃、葡萄、草莓、悬钩子、樱桃、李子、菠萝和杏;以及其他可用的矫味剂,包括醛和酯,诸如乙酸肉桂酯、肉桂醛、甲酸丁子香酚酯、对甲基茴香醚、乙醛、苯甲醛、茴香醛、柠檬醛、橙花醛、癸醛、香草醛、甲苯基醛、2,6-二甲基辛醛和2-乙基丁醛。
此外,溶剂可包括挥发性芳香剂,诸如,天然产物和芳香油。一些代表性天然产物和芳香油为龙涎香、安息香、灵猫香、丁香、叶油、茉莉、巴拉圭茶树(mate)、含羞草、麝香、没药、鸢尾草、檀香油和香根草油;芳香化学品,诸如水杨酸戊酯、戊基肉桂醛、乙酸苄酯、香茅醇、香豆素、香叶醇、乙酸异冰片酯、黄葵和乙酸松油酯;以及各种经典系列芳香油,诸如花香系列、东方系列、素心兰系列、木香系列、柑橘系列、轻舟(canoe)系列、皮革系列、香料系列和草本系列。
本公开还提供了一种用于形成个人护理组合物的方法。该方法包括将有机硅烷组合在个人护理组合物中。在一个实施方案中,有机硅烷单独制备,并且然后与个人护理组合物成分组合。可使用本领域已知的用于形成个人护理制剂的技术,包括但不限于混合技术、冷共混物或加热以有利于形成组合物。本文使用的添加顺序可以是本领域中已知的任何顺序。
涂漆组合物、防雾组合物、油墨组合物可包含常用于此类组合物中的成分,该成分包括有机和/或无机着色剂、颜料、聚合物、溶剂和稀释剂,以及染料,包括但不限于上述用于个人护理组合物的那些。可使用本领域已知的标准设备和条件如上文个人护理制剂所述的设备和方法,通过本领域已知的方法制备这些组合物。涂料和表面处理组合物
涂料组合物和表面处理组合物可包含与此类组合物共有的成分,包括但不限于溶剂、稀释剂、分散剂和聚合物。此类成分的示例包括但不限于上文针对个人护理组合物所描述的那些。在一个实施方案中,涂料组合物或表面处理组合物包含表面处理过的粉末。
组合物可包含和防污剂。防污剂是对水生污染生物体具有杀灭或排斥作用的材料。示例包括无机和有机抗污剂。
无机防污剂的示例包括但不限于氧化亚铜、铜氰酸铜(通用名:硫氰酸铜)、白铜和铜粉。其中,特别优选氧化亚铜和硫氰酸铜。
有机防污剂的示例包括:有机铜化合物,诸如2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化铜(通用名:巯氧吡啶铜)等;有机锌化合物,诸如2-巯基吡啶-N-氧化锌(通用名:吡啶硫酮锌)、亚乙基双(二硫代氨基甲酸)锌(通用名:代森锌)、双(二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸锌)锌(通用名:福美锌)、双(二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸酯)亚乙基双(二硫代氨基甲酸酯)二锌(通用名:聚氨基甲酸酯)等;有机硼化合物,诸如吡啶-三苯基硼烷、4-异丙基吡啶基-二苯基甲基硼烷、4-苯基吡啶基-二苯基硼烷、三苯基硼-正十八烷基胺、三苯基[3-(2-乙基己氧基)丙基胺]硼等;马来酰亚胺化合物,诸如2,4,6-三氯马来酰亚胺、N-(2,6-二乙基苯基)-2,3-二氯马来酰亚胺等;以及4,5-二氯-2-正辛基-3-异噻唑酮(通用名:Sea-Nine 211),3,4-二氯苯基-N-N-二甲基脲(通用名:敌草隆),2-甲硫基-4-叔-丁氨基-6-环丙基氨基-s-三嗪(通用名:Irgarol1051),2,4,5,6-四氯间苯二腈(通用名:百菌清),N-二氯氟甲硫基-N',N'-二甲基-N-p-甲苯磺酰胺(通用名:甲苯磺酰胺),N-二氯甲硫基-N',N'-二甲基-N-苯基磺酰胺(通用名:二氯呋喃),2-(4-噻唑基)苯并咪唑(通用名:噻苯咪唑),3-(苯并[b]噻吩-2-基)-5,6-二氢-1,4,2-氧杂噻嗪-4-氧化物(通用名:苯并恶嗪),2-(对氯苯基)-3-氰基-4-溴-5-三氟甲基吡咯(通用名:ECONEA 028)等。其中,特别优选吡啶硫酮锌,吡啶硫酮铜,吡啶-三苯基硼烷,4-异丙基吡啶基-二苯基甲基硼烷,bethoxazine,zineb,Sea-Nine 211和Irgarol 1051。更优选的是吡啶硫酮铜、吡啶硫酮锌、吡啶-三苯基硼烷和bethoxazine。
作为防污剂,优选氧化亚铜、硫氰酸铜、吡啶硫酮锌、吡啶硫酮铜、吡啶-三苯基硼烷、4-异丙基吡啶基-二苯基甲基硼烷、bethoxazine、zineb、Sea-Nine 211、Irgarol 1051、甲苯磺酰胺和二氯氟烷。更优选的是氧化亚铜、吡啶硫酮铜、吡啶硫酮锌、吡啶-三苯基硼烷和Sea-Nine 211。这些防污剂可单独使用或组合使用。
本发明组合物中防污剂的量没有特别限制,并且相对于本发明组合物的固体含量,通常为0.1质量%至75质量%,并且优选1质量%至60质量%。当防污剂的量小于0.1质量%时,可能无法获得足够的防污效果。当防污剂的量超过75质量%时,所得涂膜易碎,并且涂膜对涂布物的粘附性弱,因此涂膜不能充分发挥作为防污涂膜的功能。
典型的防污涂料可包括:
(A)下面描述的一种或多种基材或表面,(B)(可选地)有机聚硅氧烷、倍半硅氧烷或有机硅树脂,其中有机聚硅氧烷、倍半硅氧烷或有机硅树脂每1分子具有两个或更多个硅烷醇或烷氧基,(C)上述有机硅烷(I),优选其中有机硅烷在1分子中具有两个或三个可水解基团,和/或部分水解-缩合产物或上述有机硅烷(I),(D)金属固化催化剂,(E)上述防污剂,和(F)选自醇或烃或酯或醚的挥发性溶剂。
在本发明中,如果需要,当不降低本发明的有利效果时,可将不同的固化催化剂(D)加入到防污涂料组合物中。具体示例包括羧酸,诸如乙酸,丙酸,丁酸,2-乙基己酸,月桂酸,硬脂酸,油酸,亚油酸,新戊酸,2,2-二甲基丁酸,2,2-二乙基丁酸,2,2-二甲基己酸,2,2-二乙基己酸,2,2-二甲基辛酸,2-乙基-2,5-二甲基己酸,新癸酸,叔碳酸和其它酸;羧酸衍生物(羧酸酐、酯、酰胺、腈和酰氯);金属羧酸盐,诸如羧酸锡,羧酸铅,羧酸铋,羧酸钾,羧酸钙,羧酸钡,羧酸钛,羧酸锆,羧酸铪,羧酸钒,羧酸锰,羧酸铁,羧酸钴,羧酸镍,羧酸铈和其它羧酸盐;钛化合物,诸如钛酸四丁酯,钛酸四丙酯,四(乙酰丙酮)钛,二(乙酰丙酮)二异丙氧基钛,二(丙基丙酮酸)二异丙氧基钛和其它钛酸盐;有机锡化合物,诸如二月桂酸二丁基锡,马来酸二丁基锡,邻苯二甲酸二丁基锡,二辛酸二丁基锡,二丁基锡二(2-乙基己酸),二丁基锡双(马来酸甲酯),二丁基锡双(乙基马来酸酯),二丁基锡双(丁基马来酸酯),二丁基锡双(辛基马来酸酯),二丁基锡二(十三烷基马来酸酯),二丁基锡双(马来酸苄酯),二乙基锡二乙酸酯,二辛基锡双(马来酸乙酯),二辛基锡双(辛基马来酸酯),二丁基二甲氧基锡,二丁基锡双(壬基苯酚),二丁烯基氧化锡,二丁基氧化锡,二丁基锡双(乙酰丙酮),二丁基锡双(乙基乙酰丙酮酸酯),二丁基氧化锡和硅酸盐化合物的反应物,以及二丁基氧化锡和邻苯二甲酸酯和其它锡化合物的反应物;铝化合物,诸如三(乙酰丙酮)铝、三(乙酰乙酸乙酯)铝和二异丙氧基铝甲基乙酰乙酸酯和其它铝化合物;锆化合物,诸如四(乙酰丙酮)锆等;各种金属醇盐,诸如四丁氧基铪等;有机酸性磷酸盐;有机磺酸,诸如三氟甲磺酸等;以及无机酸,诸如盐酸、磷酸、硼酸和其它酸;路易斯酸,诸如卤化金属化合物,包括氯化铝,氯化钛,氯化锆,氯化锌,溴化锌,氯化铁,氯化铜,氯化锑,氯化锡等;三氟甲磺酸盐,包括金属三氟甲磺酸盐,诸如三氟甲磺酸铟、三氟甲磺酸锡、三烷基甲硅烷基三氟甲磺酸盐等;以及它们的衍生物。
当这些固化催化剂中的任何一种一起使用时,催化剂活性变高,并且预期在深度固化性、薄层固化性、粘合性等方面改善所得固化产物。然而,如果加入的羧酸的量大,则可能得不到所得固化产物的足够粘合性。
防雾剂可以是与任何类型的二氧化硅组合的有机硅烷(1)。例如,该组合物可包含有机硅烷(1)和胶体二氧化硅溶胶。
涂覆或处理组合物可用于涂覆表面,包括但不限于皮肤、毛发、织物、纤维、无机粉末、有机粉末、墙壁、地板、玻璃、镜子或金属。处理组合物可用于处理无机粉末。处理粉末的方法通常是本领域已知的。例如,处理粉末的方法公开在US20140323590A1中,其对于涉及表面处理方法的公开内容通过引用并入本文。US20-140323590A1公开了一些方法,诸如将过量的包含改性有机聚硅氧烷的粉末表面处理剂与粉末混合,并将表面处理剂和粉末与硅氧烷和氧化锆珠在涂漆搅拌器中混合1小时以产生表面处理过的粉末在硅氧烷中的分散。
一种涂覆或处理表面的方法,包括将处理或涂料组合物施加到表面上。一种涂覆表面的方法,包括将涂料组合物涂覆到表面上。
本发明的另一个实施方案是处理组合物,其包含式(I)的有机硅烷或通过制备有机硅烷的方法A或制备有机硅烷的方法B制备的有机硅烷的水解和/或缩合产物。处理组合物还包含至少一种另外的成分。至少一种另外的成分的示例包括但不限于以上针对个人护理组合物所述的那些。
本发明的一个实施方案是亲水性基材,其中基材已经用处理或涂料组合物处理或涂覆。
亲水性基材的示例包括但不限于粉末,或者金属氧化物;玻璃;颜料;酮质物质,另选的皮肤,另选的毛发;织物,另选的羊毛,尼龙或人造丝,或者用处理或涂料组合物处理过的羊毛。金属氧化物的示例包括但不限于氧化锌或二氧化钛。氧化锌和二氧化钛可商购获得。
实施例
通过以下的非限制性实施例来进一步说明本发明,并且本发明实施方案可以包括以下非限制性实施例的特征和限制的任意组合。
包括了如下实施例以阐述本发明的具体实施方案。本领域的技术人员应该理解,随后的实施例中公开的技术代表本发明人发现在实施本发明中表现良好的技术,因而可视为构成其实施的模式。然而,根据本公开,本领域的技术人员应该理解,可以在所公开的具体实施方案中做出许多改变且仍可获得类似或相似的结果而不脱离本发明的实质和范围。除非另外指明,所有百分比均为重量%(重量%)。除非另有说明,否则环境温度为约23℃。
实施例1
用硅烷处理氧化锌的方法:将10克20%(w/w)氧化锌(来自Tayca Corporation的MZ-500,平均粒径为25纳米)在异丙醇(IPA)中的混合物缓慢加入到在玻璃瓶中40g氧化锌、75g IPA和0.1g水的混合物,其中通过以1100rpm至1200rpm旋转的分散叶片混合并充分混合直至形成粗糙分散体。然后将玻璃瓶密封并超声处理30分钟。然后从样品中除去IPA以产生干燥的聚集体。然后研磨聚集体,得到硅烷处理过的氧化锌细粉。然后将该经硅烷处理过的氧化锌细粉形成35%的含水分散体。
处理过的氧化锌的35%水分散体的制备:将65g水和35g硅烷处理的氧化锌细粉加入225ml玻璃瓶中,然后手动混合,形成粗浆液。然后将氧化锆珠(直径0.8mm)加入瓶中。然后将瓶密封并在涂漆搅拌器上振荡15小时以形成分散体。然后通过合适的筛网过滤除去氧化锆珠粒。
硅烷处理过的氧化锌分散体的透射和分散性测试:
*1%至35%分散性;*2用超声波稀释35%分散体水溶液;*3 1.063mm薄液体膜,0.25%的1,3-BG分散体(相当于2.7微米的固体)
实施例2
玻璃涂层性质:通过浸渍碱性介质清洗玻璃,然后用去离子水冲洗并在23℃下干燥,制备玻璃基板。然后将玻璃浸入酸中,然后在23℃下干燥。然后用0.6%(w/w)硅烷的乙醇溶液浸涂玻璃。然后将经硅烷处理的玻璃在130℃下固化2小时,用去离子水清洗并轻轻擦干。然后用10微升水滴测试表面的接触角。测试的硅烷和结果在下表中。
接触角测试结果:
Claims (15)
1.一种组合物,所述组合物包含:
具有式(I)
(I)X-A-Z的有机硅烷的组合物,
其中X为-SiR4 nR2 (3-n),其中每个R4独立地为OR1或卤素,其中每个R1独立地为氢或C1-4烃基,并且每个R2独立地为C1-4烃基,并且n为1至3,A为C1-10亚烃基,其中亚烃基的主链被一个或多个氧原子、一个或多个氮原子、或羰基取代,Z为糖基、单甘油基、二甘油基、聚甘油基或木糖醇基,并且其中所述组合物为个人护理组合物、表面处理组合物、防雾组合物、涂料组合物、表面处理过的粉末、涂漆组合物或油墨组合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中Z是由Glya表示的单甘油、二甘油或聚甘油基团,其中Gly是R3CH2CH(R3)CH2R3,其中每个R3独立地代表羟基、与A连接的氧原子或与另一个Gly单元连接的氧原子,并且a是1至5的整数;或由Xyl表示的木糖醇基,其中Xyl是CH2(R5)CH(R5)CH2C(H)(R5)CH2R5,其中每个R5独立地代表羟基或将Xyl连接到A的氧原子。
3.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中A的亚烷基主链被一个氧原子、一个氮原子、-NC(O)O-或-NC(O)N-取代,或者其中A是由以下结构表示的取代的C1-10亚烃基。
4.根据权利要求1所述的组合物,其中A被-OH或–CH2OH取代,并且Z是N(R7)(CH3)CH2[C(H)(R6)]4CH2(R6),其中每个R6独立地代表羟基或连接到A的氧原子,并且R7代表氢原子、烃基或与A的键合。
5.根据权利要求1所述的组合物作为表面处理剂的用途。
6.一种处理表面的方法,包括将1所述的组合物施加到表面上。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法,其中所述表面是皮肤、毛发、织物、纤维、无机粉末、墙壁、地板、玻璃、镜子或金属。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中所述表面是无机粉末。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述粉末是ZnO或TiO2粉末。
10.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的组合物,还包含以下材料a)至n)中的至少一种:a)防晒剂,b)着色剂,c)防雾添加剂,d)除有机硅烷之外的聚合物,e)表面活性剂,f)防污剂,g)填料,h)粉末,i)化妆品成分,j)油,k)蜡,1)水,m)另一种有机硅烷,n)水溶性材料,和o)弹性体。
11.根据权利要求10所述的组合物,其中所述组合物是分散体。
12.根据权利要求10所述的组合物,其中所述组合物包含d),并且d)是聚硅氧烷。
13.根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的组合物,其包含g)、h)、或g)和h),其中g)、h)、或g)和h)是用有机硅烷处理过的表面。
14.根据权利要求13所述的组合物,其中g)、h)、或g)和h)分散在所述组合物中。
15.根据权利要求10至14中任一项所述的组合物,其中所述组合物是防晒组合物。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6737896B2 (ja) | 2020-08-12 |
WO2017189077A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
US20210188883A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
EP3448350A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
JP2019516822A (ja) | 2019-06-20 |
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