CN109049867A - 铁路车辆防火复合式地板及铺设有该地板的铁路车辆 - Google Patents

铁路车辆防火复合式地板及铺设有该地板的铁路车辆 Download PDF

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CN109049867A
CN109049867A CN201810601002.4A CN201810601002A CN109049867A CN 109049867 A CN109049867 A CN 109049867A CN 201810601002 A CN201810601002 A CN 201810601002A CN 109049867 A CN109049867 A CN 109049867A
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floor
heat
aluminum
rolling stock
resistant coating
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冯立勋
刘洪菲
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CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles Co Ltd
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    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
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    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
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    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
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    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D17/00—Construction details of vehicle bodies
    • B61D17/04—Construction details of vehicle bodies with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood body structures
    • B61D17/10—Floors
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/304—Insulating
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    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

一种铁路车辆客室防火复合式地板，包括铝型材、橡胶支撑、铝蜂窝地板、地板布，其特征在于：在铝型材和铝蜂窝地板之间且避开橡胶支撑铺设隔热材，隔热材上表面与橡胶支撑上表面平齐，铝型材下面喷有防火涂层。本发明通过增加隔热材料碳纤维棉和陶瓷纤维，并在铝型材下面喷有防火涂层SVT或PTG，当发生火灾时，火焰先与防火涂层接触，防火涂层在遇到高温燃烧的情况下膨胀，形成阻隔层，将火焰与铝型材地板隔绝开来，只有一小部分热量能够传递到铝蜂窝地板的上面，再通过上面敷设的隔热材料隔热，进一步隔绝热量向铝蜂窝地板的传递，这样传递到地板布表面的温度就不会太高，整个地板在燃烧过程中能够保持45分钟以上的完整性，给乘客的疏散及逃生赢得宝贵时间，提高了列车的安全性指标，极大保护了生命财产的安全。

Description

铁路车辆防火复合式地板及铺设有该地板的铁路车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及铁路车辆，尤其涉及的是满足ASTM E119-2015防火标准的铁路车辆客室地板。
背景技术
目前业主对车辆的安全性要求越来越高，由其是对车辆的防火，对于车体铝地板的整体防火结构更是提出了最新的高要求。传统的铝地板加铝蜂窝地板在温度为600℃即融化，无法满足火灾情况下乘客逃生所需的时间。为了乘客的安全，急需研发一种能够持久防火达45分钟以上的新型地板来满足更高的防火要求，提高安全性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种铁路车辆客室防火复合地板，即地板结构要在AW3加载状态下满足45分钟的防火要求，使乘客在火灾发生时能够有足够的时间逃生。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种铁路车辆防火复合式地板，包括铝型材、橡胶支撑、铝蜂窝地板、地板布，橡胶支撑间隔均匀粘接在铝型材上面，地板布设置于铝蜂窝地板上面，其特征在于：在铝型材和铝蜂窝地板之间且避开橡胶支撑铺设隔热材，隔热材上表面与橡胶支撑上表面平齐，铝型材下面喷有防火涂层。
所述的隔热材是由碳纤维棉和陶瓷纤维组成，碳纤维棉在陶瓷纤维上面。
所述的碳纤维棉厚度为15mm,陶瓷纤维厚度为4 mm。
所述的防火涂层为SVT或PTG，SVT厚度为1.7 mm，PTG厚度为3mm。
一种铁路车辆，包括车体、地板，其特征在于：地板为上述防火复合式地板。
本发明通过增加隔热材料碳纤维棉和陶瓷纤维，并在铝型材下面喷有防火涂层SVT或PTG，当发生火灾时，火焰先与防火涂层接触，防火涂层在遇到高温燃烧的情况下膨胀，形成阻隔层，将火焰与铝型材地板隔绝开来，只有一小部分热量能够传递到铝蜂窝地板的上面，再通过上面敷设的隔热材料隔热，进一步隔绝热量向铝蜂窝地板的传递，这样传递到地板布表面的温度就不会太高，整个地板在燃烧过程中能够保持45分钟以上的完整性，给乘客的疏散及逃生赢得宝贵时间，提高了列车的安全性指标，极大保护了生命财产的安全。
附图说明
图1 为本发明具体实施方式的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
参照图1，按照防火标准ASTM E119-2015，45分钟燃烧的温度可高达890℃左右，而且标准中要求是AW3的加载状态，此温度下如果铝型材与火焰直接接触已融化。为保证地板结构的整体性保持完整，这就要求整体地板结构必须能承受高温且具有良好的隔热性能。本发明具体实施方式是：从下至上依次为防火涂层7、铝型材6、碳纤维棉3、橡胶支撑4、陶瓷纤维5、铝蜂窝地板2、地板布1。防火涂层7为SVT或PTG，SVT厚度为1.7 mm，PTG厚度为3mm。在遇到高温燃烧的情况下防火涂层会膨胀，形成阻隔层，将火焰与铝型材隔绝开来，保证受火面的铝型材在火焰燃烧中不会烧穿，从而保证结构的整体性；通过在铝型材6上面敷设15mm碳纤维棉3和4mm陶瓷纤维5，进一步隔绝热量向铝蜂窝地板2的传递，这样传递到地板布1上面的温度就不会太高，整个地板在燃烧过程中保证了完整性，给乘客的逃生提供了充足的时间。试验证明，温升满足ASTM E119-2015的要求，平均温升不超过139℃，最高温升不超过181℃。
通过实际第三方防火试验验证，此种结构能够满足ASTM E119-2015的防火要求，燃烧保证完整性的时间超过50分钟，大于标准所要求的45分钟。

Claims (5)

1.一种铁路车辆防火复合式地板，包括铝型材、橡胶支撑、铝蜂窝地板、地板布，橡胶支撑间隔均匀粘接在铝型材上面，地板布设置于铝蜂窝地板上面，其特征在于：在铝型材和铝蜂窝地板之间且避开橡胶支撑铺设隔热材，隔热材上表面与橡胶支撑上表面平齐，铝型材下面喷有防火涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铁路车辆防火复合式地板，其特征在于：所述的隔热材是由碳纤维棉和陶瓷纤维组成，碳纤维棉在陶瓷纤维上面。
3.根据权利要求2所述的铁路车辆防火复合式地板，其特征在于：所述的碳纤维棉厚度为15mm,陶瓷纤维厚度为4 mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铁路车辆防火复合式地板，其特征在于：所述的防火涂层为SVT或PTG，SVT厚度为1.7 mm，PTG厚度为3mm。
5.一种铁路车辆，包括车体、地板，其特征在于：地板为权利要求1-4任一项所述的防火复合式地板。
CN201810601002.4A 2018-06-12 2018-06-12 铁路车辆防火复合式地板及铺设有该地板的铁路车辆 Withdrawn CN109049867A (zh)

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CN110203225A (zh) * 2019-07-12 2019-09-06 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种适应美标防火要求的地板结构
CN114537683A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-05-27 中国航空制造技术研究院 一种复合防火隔热结构
TWI785950B (zh) * 2021-01-06 2022-12-01 日商日立製作所股份有限公司 軌條式車輛及軌條式車輛之製造方法
WO2023284225A1 (zh) * 2021-07-16 2023-01-19 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 一种地板装置及轨道车辆

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CN201907514U (zh) * 2011-01-10 2011-07-27 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 地铁车辆浮动地板
CN104057966A (zh) * 2014-06-03 2014-09-24 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种环保隔声高速列车地板结构
CN206781139U (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-12-22 郭海峰 一种轻质碳纤维棉
CN207000462U (zh) * 2017-05-23 2018-02-13 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种轨道车辆车厢耐火铝地板结构

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CN201907514U (zh) * 2011-01-10 2011-07-27 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 地铁车辆浮动地板
CN104057966A (zh) * 2014-06-03 2014-09-24 长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种环保隔声高速列车地板结构
CN206781139U (zh) * 2017-03-20 2017-12-22 郭海峰 一种轻质碳纤维棉
CN207000462U (zh) * 2017-05-23 2018-02-13 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种轨道车辆车厢耐火铝地板结构

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110203225A (zh) * 2019-07-12 2019-09-06 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 一种适应美标防火要求的地板结构
TWI785950B (zh) * 2021-01-06 2022-12-01 日商日立製作所股份有限公司 軌條式車輛及軌條式車輛之製造方法
WO2023284225A1 (zh) * 2021-07-16 2023-01-19 中车唐山机车车辆有限公司 一种地板装置及轨道车辆
CN114537683A (zh) * 2022-03-11 2022-05-27 中国航空制造技术研究院 一种复合防火隔热结构

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Application publication date: 20181221