CN109026003B - Continuous mining method of spiral auger mining machine for gently inclined extremely-thin vein soft rock ore body - Google Patents
Continuous mining method of spiral auger mining machine for gently inclined extremely-thin vein soft rock ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN109026003B CN109026003B CN201810743762.9A CN201810743762A CN109026003B CN 109026003 B CN109026003 B CN 109026003B CN 201810743762 A CN201810743762 A CN 201810743762A CN 109026003 B CN109026003 B CN 109026003B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010878 waste rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous mining method of an auger mining machine for gently inclined extremely thin vein soft rock ore bodies, which comprises the following steps: dividing the ore body along the trend into panels along the trend, dividing ore blocks along the trend in the panels, and reserving interval ore pillars between the panels; arranging stage transportation roadways along the trend of ore bodies in the ore vein, reserving a top pillar at the top of an ore block, excavating and stoping an upper mountain in the center of the ore block along the trend, and supporting the stoping upper mountain by using an anchor rod; adopting the auger mining machine to enter a stoping mountain from a stage haulage roadway, starting from the position of a top pillar of an ore block, from top to bottom, retreating stoping the left side and the right side simultaneously, supporting a top plate by using a hydraulic prop, forcibly ventilating a working face by using a local fan, pressing polluted air to an ore pile, repeating the steps, continuously mining an extremely thin ore body, discharging ore by using a scraper, removing the hydraulic prop after the stoping of the whole ore block is finished, and forcibly caving by relying on the gravity of the top plate to control the ground pressure. The invention has the advantages of low ore dilution rate, high mining efficiency and safety and low construction cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mining, and particularly relates to a continuous mining method of an auger mining machine for a gently inclined extremely thin vein soft rock ore body, which is particularly suitable for mining the gently inclined and extremely thin vein soft rock ore body of coal series bauxite.
Background
The slowly inclined extremely thin ore body is one of main occurrence forms of non-coal mines in China. The restriction of ore body thickness and inclination, stope ore transport difficulty, the stope degree of difficulty are big, the roof is difficult to manage, the security is poor.
The traditional drilling and blasting mining method is difficult to overcome the defects, and has the defects of large derivative damage, poor operation safety, discontinuous process, low production efficiency, low energy utilization rate, high cost, multiple processes, complex construction organization and the like. Other types of wall caving methods, room-column methods and comprehensive methods have various problems, for example, various wall caving methods have complicated extraction procedures, low working efficiency, high material consumption, large cutting engineering quantity of bottom plate rocks and higher mining cost; and the room-column method and the comprehensive method have the advantages of low ore recovery rate, difficult recovery of ore columns, high dilution rate and low resource utilization degree.
Therefore, an effective mining method for realizing safe, economical and efficient mining of the gently inclined extremely thin ore body is not available.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an auger mining machine continuous mining method for soft rock ore bodies of gentle dip extremely thin vein.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an auger mining method for the continuous mining of gently dipping, extremely thin vein soft rock ore bodies comprising the steps of:
(1) dividing the ore body along the trend into panels along the trend, dividing ore blocks along the trend in the panels, and reserving interval ore pillars between the panels; preferably, the inclined length of the section is 60m, the length of the ore block is 30-40 m, and the length of the interval ore pillar is 10-20 m;
(2) arranging stage transportation roadways along the trend of ore bodies in the ore vein, reserving a top pillar at the top of an ore block, excavating and stoping an upper mountain in the center of the ore block along the trend, and supporting the stoping upper mountain by using an anchor rod; preferably, a mining machine or a drilling and blasting method is adopted to arrange a stage haulage roadway, the height of a top pillar is 6-8 m, the width of a stoping upward mountain is 6-10 m, and the lengths of ore bodies on the left side and the right side are 10-12 m;
(3) and (3) enabling the auger mining machine to enter a stoping and ascending mountain through a stage haulage roadway, starting from the position of the ore block top pillar, and simultaneously retreating the left side and the right side from top to bottom: the auger mining machine is positioned in the stoping mountain, a auger bit is made to penetrate into an extremely-thin soft rock stratum, an ore body is conveyed to the stoping mountain in a spiral mode, the position of the auger bit is adjusted, the ore body is mined to the boundary position of the ore body, a hydraulic prop is adopted to support a top plate, a working face is forced to ventilate by a local fan, dirty air is pressed to an ore pile, the steps are repeated, and the extremely-thin ore body is continuously mined until the ore pile in the stoping mountain is full;
(4) withdrawing the auger miner from the stope and removing the ore with a scraper, preferably, the ore is removed via a chute or belt;
(5) and (5) repeating the steps (3) to (4) until the whole ore block is completely mined, then removing the hydraulic prop, and forcibly caving by means of the gravity of the top plate to control the ground pressure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the section of a dead zone generated by cutting and breaking rock of the spiral drill mining machine is relatively complete, large stress concentration is avoided, the stability of a top plate is facilitated, the exposed area of an operation surface is small, and the safety is high due to the fact that an anchor rod and a hydraulic support are matched for supporting;
(2) the spiral drill mining machine can accurately cut target ore, avoids mixing of waste rocks, is low in dilution rate, meanwhile, mining and cutting projects such as a stage haulage roadway, a stoping and climbing project and the like are uniformly distributed in a vein, so that the tunneling cost is reduced, the working face is centralized, the management is convenient, the centralized arrangement of auxiliary projects such as wind, water, electricity and the like is facilitated, and the production cost is greatly saved;
(3) the auger mining machine is adopted for reciprocating and circulating mining, working procedures such as drilling, charging, connecting, blasting and the like are not needed for mining by a drilling and blasting method, the lumpiness of the ore after cutting is moderate, secondary blasting is not needed, and the mining process is greatly simplified;
(4) broken ore is carried out by the scraper, the mining process of each mining area is mutually independent, the degree of mechanization is high, the labor intensity of workers is low, a plurality of working faces can be used for stoping simultaneously, high-intensity continuous mining is realized, the mined-out area of the ore body is not required to be processed, the top is forcibly set by relying on the gravity of the top plate to control the ground pressure, and the operation safety and the mining efficiency are further improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mining method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 1;
in the figure: 1-stage transportation roadway; 2-a top pillar; 3-mining the mountain; 4-waste rock; 5-ore body; 6-roof surrounding rock; 7-bottom surrounding rock; 8-roof protection anchor rod; 9-hydraulic prop; 10-auger mining machine.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the application of the auger mining machine of the present invention to continuous mining is illustrated by taking the mining of soft rock ore bodies in gently sloping ultra-thin vein of certain coal-based bauxite as an example. Specifically, the mining process is as follows:
(1) the ore body 5 is divided into stages along the trend, an ore plate area is divided along the trend in the ore plate area, ore blocks are divided along the trend in the ore plate area, and an interval ore pillar is reserved between the ore plate area and the ore plate area, wherein the inclined length of the stages is 60m, the length of the ore blocks is 30m, and the length of the interval ore pillar is 10-20 m.
(2) The method comprises the steps of arranging a stage transportation roadway 1 in a vein along the trend of ore bodies by adopting a mining machine or a drilling and blasting method, reserving a top pillar 2 with the height of 6-8 m at the top of each ore block, arranging a stoping upward-going mountain 3 in the center of each ore block along the trend, supporting a top plate surrounding rock 6 by adopting a top protection anchor rod 8, and dividing the ore blocks into ore bodies on the left side and the right side, wherein the length of each ore body is 10-12 m.
(3) The auger mining machine 10 enters the stoping uphill 3 from the stage haulage roadway 1, and starts from the position of the top pillar 2, and retreats stoping from the top to the bottom and from the left side and the right side simultaneously. The auger mining machine 10 is positioned in the stoping upward mountain 3, only the auger bit enters the vein, when the stoping upward mountain 3 works, the auger bit goes deep into the ultra-thin soft rock stratum, the ore body is conveyed to the stoping upward mountain 3 in a spiral mode, the position of the auger bit is adjusted, the ore body is mined to the boundary position of the ore body, the hydraulic prop 9 is used for supporting the surrounding rock 6 of the top plate, the stope is forced to ventilate by a local fan, the polluted air is pressed to the ore pile, the operation is repeated, and the ultra-thin ore body is continuously mined until the ore pile in the stoping upward mountain 3 is full.
(4) The auger mining machine 10 is withdrawn from the stope, the ore is removed by a scraper, and the ore enters the stage haulage roadway 1 through the stope 3 and is then hauled out through a chute or by a belt.
(5) And (4) repeating the steps (3) to (4) until the whole ore block is completely mined, directly removing the hydraulic prop 9 without processing the mined out area of the ore body, forcibly caving the ore body by relying on the gravity of the top plate to control the ground pressure without backfilling the mined out area, and ensuring the operation safety and the mining efficiency.
The mining process adopts large-scale operation equipment, and compared with the existing mining method, the ore cutting precision is high, the dilution rate is low, the stability of a stope roof is good, and the construction safety is high. And the mining processes of all mining areas are mutually independent, the degree of mechanization and the mining efficiency are high, the labor organization is simple, a plurality of working faces can be used for mining simultaneously, the personnel allocation is reduced, and the mining cost is greatly reduced.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited thereto, and any modification or equivalent replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An auger mining method for the continuous mining of gently dipping, extremely thin vein soft rock ore bodies, comprising the steps of:
(1) dividing the ore body along the trend into panels along the trend, dividing ore blocks along the trend in the panels, and reserving interval ore pillars between the panels;
(2) arranging stage transportation roadways along the trend of ore bodies in the ore vein, reserving a top pillar at the top of an ore block, excavating and stoping an upper mountain in the center of the ore block along the trend, and supporting the stoping upper mountain by using an anchor rod; arranging stage haulage roadways by adopting a mining machine or a drilling and blasting method;
(3) and (3) enabling the auger mining machine to enter a stoping and ascending mountain through a stage haulage roadway, starting from the position of the ore block top pillar, and simultaneously retreating the left side and the right side from top to bottom: the auger mining machine is positioned in the stoping mountain, a auger bit is made to penetrate into an extremely-thin soft rock stratum, an ore body is conveyed to the stoping mountain in a spiral mode, the position of the auger bit is adjusted, the ore body is mined to the boundary position of the ore body, a hydraulic prop is adopted to support a top plate, a working face is forced to ventilate by a local fan, dirty air is pressed to an ore pile, the steps are repeated, and the extremely-thin ore body is continuously mined until the ore pile in the stoping mountain is full;
(4) withdrawing the auger mining machine from the stope, using a scraper to remove ores, and carrying out stoping and raising on the ores to enter a stage haulage roadway and then carrying out the ores;
(5) and (5) repeating the steps (3) to (4) until the whole ore block is completely mined, then removing the hydraulic prop from the empty area, and forcibly caving the ore block by means of the gravity of the top plate to control the ground pressure.
2. An auger mining continuous mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lumps are of a step slope length of 60m, the lumps are of a length of 30 to 40m and the interbore pillars are of a length of 10 to 20 m.
3. An auger mining continuous mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the roof pillar height is 6 to 8 m.
4. An auger miner continuous mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stoping uphill width is 6-10 m and the ore body lengths on the left and right sides are 10-12 m.
5. An auger mining continuous mining method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ore is hauled out via a chute or belt.
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| CN118167311B (en) * | 2024-04-23 | 2024-09-24 | 北京科技大学 | Lean and thin vein light and tough material lean and safe supporting structure and mining method |
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| CN107165635A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-09-15 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | A kind of oblique pinpoint blasting mining codes for slight slope and thin ore body |
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| US5261729A (en) * | 1990-12-10 | 1993-11-16 | Mining Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus for continuous mining |
| RU2030581C1 (en) * | 1992-07-20 | 1995-03-10 | Горный институт Кольского научного центра РАН | Method for combined mining of thick ore bodies |
| CN1221727C (en) * | 2002-09-09 | 2005-10-05 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | Continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process and support equipment thereof |
| AU2014200978A1 (en) * | 2013-03-01 | 2014-09-18 | Poseidon Nickel Limited | Underground Mining Method |
| CN104265297B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-02-24 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | The exploitation method of the frangible Synergism inhibition of a kind of multilayer |
| CN104963688B (en) * | 2015-06-06 | 2017-01-18 | 山东黄金矿业(莱州)有限公司三山岛金矿 | Prevention and control method for falling of pumice at roof and two slopes of stope in medium-long hole mining |
| CN106437718B (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Actively connect two step strip filling mining codes of top |
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