CN1221727C - Continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process and support equipment thereof - Google Patents
Continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process and support equipment thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN1221727C CN1221727C CN02129398.8A CN02129398A CN1221727C CN 1221727 C CN1221727 C CN 1221727C CN 02129398 A CN02129398 A CN 02129398A CN 1221727 C CN1221727 C CN 1221727C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a house column type short arm mechanized coal mining method for a continuous miner and a supporting apparatus thereof. The present invention has the main technical measure that the coal mining method has the following mining technological method: when coal columns in a branch roadway are mined, the coal columns are cut by the continuous miner in a mode of alternate oblique cutting at the double vanes of the branch roadway at the oblique cutting angle of 30 to 60 degrees, and a top plate is supported by a crawler belt walking type hydraulic support. The present invention solves the problem of mining in irregular corner blocks, partial small mine fields and coal beds and regions which are not suitable for being mined by arranging a long arm working surface and realizes safe and reasonable mining with high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mining Technology Underground Coal Mine, particularly a kind of continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process.
Background technology
Traditional continuous miner house column type short-walling technology is firstly appeared in the U.S., and its capital equipment has continuous miner, jumbolter, coal conveyor etc.Continuous research and improvement through more than 50 years have formed the short arm mechanized coal mining process that establishes one's own system.In the U.S., adopt the output of short arm mechanized coal-mining method leading always in the well worker mines, in recent years, because the development of longwall full-mechanized mining technique, the output of continuous miner exploitation falls after rise to some extent.At present, also have states such as Australia, South Africa, India and Canada all extensively to adopt short arm mechanized coal mining except that the U.S., obtained favorable economic benefit, but the goaf Pillar Recovery is well solved not, the rate of extraction is generally about 60%.
Shortwall mining methods such as room formula, pillar and house column type, 50～sixties of 20th century, China use commonplace.Domesticly generally continue to use traditional simple exploitation method of room formula, pillar and house column type, its method is simple, technology backwardness, poor stability, efficient are low, float coal is many in the goaf.Particularly the rate of recovery is too low, and the rate of recovery of using artificial big gun to adopt generally has only about 30%, and the rate of recovery of using simple and mechanical exploitation only is about 50%.The beginning of the seventies, along with the longwall machinery coal winning technology at home rise and popularize, the Shortwall mining method is except that the coal pit that occupies a narrow space adopts, state-owned large-scale mine does not re-use this method basically.Main cause is that the coal recovery rate of this coal winning technology is low, and mechanization degree is low, ventilation condition is relatively poor, work efficiency is low, can't guarantee safety in production.Traditional room mining face process for stoping is: dig gallery in the exploiting field, coal body is cut into square coal column, digging is split the post lane in square coal column then, and opens bordroom by splitting the post lane again to both sides.Digging gallery and managing with anchor pole when splitting the post lane, and in coal column, no longer beat anchor pole during the pick bordroom.The disadvantage of this process for stoping is the ventilation system complexity, the ventilating management difficulty; The rate of extraction is low, and the rate of extraction only is about 30%.
But, comparatively speaking, this coal-mining method, its input is lower, and coal production is with low cost, thereby small coal mine still adopts this coal-mining method.Since 1979, China successively introduced the continuous miner of multiple model, tested in the mining area that condition is fit to, and had brought into play continuous miner digging unification, the advantage of maneuverability.But just adopted room formula coal-mining method to reclaim at that time, the mechanization of only solved, adorn, transporting, the supporting machine problem when not realizing reclaiming coal column.Therefore, when reclaiming coal column, can only adopt partially recycled method, leave the abundant residues coal column in the goaf.Not only coal recovery rate is low, has caused potential safety hazard for the underground coal spontaneous combustion, and the bearing pressure of abandoned coal pillar easily causes stress to concentrate in the base plate transmission, brings unfavorable factor for the exploitation of lower floor's coal.Because above-mentioned influence factor fails to be solved well, it is retired that present domestic major part used the mine of continuous miner machine to be adopted by company.
China Shen Dong mining area is applied to short-walling with the continuous miner corollary equipment since nineteen ninety-five.1999 at first in the sea then the colliery carried out " the short arm mechanized coal-mining method of single-blade " test, this coal-mining method is compared with room and pillar mining technology, the employing unidirectional from inside to outside recovery coal column of feed of cutting sth. askew stays between per twice feed and establishes the wide coal column roof supporting of 0.9m.Its working face extraction rate can reach about 65%, has improved more than 25% than traditional house column type process for stoping.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve irregular side angle and section, the small-sized field with "nine squares" of part and to be not suitable for arranging the coal seam of coal wall exploitation and the mining problem of piece section, propose a kind of continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process and support apparatus thereof, can realize efficient, safety, reasonably exploit.
According to a main aspect of the present invention, the process for stoping method of this coal-mining method is: use the double-vane of continuous miner at offset during back production offset coal column, the feed mode of cutting sth. askew of taking to hocket cuts coal column, and mis-cut angle is the 30-60 degree, and adopts the caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support supporting roof.
The process for stoping method of coal-mining method of the present invention also comprises: use the double-vane of continuous miner at offset during back production offset coal column, the feed mode of cutting sth. askew of taking to hocket cuts coal column, the feed width is 3.3m, mis-cut angle is 60 degree, depth of cut generally is as the criterion to cut overdraw lane coal column, stay the square coal column of having established 3.3m * 3.3m, behind work plane, return when removing, again protection pillar is further reclaimed.
According to another main aspect of the present invention, the support apparatus that this coal winning technology method is used is caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support, and caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support adopts the hydraulic support supporting mechanism and the development machine walking mechanism is combined forms.Mainly form by walking mechanism, chassis, coal-ploughing board, back timber, caving shield, column, front-rear linkage, hydraulic system, electrical system, remote control system.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows fairly obvious:
Applying of short arm mechanized production technique, can reclaim non-renewable coal resources to greatest extent, guarantee the mine safety ordinary production, prolong mine service-life, form longwall full-mechanized mining technique and the short arm mechanized exploitation best production model of additional modern large-scale mine mutually, also make middle-size and small-size mine realize that mechanical mining becomes possibility.
Applying of house column type short arm mechanized production technique, can reclaim non-renewable coal resources to greatest extent, guarantee the mine safety ordinary production, prolong mine service-life, improve constantly economic benefit of coal enterprises, promote the Coal Economy structural adjustment, drive relevant traditional industry upgrading transformation, to strengthening energy base construction, keep the sustainable development of coal industry that extremely important meaning is arranged.
Because caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support shielding is arranged, the goaf coal column is except that the coal column at continuous miner cutting dead angle can not reclaim, most coal columns in the bordroom will be recovered, the residual coal column of leaving over is not enough to roof supporting, thereby the direct top of top board will be with adopting with emitting, and the old top certain distance safety that also can lag behind collapses.
Adopt " continuous miner, caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support shortwall fully-mechanized mining " process and support apparatus, resource recovery has been brought up to more than 75%, maximum has reached 87%.
The present invention is particularly suitable in the irregular exploiting field of the near horizontal medium-thickness seam exploiting field that is difficult for the development comprehensive mechanical coal mining, middle-size and small-size mine superficial part or that have the condition of being opened up by adits, large-scale mine or is difficult for adopting the tomography of longwall full-mechanized mining technique to cut apart band or corner coal column and " three times " mining area of needing protection uses.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the short arm mechanized working face mining of the single-blade of a prior art system;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that adopts the double-vane pillar recovery method of caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a double-vane feed short-walling of the present invention goaf abandoned coal pillar schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further detailed.
Working face mining of the present invention system as shown in Figure 2.
The process for stoping of coal-mining method of the present invention is: the coal column of back production offset 1 (by Reference numeral 1 ', 2 ', 3 ', 4 ', 5 ', 6 ') time, with continuous miner at the double-vane of offset; And employing caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support 2 supporting roofs; Taking simultaneously hockets, and the feed mode of cutting sth. askew cuts coal column, and the feed width is 3.3m, and angle is 60 degree, and depth of cut generally is as the criterion to cut overdraw lane coal column, and the degree of depth is about 11m.This coal-mining method adopts double-vane cutting coal column and adopts the caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support supporting roof when reclaiming strip coal pillar, cancelled the wide coal skin of 0.9m, change and stay the square coal column of establishing 3.3m * 3.3m, the rate of extraction is brought up to more than 75% by original 65%, its Pillar Recovery figure sees Fig. 2.
Compare with the mode of traditional house column type shortwall stope (as shown in Figure 1), the rate of recovery of the present invention has on average improved more than 45%.Adopt after this method back production, goaf abandoned coal pillar schematic diagram as shown in Figure 4.Return behind work plane when removing, protection pillar is further reclaimed again, its rate of recovery can reach more than 87%.
Because caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support 2 shielding are arranged, the goaf coal column is except that the coal column at continuous miner cutting dead angle can not reclaim, most coal columns in the bordroom will be recovered (as shown in Figure 4), the residual coal column of leaving over is not enough to roof supporting, thereby the direct top of top board will be with adopting with emitting, and the old top certain distance safety that also can lag behind collapses.The roof control mode belongs to whole caving methods.
The structure chart of caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support 2 as shown in Figure 3.Caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support of the present invention adopts hydraulic support supporting mechanism and the combined support apparatus of development machine walking mechanism, mainly by forming: a walking mechanism 3 that is positioned at the bottom with the lower part, a chassis 4 that is installed on the walking mechanism 3, a coal-ploughing board 5 that is positioned at walking mechanism one end, a back timber 6 that is positioned at the top, a caving shield that is connected with back timber 7, combine the column 8 of supporting top beam with back timber, the front-rear linkage 9 that is connected with caving shield 7, and corresponding hydraulic system, electrical system and remote control system.Wherein hydraulic system, electrical system and remote control system all are known technologies, just are not described in detail at this.
Caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support 2 of the present invention adopts hydraulic support supporting mechanism and the combined support apparatus of development machine walking mechanism, makes it to organically combine, and forms caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support 2.Caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support of the present invention in addition has stronger walking and escape function, even when the immediate roof large area caving is pressed frame, support also can be withdrawn from automatically; There is enough tractive force can draw other support, realizes the mutuum adjutorium between support.
Support cylinder 10 after also being provided with one, combine and support apparatus can be lifted with coal-ploughing board 5, are convenient to the maintenance of equipment and climb nest and save oneself.
Column 8 of the present invention is adopted as two telescopic oil cylinders, adopts sealing of polyamine fat and Antifriction pistons guide frame, the structural strength height, and long service life, easy for installation.
Back timber 6 adopts the cross syndetons with caving shield 7, and roof and floor is risen and fallen and the variation of geological conditions has good compliance, and the setting load adjusting range is big.
In addition, hydraulic system of the present invention adopts big capacity fuel tank, rises frame or falls in the frame at column, need not defuelling or drains the oil.And the present invention adopts two pair vane pumps, and each loop independence is strong, and reliability height, fault rate are low.Electrical system adopts the PLC control technology, and system is simple and reliable, protects complete.
And the present invention is provided with light-emitting nixie tube pressure and shows and early warning system, can monitor in real time front and back column 8 pressure.
In the present invention, lift on the track guiding wheel 12, big, the machine in crack to pass through performance good.Adopt high strength to forge creeper tread, supporting capacity.
The innovative point that this support apparatus also has is: in like product, adopt first big bearing height, Big working resistance and big setting load; Adopt the hydraulic support supporting way to combine with the development machine walking manner Support technology; The crawler travel technology of high-mechanic condition lower carriage; Adapt to the distant of underground work environment The control manipulation technology.
Claims (7)
1. continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process may further comprise the steps:
During back production offset (1) coal column, continuous miner is set at the double-vane of offset (1);
Use the support apparatus supporting roof, wherein said support apparatus is caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support (2), adopt the hydraulic support supporting mechanism to form with the development machine walking mechanism is combined, this caterpillar track travelling hydraulic support (2) mainly comprises: the walking mechanism (3) bottom being positioned at, a chassis (4) that is installed on the walking mechanism (3), a coal-ploughing board (5) that is positioned at walking mechanism (3) one ends, a back timber (6) that is positioned at the top braces top board, a caving shield (7) that is connected with back timber (6), combine the front and back column (8) of supporting top beam with back timber (6), with the front-rear linkage (9) that is connected with caving shield (7);
Cut coal column at the double-vane of offset (1) take the to hocket feed mode of cutting sth. askew, wherein mis-cut angle is 30-60 °;
Wherein, during back production offset (1) coal column, the feed width is 3.3m, and depth of cut is as the criterion to cut overdraw lane coal column, stays the square coal column of having established 3.3m * 3.3m, returns behind work plane when removing, and protection pillar is further reclaimed again.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described support apparatus also comprises can lift described support apparatus the back support cylinder (10) that combines with coal-ploughing board (5).
3. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described column (8) is two telescopic oil cylinders, adopt sealing of polyamine fat and Antifriction pistons guide frame,
4. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described back timber (6) adopts the cross syndeton with caving shield (7).
5. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described support apparatus also comprises and can the light-emitting nixie tube pressure that the pressure of front and back column (8) is monitored in real time be shown and early warning system.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, described support apparatus also comprise can more than the track guiding wheel (12) lifted.
7. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described support apparatus also comprises corresponding hydraulic system, electrical system and remote control system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN02129398.8A CN1221727C (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2002-09-09 | Continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process and support equipment thereof |
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| CN02129398.8A CN1221727C (en) | 2002-09-09 | 2002-09-09 | Continuous miner house column type short arm mechanized coal mining process and support equipment thereof |
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| CN1221727C true CN1221727C (en) | 2005-10-05 |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN100554642C (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-10-28 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of method of long-wall integrated-extraction reclaiming room-type coal column mining |
| CN101201004B (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2010-04-21 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Coal mining method |
| CN101899976A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-01 | 煤炭科学研究总院太原研究院 | Continuous coal mining process method of open-pit coal mine |
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| CN101824986B (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2012-05-30 | 闫振东 | Coal mining process of drilling, loading, conveying and anchoring integral machine |
| CN101839134B (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for recovering irregular stagnant coal pillars left by room coal mining method |
| CN101858216B (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2012-05-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for recovering stagnant coal pillars left by breast type coal mining method |
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| CN105888665B (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2018-12-04 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | The design method of pillar recovery scheme |
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-
2002
- 2002-09-09 CN CN02129398.8A patent/CN1221727C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101201004B (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2010-04-21 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Coal mining method |
| CN100554642C (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-10-28 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of method of long-wall integrated-extraction reclaiming room-type coal column mining |
| CN101899976A (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2010-12-01 | 煤炭科学研究总院太原研究院 | Continuous coal mining process method of open-pit coal mine |
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| CN1482343A (en) | 2004-03-17 |
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