CN109021571A - 一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料 - Google Patents

一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN109021571A
CN109021571A CN201810598057.4A CN201810598057A CN109021571A CN 109021571 A CN109021571 A CN 109021571A CN 201810598057 A CN201810598057 A CN 201810598057A CN 109021571 A CN109021571 A CN 109021571A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
resistance
expanding
ablation
agent
thermal response
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201810598057.4A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
张敏
李林辉
李立伟
廖晓东
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Northwest Rubber and Plastics Research and Design Institute
Original Assignee
Northwest Rubber and Plastics Research and Design Institute
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Northwest Rubber and Plastics Research and Design Institute filed Critical Northwest Rubber and Plastics Research and Design Institute
Priority to CN201810598057.4A priority Critical patent/CN109021571A/zh
Publication of CN109021571A publication Critical patent/CN109021571A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/32Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0014Use of organic additives
    • C08J9/0019Use of organic additives halogenated
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/22Expandable microspheres, e.g. Expancel®
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2383/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2383/04Polysiloxanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2477/00Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2477/10Polyamides derived from aromatically bound amino and carboxyl groups of amino carboxylic acids or of polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2483/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04Polysiloxanes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2483/00Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04Polysiloxanes
    • C08J2483/07Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料及其制备方法,该材料的组分包括:苯基硅橡胶、乙烯基硅橡胶、阻燃剂、补强剂、芳纶短切纤维、发泡剂、硫化剂和结构控制剂;本发明材料同时兼顾耐烧蚀和自膨胀功能;本发明材料产品在完全膨胀后仍具有较好的防火性能,在(1000~1100)℃火焰下,燃烧15min不烧穿,试样碳化层致密完整,仍保持密封性能;本发明材料可精确控制起始反应温度及膨胀倍率,并且可根据需要调节;本发明材料具有良好的耐高低温性能。

Description

一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料
技术领域
本发明属于航空航天飞行器热防护技术领域,具体涉及一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着国防技术的不断发展,一些飞行器的飞行速度越来越高,所面临的热环境也越来越严苛,耐烧蚀材料在这类飞行器的防热结构中具有十分重要的作用,一些特殊和关键部位的热防护往往还必须满足设计上的功能性要求,部分产品要求橡胶材料在正常情况下处于非膨胀状态,留出一定的活动间隙,保证结构件的功能,在温度达到设定温度时,要迅速膨胀,封住密封间隙,起到密封和热防护的作用。现有硅橡胶耐烧蚀材料可满足耐烧蚀性能要求,但不具备热响应自膨胀功能。部分硅橡胶材料可实现热响应自膨胀功能,但又无法满足1000℃以上热气流的热防护要求,因此,需研制出一种兼顾耐烧蚀以及自膨胀特性的橡胶材料,满足航空航天飞行器高温下的密封及热防护功能。
发明内容
为解决现有存在的技术问题,本发明提供一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料及其制备方法,它兼顾了密封、热防护、自膨胀等功能,满足飞行器的密封和热防护要求。
为达到上述目的,本发明的技术方案是:
一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料,其组分包括:苯基硅橡胶、乙烯基硅橡胶、阻燃剂、补强剂、芳纶短切纤维、发泡剂、硫化剂和结构控制剂;
各组分的质量份配比如下:
进一步的,所述发泡剂为可膨胀聚合物微球。
进一步的,所述硫化剂为2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰。
进一步的,所述结构控制剂为羟基硅油。
一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:使用双辊开炼机,将辊距调到所需值,在10~50℃辊温下加入基材,所述基材为苯基硅橡胶和乙烯基硅橡胶;
步骤二:双辊开炼机依次加入补强剂、阻燃剂、硫化剂及其结构控制剂,混炼混匀;
步骤三:在双辊开炼机加入芳纶短切纤维,混炼均匀下片;
步骤四:将胶料使用三辊研磨机研磨10~15遍,使芳纶短切纤维在胶料中分散均匀;
步骤五:将研磨后的胶料在双辊开炼机上加入发泡剂混炼均匀下片;
步骤六:下片停放24小时后,用平板硫化机硫化制样测试性能。
本发明的有益效果是:
1.本发明材料同时兼顾耐烧蚀和自膨胀功能;
2.本发明材料产品在完全膨胀后仍具有较好的防火性能,在(1000~1100)℃火焰下,燃烧15min不烧穿,试样碳化层致密完整,仍保持密封性能;
3.本发明材料可精确控制起始反应温度及膨胀倍率,并且可根据需要调节;
4. 本发明材料具有良好的耐高低温性能。
附图说明
图1是本发明热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶(厚度方向膨胀倍率为50%时)的对火面烧蚀图;
图2是本发明材料制样及产品成型工艺中使用的模具结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行进一步的说明:
一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料,其组分包括:苯基硅橡胶、乙烯基硅橡胶、阻燃剂、补强剂、芳纶短切纤维、发泡剂、硫化剂和结构控制剂;各组分的质量份配比如下:
本发明采用苯基硅橡胶及乙烯基硅橡胶为主体基材材料,使材料具有较好的耐高低温性能以及耐老化性能。选取铂金阻燃剂、十溴二苯己烷、磷酸三氯乙酯并用的阻燃体系提高材料的阻燃能力,选用芳纶短切纤维增强并提高材料的耐烧蚀结碳能力,选取可膨胀聚合物微球作为发泡体系,实现精准调节发泡温度以及发泡倍率,制备出具有热响应自膨胀功能,并且防火隔热性能优异的耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料。
一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:使用双辊开炼机,将辊距调到所需值,在10~50℃辊温下加入基材,所述基材为苯基硅橡胶和乙烯基硅橡胶;
步骤二:双辊开炼机依次加入补强剂、阻燃剂、硫化剂及其结构控制剂,混炼混匀;
步骤三:在双辊开炼机加入芳纶短切纤维,混炼均匀下片;
步骤四:将胶料使用三辊研磨机研磨10~15遍,使芳纶短切纤维在胶料中分散均匀;
步骤五:将研磨后的胶料在双辊开炼机上加入发泡剂混炼均匀下片;
步骤六:下片停放24小时后,用平板硫化机硫化制样测试性能。
通过上述配方和制备方法制备的橡胶材料满足下表中的性能指标要求:
参见图2,图2是本发明热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶(厚度方向膨胀倍率为50%时)的对火面烧蚀图,1000℃~1100℃火焰下烧蚀时间15min,图中可以看出,试样碳化层致密完整,仍保持密封性能。
下面介绍本发明热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料制样工艺及产品成型工艺:
步骤一:半成品准备
将胶料在双辊开炼机上压成所需厚度的胶片,然后按照型腔尺寸裁剪半成品,待用;
步骤二:硫化
a.将模具预热至100℃~115℃,在型腔上均匀刷涂一层脱模剂,将模具冷却至60℃~80℃,待用;
b.将准备好的半成品装入模具中,模具具体结构如图2所示,该模具由上模1、下模2、螺丝3、定位销4构成,上模1和下模2之间构成型腔。使用时,合上上模1和下模2,上紧螺丝3(为防止在硫化过程中产生微量膨胀,影响样品或产品的尺寸,在模具上下模之间设计螺丝,硫化前上紧螺丝,硫化后先冷却模具,再松开螺丝打开模具);
c.设定平板硫化机温度和压力,硫化条件如下:
硫化温度为(115±5)℃
硫化压力为(10~12)MPa
硫化时间为(15±1)min
d.硫化结束后,先泄压,将模具整体冷却至50℃以下后松开螺丝,打开模具,取出样品或产品。
本发明的内容不限于实施例所列举,本领域普通技术人员通过阅读本发明说明书而对本发明技术方案采取的任何等效的变换,均为本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (5)

1.一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料,其特征在于,
其组分包括:苯基硅橡胶、乙烯基硅橡胶、阻燃剂、补强剂、芳纶短切纤维、发泡剂、硫化剂和结构控制剂;
各组分的质量份配比如下:
苯基硅橡胶 70 乙烯基硅橡胶 30 阻燃剂 45 补强剂 30 芳纶短切纤维 5 发泡剂 5~15 硫化剂 1 结构控制剂 5
2.根据权利要求1所述热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料,其特征在于:
所述发泡剂为可膨胀聚合物微球。
3.根据权利要求1所述热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料,其特征在于:
所述硫化剂为2,4-二氯过氧化苯甲酰。
4.根据权利要求1所述热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料,其特征在于:所述结构控制剂为羟基硅油。
5.一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料的制备方法,其特征在于,
包括以下步骤:
步骤一:使用双辊开炼机,将辊距调到所需值,在10~50℃辊温下加入基材,所述基材为苯基硅橡胶和乙烯基硅橡胶;
步骤二:双辊开炼机依次加入补强剂、阻燃剂、硫化剂及其结构控制剂,混炼混匀;
步骤三:在双辊开炼机加入芳纶短切纤维,混炼均匀下片;
步骤四:将胶料使用三辊研磨机研磨10~15遍,使芳纶短切纤维在胶料中分散均匀;
步骤五:将研磨后的胶料在双辊开炼机上加入发泡剂混炼均匀下片;
步骤六:下片停放24小时后,用平板硫化机硫化制样测试性能。
CN201810598057.4A 2018-06-12 2018-06-12 一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料 Pending CN109021571A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810598057.4A CN109021571A (zh) 2018-06-12 2018-06-12 一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810598057.4A CN109021571A (zh) 2018-06-12 2018-06-12 一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN109021571A true CN109021571A (zh) 2018-12-18

Family

ID=64612760

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201810598057.4A Pending CN109021571A (zh) 2018-06-12 2018-06-12 一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN109021571A (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110922684A (zh) * 2019-11-20 2020-03-27 西北橡胶塑料研究设计院有限公司 低密度、环保型耐烧蚀乙丙橡胶及其制备方法

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4031059A (en) * 1974-01-21 1977-06-21 Martin Marietta Corporation Low density ablator compositions
DE3100746A1 (de) * 1981-01-13 1982-07-22 Andreas 3170 Gifhorn Dietz "dichtungsmasse, vorzugsweise fugenabdichtungsmasse, sowie ein verfahren zur herstellung und zur verarbeitung"
US4686244A (en) * 1986-12-17 1987-08-11 Dow Corning Corporation Intumescent foamable compositions
US6300383B1 (en) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-09 Dow Corning Toray Silicone Company, Ltd. Silicone rubber sponge composition, silicone rubber sponge, and process for making the sponge
CN104629374A (zh) * 2015-01-22 2015-05-20 东北大学 一种硅橡胶基耐烧蚀绝热复合材料及其制备方法
CN104817844A (zh) * 2015-05-19 2015-08-05 西北橡胶塑料研究设计院有限公司 防火隔热硅橡胶及其制备方法
CN105860536A (zh) * 2016-04-13 2016-08-17 山东兆圭高分子材料科技有限公司 一种阻燃耐火陶瓷化硅橡胶及其制备方法
CN106009700A (zh) * 2016-08-08 2016-10-12 四川大学 一种具有温度响应自膨胀特性的耐热抗烧蚀橡胶复合材料及其制备方法
CN107686559A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-13 西安近代化学研究所 一种发动机用复合绝热层
CN108129847A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-08 广州旭川合成材料有限公司 一种轻量化导热片材及其制备方法和应用

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4031059A (en) * 1974-01-21 1977-06-21 Martin Marietta Corporation Low density ablator compositions
DE3100746A1 (de) * 1981-01-13 1982-07-22 Andreas 3170 Gifhorn Dietz "dichtungsmasse, vorzugsweise fugenabdichtungsmasse, sowie ein verfahren zur herstellung und zur verarbeitung"
US4686244A (en) * 1986-12-17 1987-08-11 Dow Corning Corporation Intumescent foamable compositions
US6300383B1 (en) * 2000-04-25 2001-10-09 Dow Corning Toray Silicone Company, Ltd. Silicone rubber sponge composition, silicone rubber sponge, and process for making the sponge
CN104629374A (zh) * 2015-01-22 2015-05-20 东北大学 一种硅橡胶基耐烧蚀绝热复合材料及其制备方法
CN104817844A (zh) * 2015-05-19 2015-08-05 西北橡胶塑料研究设计院有限公司 防火隔热硅橡胶及其制备方法
CN105860536A (zh) * 2016-04-13 2016-08-17 山东兆圭高分子材料科技有限公司 一种阻燃耐火陶瓷化硅橡胶及其制备方法
CN106009700A (zh) * 2016-08-08 2016-10-12 四川大学 一种具有温度响应自膨胀特性的耐热抗烧蚀橡胶复合材料及其制备方法
CN107686559A (zh) * 2017-09-29 2018-02-13 西安近代化学研究所 一种发动机用复合绝热层
CN108129847A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-08 广州旭川合成材料有限公司 一种轻量化导热片材及其制备方法和应用

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
中国化学工业年鉴编辑部编: "《中国化学工业年鉴 2009 第25卷 上 行业篇》", 31 December 2009, 中国化工信息中心出版 *
唐磊 主编: "《耐高温隔热材料技术》", 31 July 2013 *
朱传方编著: "《有机精细化工选论》", 31 December 1991, 华中师范大学出版社 *
李永河: "《硫化硅橡胶技术》", 31 May 2012, 黄河永利出版社 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110922684A (zh) * 2019-11-20 2020-03-27 西北橡胶塑料研究设计院有限公司 低密度、环保型耐烧蚀乙丙橡胶及其制备方法

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN108034094B (zh) 无单质硫橡塑绝热保温材料及其制备方法
Jiang et al. Effect of polyphenylsilsesquioxane on the ablative and flame-retardation properties of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) composite
CN109021571A (zh) 一种热响应自膨胀耐烧蚀硅橡胶材料
CN109722038A (zh) 一种硅胶泡棉及其制备方法
CN106009700A (zh) 一种具有温度响应自膨胀特性的耐热抗烧蚀橡胶复合材料及其制备方法
CN103289412A (zh) 硅橡胶闭孔发泡材料及其制备方法
CN109486201A (zh) 自交联型含硅硼高聚物基耐烧蚀绝热材料及制备方法
CN109824860A (zh) 一种聚氨酯聚酰亚胺泡沫材料及其制备方法
CN108219475A (zh) 一种耐磨导热硅胶片及其制备方法
CN103029255A (zh) 三元乙丙模压海绵橡胶的制备方法及异型海绵护套的制备方法
CN113308116A (zh) 一种橡胶密封圈及其制备方法
CN110229304B (zh) 一种阻燃石墨烯聚氨酯复合泡沫材料及其制备方法
CN104725865A (zh) 一种耐磨耐高温硅橡胶及其制备方法
TWI663040B (zh) Shock absorbing gasket and preparation method thereof
CN107541069A (zh) 一种硅橡胶密封型材
CN101768293A (zh) 一种组合发泡橡胶及其生产工艺
CN100357088C (zh) 卷式硅橡胶薄膜的制法
CN109337240A (zh) 一种环保阻燃pvc/nbr发泡材料及其制备方法
CN113788996B (zh) 一种油田采油用高耐磨耐高温耐油耐高压橡胶密封材料
CN103756198B (zh) 高耐磨氟胶配方及其制备方法
CN107652528B (zh) 无卤阻燃发泡evm橡胶及其制造方法
CN107915928A (zh) 一种船舶用阻燃胶布及其制备方法
CN103360770A (zh) 高温硫化改性硅橡胶及其生产方法
CN106349698A (zh) 陶瓷化防火耐火硅橡胶、制备方法及具有其的陶瓷化复合带及制备方法
CN113524824A (zh) 一种数码迷彩胶布及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20181218