CN109006437A - A kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method, it is characterized in that, the production method the following steps are included: (1) seed selection, (2) nursery, the preparation of (3) cultivation matrix, the transplanting of (4) plant shoots, (5) built fix, (6) field management, (7) mature listing, the present invention solves existing soil cultivation capsicum listing and concentrates, pesticide residue is more, disease is more, cannot preserving active the defects of.

Description

A kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method

Technical field

The present invention relates to capsicum production technical fields, and in particular to a kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method.

Background technique

The capsicum eaten in life at present mostly uses soil cultivation, and Time To Market is relatively more fixed, quality by weather and soil, Logistics transportation etc. influence it is bigger, dining table is also required to 3-5 days from harvesting to going on, the freshness and nutritive value of capsicum substantially under Drop.

The present invention pours matrix potting capsicum using nutrient solution, few, the commodity fruit with water-fertilizer integral and soil-borne disease insect pest The advantages of preserving active, convenient for the factorial production and removable the characteristics of selling.

Summary of the invention

(1) the technical issues of solving

The present invention provides a kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method, solves existing soil cultivation capsicum listing and concentrates, pesticide Remain it is more, disease is more, cannot preserving active the defects of.

(2) technical solution used

The present invention to achieve the above object, is achieved by the following technical programs: a kind of matrix potting dish capsicum producer Method, the production method the following steps are included:

(1) choose seeds: selection full grains, meat are thick, get bumper crops and disease resistance is stronger, are suitble to the excellent capsicum variety of cultivation,

(2) nursery: by the end of December at the beginning of 1 month, nursery is carried out by hole tray, hole tray is 72 hole hole trays, and seedling medium is perlite, leech Stone, peat are mixed in 1:1:2 ratio；Nursery temperature of shed is kept for 28-30 DEG C, and when emergence is up to 70% or more, day temperature is down to 23-28 DEG C, night temperatures are controlled at 15-18 DEG C；

(3) preparation of cultivation matrix: late Febuary prepares cultivation matrix, and cultivation matrix is filled basin later；

Capsicum soilless culture substrate, including following component: 20 parts of Pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 20 parts of turf, 20 parts of dried poultrymanure, perlite 20 Part, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of humic acid；

It sufficiently to be moistened, be generally advisable with 70% water content, with holding with clean underground water before filling basin after the above component is mixed One matrix is squeezed out without moisture, and unclamping hand can agglomerating, but touches matrix and can scatter, after mixing, adjustment matrix PH5.5- 6.5 EC≤0.7；The plastic tub that matrix is packed into height 28cm* outer diameter 35cm later is spare；

(4) plant shoots are transplanted: mid-March, by the seedling replanting cultivated into basin；Rich water integrated apparatus is laid later, often A flowerpot is inserted into four drop arrows, and drop arrow top connection delivery hose simultaneously connects water source switch；

(5) built is fixed: after plantlet of transplant flowerpot, being carried out built in time depending on plant height and growing way, before yielding positive results and is fixed, uses Three crude iron lines for being covered with green plastic or thin bamboo (one meter of height) insertion flowerpot are fixed, and use respectively up and down between crude iron line Clip or ring buckle form triangle or cylindrical stent and fix around pepper plant, capsicum branches and leaves in uniform light, unobstructed, Vane extension is unaffected；

(6) field management: including temperature management, water management, fertilizer management, Plant adjustment and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:

Temperature management: after capsicum transplant flower pot, being kept for 18-20 DEG C of daytime, and night is not less than 13~15 DEG C, when extraneous night temperature is stablized At 16 DEG C or more, divulge information round the clock；

Water management: trickle irrigation is primary before transplanting, and so that water content of substrate is reached 60%-70%, Plug seedling is then transplanted to matrix basin, Once small water, promotion seedling do sth. in advance slow seedling to second day trickle irrigation after cultivation；3-4 days after slow seedling, then seedling recovering water of trickle irrigation, meet plant Tiller；Substantially rich water keeps soil humidity 80% with applying on moisture later, and general 7-10 days trickle irrigations are primary；Before general growth Phase is selected in the morning and pours small water, and Later growth irrigation amount increases, and interval accordingly shortens；

Fertilizer management: gently applying primary " mentioning seed manure " in seedling stage, (millesimal urea liquid is preferably before hole tray transplantation of seedlings or transplants Survive foliage-spray in rear two weeks), door green pepper is cooked and is grown to thumb size, and trickle irrigation punching applies that (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=20:20:20 is big Secondary element Water soluble fertilizer) 10 kgs/acre, top dressing number and quantity should be increased into fruiting period, the top dressing after capsicum of every harvesting Once, calcareous fertilisers are replenished in time, the page sprays 0.2% calcium nitrate aqueous solution, and the Later growth page imposes 0.3% biphosphate Potassium promotes plant nutrition to absorb general equilibrium；

Plant adjustment: on the basis of the fixed plant of step (5) built, priming leaf, training and topping are carried out；Priming leaf is to extract bottom The some invalid old leaf in portion, training are to cut the crowded branch with lower part overlapping in some inside, and topping is at later stages for guarantee The means of nutriment centralizedly supply fruit；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: according to the policy of " putting prevention first, integrated control ", adhere to so that " cultural control, physical control, biology are anti- Based on controlling, supplemented by chemical control " principle carry out；Spring disease is lighter, and insect pest is mainly aphid, aleyrodid, oriental tobacco budworm etc., can use The prevention and treatments in time such as Aphox, aphid color be net, disease is mainly virosis, sclerotiniose, blossom-end rot；Virosis can use virus A or plant disease Spirit prevention and treatment, sclerotiniose can be prevented and treated with Sukeling fumigant or wettable powder, and blossom-end rot can be prevented and treated with calcium nitrate solution；

(7) mature listing: June, capsicum maturation can pick sale, or be sold by way of potting.

(3) beneficial effect

The present invention provides a kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method, has the advantages that;

Step of the present invention is simple and convenient to operate, and substrate culture is few compared with soil cultivation disease, and pesticide residue is few；Rich water integration, Plant built is fixed, and saving of labor's quality is controllable；Potting listing, preserving active, i.e. ornamental can be eaten in time again.

The raw material of soilless culture substrate of the present invention is essentially agricultural wastes, cheap and easy to get, and can really realize turns waste into wealth, With longer fertilizer efficiency, nutrient is sufficient, promotes chili growth healthy and strong, increases yield, improves quality and has good moisture retention And gas permeability, it is not easy to harden in use process, it is used suitable for large area in production, other components can guarantee that cultivation matrix provides Comprehensive nutrition.

Specific embodiment

All features disclosed in this specification or disclosed all methods or in the process the step of, in addition to mutually exclusive Feature and/or step other than, can combine in any way.

Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accessory claim, abstract), unless specifically stated, It is replaced by other equivalent or with similar purpose alternative features.That is, unless specifically stated, each feature is a series of An example in equivalent or similar characteristics.

Embodiment

A kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method, the production method the following steps are included:

(1) choose seeds: selection full grains, meat are thick, get bumper crops and disease resistance is stronger, are suitble to the excellent capsicum variety of cultivation,

(2) nursery: by the end of December at the beginning of 1 month, nursery is carried out by hole tray, hole tray is 72 hole hole trays, and seedling medium is perlite, leech Stone, peat are mixed in 1:1:2 ratio；Nursery temperature of shed is kept for 28-30 DEG C, and when emergence is up to 70% or more, day temperature is down to 23-28 DEG C, night temperatures are controlled at 15-18 DEG C；

(3) preparation of cultivation matrix: late Febuary prepares cultivation matrix, and cultivation matrix is filled basin later；

Capsicum soilless culture substrate, including following component: 20 parts of Pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 20 parts of turf, 20 parts of dried poultrymanure, perlite 20 Part, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of humic acid；

It sufficiently to be moistened, be generally advisable with 70% water content, with holding with clean underground water before filling basin after the above component is mixed One matrix is squeezed out without moisture, and unclamping hand can agglomerating, but touches matrix and can scatter, after mixing, adjustment matrix PH5.5- 6.5, EC≤0.7；The plastic tub that matrix is packed into height 28cm* outer diameter 35cm later is spare；

(4) plant shoots are transplanted: mid-March, by the seedling replanting cultivated into basin；Rich water integrated apparatus is laid later, often A flowerpot is inserted into four drop arrows, and drop arrow top connection delivery hose simultaneously connects water source switch；

(5) built is fixed: after plantlet of transplant flowerpot, being carried out built in time depending on plant height and growing way, before yielding positive results and is fixed, uses Three crude iron lines for being covered with green plastic or thin bamboo (one meter of height) insertion flowerpot are fixed, and use respectively up and down between crude iron line Clip or ring buckle form triangle or cylindrical stent and fix around pepper plant, capsicum branches and leaves in uniform light, unobstructed, Vane extension is unaffected；

(6) field management: including temperature management, water management, fertilizer management, Plant adjustment and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:

Temperature management: after capsicum transplant flower pot, being kept for 18-20 DEG C of daytime, and night is not less than 13~15 DEG C, when extraneous night temperature is stablized At 16 DEG C or more, divulge information round the clock；

Water management: trickle irrigation is primary before transplanting, and so that water content of substrate is reached 60%-70%, Plug seedling is then transplanted to matrix basin, Once small water, promotion seedling do sth. in advance slow seedling to second day trickle irrigation after cultivation；3-4 days after slow seedling, then seedling recovering water of trickle irrigation, meet plant Tiller；Substantially rich water keeps soil humidity 80% with applying on moisture later, and general 7-10 days trickle irrigations are primary；Before general growth Phase is selected in the morning and pours small water, and Later growth irrigation amount increases, and interval accordingly shortens；

Fertilizer management: gently applying primary " mentioning seed manure " in seedling stage, (millesimal urea liquid is preferably before hole tray transplantation of seedlings or transplants Survive foliage-spray in rear two weeks), door green pepper is cooked and is grown to thumb size, and trickle irrigation punching applies that (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=20:20:20 is big Secondary element Water soluble fertilizer) 10 kgs/acre, top dressing number and quantity should be increased into fruiting period, the top dressing after capsicum of every harvesting Once, calcareous fertilisers are replenished in time, the page sprays 0.2% calcium nitrate aqueous solution, and the Later growth page imposes 0.3% biphosphate Potassium promotes plant nutrition to absorb general equilibrium；

Plant adjustment: on the basis of the fixed plant of step (5) built, priming leaf, training and topping are carried out；Priming leaf is to extract bottom The some invalid old leaf in portion, training are to cut the crowded branch with lower part overlapping in some inside, and topping is at later stages for guarantee The means of nutriment centralizedly supply fruit；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: according to the policy of " putting prevention first, integrated control ", adhere to so that " cultural control, physical control, biology are anti- Based on controlling, supplemented by chemical control " principle carry out；Spring disease is lighter, and insect pest is mainly aphid, aleyrodid, oriental tobacco budworm etc., can use The prevention and treatments in time such as Aphox, aphid color be net, disease is mainly virosis, sclerotiniose, blossom-end rot；Virosis can use virus A or plant disease Spirit prevention and treatment, sclerotiniose can be prevented and treated with Sukeling fumigant or wettable powder, and blossom-end rot can be prevented and treated with calcium nitrate solution；

(7) mature listing: June, capsicum maturation can pick sale, or be sold by way of potting.

Step of the present invention is simple and convenient to operate, and substrate culture is few compared with soil cultivation disease, and pesticide residue is few；Rich water one Body, plant built are fixed, and saving of labor's quality is controllable；Potting listing, preserving active, i.e. ornamental can be eaten in time again, be suitable for pushing away Extensively.

It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of matrix potting dish capsicum production method, which is characterized in that the production method the following steps are included:

(1) choose seeds: selection full grains, meat are thick, get bumper crops and disease resistance is stronger, are suitble to the excellent capsicum variety of cultivation,

(2) nursery: by the end of December at the beginning of 1 month, nursery is carried out by hole tray, hole tray is 72 hole hole trays, and seedling medium is perlite, leech Stone, peat are mixed in 1:1:2 ratio；Nursery temperature of shed is kept for 28-30 DEG C, and when emergence is up to 70% or more, day temperature is down to 23-28 DEG C, night temperatures are controlled at 15-18 DEG C；

(3) preparation of cultivation matrix: late Febuary prepares cultivation matrix, and cultivation matrix is filled basin later；

Capsicum soilless culture substrate, including following component: 20 parts of Pleurotus eryngii bacteria residue, 20 parts of turf, 20 parts of dried poultrymanure, perlite 20 Part, 10 parts of vermiculite, 5 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of humic acid；

It sufficiently to be moistened, be generally advisable with 70% water content, with holding with clean underground water before filling basin after the above component is mixed One matrix is squeezed out without moisture, and unclamping hand can agglomerating, but touches matrix and can scatter, after mixing, adjustment matrix PH5.5- 6.5, EC≤0.7；The plastic tub that matrix is packed into height 28cm* outer diameter 35cm later is spare；

(4) plant shoots are transplanted: mid-March, by the seedling replanting cultivated into basin；Rich water integrated apparatus is laid later, often A flowerpot is inserted into four drop arrows, and drop arrow top connection delivery hose simultaneously connects water source switch；

(5) built is fixed: after plantlet of transplant flowerpot, being carried out built in time depending on plant height and growing way, before yielding positive results and is fixed, uses Three crude iron lines for being covered with green plastic or thin bamboo (one meter of height) insertion flowerpot are fixed, and use respectively up and down between crude iron line Clip or ring buckle form triangle or cylindrical stent and fix around pepper plant, capsicum branches and leaves in uniform light, unobstructed, Vane extension is unaffected；

(6) field management: including temperature management, water management, fertilizer management, Plant adjustment and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control:

Temperature management: after capsicum transplant flower pot, being kept for 18-20 DEG C of daytime, and night is not less than 13~15 DEG C, when extraneous night temperature is stablized At 16 DEG C or more, divulge information round the clock；

Water management: trickle irrigation is primary before transplanting, and so that water content of substrate is reached 60%-70%, Plug seedling is then transplanted to matrix basin, Once small water, promotion seedling do sth. in advance slow seedling to second day trickle irrigation after cultivation；3-4 days after slow seedling, then seedling recovering water of trickle irrigation, meet plant Tiller；Substantially rich water keeps soil humidity 80% with applying on moisture later, and general 7-10 days trickle irrigations are primary；Before general growth Phase is selected in the morning and pours small water, and Later growth irrigation amount increases, and interval accordingly shortens；

Fertilizer management: gently applying primary " mentioning seed manure " in seedling stage, (millesimal urea liquid is preferably before hole tray transplantation of seedlings or transplants Survive foliage-spray in rear two weeks), door green pepper is cooked and is grown to thumb size, and trickle irrigation punching applies that (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=20:20:20 is big Secondary element Water soluble fertilizer) 10 kgs/acre, top dressing number and quantity should be increased into fruiting period, the top dressing after capsicum of every harvesting Once, calcareous fertilisers are replenished in time, the page sprays 0.2% calcium nitrate aqueous solution, and the Later growth page imposes 0.3% biphosphate Potassium promotes plant nutrition to absorb general equilibrium；

Plant adjustment: on the basis of the fixed plant of step (5) built, priming leaf, training and topping are carried out；Priming leaf is to extract bottom The some invalid old leaf in portion, training are to cut the crowded branch with lower part overlapping in some inside, and topping is at later stages for guarantee The means of nutriment centralizedly supply fruit；

The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: according to the policy of " putting prevention first, integrated control ", adhere to so that " cultural control, physical control, biology are anti- Based on controlling, supplemented by chemical control " principle carry out；Spring disease is lighter, and insect pest is mainly aphid, aleyrodid, oriental tobacco budworm etc., can use The prevention and treatments in time such as Aphox, aphid color be net, disease is mainly virosis, sclerotiniose, blossom-end rot；Virosis can use virus A or plant disease Spirit prevention and treatment, sclerotiniose can be prevented and treated with Sukeling fumigant or wettable powder, and blossom-end rot can be prevented and treated with calcium nitrate solution；

(7) mature listing: June, capsicum maturation can pick sale, or be sold by way of potting.