CN108990693A - A kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108990693A CN108990693A CN201810728781.4A CN201810728781A CN108990693A CN 108990693 A CN108990693 A CN 108990693A CN 201810728781 A CN201810728781 A CN 201810728781A CN 108990693 A CN108990693 A CN 108990693A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding methods, belong to planting edible mushroom technical field.It includes seed selection, hybridization culture level-one kind, culture second level kind, culture three-level kind, mushroom growing.The present invention cultivates after using L26 and 808 mixing breeds, its bacteria stick mycelial growth rate is fast, annesl time is short, greatly shortens the growth cycle of mushroom, anti-hybrid ability is strong, survival rate and cultivating rate are up to 99%, survival rate and cultivating rate than the mushroom of prior art cultivation are higher by 10%, fruiting mushroom type is big, meat is thick, short legs, fruiting picking time is long, yield is high, good in economic efficiency, and flower mushroom rate is high, quality is good；The adaptability of temperature is overcome in existing Cultivating techniques in 5~35 DEG C of equal energy fruitings to the stronger deficiency of temperature accordance with tolerance in addition, the present invention greatly improves mushroom.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding methods, belong to planting edible mushroom technical field.
Background technique
Mushroom is also known as fragrant bacterium, dried mushroom.Due to its delicious flavour, fragrance make people mentally refreshing is full of nutrition, not only ranks straw mushroom, oyster mushroom
On, and it is known as the reputation of " vegetables queen ", it is one of " mountain delicacy ".Mushroom has high protein, low fat, polysaccharide, a variety of amino
Sour and multivitamin nutritional characteristic.Mushroom, which has, improves body's immunity, anti-aging, cancer-resisting, blood pressure lowering, drop
Blood lipid, norcholesterol, again can diseases, the mushroom such as prevention of arterial hardening, cirrhosis also to diabetes, pulmonary tuberculosis, catarrhal jaundice,
Neuritis etc. plays therapeutic effect, and can be used for the functions such as indigestion, constipation.
Currently, having the disadvantage that first in mushroom planting process, to temperature accordance with tolerance due to the backwardness of planting technology
Larger, fruiting temperature requirement is stringent, generally could fruiting at 15~28 DEG C；The second, growth cycle is long, annesl is slow, fruiting is slow；The
Three, anti-hybrid ability is weak, easy infection, easily mildews, rots, survival rate and cultivating rate are low, and poor quality, fruiting mushroom type is small, meat is thin, leg
Length, fruiting picking time is shorter, flower mushroom rate is low, yield is relatively low, economic benefit is bad.Therefore, mushroom how is reduced to temperature
Dependence, shorten mushroom annesl time, improve mushroom anti-hybrid ability, reduce bacteria stick infection, produce the mushroom of high quality, improve
Economic benefit is a kind of mushroom growers problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and trainings
Educate method.
To achieve the goals above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding method, packet
Include following steps:
1) it chooses seeds: selection L26 and 808 kinds；
2) hybridization culture level-one kind: taking L26 and 808 fresh mushrooms each one, be hooked into triangular flask mouth after disinfection with metal,
Triangle bottle closure allows it to launch conidia powder naturally, and after conidia powder has been launched, it is invisible spectro same that conidia powder is put into level-one kind
On the level-one kind culture medium of a point, make it while growing mycelia, mycelia starts to sprout within 3 days, extracts after mycelia grows into 2cm long
Mycelia head is transferred in next test tube, and sterile constant-temperature disinfection room is put into after test tube is sealed and carries out purification cultivation, purification training
It educates mycelia after temperature is 18 DEG C~22 DEG C, 15 days and covers with test tube, arrived after mycelia covers with test tube using mycelia as level-one kind expanding species
In seed bottle；In the purification nurturing period, hypha growth condition is observed at any time, if any the bad mycelia of growing way and the test tube for having miscellaneous bacteria
Choose in time；
3) it cultivates second level kind: level-one kind is transferred on the second-generation culture medivm in inoculation bottle, and be stored in strain disinfection
Indoor culture second level kind, second level kind cultivation temperature are 18 DEG C~22 DEG C, and seed bottle can provide large space and more culture mediums wait for down
One step expanding species, after 25 days, mycelia covers with seed bottle, which is second level kind；During second level kind culture, it is raw that mycelia is observed at any time
Long situation if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the seed bottle of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
4) it cultivates three-level kind: second level kind being transferred on the three-level kind culture medium in strain bag, strain disinfection room is stored in
Interior culture three-level kind, three-level kind cultivation temperature are 18 DEG C~22 DEG C, and strain bag can provide greater room and more culture mediums wait for down
The inoculation of one step, after 30 days, mycelia covers with strain bag, and the mycelia in strain bag is three-level kind；During three-level kind culture, see at any time
Hypha growth condition is examined, if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the strain bag of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
5) it mushroom growing: is punched in mushroom rod out with routine drilling method, three-level kind is transferred to out in mushroom rod, kind of a rear enclosure is connected
Upper outer bagging stacks bacteria using intersecting parallels, and for the number of plies at 10~12 layers, temperature is 23 DEG C~25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% or so, 35
It or so mycelia covers with bacteria stick, 10 days or so, when starting long bacterium pimple in bacteria stick, to bacteria stick acanthopore, is transferred to bacteria stick after acanthopore
Mushroom shed, restocking, avoid direct sunlight bacteria stick, mushroom shed well-ventilated by not 23 DEG C~28 DEG C of mushroom temperature of shed；Acanthopore after acanthopore 10 days
Mycelia is covered with for position, starts annesl, carries out moisture needed for water spray guarantees bacteria stick to bacteria stick, meanwhile, it carries out urging mushroom；Urge mushroom method
Are as follows: mushroom shed sealing allow temperature to be increased to 33~37 DEG C, then open mushroom shed, toward bacteria stick on spray water, under making bacteria stick temperature quick
10 DEG C~15 DEG C of drop repeatedly starts fruiting after 1~2 time, 15 days daily；Mushroom shed temperature is 5 DEG C~35 DEG C after starting fruiting, humidity
It is 65~95%.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the level-one kind culture medium prescription are as follows: 10 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of glucose, magnesium sulfate 1.5
Part, 1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5 parts of peptone, vitamin B1 is 1 part, 50 parts of distilled water.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the level-one kind culture medium matches production method are as follows: each constituent is put into beaker, is stirred
It mixes uniformly, is boiled with 100 DEG C of temperature, poured into test tube after each component sufficiently melts, block test tube oral area with test tube plug
And be put into the high-pressure sterilizing pot that pressure is 0.15~0.2MPa and sterilize, autoclave powers off after being vented 0.5 hour naturally, wait go out
Bacterium pot pressure takes out test tube after being zero, and test tube is tiltedly put, can inoculating spores after invisible spectro first cell culture medium cooled and solidified
Powder.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the second-generation culture medivm formula are as follows: wheat berry or sorghum grain 90%, weed tree sawdust 8%, stone
Cream 1%, quick lime 1%, second-generation culture medivm water content are 50%.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the preparation method of the second-generation culture medivm are as follows: each component is packed into after mixing evenly and is connect
In kind bottle, inoculation bottle bottleneck is clogged with cotton, and inoculation bottle is put into the high-pressure sterilizing pot that pressure is 0.15~0.2MPa and is carried out
Sterilizing, autoclave powers off after being vented 1.5 hours naturally, and pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out inoculation bottle after being zero, and two in bottle to be seeded
Grade culture medium, which is cooled to after room temperature, just can access level-one kind.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the three-level kind culture medium prescription are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime 1%,
Gypsum 1%, three-level kind moisture content in medium are 50%.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the three-level kind culture medium configuration method are as follows: each component is packed into strain after mixing evenly
Bag is then placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot and carries out sterilization treatment, and autoclave pressure is 0.18MP, stops heating after pressure maintaining 3 hours, to
Autoclave pressure takes out strain bag after being zero, can access second level kind after the three-stage culture medium in strain bag is cooled to room temperature.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the mushroom rod culture medium prescription out are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime 1%,
Gypsum 1%, mushroom rod moisture content in medium is 50% out.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the mushroom rod culture medium configuration method out are as follows: each component is packed into bacterium bag after mixing evenly
Interior, then stacking sterilizes, and using normal-pressure sterilization mode, stops heating after bacterium bag temperature reaches 95 DEG C or more holdings 12 hours；
It can access three-level kind after the culture medium in bacterium bag is cooled to room temperature.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step 5), the daily minimum temperature of mushroom shed is 5 DEG C after starting fruiting, maximum temperature 35
DEG C, it is preferable that daily minimum temperature is 10 DEG C, and maximum temperature is 28 DEG C.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is by adopting the above-described technical solution, have the advantages that the present invention
Using being cultivated after L26 and 808 mixing breeds, bacteria stick mycelial growth rate is fast, annesl time is short, greatly shortens perfume (or spice)
The growth cycle of mushroom；Anti-hybrid ability is strong, and survival rate and cultivating rate are up to 99%, than the prior art cultivate mushroom survival rate and
Cultivating rate is higher by 10%；Fruiting mushroom type is big, meat is thick, short legs, fruiting picking time is long, yield is high, good in economic efficiency, flower mushroom rate
Height, quality are good；The adaptability of temperature is overcome in 5~35 DEG C of equal energy fruitings in addition, the present invention greatly improves mushroom
To the stronger deficiency of temperature accordance with tolerance in existing Cultivating techniques.The present invention is during mushroom growing, daily minimum temperature and highest
Temperature-difference is larger, can greatly improve the quality of mushroom, the mushroom meat cultivated is finer and smoother, mouthfeel more delicious and crisp,
Cunning is tender.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated combined with specific embodiments below:
Embodiment 1: a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding method, comprising the following steps:
1) it chooses seeds: selection L26 and 808 kinds；
2) hybridization culture level-one kind: taking L26 and 808 fresh mushrooms each one, be hooked into triangular flask mouth after disinfection with metal,
Triangle bottle closure allows it to launch conidia powder naturally, and after conidia powder has been launched, it is invisible spectro same that conidia powder is put into level-one kind
On the level-one kind culture medium of a point, make it while growing mycelia, mycelia starts to sprout within 3 days, extracts after mycelia grows into 2cm long
Mycelia head is transferred in next test tube, and sterile constant-temperature disinfection room is put into after test tube is sealed and carries out purification cultivation, purification training
It educates mycelia after temperature is 18 DEG C, 15 days and covers with test tube, using mycelia as level-one kind expanding species to seed bottle after mycelia covers with test tube
It is interior；In the purification nurturing period, hypha growth condition is observed at any time, if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the test tube of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time
Out；
3) it cultivates second level kind: level-one kind is transferred on the second-generation culture medivm in inoculation bottle, and be stored in strain disinfection
Indoor culture second level kind, second level kind cultivation temperature are 18 DEG C, and seed bottle can provide large space and more culture mediums wait for expanding in next step
Kind, after 25 days, mycelia covers with seed bottle, which is second level kind；During second level kind culture, mycelia is observed at any time and grows feelings
Condition if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the seed bottle of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
4) it cultivates three-level kind: second level kind being transferred on the three-level kind culture medium in strain bag, strain disinfection room is stored in
Interior culture three-level kind, three-level kind cultivation temperature are 18 DEG C, and strain bag can provide greater room and more culture mediums wait for connecing in next step
Kind, after 30 days, mycelia covers with strain bag, and the mycelia in strain bag is three-level kind；During three-level kind culture, mycelia is observed at any time
Growing state if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the strain bag of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
5) it mushroom growing: is punched in mushroom rod out with routine drilling method, three-level kind is transferred to out in mushroom rod, kind of a rear enclosure is connected
Upper outer bagging stacks bacteria using intersecting parallels, and for the number of plies at 10 layers, temperature is 23 DEG C, and humidity is 50% or so, 35 days or so mycelia
Bacteria stick is covered with, 10 days or so, when starting long bacterium pimple in bacteria stick, to bacteria stick acanthopore, bacteria stick is transferred to mushroom shed, restocking after acanthopore,
Not 23 DEG C of mushroom temperature of shed, avoid direct sunlight bacteria stick, mushroom shed well-ventilated；Puncture site mycelia is covered with after acanthopore 10 days, is opened
Beginning annesl carries out moisture needed for water spray guarantees bacteria stick to bacteria stick, meanwhile, it carries out urging mushroom；Urge mushroom method are as follows: mushroom shed sealing is allowed temperature
Degree is increased to 33 DEG C, then opens mushroom shed, toward bacteria stick on spray water, 10 DEG C of bacteria stick temperature rapid decrease is allowed, 1 time a day, after 15 days
Start fruiting；The daily minimum temperature of mushroom shed is 5 DEG C after starting fruiting, and maximum temperature is 35 DEG C, humidity 65%.
The level-one kind culture medium prescription of the present embodiment are as follows: 10 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate
1 part of hydrogen potassium, 1.5 parts of peptone, vitamin B1 is 1 part, 50 parts of distilled water；It matches production method are as follows: is put into each constituent
It in beaker, stirs evenly, is boiled with 100 DEG C of temperature, pour into test tube after each component sufficiently melts, blocked with test tube plug
Test tube oral area and be put into pressure be 0.15MPa high-pressure sterilizing pot sterilize, autoclave powers off after being vented 0.5 hour naturally,
Pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out test tube after being zero, and test tube is tiltedly put, and can be inoculated with after invisible spectro first cell culture medium cooled and solidified
Conidia powder.The second-generation culture medivm formula of the present embodiment are as follows: wheat berry or sorghum grain 90%, weed tree sawdust 8%, gypsum 1%, raw stone
Ash 1%, second-generation culture medivm water content are 50%；Its preparation method are as follows: each component is packed into inoculation bottle after mixing evenly, is used
Cotton clogs inoculation bottle bottleneck, and inoculation bottle is put into the high-pressure sterilizing pot that pressure is 0.15MPa and is sterilized, and autoclave is natural
Exhaust powers off after 1.5 hours, and pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out inoculation bottle after being zero, the secondary medium in bottle to be seeded is cooled to often
Wen Houcai can access level-one kind.The three-level kind culture medium prescription of the present embodiment are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime
1%, gypsum 1%, three-level kind moisture content in medium is 50%；Its configuration method are as follows: each component is packed into strain after mixing evenly
Bag is then placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot and carries out sterilization treatment, and autoclave pressure is 0.18MP, stops heating after pressure maintaining 3 hours, to
Autoclave pressure takes out strain bag after being zero, can access second level kind after the three-stage culture medium in strain bag is cooled to room temperature.
The present embodiment goes out mushroom rod culture medium prescription are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime 1%, gypsum 1%, out mushroom rod culture
Base water content is 50%；Its configuration method are as follows: be packed into each component in bacterium bag after mixing evenly, then stacking sterilizes, using normal
Sterilization method is pressed, stops heating after bacterium bag temperature reaches 95 DEG C or more holdings 12 hours；It is cooled to the culture medium in bacterium bag
It can access three-level kind after room temperature.
Embodiment 2: a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding method, comprising the following steps:
1) it chooses seeds: selection L26 and 808 kinds；
2) hybridization culture level-one kind: taking L26 and 808 fresh mushrooms each one, be hooked into triangular flask mouth after disinfection with metal,
Triangle bottle closure allows it to launch conidia powder naturally, and after conidia powder has been launched, it is invisible spectro same that conidia powder is put into level-one kind
On the level-one kind culture medium of a point, make it while growing mycelia, mycelia starts to sprout within 3 days, extracts after mycelia grows into 2cm long
Mycelia head is transferred in next test tube, and sterile constant-temperature disinfection room is put into after test tube is sealed and carries out purification cultivation, purification training
It educates mycelia after temperature is 20 DEG C, 15 days and covers with test tube, using mycelia as level-one kind expanding species to seed bottle after mycelia covers with test tube
It is interior；In the purification nurturing period, hypha growth condition is observed at any time, if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the test tube of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time
Out；
3) it cultivates second level kind: level-one kind is transferred on the second-generation culture medivm in inoculation bottle, and be stored in strain disinfection
Indoor culture second level kind, second level kind cultivation temperature are 20 DEG C, and seed bottle can provide large space and more culture mediums wait for expanding in next step
Kind, after 25 days, mycelia covers with seed bottle, which is second level kind；During second level kind culture, mycelia is observed at any time and grows feelings
Condition if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the seed bottle of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
4) it cultivates three-level kind: second level kind being transferred on the three-level kind culture medium in strain bag, strain disinfection room is stored in
Interior culture three-level kind, three-level kind cultivation temperature are 20 DEG C, and strain bag can provide greater room and more culture mediums wait for connecing in next step
Kind, after 30 days, mycelia covers with strain bag, and the mycelia in strain bag is three-level kind；During three-level kind culture, mycelia is observed at any time
Growing state if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the strain bag of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
5) it mushroom growing: is punched in mushroom rod out with routine drilling method, three-level kind is transferred to out in mushroom rod, kind of a rear enclosure is connected
Upper outer bagging stacks bacteria using intersecting parallels, and for the number of plies at 11 layers, temperature is 24 DEG C, and humidity is 50% or so, 35 days or so mycelia
Bacteria stick is covered with, 10 days or so, when starting long bacterium pimple in bacteria stick, to bacteria stick acanthopore, bacteria stick is transferred to mushroom shed, restocking after acanthopore,
Not 25 DEG C of mushroom temperature of shed, avoid direct sunlight bacteria stick, mushroom shed well-ventilated；Puncture site mycelia is covered with after acanthopore 10 days, is opened
Beginning annesl carries out moisture needed for water spray guarantees bacteria stick to bacteria stick, meanwhile, it carries out urging mushroom；Urge mushroom method are as follows: mushroom shed sealing is allowed temperature
Degree is increased to 35 DEG C, then opens mushroom shed, toward bacteria stick on spray water, allow 13 DEG C of bacteria stick temperature rapid decrease, be repeated 2 times daily, 15
Start fruiting after it；The daily minimum temperature of mushroom shed is 10 DEG C after starting fruiting, and maximum temperature is 28 DEG C, humidity 80%.
In the present embodiment, level-one kind culture medium prescription are as follows: 10 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, phosphoric acid
1 part of potassium dihydrogen, 1.5 parts of peptone, vitamin B1 is 1 part, 50 parts of distilled water；It matches production method are as follows: puts each constituent
Enter in beaker, stir evenly, boiled with 100 DEG C of temperature, is poured into test tube after each component sufficiently melts, it is stifled with test tube plug
It firmly test tube oral area and is put into the high-pressure sterilizing pot that pressure is 0.18MPa and sterilizes, autoclave is disconnected after being vented naturally 0.5 hour
Electricity, pot pressure subject to sterilization take out test tube after being zero, and test tube is tiltedly put, and can connect after invisible spectro first cell culture medium cooled and solidified
Kind conidia powder.In the present embodiment, second-generation culture medivm formula are as follows: wheat berry or sorghum grain 90%, weed tree sawdust 8%, gypsum 1%,
Quick lime 1%, second-generation culture medivm water content are 50%；Its preparation method are as follows: each component is packed into inoculation bottle after mixing evenly
It is interior, inoculation bottle bottleneck is clogged with cotton, and inoculation bottle is put into the high-pressure sterilizing pot that pressure is 0.15~0.2MPa and is sterilized,
Autoclave powers off after being vented 1.5 hours naturally, and pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out inoculation bottle, the second level culture in bottle to be seeded after being zero
Base, which is cooled to after room temperature, just can access level-one kind.In the present embodiment, three-level kind culture medium prescription are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran
20%, quick lime 1%, gypsum 1%, three-level kind moisture content in medium is 50%；Its configuration method are as follows: stir evenly each component
After be packed into strain bag, be then placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot and carry out sterilization treatment, autoclave pressure is 0.18MP, after pressure maintaining 3 hours
Stop heating, pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out strain bag after being zero, after the three-stage culture medium in strain bag is cooled to room temperature
Access second level kind.In the present embodiment, mushroom rod culture medium prescription out are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime 1%, gypsum
1%, mushroom rod moisture content in medium is 50% out；Configuration method are as follows: be packed into each component in bacterium bag after mixing evenly, then stacking
Sterilizing stops heating after bacterium bag temperature reaches 95 DEG C or more holdings 12 hours using normal-pressure sterilization mode；To the training in bacterium bag
Feeding base, which is cooled to after room temperature, can access three-level kind.
Embodiment 3, a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding method, comprising the following steps:
1) it chooses seeds: selection L26 and 808 kinds；
2) hybridization culture level-one kind: taking L26 and 808 fresh mushrooms each one, be hooked into triangular flask mouth after disinfection with metal,
Triangle bottle closure allows it to launch conidia powder naturally, and after conidia powder has been launched, it is invisible spectro same that conidia powder is put into level-one kind
On the level-one kind culture medium of a point, make it while growing mycelia, mycelia starts to sprout within 3 days, extracts after mycelia grows into 2cm long
Mycelia head is transferred in next test tube, and sterile constant-temperature disinfection room is put into after test tube is sealed and carries out purification cultivation, purification training
It educates mycelia after temperature is 22 DEG C, 15 days and covers with test tube, using mycelia as level-one kind expanding species to seed bottle after mycelia covers with test tube
It is interior；In the purification nurturing period, hypha growth condition is observed at any time, if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the test tube of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time
Out；
3) it cultivates second level kind: level-one kind is transferred on the second-generation culture medivm in inoculation bottle, and be stored in strain disinfection
Indoor culture second level kind, second level kind cultivation temperature are 22 DEG C, and seed bottle can provide large space and more culture mediums wait for expanding in next step
Kind, after 25 days, mycelia covers with seed bottle, which is second level kind；During second level kind culture, mycelia is observed at any time and grows feelings
Condition if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the seed bottle of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
4) it cultivates three-level kind: second level kind being transferred on the three-level kind culture medium in strain bag, strain disinfection room is stored in
Interior culture three-level kind, three-level kind cultivation temperature are 22 DEG C, and strain bag can provide greater room and more culture mediums wait for connecing in next step
Kind, after 30 days, mycelia covers with strain bag, and the mycelia in strain bag is three-level kind；During three-level kind culture, mycelia is observed at any time
Growing state if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the strain bag of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
5) it mushroom growing: is punched in mushroom rod out with routine drilling method, three-level kind is transferred to out in mushroom rod, kind of a rear enclosure is connected
Upper outer bagging stacks bacteria using intersecting parallels, and for the number of plies at 12 layers, temperature is 25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% or so, 35 days or so mycelia
Bacteria stick is covered with, 10 days or so, when starting long bacterium pimple in bacteria stick, to bacteria stick acanthopore, bacteria stick is transferred to mushroom shed, restocking after acanthopore,
Not 28 DEG C of mushroom temperature of shed, avoid direct sunlight bacteria stick, mushroom shed well-ventilated；Puncture site mycelia is covered with after acanthopore 10 days, is opened
Beginning annesl carries out moisture needed for water spray guarantees bacteria stick to bacteria stick, meanwhile, it carries out urging mushroom；Urge mushroom method are as follows: mushroom shed sealing is allowed temperature
Degree is increased to 37 DEG C, then opens mushroom shed, toward bacteria stick on spray water, allow 15 DEG C of bacteria stick temperature rapid decrease, be repeated 2 times daily, 15
Start fruiting after it；The daily minimum temperature of mushroom shed is 10 DEG C after starting fruiting, and maximum temperature is 28 DEG C, humidity 95%.
In the present embodiment, level-one kind culture medium prescription are as follows: 10 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, phosphoric acid
1 part of potassium dihydrogen, 1.5 parts of peptone, vitamin B1 is 1 part, 50 parts of distilled water；It matches production method are as follows: puts each constituent
Enter in beaker, stir evenly, boiled with 100 DEG C of temperature, is poured into test tube after each component sufficiently melts, it is stifled with test tube plug
Firmly test tube oral area and be put into pressure be 0.2MPa high-pressure sterilizing pot sterilize, autoclave powers off after being vented 0.5 hour naturally,
Pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out test tube after being zero, and test tube is tiltedly put, and can be inoculated with after invisible spectro first cell culture medium cooled and solidified
Conidia powder.In the present embodiment, second-generation culture medivm formula are as follows: wheat berry or sorghum grain 90%, weed tree sawdust 8%, gypsum 1% are raw
Lime 1%, second-generation culture medivm water content are 50%；Its preparation method are as follows: each component is packed into inoculation bottle after mixing evenly,
Inoculation bottle bottleneck is clogged with cotton, and inoculation bottle is put into the high-pressure sterilizing pot that pressure is 0.2MPa and is sterilized, autoclave is certainly
So exhaust powers off after 1.5 hours, and pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out inoculation bottle after being zero, the secondary medium in bottle to be seeded is cooled to
It just can access level-one kind after room temperature.In the present embodiment, three-level kind culture medium prescription are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, raw stone
Ash 1%, gypsum 1%, three-level kind moisture content in medium are 50%；Its configuration method are as follows: each component is packed into bacterium after mixing evenly
Kind bag, is then placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot and carries out sterilization treatment, and autoclave pressure is 0.18MP, stops heating after pressure maintaining 3 hours,
Pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out strain bag after being zero, can access second level after the three-stage culture medium in strain bag is cooled to room temperature
Kind.In the present embodiment, mushroom rod culture medium prescription out are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime 1%, gypsum 1%, out mushroom rod
Moisture content in medium is 50%；Its configuration method are as follows: be packed into each component in bacterium bag after mixing evenly, then stacking sterilizes, and adopts
With normal-pressure sterilization mode, stop heating after bacterium bag temperature reaches 95 DEG C or more holdings 12 hours；It is cold to the culture medium in bacterium bag
But to i.e. accessible three-level kind after room temperature.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of mushroom crossbreeding and breeding method, which comprises the following steps:
1) it chooses seeds: selection L26 and 808 kinds；
2) hybridization culture level-one kind: L26 and 808 fresh mushrooms each one are taken, is hooked into triangular flask mouth after disinfection with metal, triangle
Bottle closure allows it to launch conidia powder naturally, and after conidia powder has been launched, conidia powder is put into the invisible spectro same point of level-one kind
Level-one kind culture medium on, make it while growing mycelia, mycelia starts to sprout within 3 days, extracts mycelia after mycelia grows into 2cm long
Head is transferred in next test tube, and sterile constant-temperature disinfection room is put into after test tube is sealed and carries out purification cultivation, temperature is cultivated in purification
Mycelia covers with test tube after degree is 18 DEG C~22 DEG C, 15 days, using mycelia as level-one kind expanding species to strain after mycelia covers with test tube
In bottle；In the purification nurturing period, hypha growth condition is observed at any time, if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the test tube of miscellaneous bacteria timely
Choose；
3) it cultivates second level kind: level-one kind being transferred on the second-generation culture medivm in inoculation bottle, and is stored in strain disinfection room
Second level kind is cultivated, second level kind cultivation temperature is 18 DEG C~22 DEG C, and seed bottle can provide large space and more culture mediums wait in next step
Expanding species, after 25 days, mycelia covers with seed bottle, which is second level kind；During second level kind culture, mycelia is observed at any time and grows feelings
Condition if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the seed bottle of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
4) it cultivates three-level kind: second level kind is transferred on the three-level kind culture medium in strain bag, be stored in training in strain disinfection room
Three-level kind is supported, three-level kind cultivation temperature is 18 DEG C~22 DEG C, and strain bag can provide greater room and more culture mediums wait in next step
Inoculation, after 30 days, mycelia covers with strain bag, and the mycelia in strain bag is three-level kind；During three-level kind culture, bacterium is observed at any time
Silk growing state, if any the bad mycelia of growing way and has the strain bag of miscellaneous bacteria to choose in time；
5) mushroom growing: being punched in mushroom rod out with routine drilling method, three-level kind be transferred to out in mushroom rod, is connected outer in kind of rear enclosure
Bagging stacks bacteria using intersecting parallels, and for the number of plies at 10~12 layers, temperature is 23 DEG C~25 DEG C, and humidity is 50% or so, 35 days left sides
Right mycelia covers with bacteria stick, 10 days or so, when starting long bacterium pimple in bacteria stick, to bacteria stick acanthopore, after acanthopore by bacteria stick be transferred to mushroom shed,
Restocking, avoids direct sunlight bacteria stick, mushroom shed well-ventilated by not 23 DEG C~28 DEG C of mushroom temperature of shed；Puncture site after acanthopore 10 days
Mycelia is covered with, and annesl is started, and carries out moisture needed for water spray guarantees bacteria stick to bacteria stick, meanwhile, it carries out urging mushroom；Urge mushroom method are as follows:
Mushroom shed sealing allows temperature to be increased to 33~37 DEG C, then opens mushroom shed, toward bacteria stick on spray water, allow 10 DEG C of bacteria stick temperature rapid decrease
~15 DEG C, repeatedly start fruiting after 1~2 time, 15 days daily；Start fruiting after mushroom shed temperature be 5 DEG C~35 DEG C, humidity be 65~
95%.
2. mushroom crossbreeding as described in claim 1 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the level-one kind culture medium prescription
Are as follows: 10 parts of agar powder, 10 parts of glucose, 1.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.5 parts of peptone, vitamin B1 is 1 part,
50 parts of distilled water.
3. mushroom crossbreeding as claimed in claim 2 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the level-one kind culture medium is prepared
Make method are as follows: each constituent is put into beaker, is stirred evenly, is boiled with 100 DEG C of temperature, is sufficiently melted to each component
After pour into test tube, block test tube oral area with test tube plug and be put into pressure be 0.15~0.2MPa high-pressure sterilizing pot go out
Bacterium, autoclave power off after being vented 0.5 hour naturally, and pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out test tube after being zero, test tube are tiltedly put, in test tube
First cell culture medium cooled and solidified after can inoculating spores powder.
4. mushroom crossbreeding as described in claim 1 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the second-generation culture medivm formula
Are as follows: wheat berry or sorghum grain 90%, weed tree sawdust 8%, gypsum 1%, quick lime 1%, second-generation culture medivm water content are 50%.
5. mushroom crossbreeding as claimed in claim 4 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the second-generation culture medivm is matched
Method processed are as follows: each component is packed into inoculation bottle after mixing evenly, clogs inoculation bottle bottleneck with cotton, and inoculation bottle is put into pressure
Power is that the high-pressure sterilizing pot of 0.15~0.2MPa sterilizes, and autoclave powers off after being vented 1.5 hours naturally, pot pressure subject to sterilization
Inoculation bottle is taken out after being zero, the secondary medium in bottle to be seeded, which is cooled to after room temperature, just can access level-one kind.
6. mushroom crossbreeding as described in claim 1 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the three-level kind culture medium prescription
Are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime 1%, gypsum 1%, three-level kind moisture content in medium are 50%.
7. mushroom crossbreeding as claimed in claim 6 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the three-level kind culture medium configuration
Method are as follows: each component is packed into strain bag after mixing evenly, is then placed in high-pressure sterilizing pot and carries out sterilization treatment, autoclave pressure
Power is 0.18MP, stops heating after pressure maintaining 3 hours, pot pressure subject to sterilization takes out strain bag after being zero, to the three-level in strain bag
Culture medium, which is cooled to after room temperature, can access second level kind.
8. mushroom crossbreeding as described in claim 1 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the mushroom rod culture medium prescription out
Are as follows: weed tree sawdust 78%, wheat bran 20%, quick lime 1%, gypsum 1%, mushroom rod moisture content in medium is 50% out.
9. mushroom crossbreeding as claimed in claim 8 and breeding method, which is characterized in that the mushroom rod culture medium configuration out
Method are as follows: be packed into each component in bacterium bag after mixing evenly, then stacking sterilizes, using normal-pressure sterilization mode, to bacterium bag temperature
Stop heating after reaching 95 DEG C or more holdings 12 hours；It can access three-level kind after the culture medium in bacterium bag is cooled to room temperature.
10. mushroom crossbreeding as described in claim 1 and breeding method, which is characterized in that in step 5), after starting fruiting
The daily minimum temperature of mushroom shed is 5 DEG C, and maximum temperature is 35 DEG C.
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| CN111727808A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-10-02 | 平泉市希才应用菌科技发展有限公司 | Lentinus edodes strain and cultivation method and application thereof |
| CN112806215A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-05-18 | 贵州大学 | Method for preparing mushroom liquid strain and method for producing mushroom stick |
| CN112840945A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-28 | 福建容益菌业科技研发有限公司 | Sparassis crispa crossbreeding process |
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| CN105039304A (en) * | 2015-08-12 | 2015-11-11 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Monospore hybridization method of edible fungus |
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| CN112840945A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-28 | 福建容益菌业科技研发有限公司 | Sparassis crispa crossbreeding process |
| CN112806215A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-05-18 | 贵州大学 | Method for preparing mushroom liquid strain and method for producing mushroom stick |
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