CN108934650B - Comprehensive control method for harmful local liana - Google Patents

Comprehensive control method for harmful local liana Download PDF

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CN108934650B
CN108934650B CN201810744247.2A CN201810744247A CN108934650B CN 108934650 B CN108934650 B CN 108934650B CN 201810744247 A CN201810744247 A CN 201810744247A CN 108934650 B CN108934650 B CN 108934650B
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harmful
vines
local
liana
composition
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CN108934650A (en
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黄文良
宋雪
黄捷
王旭光
王辉
王彰九
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Shenzhen Zhonglv Environment Group Co ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N39/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing aryloxy- or arylthio-aliphatic or cycloaliphatic compounds, containing the group or, e.g. phenoxyethylamine, phenylthio-acetonitrile, phenoxyacetone
    • A01N39/02—Aryloxy-carboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A01N39/04—Aryloxy-acetic acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
    • A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/88—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms six-membered rings with three ring hetero atoms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
    • A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a comprehensive control method for harmful vines in the soil, which comprises the following steps: a medicament formed by the composition of picloram, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, bentazone and sulfometuron-methyl according to the weight ratio of 3000-‑2The application amount of the fertilizer is sprayed on the stems and the stalks of the local harmful lianas, so that the leaf withering rate of the local harmful lianas reaches more than 50 percent; cleaning: cleaning the local harmful vines after the drug control to remove local harmful vines on the ground; ecological prevention and control: and (3) planting fast-growing tree seeds in a mixed manner in the cleaned area according to the plant spacing and row spacing of 1.0-2.0 m multiplied by 1.5-3.0m, and tending for 1-2 years, namely gradually controlling the growth spread of the local harmful vine plants. The invention provides a method for comprehensively preventing and treating the harmful vines in the countryside, which has the advantages of low dosage and small pollution to soil when the pesticide is applied, can efficiently kill the harmful vines in the countryside with large area, can maintain the stability of the later ecological system in a killing area, and has high ecological safety performance.

Description

Comprehensive control method for harmful local liana
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of harmful plant control, and particularly relates to a comprehensive control method for harmful vines in the soil.
Background
Vine plants are important structural components of vegetation communities, are plants with soft stems, which cannot stand freely and need to climb, wind or crawl by virtue of the stems or other objects. Most lianas are beneficial to enriching the structure and the function of a forest ecosystem and maintaining the stability and the forward evolution and development of the forest ecosystem, but some lianas are propagated, spread, wound, covered, killed and extruded in quantity, the original forest plant community structure is seriously damaged, the forest degradation, the function decline and the biological diversity reduction are caused, and the lianas are called harmful lianas. Harmful vines can reduce the growth speed of trees, so that the trees wither and inhibit the regeneration of the trees, further the whole forest dynamics can be changed, and the forest updating after interference is slowed down, so that the invasion of the vines can become a problem of a forest community. The area, shape and height of the crown may be the most important factors for the propagation of the liana in the crown layer tree, and the proper felling of the liana is favorable for improving the propagation of the liana. The dominance of harmful wood vines is increasing, indicating that competition between vines (wood vines) and trees may reduce forest-wide carbon uptake. Harmful wooden vines can cause mechanical damage to trees, resulting in reduction of resistance of the trees to diseases and insect pests.
Chemical control is the simplest technical means to operate. Few reports about the control technology of the harmful vines in the soil are reported. Taking the example of the golden bell vine, the golden bell vine is a perennial wood vine which is specially wound around trees and withers the trees in the Convolvulaceae, and is listed as a forest pest list in 2005 by China. The chemical agent for preventing and controlling the stalactite gloryvine mainly comprises the components of dimetachlone, metolcarb, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and the like. The leaves and the tender branches can be withered by mixing the glyphosate and the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and spraying the Stephania cepharantha to the mixture, but the perennial stems with high lignification degree can not be killed, and the branches drawn out after 1 month can occupy the field again. Late attempts to use dimethomon have also yielded little. When the forest herbicide wilford or 5% hexazinone and 15% ammonium glyphosate are sprayed on the glochidion, the control effect is good, but the dosage required is large, the residual time in soil can reach 8-10 months, and the ecological environment is influenced.
At present, the pesticide is suitable for preventing and controlling the harmful liana in the soil, and has the defects of large using amount, large phytotoxicity on other trees and shrubs, long residual period in the soil and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and firstly provides a method for comprehensively preventing and treating the harmful vines in the soil, which can efficiently kill the harmful vines with large area and can maintain the stability of the later ecological system of a killed area.
The invention provides a method for comprehensively preventing and treating harmful liana in the soil, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) medicine prevention and treatment: a medicament consisting of a composition comprising picloram, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, bentazone and sulfometuron-methyl is mixed according to the mixing ratio of 3000--2The application amount of the fertilizer is sprayed on the stems and the stalks of the local harmful lianas, so that the leaf withering rate of the local harmful lianas reaches more than 50 percent;
cleaning: cleaning the local harmful vines after the drug control to remove local harmful vines on the ground;
ecological prevention and control: and (3) planting the tree seeds in the cleaned area according to the plant spacing and row spacing of 1.0-2.0 m multiplied by 1.5-3.0m in a mixed manner, and tending for 1-2 years, namely gradually controlling the growth spread of the local harmful vine plants.
The local harmful liana includes but is not limited to spiny vines, bauhinia variegata, kudzu, Chinese fevervine or wingless sandalwood.
The preferable selection of the method for comprehensively controlling the harmful liana in the soil is as follows:
in the step of preventing and treating the medicines, the mass ratio of the picloram, the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, the bentazon and the sulfometuron-methyl in the composition is 20-30: 2-5: 0.5-2: 0.5-1, and the combined mass percentage is 24-30% of the total amount of the composition.
In the step of preventing and treating the medicine, the composition also comprises a cosolvent, and the mass percent of the cosolvent is 2-6% of the total mass of the composition.
Specifically, the cosolvent comprises alkylbenzene sulfonate, a dispersant and a thickening agent, and the mass ratio of the alkylbenzene sulfonate, the dispersant and the thickening agent is 1: 2-1: 4.
Further, the dispersing agent is alkyl amine taurate, polysarmate, methylene dinaphthalene sulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate, lignosulfonate or sodium polyacrylate.
Further, the thickening agent is xanthan gum, Arabic gum, methyl cellulose, sodium acrylate, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate.
In the step of ecological prevention and control, the mixed planting tree species are fast-growing tree species.
Specifically, the fast-growing tree species is at least one of macaranga tanarius, cinnamomum burmannii, machilus nannieri, catalpa bungei, aleurites montana, fructus evodiae, discolored cinquefoil leaf tree or mountain dolphin.
The invention has the following technical effects:
(1) aiming at the growth characteristics of the rural harmful vine plants, the invention firstly adopts a drug control method to kill the rural harmful vine plants as soon as possible, the picloram, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, bentazone and sulfometuron-methyl are selected as effective components, the advantages of the raw materials are complementary and the synergistic effect is realized, the photosynthesis of the leaf surfaces of the rural harmful vine plants can be rapidly prevented, the growth of the vine plants is inhibited, the cell division of the growing ends of the vine plants is prevented, the cell elongation and senescence are stimulated, and the death of the harmful vine plant cells is promoted.
(2) The application amount of the raw materials of the medicine can be reduced by adopting a treatment mode combining medicine and ecological prevention and control, the content of components with strong toxicity is reduced as much as possible by the provided proportion, the damage to peripheral plants and soil after application can be reduced, the growth of subsequent plants can be ensured, and the ecological environment can be protected.
(3) The medicinal raw materials of the invention are also supplemented with cosolvent, which can increase the solubility of the effective components, is favorable for increasing the adhesion and absorption of the leaves and stems of the harmful vines to the composition, can ensure that the harmful vines in the country quickly wither or die, improves the killing effect of the harmful vines in the country, and can further reduce the residue of the composition in the soil. The pesticide is mainly killed by the absorption of leaves and stems of the rural harmful vines, so that the soil has less absorption of the pesticide, the pesticide resistance of the rural harmful vines is less, the pesticide effect duration is long, the usage amount of unit area is low, the influence on trees and shrubs is small, and the safety is high.
(4) The invention combines artificial elimination and ecological control, has obvious killing effect, small phytotoxicity on trees and shrubs, small soil pollution and high ecological safety performance, is favorable for improving the species diversity of an ecological system, promotes the renewal of forest trees and solves the disadvantage of using high-dose medicines to control rural harmful liana.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the effect of the comprehensive control of the radix seu folium acanthi sibirici control region provided in a certain protection region in Shenzhen city for 60 days in accordance with embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a 165-day effect diagram of comprehensive control of a radix zanthoxyli control region provided in a certain protection region in Shenzhen city in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of 365-day effect of comprehensive control of the radix seu folium acanthi sibirici control region provided in a certain protection region in Shenzhen City in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The local harmful liana provided by the invention comprises, but is not limited to, local harmful liana such as spiny vines, bauhinia variegata, kudzu, Chinese fevervine, and wingceltis sinensis.
The invention provides a comprehensive control method for the harmful vine plants in the soil, which comprises the following steps:
s1 prevention and treatment with medicine: a medicament consisting of a composition comprising picloram, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, bentazone and sulfometuron-methyl is mixed according to the mixing ratio of 3000--2The application amount of the fertilizer is sprayed on the stems and the stalks of the local harmful lianas, so that the leaf withering rate of the local harmful lianas reaches more than 50 percent.
In the step, the mass ratio of the picloram, the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, the bentazone and the sulfometuron-methyl in the composition is 20-30: 2-5: 0.5-2: 0.5-1, and the combined mass percentage is 24-30% of the total amount of the composition.
The picloram is a hormone herbicide, can be absorbed and conducted by leaves, roots and stems of plants, can be quickly conducted to growing points, and can inhibit respiration of a plant mitochondrial system and nucleic acid metabolism to cause upper deformity, withering, defoliation and necrosis of the plants, and the xylem catheter is blocked and discolored to finally cause death.
The bentazone is a contact herbicide and acts by contacting the leaf surfaces of the vines, can prevent photosynthesis of the vines, and enables stems and leaves of the vines to be withered quickly due to the lack of energy. 3-isopropyl-2, 1, 3-benzothiadiazine-4-ketone-2, 2-dioxide aqueous bentazon can be selected.
The 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is an artificially synthesized plant hormone, can inhibit the growth of lianas, influence the differentiation of the lianas, promote the cell wall of the lianas to rapidly lose water and promote the cell death.
The sulfometuron-methyl is a sulfonylurea long-acting biocidal herbicide which can inhibit the synthesis of branched chain amino acid of the liana, thereby inhibiting the cell division of the growing end of the liana and preventing the growth of the liana from losing green and necrosis.
In the step of preventing and treating the medicament, the composition further comprises a cosolvent, and the mass percent of the cosolvent is 2-6% of the total mass of the composition.
The cosolvent is composed of alkylbenzene sulfonate, a dispersant and a thickening agent, and the mass ratio of the alkylbenzene sulfonate, the dispersant and the thickening agent is 1: 2-1: 4.
Wherein the alkylbenzene sulfonate is an anionic surfactant and has R-C6H4-SO3M groups, and the alkylbenzene sulfonate has wide application range and high yield. The alkylbenzene sulfonate surfactant has the advantages of stable hydrolysis, good solubility, easy preparation of liquid products and biodegradability, and is a better surfactant.
The dispersant is selected from alkyl amidotaurine salt, polysarnate, methylene dinaphthalenesulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate, lignosulfonate or sodium polyacrylate, has the general properties of a water-soluble high-molecular compound, and the colloid of the dispersant has better protection effect, film-forming property, cohesiveness, hygroscopicity, solubilization or coacervation effect, excellent solubility property and physiological compatibility.
The thickening agent is selected from xanthan gum, Arabic gum, methylcellulose, sodium acrylate, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate, preferably xanthan gum, which is white or light yellow powder made of corn starch, has excellent thickening property, suspension property, emulsifying property and water solubility, has good heat and acid-base stability, and is harmless to environment.
When in specific application, the pharmaceutical composition can be prepared into aqua and powder, or can be mixed with a small amount of viscous agent and then added with clear water to form suspending agent for use.
The thickening agent is selected from washing powder or detergent, the main component of the thickening agent is an anionic surfactant, the thickening agent has the functions of solubility, emulsification, soaking and the like, and effective components can be well and uniformly adhered to or/and permeated into the leaf surfaces of harmful lianas so as to increase the absorption rate of the thickening agent to the composition, thereby greatly reducing the loss of the medicament and increasing the killing effect.
When in use, equipment such as a high-pressure motor-driven sprayer, a sprayer-duster and the like can be adopted. The high-pressure motor-driven sprayer has long range and high spraying efficiency, is easy to act on stems and leaves of lianas, and can be used for preventing and treating the harmful lianas in convenient traffic areas such as roadside roads, forest borders, wastelands and the like. The prevention and control tests of the harmful liana in the sporadic distribution area can adopt a sprayer-duster or a manual sprayer for prevention and control, and the spraying of the pesticide is ensured to be more uniform.
S2 cleaning: the local harmful vines after the drug control are cleaned (including killed or not dead local harmful vines), the overground part of the vines can be cut off manually or mechanically, and the vines attached to the trees are subjected to root breaking treatment, so that the local harmful vines are removed from the ground.
S3 ecological prevention and control: and (3) planting fast-growing tree seeds in a mixed manner in the cleaned area according to the plant spacing and row spacing of 1.0-2.0 m multiplied by 1.5-3.0m, and tending for 1-2 years to gradually control the growth and spread of the local harmful vine plants.
In the step, the artificially planted tree species are fast-growing tree species, and are fast in growth, easy to propagate and strong in adaptability.
Specifically, the fast-growing tree species is at least one of macaranga tanarius, cinnamomum burmannii, machilus machani, catalpa bungei, aleurites montana, evodia azedarach, discolored cinquefoil leaf tree, mountain dulcamara or Japanese dolichia. Preferably Macaranga tanarius, Machilus kusnezoffii and Kalopanax septemlobus.
In the tree species, the macaranga tanarius is evergreen arbor, is loved by light, loves high-temperature humid climate, has strong vitality, resists wind, is salt and alkali, grows luxuriantly, is an excellent green shade tree, has the function of maintaining water and soil, and can resist atmospheric pollution. The macaranga tanarius grows fast, the wood is light and soft, the macaranga tanarius can be used as a preservative for building and manufacturing boxes and plates, and the powder of barks and leaves can be used as forage grass of sheep, cattle or deer.
The Yinxiang crown is umbrella-shaped or nearly spherical, evergreen in four seasons, attractive in plant morphology, fragrant and natural, and strong in resistance to chlorine and sulfur dioxide, and is an ideal antifouling greening garden tree species. At present, the trees are used as shade trees, street trees and landscape forests and are distributed in cities and countrysides.
The Machilus thunbergii has straight trunk, beautiful tree shape, wide umbrella-shaped crown, delicate wood, fragrance and dark green branches and leaves, and is an excellent street tree and a courtyard greening tree species.
The kalopanax septemlobus is a small arbor, the length of the kalopanax septemlobus can reach 5 meters, the bark fiber of the kalopanax septemlobus can be made into hemp ropes and hemp bags, and the oil extracted from fruits can also be used for industrial application.
The leaf-fallen Aleurites montana trees can be as high as ten meters in length, have good tree postures, blossom and snow white and are spectacular, belong to excellent garden trees, street trees, shading trees and forest bathing trees, and are suitable for occasions such as gardens, campuses, parks, amusement areas, temples and the like.
The melia azedarach is fast growing, fast in material forming, drought resistant, wind resistant, bright and beautiful, straight in texture, free of worm damage and relatively corrosion resistant. The board is smooth and slightly glossy, and is used for ceiling, floor, door and window, gun stock, vehicle and ship interior decoration, stationery and the like.
The blumea riparia is a good garden tree with straight trunk and different colors on two sides of leaves.
The mountain climbing nightshade has dense branches and leaves, round and neat crown, beautiful tree shape and alternate red and green, adds the color of tree state, is a good tree species for garden appreciation, four-side greening, industrial and mining area greening and protective forest, and is also a good tree species for building biological fireproof forest belts and other ecological public welfare forests for water and soil conservation and water conservation. Meanwhile, the mountain climbing nightshade has the advantages of fast growth, good material quality, strong adaptability, easy propagation and less plant diseases and insect pests, and is a fast-growing evergreen broad-leaved commodity wood tree species.
The comprehensive control method for the rural harmful liana provided by the invention adopts the combination of drugs with artificial removal and ecological control, can effectively reduce the dosage when the drugs are applied, has 100% of killing effect on the rural harmful liana, has obvious killing effect, generates little phytotoxicity on trees and shrubs, has little pollution to soil, has high ecological safety performance, and can be applied to areas with large harm degree on the rural harmful liana in forest lands.
The method comprehensively prevents and controls the rural harmful vine by combining the drug killing, the artificial clearing and the ecological substitution, is favorable for improving the species diversity of the ecological system, promotes the updating of the forest, solves the defect that the high-dose drug for preventing and controlling the rural harmful vine has large residual quantity in the soil, has high safety and no pollution, particularly has long-term effectiveness, improves the community structure, and increases the species diversity and the bearing capacity of the forest ecological system.
The invention is suitable for non-cultivated land areas such as side slopes, orchards, park forest lands and the like, and has good popularization and application values.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
a place: shenzhen is a special protection region in Shenzhen.
(1) The raw materials are as follows by weight percent: 20% of picloram, 3% of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1% of bentazone, 1% of sulfometuron-methyl, 0.5% of alkylbenzene sulfonate, 1% of lignosulfonate, 2% of xanthan gum and 2% of ethanol, adding water to 100%, mixing and stirring to prepare the aqueous solution.
When in use, the medicament is prepared according to 3000 ml.hm-2Adding 100g of washing powder, adding 600L-1000L of water, mixing and stirring to prepare a suspending agent, and then spraying the suspending agent on the leaf surfaces and the stem parts of the acanthopanax spinosus, wherein after 1 month, the leaf withering rate of the acanthopanax spinosus in the area reaches more than 50%.
(2) The leaves and the stems of the prickly ash vine on the ground are cut off by adopting a manual cleaning mode, and the removed prickly ash vine is stacked on the open ground in a centralized way.
(3) Selecting three kinds of tree seedlings of macadamia sinensis, macadamia burclover and machilus nanensis, planting the tree seedlings in a cleaning area of the macadamia sinensis according to the plant spacing and the row spacing of 1.0m multiplied by 1.5m, and watering and fertilizing the tree seedlings.
Referring to fig. 1, after the field is manually cleaned for 60 days, the coverage of the field is about 60 percent. After the nursery stocks are planted, the macaranga tanarius, the cinnamomum burmannii and the machilus nanmu in the area gradually grow, and the harmful liana in the local area is basically controlled.
Example 2:
a place: shenzhen is a special protection region in Shenzhen.
(1) The raw materials are as follows by weight percent: 23% of picloram, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 2% of bentazone, 1% of sulfometuron-methyl, 1% of alkylbenzene sulfonate, 2% of polyvinylpyrrolidone, 2% of methyl cellulose and 8% of glycerol, and then adding water to 100% to form the medicament.
When in use, the medicament is prepared according to 3500 ml.hm-2Adding 100g of washing powder, adding 600L-1000L of water, mixing and stirring to obtain suspending agent, spraying on leaf surface and stem part of the ramulus et folium Operci Elati, and 1 month later, dryingThe rate reaches more than 60 percent.
(2) The leaves and the stems of the prickly ash vine on the ground are cut off by adopting a manual cleaning mode, and the removed prickly ash vine is stacked on the open ground in a centralized way.
(3) Selecting three kinds of tree seedlings of macadamia sinensis, macadamia mandshurica and machilus nanensis, planting the tree seedlings in a cleaning area of the macadamia sinensis according to the plant spacing and the row spacing of 1.5m multiplied by 2.0m, and watering and fertilizing the tree seedlings.
Referring to fig. 2, after 165 days of nursery stocks, the macaranga tanarius, the catalpa bungei and the machilus nannieri in the area gradually grow, and 21 species are increased in the plot. In addition to a small amount of wild acacia taiwanensis in a sample plot and a large amount of macaranga tanarius, catalpa bungei and machilus nanensis planted during transformation, the species and the number of wild arbor bush tree species are rapidly increased, such as ficus microcarpa, sapium sebiferum, trema mollissima, marmor, eupolyphaga, heimianshen, aralia, ramie and peruvian ampelopsis fruits, and the herbaceous plants include sida camara, sanskrita, incarvillea delavayi, aronia macrogolensis, mikania micrantha, imperata, ophiopogon and tenuifolia.
Example 3:
a place: shenzhen is a special protection region in Shenzhen.
(1) The raw materials are as follows by weight percent: 25% of picloram, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1% of bentazone, 0.5% of sulfometuron-methyl, 0.5% of alkylbenzene sulfonate, 2% of sodium polyacrylate, 3% of sodium alginate and 8% of glycerol, and water is added to reach 100% to form the medicament.
When in use, the suspending agent is mixed according to 4500 ml.hm-2Adding 1L of detergent, adding 600-1000L of water, and spraying on leaf surfaces and stem parts of the plant of the acanthopanax spinosus, wherein the killing rate of the acanthopanax spinosus reaches 100% after one month, and the agent has a good killing effect.
(3) Selecting seedlings of three kinds of trees of macaranga spinosa, kalopanax mandshurica and machilus nanensis from the acanthopanax spinosa, planting the seedlings in a acanthopanax spinosa cleaning area according to the plant spacing and the row spacing of 2.0m multiplied by 3.0m, and watering and fertilizing the seedlings.
Referring to fig. 3, 365 days after the nursery stocks are planted, the canopy density of vegetation in the area reaches more than 95%, the height of trees and shrubs reaches 2.5-7m, the canopy density reaches more than 95%, and the tops of canopy layers are covered by the acerola.
The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are only part of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, equivalents and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A comprehensive control method for a Shenzhen county soil harmful liana is characterized by comprising the following steps:
and (3) medicine prevention and treatment: a medicament consisting of a composition comprising picloram, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, bentazone and sulfometuron-methyl is mixed according to the mixing ratio of 3000--2The application amount of the fertilizer is sprayed on the stems and the stalks of the local harmful lianas, so that the leaf withering rate of the local harmful lianas reaches more than 50 percent;
the mass ratio of the picloram to the 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid to the bentazone to the sulfometuron-methyl in the composition is 20-30: 2-5: 0.5-2: 0.5-1, and the mass percentage of the composition is 24-30% of the total amount of the composition; the composition also comprises a cosolvent, wherein the mass percent of the cosolvent is 2-6% of the total mass of the composition;
cleaning: cleaning the local harmful vines after the drug control to remove local harmful vines on the ground;
ecological prevention and control: the cleaned area is mixed with tree seeds according to the plant spacing and row spacing of 1.0-2.0 m multiplied by 1.5-3.0m, and the tree seeds are nursed for 1-2 years, namely the growth and spread of the local harmful vine plants are gradually controlled;
the mixed planting tree species are fast-growing tree species; the fast-growing tree species are the combination of three trees of macaranga tanarius, cinnamomum burmannii and machilus nanensis or the combination of three trees of macaranga tanarius, catalpa bungei and machilus nanensis;
the said local harmful liana is spiny vine, bauhinia variegata or gamboge.
2. The method for comprehensively controlling the harmful liana in the Shenzhen county soil as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cosolvent comprises alkylbenzene sulfonate, a dispersant and a thickener, and the mass ratio of the alkylbenzene sulfonate, the dispersant and the thickener is 1: 2-1: 4.
3. The method for comprehensively controlling the harmful liana in the countryside of Shenzhen as claimed in claim 2, wherein the dispersant is selected from the group consisting of alkyl taurates, polyfusidate, methylene bisnaphthalenesulfonate, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate, lignosulfonate and sodium polyacrylate.
4. The method for comprehensively controlling harmful liana in Shenzhen countryside as claimed in claim 2, wherein said thickener is xanthan gum, arabic gum, methylcellulose, sodium acrylate, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylamide or sodium polyacrylate.
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